Automatic firmware upgrading system and method for vehicle-mounted tablet computer and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic firmware upgrading system and method for a vehicle-mounted tablet computer and a storage medium, the system comprises a power supply module, a control module and an SOC module, the power supply module is used for supplying power to the vehicle-mounted tablet computer; the control module is used for detecting a first voltage signal received by the vehicle-mounted tablet in real time; converting the first voltage signal to obtain a second voltage signal; processing the second voltage signal by adopting a preset filtering algorithm to obtain a reference voltage value; determining a first duration of the reference voltage value and a target voltage fluctuation amplitude; determining a target voltage value; when the target voltage value meets a preset condition, generating a target upgrading instruction; the SOC module is used for obtaining a target firmware upgrade package corresponding to the vehicle-mounted tablet based on the target upgrade instruction; and automatically upgrading the firmware of the vehicle-mounted tablet based on the target firmware upgrade package. By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the firmware upgrading efficiency of the vehicle-mounted tablet computer is improved.

Description

Automatic firmware upgrade system, method and storage medium for in-vehicle tablet Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive electronics technology, and in particular to an automatic firmware upgrade system, method and storage medium for an automotive tablet. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of electronic devices, system upgrades are a critical process before tablet devices leave the factory. This is especially true in the production of automotive tablets, where firmware upgrades, such as system version updates, application installation and uninstallation, need to be performed according to customer configuration requirements.

[0003] Currently, firmware upgrades for vehicle-mounted tablets commonly use a local USB flash drive method. This requires manual pre-saving of the upgrade files to the USB flash drive, followed by powering on each device, inserting the flash drive, and completing the file copying and system update. This method is cumbersome, time-consuming, and inefficient for batch upgrades, severely impacting production line schedules.

[0004] Therefore, improving the efficiency of firmware upgrades for in-vehicle tablets has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an automatic firmware upgrade system, method, and storage medium for in-vehicle tablets, which improves the efficiency of firmware upgrades for in-vehicle tablets.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an automatic firmware upgrade system for an in-vehicle tablet, comprising: a power supply module, a control module, and a SOC module. The control module includes an ADC conversion unit. The system is connected to the in-vehicle tablet, wherein: the power supply module is used to supply power to the in-vehicle tablet; the control module is used to detect in real time a first voltage signal received by the in-vehicle tablet; the first voltage signal is an analog signal; the first voltage signal is converted by the ADC conversion unit to obtain a second voltage signal; the second voltage signal is a digital signal; a preset filtering algorithm is used to process the second voltage signal to obtain a reference voltage value; a first duration period of the reference voltage value and a target voltage fluctuation amplitude of the voltage of the in-vehicle tablet within the first duration period are determined; a target voltage value is determined based on the first duration period, the target voltage fluctuation amplitude, and the reference voltage value; it is determined whether the target voltage value meets preset conditions; when the target voltage value meets the preset conditions, a target upgrade command is generated; the SOC module is used to obtain a target firmware upgrade package corresponding to the in-vehicle tablet based on the target upgrade command; and automatically upgrade the firmware of the in-vehicle tablet based on the target firmware upgrade package.

[0007] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an automatic firmware upgrade method for an in-vehicle tablet, applied to the system described in the first aspect. The method includes: supplying power to the in-vehicle tablet via the power supply module; detecting in real time a first voltage signal received by the in-vehicle tablet via the control module; the first voltage signal being an analog signal; converting the first voltage signal via the ADC conversion unit to obtain a second voltage signal; the second voltage signal being a digital signal; processing the second voltage signal using a preset filtering algorithm to obtain a reference voltage value; determining a first duration of the reference voltage value and a target voltage fluctuation amplitude of the voltage of the in-vehicle tablet within the first duration; determining a target voltage value based on the first duration, the target voltage fluctuation amplitude, and the reference voltage value; determining whether the target voltage value meets preset conditions; generating a target upgrade command when the target voltage value meets the preset conditions; obtaining a target firmware upgrade package corresponding to the in-vehicle tablet via the SOC module based on the target upgrade command; and automatically upgrading the firmware of the in-vehicle tablet based on the target firmware upgrade package.

[0008] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for electronic data interchange, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform some or all of the steps described in the second aspect of embodiments of this application.

[0009] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program being operable to cause a computer to perform some or all of the steps described in the second aspect of embodiments of this application. The computer program product may be a software installation package.

[0010] Implementing this application yields the following beneficial effects: The automatic firmware upgrade system for in-vehicle tablets described in this application detects the analog voltage signal of the in-vehicle tablet through a control module and converts it into a digital signal. It then uses a preset filtering algorithm to filter out interference and obtain a reference voltage value. Next, it verifies the duration and fluctuation amplitude to determine the effective target voltage value. When the preset conditions are met, an upgrade command is automatically generated, and the SOC module automatically obtains the firmware upgrade package and completes the upgrade. This system completely eliminates the manual operation of traditional USB flash drive upgrades, eliminating the need to insert the flash drive and copy files to each device. It enables unattended automatic upgrades for batch devices, reducing human error and rework time. Precise voltage identification avoids false triggering, significantly shortening the upgrade cycle and thus improving the efficiency of in-vehicle tablet firmware upgrades. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the background art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application or the background art will be described below.

[0012] Figure 1 is an application scenario diagram of an automatic firmware upgrade system for an in-vehicle tablet provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic firmware upgrade system for an in-vehicle tablet provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a control module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another automatic firmware upgrade system for an in-vehicle tablet provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a SOC module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 is a flowchart of a firmware upgrade method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 is a flowchart of an automatic firmware upgrade method for an in-vehicle tablet provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a computer-readable storage medium provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0014] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0015] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. In the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0016] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one item" or its similar expression refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items. "One or more" means one or more, while "multiple" means two or more. For example, "at least one item" of a, b, or c can represent the following seven cases: a, b, c; a and b; a and c; b and c; a, b, and c. Each of a, b, and c can be an element or a set containing one or more elements.

[0017] In this application embodiment, "connection" refers to various connection methods such as direct connection or indirect connection to realize communication between devices. This application embodiment does not limit this in any way.

[0018] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0019] The following describes the relevant content, concepts, meanings, technical issues, technical solutions, and beneficial effects involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] First, let me explain some technical terms or phrases used in this application: Firmware upgrade of vehicle tablet: refers to updating the version, repairing the program or configuring the function of the system program, driver or application built into the vehicle tablet to meet the factory requirements or usage needs.

[0021] ADC conversion unit: also known as analog-to-digital conversion unit, is used to convert continuously changing analog voltage signals into discrete digital voltage signals for digital processing and recognition.

[0022] SOC module: or system-on-a-chip module, integrates a processor, memory and peripheral interfaces, and can be used to run the vehicle tablet system, parse upgrade instructions, obtain firmware upgrade packages and perform firmware upgrade operations.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1, which is an application scenario diagram of an automatic firmware upgrade system for an in-vehicle tablet provided in an embodiment of this application. It can be seen that the automatic firmware upgrade system for an in-vehicle tablet (hereinafter referred to as the system) is physically and / or communicatively connected to the in-vehicle tablet. When the system detects that the voltage value of the in-vehicle tablet meets the preset conditions, the system will automatically upgrade the firmware of the in-vehicle tablet.

[0024] The bidirectional arrows in Figure 1 represent the bidirectional interaction between the system and the vehicle-mounted tablet.

[0025] It should be explained that there can be one or more in-vehicle tablets. In other words, the automatic firmware upgrade system of the in-vehicle tablet can automatically upgrade one in-vehicle tablet or perform batch automatic upgrades on multiple in-vehicle tablets.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic firmware upgrade system for an in-vehicle tablet provided in an embodiment of this application. It can be seen that the system includes: a power supply module, a control module, and a SOC module. The control module includes an ADC conversion unit. The system is connected to the in-vehicle tablet. The power supply module is used to supply power to the in-vehicle tablet. In this embodiment, the power supply module may include a voltage regulation device. The power supply module can output a wide range of power supply voltage from 9V to 36V, and can also output specific voltages such as 17V and 27V that are not commonly used by users. The output voltage can be flexibly and precisely set through the voltage regulation device.

[0027] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG3, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control module provided in an embodiment of this application. It can be seen that the control module may include an MCU in addition to an ADC conversion unit.

[0028] In some embodiments, the ADC conversion unit can be integrated into the MCU; the MCU is the core chip in the control module, responsible for calculation and logic control; the ADC conversion unit is an analog-to-digital conversion unit integrated inside the MCU, used to convert analog signals into digital signals.

[0029] In a specific embodiment, the voltage output terminal of the power supply module can be connected to the power supply interface of the vehicle tablet to provide stable power to the vehicle tablet.

[0030] In some embodiments, the power supply module can be adjusted by a voltage regulator to output certain specific voltages. These specific voltages meet preset conditions and can be used as upgrade trigger signals, thus combining the dual functions of power supply and upgrade triggering without the need for additional power supply or triggering hardware.

[0031] The control module is used to detect in real time the first voltage signal received by the vehicle-mounted tablet; the first voltage signal is an analog signal; the first voltage signal is converted by the ADC conversion unit to obtain a second voltage signal; the second voltage signal is a digital signal; a preset filtering algorithm is used to process the second voltage signal to obtain a reference voltage value; a first duration of the reference voltage value and a target voltage fluctuation amplitude of the vehicle-mounted tablet voltage within the first duration are determined; a target voltage value is determined based on the first duration, the target voltage fluctuation amplitude, and the reference voltage value; it is determined whether the target voltage value meets preset conditions; when the target voltage value meets the preset conditions, a target upgrade command is generated; in this embodiment, the preset conditions and the preset filtering algorithm can be preset in advance or defaulted, wherein the preset filtering algorithm can be at least one of the following: sliding window mean filtering algorithm, median filtering algorithm, weighted filtering algorithm, etc., which are not limited here.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the control module collects the power supply voltage of the vehicle-mounted tablet at a fixed sampling frequency (e.g., 1000 times per second) to obtain a first voltage signal in analog form. Then, the first voltage signal is converted by an ADC conversion unit to obtain a second voltage signal. Specifically, the ADC conversion unit can sample, quantize, and encode the first voltage signal to convert the continuous analog signal into a discrete digital signal, thereby obtaining a second voltage signal that can be calculated and processed.

[0033] Furthermore, a preset filtering algorithm can be used to process the second voltage signal to obtain a reference voltage value. For example, if the preset filtering algorithm is a sliding window mean filtering algorithm, the specific processing procedure is as follows: Set sliding window parameters: Pre-configure the length of the sliding window to N (N is a positive integer, for example, N=10), that is, select N continuously collected voltage signal data for each filtering calculation; Construct sliding data window: The control module continuously collects the second voltage signal at a fixed sampling frequency and stores the latest collected digital voltage value into a buffer window of length N; When the window data reaches N, for each new voltage value, the earliest voltage value in the window is removed, keeping the window always containing the latest N second voltage signal data; Calculate window mean: Sum the N digital voltage values ​​in the current sliding window and divide by the window length N to obtain the arithmetic mean; Output reference voltage value: Use the arithmetic mean as the filtered reference voltage value. This value can effectively filter out instantaneous voltage spikes and pulse interference caused by the engine, electrical equipment, etc. in the vehicle environment, reflecting the true stable state of the input voltage of the vehicle tablet.

[0034] To illustrate, suppose the sliding window length N=10, and the control module continuously acquires 10 sets of second voltage signal values ​​(voltage unit is volts V): 17.1, 17.3, 16.9, 17.2, 17.0, 17.4, 16.8, 17.1, 17.2, 17.0; summing these 10 values: 17.1+17.3+16.9+17.2+17.0+17.4+16.8+17.1+17.2+17.0=171; calculating the average value: 171 / 10=17.1; the final reference voltage value is 17.1V, which eliminates the small fluctuations of a single sampling and is closer to the actual input voltage.

[0035] Then, the first duration of the reference voltage value and the target voltage fluctuation range of the vehicle-mounted tablet voltage within the first duration can be determined. Specifically, after obtaining the filtered reference voltage value (e.g., 17.1V), timing begins and the reference voltage value is continuously recorded at each moment. At the same time, two core data are collected: the first duration: the continuous duration for which the reference voltage value is within a preset voltage range (e.g., 16.9V~17.3V); the target voltage fluctuation range: the maximum and minimum reference voltage values ​​recorded within the first duration, and the target voltage fluctuation range is obtained by subtracting the minimum reference voltage value from the maximum reference voltage value.

[0036] Furthermore, the target voltage value can be determined based on the first duration period, the target voltage fluctuation amplitude, and the reference voltage value. Specifically, the start and end times of the first duration period can be determined, and the first duration can be obtained by subtracting the start time from the end time. When the first duration period is longer than the preset duration period and the target voltage fluctuation amplitude is less than the preset voltage fluctuation amplitude, the reference voltage value is determined to be qualified, and the reference voltage value is determined as the target voltage value. When the first duration period is less than or equal to the preset duration period and / or the target voltage fluctuation amplitude is greater than or equal to the preset voltage fluctuation amplitude, the reference voltage value is determined to be unqualified, and the voltage signal is re-acquired and processed until a qualified voltage value is obtained, and the qualified voltage value is determined as the target voltage value.

[0037] Finally, it can be determined whether the target voltage value meets the preset conditions. When the target voltage value meets the preset conditions, a target upgrade instruction is generated. Specifically, the control module can be pre-configured with an upgrade instruction template. When the target voltage value meets the preset conditions, the instruction generation logic is triggered, the upgrade instruction template is called to generate a complete target upgrade instruction, and it is sent to the SOC module through the communication interface.

[0038] In this way, by real-time acquisition, ADC conversion, digital filtering, stability verification and condition judgment of the vehicle-mounted tablet voltage signal, interference signals can be effectively filtered out, stable target voltage values ​​can be accurately identified, false triggering and misjudgment can be avoided, and highly reliable and fully automatic upgrade command generation can be achieved.

[0039] Optionally, in determining whether the target voltage value meets the preset conditions, the control module is specifically configured to: A1. Obtain a specific voltage database; A2. Match the target voltage value with each voltage value in the specific voltage database to obtain a target matching result; the target matching result includes one of the following: successful matching or failed matching; A3. When the target matching result includes successful matching, determine that the target voltage value meets the preset conditions; A4. When the target matching result includes failed matching, determine that the target voltage value does not meet the preset conditions.

[0040] In this embodiment, a specific voltage database can be obtained first; then, the target voltage value is matched with each voltage value in the specific voltage database to obtain the target matching result. Specifically, the target voltage value can be compared with each voltage value in the specific voltage database in turn. If there is a database voltage value that matches the target voltage value, the matching is considered successful; if there is no voltage value in the database that matches the target voltage value, the matching is considered unsuccessful.

[0041] It should be explained that the numerical comparison can adopt "matching within the error range" (for example, if the error between the target voltage value of 17.1V and the database value of 17V is 0.1≤0.2V, it is considered a match), to adapt to the small deviations in the actual voltage acquisition.

[0042] If the target matching result includes a successful match, it can be determined that the target voltage value meets the preset conditions; if the target matching result includes a failed match, it can be determined that the target voltage value does not meet the preset conditions.

[0043] In this way, by matching the target voltage value with the voltages in a specific voltage database one by one, and judging whether the preset conditions are met based on the matching results, the judgment criteria for the upgrade trigger conditions can be unified and the results can be clear, effectively ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the judgment process. At the same time, the database matching method facilitates the unified management and setting of the trigger voltage, improves the standardization and maintainability of the judgment logic, avoids misjudgments caused by chaotic judgment rules, and ensures the stability and reliability of the entire triggering mechanism.

[0044] Optionally, in acquiring the specific voltage database, the control module is specifically configured to: B1. acquire the operating voltage range corresponding to the vehicle-mounted tablet; B2. determine the target tablet type corresponding to the vehicle-mounted tablet; B3. determine a historical voltage dataset based on the target tablet type; B4. determine a conventional voltage range based on the historical voltage dataset; B5. determine an unconventional voltage range based on the conventional voltage range and the operating voltage range; B6. determine the specific voltage database based on the unconventional voltage range.

[0045] In this embodiment, the unique device identifier of the vehicle tablet can be obtained first to obtain the unique identifier of the target device. Based on the unique identifier of the target device, the operating voltage range of the current vehicle tablet is read from a preset storage area (e.g., the local memory of the control module, configuration file, or cloud configuration library). The operating voltage range is a voltage range (e.g., 12V~24V) set in advance according to the tablet hardware specifications and power supply requirements. It includes two core thresholds: the minimum operating voltage and the maximum operating voltage, which are the basis for determining whether the vehicle tablet is powered normally. Then, the target tablet type corresponding to the vehicle tablet is determined. Specifically, a preset mapping relationship between the unique device identifier and the tablet type can be stored in advance, and the target tablet type corresponding to the unique device identifier is determined based on the mapping relationship.

[0046] Furthermore, the historical voltage dataset can be determined based on the target plate type. Specifically, a pre-defined mapping relationship between plate types and voltage datasets can be stored, and the historical voltage dataset corresponding to the target plate type can be determined based on this mapping relationship. Then, the normal voltage range can be determined based on the historical voltage dataset.

[0047] Next, based on the conventional voltage range and the operating voltage range, the unconventional voltage range can be determined. Specifically, the remaining voltage ranges that do not belong to the conventional voltage range within the operating voltage range can be determined as the unconventional voltage range. Finally, a specific voltage database can be determined based on the unconventional voltage range. Specifically, one or more voltage values ​​can be randomly selected from the unconventional voltage range, and these one or more voltage values ​​constitute the specific voltage database.

[0048] In some embodiments, a specific voltage database may include: 17V, 27V.

[0049] In this way, by sequentially acquiring the operating voltage range of the vehicle-mounted tablet, determining the target tablet type, matching the corresponding historical voltage dataset, and determining the conventional and unconventional voltage ranges based on the historical voltage dataset, a specific voltage database can be constructed. This allows the determination of voltage thresholds to conform to the actual working characteristics of different types of vehicle-mounted tablets, ensuring that the division between conventional and unconventional voltages is more accurate and closer to real working conditions. At the same time, the voltage database can be adaptively generated based on historical data and device type, which can improve the adaptability and rationality of the upgrade trigger voltage, avoid problems such as poor compatibility and easy false triggering caused by using a uniform threshold, and make the overall upgrade triggering mechanism more stable and reliable.

[0050] Optionally, the historical voltage dataset includes *a* reference voltage datasets; the *a* reference voltage datasets correspond to *a* scene labels; each reference voltage dataset corresponds to one scene label; *a* is a positive integer greater than 1; in determining the normal voltage range based on the historical voltage dataset, the control module is specifically used for: C1, removing outliers from the *a* reference voltage datasets based on the *a* scene labels to obtain *a* voltage datasets; C2, clustering the *a* voltage datasets using a preset clustering algorithm to obtain *a* clustering results; each clustering result includes at least one voltage cluster; C3, determining *a* partial normal voltage ranges based on the *a* scene labels and the *a* clustering results; each clustering result corresponds to one partial normal voltage range; C4, determining the normal voltage range based on the *a* partial normal voltage ranges.

[0051] In this embodiment of the application, each scene label includes any one of the following: power-on startup scene, normal working scene, standby hibernation scene, charging and power supply scene, etc., which are not limited here; the preset clustering algorithm can be preset in advance or defaulted, wherein the preset clustering algorithm can include one of the following: K-Means clustering algorithm, K-centroid clustering algorithm, hierarchical clustering algorithm, etc., which are not limited here.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, outlier removal can be performed on a reference voltage datasets based on a scene labels to obtain a voltage datasets. Specifically, for the first reference scene label and the first reference voltage dataset, the first reference scene label is any one of the a scene labels, and the first reference voltage dataset is the voltage dataset corresponding to the first reference scene label. First, the first reference voltage upper limit and the first reference voltage lower limit corresponding to the first reference scene label can be determined. For example, a preset mapping relationship between scene labels and voltage upper and lower limits can be stored in advance. Based on this mapping relationship, the first reference voltage upper limit and the first reference voltage lower limit corresponding to the first reference scene label can be determined. Then, for the first reference voltage dataset, voltage data greater than the first reference voltage upper limit and less than the first reference voltage lower limit can be removed to obtain the voltage dataset corresponding to the first reference scene label. In this way, repeating a times can obtain a voltage datasets.

[0053] Next, a preset clustering algorithm can be used to cluster the a voltage datasets respectively, resulting in a clustering results. Specifically, for each voltage dataset, the preset clustering algorithm is used to automatically classify and group the voltage data, grouping data with similar voltage values ​​into the same category, thereby obtaining clustering results that reflect the voltage distribution characteristics of the dataset; thus, a clustering results are obtained. Then, based on a scene labels and a clustering results, a partial normal voltage ranges can be determined. Finally, based on the a partial normal voltage ranges, the normal voltage range is determined. Specifically, these a partial normal voltage ranges can be merged, and the merged total voltage range is determined as the normal voltage range.

[0054] Thus, by removing outliers and performing cluster analysis on voltage data from different scenarios, and combining the scenario characteristics to determine the normal voltage range of each part and merging them to obtain the final range, the normal voltage division can be made more in line with the actual working conditions, improving the accuracy and reliability of range determination, and providing solid data support for the subsequent construction of the voltage database.

[0055] Optionally, in determining a partial conventional voltage ranges based on the a scene labels and the a clustering results, the control module is specifically configured to: D1. Obtain a first clustering result and its corresponding first scene label; the first clustering result is any one of the a clustering results; the first clustering result includes b voltage clusters; b is a positive integer; D2. Determine b clustering densities corresponding to the b voltage clusters; each clustering density corresponds to one voltage cluster; D3. Determine c clustering densities among the b clustering densities that are greater than a preset clustering density; c is a positive integer less than or equal to b; D4. Determine a first voltage range based on the c clustering densities and the b voltage clusters; D5. Determine a first conventional voltage range corresponding to the first scene label; D6. When the first conventional voltage range includes the first voltage range, determine a partial conventional voltage range corresponding to the first clustering result based on the first voltage range; D7. When the first conventional voltage range does not include the first voltage range, determine a partial conventional voltage range corresponding to the first clustering result based on the first conventional voltage range and the first voltage range.

[0056] In this embodiment of the application, the preset cluster density can be preset in advance or set by default.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, a first clustering result and its corresponding first scene label can be obtained; then, b cluster densities corresponding to b voltage clusters can be determined. Specifically, for each voltage cluster, the number of voltage data points contained in the voltage cluster is counted, and the number of voltage data points is used as the cluster density of the corresponding voltage cluster. This process is repeated b times to obtain b cluster densities; next, c cluster densities greater than a preset cluster density can be determined from the b cluster densities. Specifically, each of the b cluster densities can be compared with the preset cluster density, and all cluster densities greater than the preset cluster density can be selected to obtain c cluster densities.

[0058] Then, based on c cluster densities and b voltage clusters, a first voltage range can be determined. Specifically, c voltage clusters corresponding to c cluster densities can be selected from the b voltage clusters. The minimum voltage value in these c voltage clusters is taken as the overall lower voltage limit, and the maximum voltage value is taken as the overall upper voltage limit. The voltage range formed by the lower limit and the upper limit is the first voltage range.

[0059] In some embodiments, the maximum cluster density among c cluster densities can be determined, and the voltage cluster corresponding to the maximum cluster density can be selected from b voltage clusters. The minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value in the voltage cluster can be extracted, and the voltage range formed by the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value is the first voltage range.

[0060] Furthermore, a first conventional voltage range corresponding to the first scene label can be determined. For example, a preset mapping relationship between scene labels and conventional voltage ranges can be stored in advance, and the first conventional voltage range corresponding to the first scene label can be determined based on the mapping relationship.

[0061] When the first normal voltage range includes the first voltage range, the first voltage range can be defined as the partial normal voltage range corresponding to the first clustering result. For example, assuming the first normal voltage range is 12V~18V and the first voltage range is 14V~16V, 12V~18V completely includes 14V~16V. Therefore, the partial normal voltage range corresponding to the first clustering result is 14V~16V.

[0062] When the first normal voltage range does not include the first voltage range, a partial normal voltage range corresponding to the first clustering result is determined based on the first normal voltage range and the first voltage range. Specifically, the overlapping voltage range between the first normal voltage range and the first voltage range can be determined, and this overlapping voltage range is determined as the partial normal voltage range corresponding to the first clustering result. For example, assuming the first normal voltage range is 12V~18V and the first voltage range is 16V~20V, the two only partially overlap, and the overlapping voltage range is 16V~18V. Therefore, the partial normal voltage range corresponding to the first clustering result is 16V~18V.

[0063] Thus, by combining scene labels, cluster density filtering, and voltage range verification to determine a portion of the conventional voltage range, we can accurately select voltage clusters with more concentrated and reliable data, ensuring that the first voltage range has strong representativeness. At the same time, by combining the conventional voltage range corresponding to the scene for inclusion judgment and interval constraints, we can effectively avoid the adoption of abnormal intervals or voltage ranges that deviate from the operating conditions, making the finally determined portion of the conventional voltage range more in line with the real scene, and providing a reliable basis for the subsequent determination of the overall conventional voltage range.

[0064] The SOC module is used to obtain the target firmware upgrade package corresponding to the vehicle tablet based on the target upgrade instruction; and to automatically upgrade the firmware of the vehicle tablet based on the target firmware upgrade package.

[0065] In this embodiment, after receiving the target upgrade instruction, the SOC module calls and obtains the target firmware upgrade package adapted to the current vehicle tablet according to the instruction information. Then, it automatically completes the upgrade of the vehicle tablet firmware according to the target firmware upgrade package, without any manual intervention.

[0066] Thus, by using the SOC module to automatically obtain the firmware upgrade package and complete the firmware upgrade according to the target upgrade command, the entire process of upgrading the vehicle tablet can be automated. There is no need to manually plug and unplug USB flash drives, copy files, or manually trigger the upgrade, which greatly simplifies the upgrade operation, improves the efficiency of batch upgrades, and reduces human error and labor costs. At the same time, the upgrade process is unified and the execution is reliable, which helps to improve the stability and consistency of firmware upgrades before the vehicle tablet leaves the factory, and adapts to the efficient and large-scale production needs of the production line.

[0067] Optionally, please refer to Figure 4, which is a structural schematic diagram of another vehicle-mounted tablet firmware automatic upgrade system provided in an embodiment of this application. As can be seen, in addition to a power supply module, a control module, and a SOC module, the system also includes a communication module, a preset signal source, and a preset server. Regarding obtaining the target firmware upgrade package corresponding to the vehicle-mounted tablet, the SOC module is specifically used for: E1, controlling the communication module to connect to the preset signal source; E2, obtaining the target device serial number corresponding to the vehicle-mounted tablet; E3, determining the target query request corresponding to the target device serial number; E4, using the preset signal source, sending the target query request to the preset server; and E5, receiving the firmware upgrade package returned by the preset server in response to the target query request, thereby obtaining the target firmware upgrade package.

[0068] In this embodiment, both the preset signal source and the preset server can be preset or defaulted in advance; wherein, the preset signal source may include one of the following: router, vehicle gateway, communication base station, etc., which are not limited here.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, the SOC module stores preset connection parameters in advance. The SOC module sends the preset connection parameters of the preset signal source to the communication module, and the communication module connects to the preset signal source based on the preset connection parameters.

[0070] In some embodiments, the preset signal source can be a router, which provides a WiFi hotspot. The preset connection parameters may include: WiFi hotspot name (SSID), authentication password, encryption method (e.g., WPA2-PSK), selectable channel, frequency band (e.g., 2.4G / 5G), etc. The SOC module sends the preset connection parameters to the communication module, which initiates a scan of surrounding wireless signals, matches a signal source with the same SSID from the scan results, initiates a connection request to the matched signal source (preset signal source), submits the corresponding authentication password to complete authentication, and connects to the WiFi hotspot. Then, the communication module's IP allocation, gateway connectivity, and other statuses can be verified, and the link can be maintained after successful connection. If the connection fails (e.g., incorrect password, signal loss), a retry mechanism can be triggered or a connection error status can be reported.

[0071] Next, the target device serial number corresponding to the vehicle tablet can be obtained. Specifically, the unique serial number of the device can be directly read through the system interface (or hardware configuration information) of the vehicle tablet and used as the target device serial number. Then, the target query request corresponding to the target device serial number can be determined. Specifically, a query request in a preset format can be generated based on the target device serial number, that is, the target query request. The target query request can contain information such as the target device serial number and update parameters.

[0072] Then, using a preset signal source, the target query request is sent to a preset server. Specifically, it can be ensured that the communication module has successfully connected to the preset signal source and established a stable network communication link. Then, the target query request is encapsulated into a network data packet according to a preset communication protocol (e.g., HTTP). The network data packet is sent to the preset server through the network channel of the preset signal source. Finally, the firmware upgrade package returned by the preset server in response to the target query request can be received to obtain the target firmware upgrade package.

[0073] In this way, by connecting to a preset signal source through the communication module, generating a query request based on the device serial number of the vehicle tablet and uploading it to the server, and automatically receiving the corresponding firmware upgrade package, it can achieve accurate matching and remote automated upgrades. This avoids hardware incompatibility and errors in upgrades, improves upgrade reliability and efficiency, ensures stable transmission and device security, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0074] Optionally, in receiving the firmware upgrade package returned by the preset server in response to the target query request and obtaining the target firmware upgrade package, the SOC module is specifically configured to: F1. Receive the firmware upgrade package returned by the preset server in response to the target query request and obtain a reference firmware upgrade package; F2. Determine the first version corresponding to the reference firmware upgrade package; F3. Determine the second version corresponding to the vehicle tablet; F4. When the first version is higher than the second version, perform a verification operation on the reference firmware upgrade package to obtain a target verification result; the verification operation includes at least one of the following: integrity verification and legality verification; when the target verification result includes successful verification, determine the target firmware upgrade package based on the reference firmware upgrade package.

[0075] In this embodiment of the application, the target verification result may include any of the following: verification successful or verification failed.

[0076] In a specific embodiment, a preset signal source can be used to monitor the response of a preset server. Once a response is detected, reception begins to obtain the firmware upgrade package returned by the preset server, i.e., the reference firmware upgrade package. Next, the first version corresponding to the reference firmware upgrade package is determined. Specifically, the built-in configuration file of the reference firmware upgrade package can be read, and the version number marked therein (e.g., V2.5) can be extracted as the first version. Then, the second version corresponding to the vehicle tablet can be determined. Specifically, the version configuration file stored locally on the vehicle tablet can be read, and the version number marked therein (e.g., V2.4) can be extracted as the second version. Alternatively, the current firmware version corresponding to the target device serial number, i.e., the second version, can be queried from the background management system bound to the vehicle tablet.

[0077] If the first version is not higher than the second version, it means that the version of the reference firmware upgrade package is the same as or lower than the version of the vehicle tablet firmware. In this case, the upgrade process can be terminated, and the subsequent processing of the reference firmware upgrade package (e.g., decompression, verification, installation) can be stopped immediately to release the local storage resources it occupies, avoid invalid operations occupying system resources, and report the status to the control module (e.g., "The current device version is the latest and no upgrade is needed" or "The upgrade package version is lower than the current version, upgrade is rejected"). At the same time, a prompt message can be displayed on the vehicle tablet interface to inform the user / maintenance personnel of the current version status.

[0078] When the first version is higher than the second version, a verification operation is performed on the reference firmware upgrade package to obtain the target verification result. For example, assuming the verification operation includes integrity verification, the verification hash value (e.g., MD5 hash value) issued by the preset server can be read, and a hash value with the same algorithm can be calculated on the reference firmware upgrade package to obtain the reference hash value. The verification hash value is compared with the reference hash value. If the two hash values ​​are the same, it means that there is no data loss or tampering during the transmission of the upgrade package, the integrity verification passes, and the target verification result is determined to be successful. If the two hash values ​​are inconsistent, it means that there is data loss or tampering during the transmission of the upgrade package, the integrity verification fails, and the target verification result is determined to be unsuccessful.

[0079] If the target verification result includes successful verification, the reference firmware upgrade package is directly identified as the target firmware upgrade package.

[0080] If the target verification result includes verification failure, a new query request can be resent to the preset server using a preset signal source to obtain a new firmware upgrade package.

[0081] In this way, by first receiving the firmware upgrade package returned by the preset server and then comparing the versions, integrity and legality checks are only performed when the new version is higher. Only after the checks pass can the package be identified as the target upgrade package. This avoids invalid upgrades and waste of resources, ensures that the upgrade package is safe, complete, and compatible, and effectively prevents device abnormalities caused by version rollback, data corruption, or illegal firmware. It improves the stability, security, and reliability of vehicle tablet upgrades, while reducing unnecessary computing and storage overhead and improving upgrade efficiency.

[0082] Optionally, please refer to Figure 5, which is a structural schematic diagram of a SOC module provided in an embodiment of this application. The SOC module includes a parsing unit and an execution unit. Please refer to Figure 6, which is a flowchart of a firmware upgrade method provided in an embodiment of this application. In the automatic firmware upgrade of the vehicle-mounted tablet based on the target firmware upgrade package, the SOC module is specifically used to execute the steps shown in Figure 6: S61, the parsing unit parses the target firmware upgrade package to obtain target parsing data; the target parsing data includes: upgrade instructions, upgrade path, and upgrade parameters; S62, the execution unit performs an upgrade operation on the firmware of the vehicle-mounted tablet according to the target parsing data and the target firmware upgrade package.

[0083] In this embodiment, the target firmware upgrade package is parsed by the parsing unit to obtain target parsing data. Specifically, it is first determined whether the target firmware upgrade package is in compressed format. If it is compressed, it is decompressed and then parsed. If it is not compressed, the target firmware upgrade package is parsed directly. The parsing process is as follows: Upgrade instructions: Upgrade instructions are extracted from the script files and configuration list built into the upgrade package, including execution commands such as "Start Upgrade", "Partition Erase", "File Write", and "Reboot Verify", clarifying the upgrade step logic; Upgrade path: The configuration file in the package is parsed to obtain the write path and temporary cache path of the vehicle tablet firmware, ensuring that the file is written to the correct hardware partition; Upgrade parameters: Key parameters required for the upgrade are extracted, such as partition format, write rate, checksum, upgrade timeout, and list of compatible hardware models, providing parameter support for the upgrade execution; Data formatting: The extracted upgrade instructions, upgrade path, and upgrade parameters are organized into standardized target parsing data (e.g., JSON / structured array) to ensure that the execution unit can recognize and call them.

[0084] The execution unit performs an upgrade operation on the vehicle tablet's firmware based on the target parsing data and the target firmware upgrade package. Specifically, it first verifies the legality of the target parsing data, such as whether the path matches the tablet's hardware partition and whether the parameters meet system requirements; it pauses non-core applications on the vehicle tablet, backs up the critical partitions of the current firmware, and ensures no resource conflicts during the upgrade process; after successful legality verification, it continues the upgrade process as follows: according to the "upgrade path," it writes the firmware image file in the upgrade package to the specified hardware partition; it executes the steps of erasing the old firmware, writing the new firmware, and verifying the writing results according to the "upgrade instructions," calling "upgrade parameters" during the process (e.g., using a check code to verify the integrity of the written file and controlling each step of the operation according to the timeout); after the upgrade, it can also check whether the upgrade was successful and execute the upgrade completion instruction (e.g., restarting the vehicle tablet and verifying the new firmware version) to confirm the upgrade was successful; if the upgrade fails, it rolls back to the backup firmware according to the preset rollback instruction and reports the upgrade error information; it cleans up temporary files, restores the tablet's normal services, and completes the entire upgrade process.

[0085] In this way, the parsing unit extracts structured parsed data such as upgrade instructions, upgrade paths, and upgrade parameters from the target firmware upgrade package, and then the execution unit completes the firmware upgrade based on the parsed data and the upgrade package, thus decoupling the upgrade logic from the execution process. This approach makes the upgrade process more standardized and controllable, facilitates verification and anomaly localization, and effectively avoids upgrade failures or device damage caused by configuration errors or path mismatches. It also improves the versatility and scalability of the solution, adapting to different models of in-vehicle tablets and reducing development and maintenance costs. The structured data also ensures the stability and security of the upgrade process, and combined with verification and anomaly handling mechanisms, significantly improves the upgrade success rate and reliability, enhancing the operational stability of in-vehicle equipment.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 7, which is a flowchart of an automatic firmware upgrade method for an in-vehicle tablet provided in an embodiment of this application. This method is applied to the automatic firmware upgrade system for an in-vehicle tablet provided in this embodiment. The method includes: S1, supplying power to the in-vehicle tablet via the power supply module; S2, detecting in real time a first voltage signal received by the in-vehicle tablet via the control module; the first voltage signal is an analog signal; converting the first voltage signal via the ADC conversion unit to obtain a second voltage signal; the second voltage signal is a digital signal; processing the second voltage signal using a preset filtering algorithm to obtain a reference voltage value; determining a first duration of the reference voltage value and a target voltage fluctuation amplitude of the in-vehicle tablet's voltage within the first duration; determining a target voltage value based on the first duration, the target voltage fluctuation amplitude, and the reference voltage value; determining whether the target voltage value meets preset conditions; generating a target upgrade command when the target voltage value meets the preset conditions; S3, obtaining a target firmware upgrade package corresponding to the in-vehicle tablet via the SOC module based on the target upgrade command; automatically upgrading the firmware of the in-vehicle tablet based on the target firmware upgrade package.

[0087] It is understood that the automatic firmware upgrade method for vehicle-mounted tablets described in the embodiments of the present invention can also execute other implementation methods described in the automatic firmware upgrade system for vehicle-mounted tablets provided in the embodiments of the present invention, which will not be repeated here.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer-readable storage medium provided in an embodiment of this application. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0089] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program operable to cause a computer to perform some or all of the steps of any of the methods described in the above method embodiments. The computer program product can be a software installation package, and the computer includes an automatic firmware upgrade system for an in-vehicle tablet.

[0090] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0091] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0092] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of the units described above is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0093] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes described in the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM or random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0094] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in RAM, flash memory, ROM, EPROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, read-only optical discs (CD-ROMs), or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. Additionally, the ASIC can reside in a terminal device or management device. Alternatively, the processor and storage medium can exist as discrete components in the terminal device or management device. ASIC stands for Application Specific Integrated Circuit, a specialized integrated circuit designed and implemented for a specific application scenario or function, characterized by high specialization, high integration, high execution efficiency, small size, low power consumption, and high reliability.

[0095] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, in one or more of the examples above, the functions described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When these computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated.

[0096] The aforementioned computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media.

[0097] The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks (SSDs)).

[0098] The modules / units included in the various devices and products described in the above embodiments can be software modules / units, hardware modules / units, or a combination of both. For example, for devices and products applied to or integrated into a chip, all modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits, or at least some modules / units can be implemented using software programs that run on a processor integrated within the chip, while the remaining (if any) modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits. For devices and products applied to or integrated into a chip module, all modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits. Different modules / units can be located in the same component (e.g., chip, circuit module, etc.) or different components of the chip module, or at least some modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits. The implementation is achieved through a software program that runs on the processor integrated within the chip module. The remaining modules / units (if any) can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits. For various devices and products applied to or integrated into terminal equipment, each of their modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits. Different modules / units can be located in the same component (e.g., chip, circuit module, etc.) or different components within the terminal equipment. Alternatively, at least some modules / units can be implemented through a software program that runs on the processor integrated within the terminal equipment, while the remaining modules / units (if any) can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits.

[0099] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made on the basis of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application should be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic firmware upgrade system for an in-vehicle tablet, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a power supply module, a control module, and a SOC module. The control module includes an ADC conversion unit. The system is connected to an in-vehicle tablet. The power supply module supplies power to the in-vehicle tablet. The control module detects a first voltage signal received by the in-vehicle tablet in real time. The first voltage signal is an analog signal. The ADC conversion unit converts the first voltage signal to a second voltage signal, which is a digital signal. A preset filtering algorithm is used to process the second voltage signal to obtain a reference voltage value. A first duration period of the reference voltage value and a target voltage fluctuation amplitude of the in-vehicle tablet's voltage within the first duration period are determined. A target voltage value is determined based on the first duration period, the target voltage fluctuation amplitude, and the reference voltage value. It is determined whether the target voltage value meets preset conditions. When the target voltage value meets the preset conditions, a target upgrade command is generated. The SOC module obtains a target firmware upgrade package corresponding to the in-vehicle tablet based on the target upgrade command and automatically upgrades the firmware of the in-vehicle tablet based on the target firmware upgrade package.

2. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system further includes: a communication module, a preset signal source, and a preset server; in obtaining the target firmware upgrade package corresponding to the vehicle-mounted tablet, the SOC module is specifically used to: control the communication module to connect to the preset signal source; obtain the target device serial number corresponding to the vehicle-mounted tablet; determine the target query request corresponding to the target device serial number; use the preset signal source to send the target query request to the preset server; receive the firmware upgrade package returned by the preset server for the target query request, and obtain the target firmware upgrade package.

3. The system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In receiving the firmware upgrade package returned by the preset server in response to the target query request and obtaining the target firmware upgrade package, the SOC module is specifically configured to: receive the firmware upgrade package returned by the preset server in response to the target query request and obtain a reference firmware upgrade package; determine a first version corresponding to the reference firmware upgrade package; determine a second version corresponding to the vehicle tablet; when the first version is higher than the second version, perform a verification operation on the reference firmware upgrade package to obtain a target verification result; the verification operation includes at least one of the following: integrity verification and legality verification; when the target verification result includes verification success, determine the target firmware upgrade package based on the reference firmware upgrade package.

4. The system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The SOC module includes a parsing unit and an execution unit. Specifically, in the automatic firmware upgrade of the vehicle-mounted tablet based on the target firmware upgrade package, the SOC module is used to: parse the target firmware upgrade package through the parsing unit to obtain target parsing data; the target parsing data includes: upgrade instructions, upgrade path, and upgrade parameters; and execute the firmware upgrade operation of the vehicle-mounted tablet according to the target parsing data and the target firmware upgrade package through the execution unit.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, In determining whether the target voltage value meets the preset conditions, the control module is specifically configured to: acquire a specific voltage database; match the target voltage value with each voltage value in the specific voltage database to obtain a target matching result; the target matching result includes one of the following: successful matching or failed matching; When the target matching result includes a successful match, it is determined that the target voltage value meets the preset condition; When the target matching result includes the matching failure, it is determined that the target voltage value does not meet the preset condition.

6. The system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In terms of acquiring the specific voltage database, the control module is specifically configured to: acquire the operating voltage range corresponding to the vehicle-mounted tablet; determine the target tablet type corresponding to the vehicle-mounted tablet; determine a historical voltage dataset based on the target tablet type; determine a regular voltage range based on the historical voltage dataset; determine an unconventional voltage range based on the regular voltage range and the operating voltage range; and determine the specific voltage database based on the unconventional voltage range.

7. The system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The historical voltage dataset includes *a* reference voltage datasets; each of the *a* reference voltage datasets corresponds to one scene label; *a* is a positive integer greater than 1; in determining the normal voltage range based on the historical voltage dataset, the control module is specifically used to: remove outliers from the *a* reference voltage datasets according to the *a* scene labels to obtain *a* voltage datasets; and cluster the *a* voltage datasets using a preset clustering algorithm to obtain *a* clustering results. Each clustering result includes at least one voltage cluster; based on the a scene labels and the a clustering results, a partial conventional voltage ranges are determined; Each clustering result corresponds to a portion of the normal voltage range; The conventional voltage range is determined based on the conventional voltage range of the a-parts.

8. The system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In determining a partial conventional voltage range based on the a scene labels and the a clustering results, the control module is specifically configured to: obtain a first clustering result and its corresponding first scene label; the first clustering result is any one of the a clustering results; the first clustering result includes b voltage clusters; b is a positive integer; and determine b clustering densities corresponding to the b voltage clusters. Each cluster density corresponds to a voltage cluster; c cluster densities greater than a preset cluster density are determined from the b cluster densities; c is a positive integer less than or equal to b; a first voltage range is determined based on the c cluster densities and the b voltage clusters; a first normal voltage range corresponding to the first scene label is determined; when the first normal voltage range includes the first voltage range, a partial normal voltage range corresponding to the first clustering result is determined based on the first voltage range; when the first normal voltage range does not include the first voltage range, a partial normal voltage range corresponding to the first clustering result is determined based on the first normal voltage range and the first voltage range.

9. A method for automatic firmware upgrade of an in-vehicle tablet, characterized in that, The method, applied to the system as described in any one of claims 1-8, comprises: supplying power to the vehicle-mounted tablet via the power supply module; detecting in real time a first voltage signal received by the vehicle-mounted tablet via the control module; the first voltage signal being an analog signal; converting the first voltage signal via the ADC conversion unit to obtain a second voltage signal; the second voltage signal being a digital signal; processing the second voltage signal using a preset filtering algorithm to obtain a reference voltage value; determining a first duration of the reference voltage value and a target voltage fluctuation amplitude of the vehicle-mounted tablet's voltage within the first duration; determining a target voltage value based on the first duration, the target voltage fluctuation amplitude, and the reference voltage value; determining whether the target voltage value meets preset conditions; generating a target upgrade instruction when the target voltage value meets the preset conditions; obtaining a target firmware upgrade package corresponding to the vehicle-mounted tablet via the SOC module based on the target upgrade instruction; and automatically upgrading the firmware of the vehicle-mounted tablet based on the target firmware upgrade package.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program for electronic data interchange is stored, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform the method as described in claim 9.

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