Power construction site operation safety state real-time monitoring method

Abstract

The invention provides an electric power construction site operation safety state real-time monitoring method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a real-time tension value and a wire elastic elongation from a traction rope connected with traction equipment in a stringing construction operation area, and carrying out digital filtering to obtain a smoothed tension sampling record; the potential avoiding space range and the transverse distance are clustered, the sight line non-shielding length from each clustering center point to the traction rope is evaluated, and the center points with the non-shielding lengths reaching the qualified grade are included into an optimal transverse distance interval set; and extracting the observation response time of each station to the abnormal signal in the tension sampling record in the optimized transverse distance interval set, comparing the theoretical shortest response time with the actual response delay to evaluate the loss degree of the early warning precedent, and identifying the coordinates of the stations needing to be adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of information technology, and in particular to a method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations. Background Technology

[0002] The traction and laying of overhead power lines is widely used in transmission line construction, especially in mountainous areas and crossing complex terrain, where the safety risks are extremely high. The core technical problem currently faced is that when the traction rope or conductor suddenly breaks under high tension, the severed end will be ejected with extremely high initial velocity along the direction of the rope or its deflection, creating a high-speed, fatally dangerous zone. Due to undulating terrain, vegetation, and severe obstruction from structures, monitoring personnel find it difficult to simultaneously and promptly detect abnormal tension fluctuations and accurately determine whether their position is within the ejection trajectory's coverage area. Although tension anomalies can be monitored, the time from noticing the anomaly to taking evasive action is extremely short. Terrain obstruction further limits visibility, compressing the effective reaction window, leading to inaccurate judgment of evasive space, and a low degree of matching between safe positioning and the actual ejection hazard zone, ultimately resulting in frequent accidents causing injuries and fatalities. Existing technology: The intelligent cable laying system based on multi-dimensional perception technology, CN202311586814.3, mainly adopts multi-dimensional image perception and simulation analysis methods, focusing on solving the problem of timeliness and accuracy of dynamic calculation of cable length during the cable laying process. It reduces the overall construction risk through image processing, spatial measurement, and control strategy adjustment. However, this technical approach lacks in-depth consideration of the instantaneous prediction of the broken rope ejection trajectory, the impact of visual obstruction on personnel's observation and avoidance capabilities under complex terrain, and the real-time spatial matching relationship between the lateral distance of the station position and the ejection envelope area. It cannot effectively solve the survival guarantee problem for monitoring personnel in the event of a sudden rope breakage. This invention addresses the above problems and aims to solve how to accurately identify the dangerous area of ​​broken rope ejection based on real-time tension anomaly characteristics, terrain obstruction conditions, and conductor elasticity characteristics in tension traction cable laying operations, and to achieve dynamic optimization of the monitoring personnel's station position. This balances the timeliness of early warning with the sufficiency of avoidance space, significantly reducing the harm caused to on-site personnel by high-risk rope breakage accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations, mainly including:

[0004] Real-time tension values ​​and conductor elastic elongation are obtained from the traction rope connected to the traction equipment in the overhead line construction area. After digital filtering, a smoothed tension sampling record is obtained. Based on the smoothed tension sampling record, abnormal tension fluctuations are identified, and the visible area boundary under the current terrain obstruction distribution is analyzed. The lateral distance between the monitoring personnel's position and the extension line of the traction rope is obtained from the visible area boundary. Based on the conductor elastic elongation combined with rope material characteristics and tension direction, the envelope curve of the broken rope ejection trajectory is identified, determining the potential escape space range. The potential escape space range and lateral distance are clustered, and the unobstructed line-of-sight length from each cluster center point to the traction rope is evaluated. Clusters with unobstructed lengths meeting the acceptable level are selected. Points are included in a preferred set of lateral distance intervals; the observation response time of each station in the tension sampling record to abnormal signals is extracted from the preferred set of lateral distance intervals, and the degree of loss of early warning opportunity is assessed by comparing the theoretical shortest reaction time with the actual response delay, and the coordinates of the stations that need to be adjusted are identified; the safe station boundaries are redefined according to the station coordinates that need to be adjusted, and the spatial intersection and safety margin of the safe station boundaries and the ejection trajectory envelope curve are superimposed and compared. The coverage of the ejection trajectory extension range is assessed by calculating the intrusion depth of the ejection danger zone to the candidate stations, and the optimal lateral distance interval after balance is obtained; the recommended coordinates of the stations are determined by combining the optimal lateral distance interval after balance, the sufficiency of avoidance space and the early warning response time.

[0005] Furthermore, real-time tension values ​​and conductor elastic elongation are obtained from the traction rope connected to the traction equipment in the overhead line construction area. After digital filtering, smoothed tension sampling records are obtained, including:

[0006] The real-time tension value of the traction rope is collected, and the elastic elongation of the conductor is read from the displacement measuring device between the fixed end and the movable end of the traction rope. The original tension sampling sequence and elongation sampling sequence are collected synchronously according to the preset sampling frequency.

[0007] The filtering window time span is determined based on the signal noise amplitude range in the original tension sampling sequence. Within the filtering window, the arithmetic mean of the tension values ​​of adjacent sampling points is calculated and the smoothing operation is completed point by point to obtain a preliminary smoothed tension sequence.

[0008] The average tension value is calculated within a preset time period for the preliminary smoothed tension sequence as the steady-state tension reference value. A deviation threshold is set according to the steady-state tension reference value. Sampling points that exceed the deviation threshold are replaced by adjacent point interpolation. The replaced tension values ​​are time-series aligned with the elastic elongation at the corresponding time to obtain the smoothed tension sampling record.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the smoothed tension sampling records, the amplitude of abnormal tension fluctuations is identified, and the visible area boundary under the current terrain obstruction distribution is analyzed. This includes: identifying the amplitude of abnormal tension fluctuations based on the smoothed tension sampling records, assessing the risk level of the fluctuation amplitude, and when it is at a high risk level, performing an omnidirectional line-of-sight analysis with the traction equipment as the viewpoint based on the terrain elevation data to obtain the visible area boundary under the current terrain obstruction distribution.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the smoothed tension sampling records, the amplitude of abnormal tension fluctuations is identified, and the visible area boundary under the current terrain obstruction distribution is analyzed, including:

[0011] Based on the smoothed tension sampling records, the instantaneous tension change rate is obtained by dividing the absolute value of the tension difference between adjacent sampling times by the sampling time interval. The fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal tension fluctuation is determined based on the number of consecutive sampling points where the instantaneous tension change rate exceeds a preset rate threshold.

[0012] The fluctuation amplitude is compared with a preset risk level threshold, which corresponds to three levels from low risk to medium risk to high risk, in ascending order. When the fluctuation amplitude exceeds the high risk level threshold, the terrain elevation data of the overhead line construction area is obtained.

[0013] Using the three-dimensional coordinates of the location of the traction equipment as the viewpoint coordinates, multiple lines of sight are emitted from the viewpoint coordinates to the four sides of the horizontal plane at preset angle intervals. The elevation values ​​of the terrain grids on each line of sight are read one by one. When there is a grid elevation value on the line of sight that is higher than the viewpoint elevation value, the line of sight is marked as an obstructed state.

[0014] Based on the occlusion status determination results of all lines of sight, the continuous unobstructed lines of sight are connected and merged to form a fan-shaped visible area centered on the traction device, and the outer contour line of the fan-shaped visible area is extracted as the boundary of the visible area.

[0015] Furthermore, the lateral distance between the monitor's position and the extension line of the traction rope is obtained from the visible area boundary. Based on the elastic elongation of the conductor, combined with the rope material properties and tension direction, the envelope curve of the broken rope ejection trajectory is identified to determine the potential escape space range, including:

[0016] Extract the three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring personnel's position within the boundary of the visible area, determine the coordinates of the fixed point of the traction rope at the traction device and the direction of tension, extend the traction rope extension line along the direction of tension, and calculate the vertical distance from the position coordinates to the traction rope extension line as the lateral distance.

[0017] The elastic restoring force is calculated based on the elastic elongation of the conductor, the elastic modulus and cross-sectional area of ​​the rope material, and the length of the traction rope. The initial ejection speed of the severed head is determined by combining the length between the break point and the traction device.

[0018] Starting from the break point, multiple broken-rope flight paths are drawn according to the initial ejection speed and tension direction within a preset left and right deflection angle range. The outer boundaries of all flight paths are connected to form the broken rope ejection trajectory envelope curve.

[0019] The ejection trajectory envelope curve is projected onto the ground plane and spatially superimposed and compared with the location of the lateral distance. The area where the lateral distance exceeds the outer boundary of the envelope curve is determined as the potential evasion space range.

[0020] Furthermore, the potential avoidance space range and lateral distance are clustered, and the unobstructed line-of-sight length from the center point of each cluster to the traction rope is evaluated. Center points with an unobstructed length meeting the qualification level are included in the preferred set of lateral distance intervals, including:

[0021] The lateral distance values ​​of multiple sampling points are extracted from the potential evasion space at preset intervals. The lateral distance values ​​are used as one-dimensional features and the mean-shift clustering method is used to group them to obtain multiple clusters and their cluster center points.

[0022] For each cluster center point, a detection line of sight is emitted from that point toward the traction rope fixing point. The elevation values ​​of each grid cell in the terrain elevation data are read along the detection line of sight path. If all grid cell elevation values ​​on the line of sight path are lower than the elevation value of the cluster center point, the straight-line distance from the cluster center point to the traction rope fixing point is recorded as the unobstructed line of sight length.

[0023] The unobstructed line of sight length is compared with a preset qualified level threshold. When the unobstructed line of sight length reaches or exceeds the qualified level threshold, the lateral distance value corresponding to the cluster center point is included in the preferred lateral distance interval set.

[0024] Furthermore, the observation response time of each station within the selected lateral distance interval set to abnormal signals in the tension sampling records is extracted. The theoretical minimum response time is compared with the actual response delay to assess the degree of loss of early warning opportunity, including:

[0025] The coordinates of each station are extracted from the preferred set of lateral distance intervals based on the longitudinal position of the construction path. For each station coordinate, the corresponding unobstructed line of sight length is read. The theoretical shortest reaction time is determined by the sum of the physiological reaction time of the monitoring personnel and the signal transmission time corresponding to the unobstructed line of sight length.

[0026] The starting time of the abnormal tension fluctuation is extracted from the tension sampling record as the time when the abnormal signal appears. The actual response delay is calculated based on the unobstructed line of sight and the terrain obstruction conditions at the station. The degree of loss of early warning opportunity is determined by dividing the difference between the actual response delay and the theoretical minimum reaction time by the theoretical minimum reaction time.

[0027] Furthermore, the safe station boundaries are redefined based on the station coordinates that need adjustment. The spatial intersection and safety margin of the safe station boundaries and the ejection trajectory envelope curve are superimposed and compared. The coverage of the ejection trajectory extension range is evaluated by calculating the intrusion depth of the ejection hazard area to the candidate station, including:

[0028] Extract the lateral distance values ​​from the coordinates of the station position that needs to be adjusted, and use the minimum and maximum values ​​as boundaries to expand to both sides along the direction perpendicular to the extension line of the traction rope according to the preset safety distance to form a safe station position boundary;

[0029] The boundary of the safe station and the envelope curve of the ejection trajectory are superimposed in the same plane coordinate system. The spatial intersection area of ​​the two is extracted. The shortest distance to the outer boundary of the envelope curve is calculated for each candidate station in the intersection area as the safety margin.

[0030] For areas where the safety margin is lower than a preset margin threshold, the depth of the envelope curve boundary intruding into the safety station boundary is measured. The ratio of the depth distance to the total width of the safety station boundary is used as the intrusion depth ratio. The coverage rate of the ejection trajectory extension range is determined based on the intrusion depth ratio.

[0031] Furthermore, obtaining the optimal lateral distance interval after balance includes: adjusting the boundary of the safe position according to the coverage of the extended range of the ejection trajectory, shifting the boundary segment whose coverage exceeds a preset coverage threshold along the direction away from the envelope curve until the coverage is lower than the coverage threshold, and determining the optimal lateral distance interval after balance by the lateral distance range corresponding to the adjusted safe position boundary.

[0032] Furthermore, after obtaining the optimal lateral distance interval after equilibrium is achieved, it includes:

[0033] Candidate station coordinates are extracted from the optimal lateral distance interval after balance. For each candidate station coordinate, the corresponding potential avoidance space area and warning response time are read. The potential avoidance space area and warning response time are compared with preset thresholds respectively. Station coordinates that simultaneously meet the conditions of avoiding space area reaching the threshold and warning response time being lower than the threshold are selected to obtain the initial set of stations.

[0034] For the initial set of locations, sort them from largest to smallest according to the length of unobstructed line of sight, and select the coordinates of the locations with the highest unobstructed line of sight length and the number not exceeding a preset limit as the recommended coordinates of the locations;

[0035] Based on the lateral distance between the recommended station coordinates and the extension line of the traction rope, and combined with the trend of the fluctuation amplitude of abnormal tension fluctuations in the tension sampling records, the adjustment direction is determined. When the fluctuation amplitude shows an increasing trend, the adjustment direction is set to move away from the extension line of the traction rope. When the fluctuation amplitude shows a decreasing trend, the current position is maintained. The adjustment direction and the change in lateral distance constitute a dynamic adjustment scheme, resulting in a monitoring station layout that balances avoidance space and early warning timeliness.

[0036] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention may include the following beneficial effects:

[0037] This invention discloses a method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations. By acquiring real-time tension values ​​and conductor elastic elongation from the traction rope and smoothing them through digital filtering, abnormal fluctuation amplitudes are identified and risk levels are assessed. In high-risk situations, omnidirectional line-of-sight analysis is performed using the traction equipment as the viewpoint, combined with terrain elevation data, to determine the visible area boundary. Within the boundary, the lateral distance between the monitoring personnel's position and the extension line of the traction rope is extracted. The envelope curve of the rope breakage trajectory is calculated based on the elastic elongation and rope characteristics to define the potential escape space range. Subsequently, the lateral distance of the position and the escape space are clustered to filter out unobstructed lines of sight. The optimal lateral distance interval is selected based on the length of the selected interval. The degree of loss of early warning opportunity is assessed by comparing the actual response time with the theoretical minimum reaction time. The station positions that need to be adjusted are identified and the boundaries of the safe station positions are redefined. The spatial intersection and safety margin of the boundary and the ejection trajectory are superimposed and compared. The intrusion depth of the ejection danger zone is calculated to optimize the optimal lateral distance interval. Finally, the sufficiency of avoidance space, the timeliness of early warning response and the length of unobstructed line of sight are integrated to generate a dynamic adjustment scheme. This achieves intelligent recommendation of monitoring station positions that takes into account both avoidance space and early warning timeliness, effectively improving the safety protection level of on-site personnel in the event of a rope breakage during overhead line construction. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is another schematic diagram of a method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this specification, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0042] like Figures 1-3 This embodiment of a method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations may specifically include:

[0043] Step S101: Obtain the real-time tension value and conductor elastic elongation from the traction rope connected to the traction equipment in the overhead line construction operation area, and obtain a smoothed tension sampling record after digital filtering.

[0044] The real-time tension value of the traction rope is obtained from the tension sensor installed on the traction equipment in the overhead line construction area. Simultaneously, the elastic elongation of the traction rope under the current tension is read from the displacement measuring device between the fixed and movable ends of the traction rope. The real-time tension value and elastic elongation are synchronously collected according to a preset sampling frequency to obtain the original tension sampling sequence and elongation sampling sequence. The time span of the filtering window is set according to the signal and noise amplitude range present in the original tension sampling sequence. Within the filtering window, the arithmetic mean of the tension values ​​of adjacent sampling points is calculated and then slid forward sequentially to complete the point-by-point smoothing operation of the original tension sampling sequence, resulting in a preliminary smoothed tension sequence. The average tension value of the preliminary smoothed tension sequence within a preset time period is statistically analyzed to obtain a steady-state tension reference value. A deviation threshold is set based on the steady-state tension reference value. Sampling points in the preliminary smoothed tension sequence that exceed the deviation threshold are replaced with adjacent point interpolation values. The corrected tension values ​​are then time-aligned with the corresponding elastic elongation to obtain a smoothed tension sampling record.

[0045] In the overhead line construction area, tension sensors are installed at the connection points between the traction equipment and the traction rope. These sensors employ a strain gauge structure, detecting the deformation of the traction rope acting on the sensor's elastic body and outputting a corresponding electrical signal. After analog-to-digital conversion, the real-time tension value in Newtons is obtained. A displacement measuring device is installed between the fixed and movable ends of the conductor. This device records the change in conductor length under tension using a wire encoder, outputting the elastic elongation value.

[0046] Specifically, the sampling frequency is preset according to the tension fluctuation characteristics of the traction operation. Under normal traction and laying conditions, the sampling frequency is set to collect values ​​between ten and fifty times per second. The tension sensor and the displacement measuring device complete data reading under the trigger of the same clock signal, so that the tension value and elastic elongation at each sampling moment form a one-to-one correspondence, thereby forming the original tension sampling sequence and elongation sampling sequence.

[0047] In one embodiment, the signal noise mainly originates from mechanical vibration and electromagnetic interference generated by the operation of the traction equipment. The noise amplitude range is obtained through statistical analysis of the differences between adjacent sampling points in the original tension sampling sequence. When the standard deviation of the difference between adjacent sampling points exceeds a preset noise judgment threshold, it indicates that the noise interference is strong, and the time span of the filtering window is increased accordingly. When the standard deviation is lower than the threshold, the time span of the filtering window is reduced accordingly to balance noise suppression effect and signal response speed.

[0048] It should be noted that the point-by-point smoothing operation of the moving average filter is performed as follows: Taking the current sampling point as the center, sampling points within half the time span of the filtering window are taken both forward and backward. The tension values ​​of these sampling points are added together and divided by the total number of sampling points. The quotient is used as the smoothing result for the current sampling point. Then, the calculation window is moved forward by one sampling period, and the above operation is repeated for the next sampling point until all sampling points in the original tension sampling sequence have been smoothed, thus obtaining a preliminary smoothed tension sequence.

[0049] For example, the statistical process for the steady-state tension reference value selects a continuous preset time period in the preliminary smoothed tension sequence as the statistical interval. The length of this time period is determined according to the stable cycle of the traction operation. Within this statistical interval, the tension values ​​of all sampling points are summed and divided by the number of sampling points. The resulting average value is the steady-state tension reference value, which reflects the tension baseline level of the traction rope under normal working conditions.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the deviation threshold is set as a fixed proportion of the steady-state tension reference value. When the absolute value of the difference between the tension value at a sampling point in the initially smoothed tension sequence and the steady-state reference value exceeds this deviation threshold, the sampling point is determined to have abnormal fluctuations. For abnormal sampling points, the arithmetic mean of the tension values ​​of the two adjacent normal sampling points is calculated, and this average value replaces the original value of the abnormal sampling point, completing the interpolation correction. After the above correction process, the tension sequence and the elongation sampling sequence are time-aligned according to the sampling time, so that the tension value and the elastic elongation value at the same time are in corresponding positions, forming a smoothed tension sampling record.

[0051] Step S102: Identify the abnormal tension fluctuation amplitude based on the smoothed tension sampling record, assess the risk level of the fluctuation amplitude, and when it is at a high risk level, initiate an omnidirectional line-of-sight analysis based on terrain elevation data with the traction equipment as the viewpoint to obtain the visible area boundary under the current terrain obstruction distribution.

[0052] The tension difference between adjacent sampling moments is extracted from the smoothed tension sampling records. The absolute value of the tension difference is divided by the sampling time interval to obtain the instantaneous tension change rate. The start and end times and duration of abnormal tension fluctuations are identified based on the number of consecutive sampling points where the instantaneous tension change rate exceeds a preset rate threshold. The fluctuation amplitude is determined by the difference between the maximum and minimum tension values ​​during the abnormal fluctuation period. The fluctuation amplitude is compared with a preset risk level threshold, which corresponds to low, medium, and high risk levels in ascending order of fluctuation amplitude. If the fluctuation amplitude exceeds the threshold corresponding to the high-risk level, the line-of-sight calculation process is triggered, and the terrain elevation data of the overhead line construction area is obtained. The three-dimensional coordinates of the traction equipment location are extracted from the terrain elevation data as the viewpoint coordinates. Starting from the viewpoint coordinates, several lines of sight are extended horizontally at preset angle intervals. The terrain grid elevation value passed by each line of sight is read one by one. When the terrain grid elevation value passed by the line of sight is higher than the elevation value of the viewpoint coordinates, the line of sight is marked as obstructed. Based on the occlusion status determination results of all lines of sight, adjacent lines of sight that are not occluded are connected and merged to obtain a fan-shaped visible area centered on the traction device. The outer contour line of the fan-shaped visible area is extracted as the boundary of the visible area.

[0053] During the traction and laying process in overhead power line construction, the smoothed tension sampling records are stored in time series format, with each sampling point containing the tension value at the corresponding moment. The tension difference is extracted by reading the tension values ​​at two adjacent sampling moments and calculating the difference; this difference reflects the change in tension within a unit sampling period. The instantaneous tension change rate is obtained by dividing the absolute value of the tension difference by the time interval between two sampling moments; this rate value characterizes the drastic nature of the tension change.

[0054] Specifically, the identification of abnormal tension fluctuations is based on the comparison between the instantaneous tension change rate and a preset rate threshold. The preset rate threshold is pre-set according to the traction rope material, diameter, and tension fluctuation range under normal operating conditions. When the instantaneous tension change rate of several consecutive sampling points exceeds this rate threshold, the tension is determined to enter an abnormal fluctuation state. The time corresponding to the first sampling point exceeding the threshold is recorded as the start time of the abnormal fluctuation, and the time corresponding to the last sampling point exceeding the threshold is recorded as the end time of the abnormal fluctuation. The difference between the two is the duration. Within the range of the start and end times of the abnormal fluctuation, the tension values ​​of all sampling points are traversed, and the maximum and minimum values ​​are extracted; the difference between the two is the fluctuation amplitude.

[0055] In one embodiment, the risk level is determined using a segmented threshold comparison method. The preset risk level thresholds include two boundary values: a low-risk upper limit threshold and a high-risk lower limit threshold. When the fluctuation amplitude is lower than the low-risk upper limit threshold, it is determined to be a low-risk level; when the fluctuation amplitude is between the two thresholds, it is determined to be a medium-risk level; and when the fluctuation amplitude exceeds the high-risk lower limit threshold, it is determined to be a high-risk level.

[0056] It should be noted that when the risk level assessment result is high risk, the line-of-sight calculation process is triggered. The terrain elevation data comes from a pre-surveyed digital elevation model of the overhead line construction area. This model stores the elevation values ​​of each point on the terrain surface in a regular grid format. The extraction of viewpoint coordinates is accomplished by reading the grid cell coordinates and elevation values ​​corresponding to the traction equipment installation location in the digital elevation model. These viewpoint coordinates include three components: eastward coordinates, northward coordinates, and elevation coordinates.

[0057] In one possible implementation, omnidirectional line-of-sight analysis is achieved by radiating lines of sight from the viewpoint coordinates in all directions and detecting the occlusion relationship between each line of sight and the terrain. The lines of sight are evenly distributed in the horizontal plane at preset angular intervals. For example, if the angular interval is set to one degree, then 360 lines of sight are radiated from the viewpoint coordinates, each line corresponding to an azimuth angle. Each line of sight extends horizontally from the viewpoint coordinates along the corresponding azimuth angle direction, passing through multiple grid cells in the digital elevation model in sequence. For each grid cell traversed by the line of sight, the terrain elevation value stored in that grid cell is read and compared with the elevation value at the viewpoint coordinates. If the terrain elevation value is higher than the elevation value at the viewpoint coordinates, it indicates that there is a terrain obstruction at that grid cell, and the azimuth angle corresponding to the line of sight is marked as obstructed. If the line of sight extends to the boundary of the preset maximum line-of-sight range without encountering a grid cell with an elevation value higher than the viewpoint, the azimuth angle corresponding to the line of sight is marked as unobstructed.

[0058] For example, at a power line construction site in a mountainous area, undulating terrain causes obstructions such as ridges and slopes around the traction equipment. When a line of sight points towards a ridge, the elevation value of the grid cell through which the line of sight passes is higher than the elevation value of the location of the traction equipment, and this direction is determined to be obstructed. When another line of sight points towards an open valley, the elevation values ​​of all grid cells along the path of the line of sight are lower than the elevation value of the viewpoint, and this direction is determined to be unobstructed.

[0059] Understandably, the formation of the visible area is based on a comprehensive judgment of the occlusion status of all lines of sight. The 360 ​​azimuth angles are arranged in clockwise or counterclockwise order, and the occlusion status markers of adjacent azimuth angles are checked sequentially. When several consecutive adjacent azimuth angles are in an unoccluded state, the fan-shaped areas corresponding to these azimuth angles are merged into a single connected visible sector. This fan-shaped visible sector has the viewpoint coordinates as its center, a preset maximum viewing distance as its radius, and the starting and ending angles of consecutive unoccluded azimuth angles as its sector boundaries. Furthermore, the extraction of the visible area boundaries is accomplished by connecting the outer contour points of each visible sector. For each visible sector, the intersection points of the boundary rays and the maximum viewing distance arc are determined along the directions of its starting and ending azimuth angles. All boundary intersection points within the same visible sector are sequentially connected to form a broken line segment, which constitutes the outer contour of the visible sector. By summing up the outer contour lines of all visible sectors, the visible area boundary centered on the traction equipment is obtained. This boundary delineates the spatial range within which the monitoring personnel and the traction equipment maintain unobstructed vision under the current terrain obstruction conditions.

[0060] Step S103: Obtain the lateral distance between the monitoring personnel's position and the extension line of the traction rope within the visible area boundary. Based on the elastic elongation of the conductor, combined with the rope material characteristics and tension direction, identify the envelope curve of the broken rope ejection trajectory to determine the potential escape space range.

[0061] The three-dimensional coordinates of the monitor's current position are extracted from the visible area boundary. The coordinates of the fixed point of the traction rope at the traction device and the direction of tension are obtained. An extension line of the traction rope is formed along the direction of tension. The vertical projection point from the monitor's position coordinates to the extension line of the traction rope is calculated. The lateral distance is determined by the straight-line distance between the position coordinates and the vertical projection point. Based on the elastic elongation of the conductor and the preset elastic modulus and cross-sectional area of ​​the rope material, the following method is used... The elastic restoring force is obtained in the following way, where F is the elastic restoring force. Let E be the elastic elongation, E be the elastic modulus, A be the cross-sectional area, and L be the original length of the traction rope. Combining this with the length of the traction rope from the break point to the traction device, the initial ejection velocity of the broken rope head along the tension direction under the elastic restoring force is obtained. Based on the initial ejection velocity and tension direction, the flight path of the broken head is plotted sequentially along the tension direction and within a preset left and right deflection angle threshold range, starting from the break point. For each deflection angle, the trajectory curve from the break point to the landing point is recorded. The outer boundaries of the trajectory curves corresponding to all deflection angles are connected to form the ejection trajectory envelope curve. The ejection trajectory envelope curve is projected onto the ground plane and spatially superimposed and compared with the location of the lateral distance. Areas with a lateral distance greater than the distance of the outer boundary of the envelope curve are marked as potential avoidance space ranges.

[0062] At the overhead power line construction site, the monitoring personnel are positioned within the visible area boundary. Their three-dimensional coordinates are obtained through on-site positioning equipment, including eastward, northward, and elevation components. The coordinates of the fixed point of the traction rope at the traction equipment are read from the equipment installation record. The direction of tension is determined by the spatial vector of the traction rope pointing from the fixed point to the conductor connection end. The extension line of the traction rope extends infinitely from the fixed point along the direction of tension, forming a straight line in space.

[0063] Specifically, the calculation of lateral distance is based on the principle of perpendicular projection from a point to a line. Using the monitor's position coordinates as the projection point and the extension of the traction rope as the target line, a perpendicular line is drawn from the position coordinates to the extension line; the foot of this perpendicular is the perpendicular projection point. The Euclidean distance between the position coordinates and the perpendicular projection point is the lateral distance, which characterizes the degree to which the monitor's position deviates from the direction of the traction rope's extension. The larger the lateral distance, the greater the lateral distance between the monitor's position and the extension of the traction rope.

[0064] It should be noted that the calculation of elastic restoring force is based on Hooke's Law. The elastic modulus of the rope material characterizes the material's ability to resist elastic deformation; the larger the value, the less likely the material is to undergo elastic deformation. The cross-sectional area is the area of ​​the traction rope's cross-section, which is related to the rope's diameter. Elastic elongation is the elongation of the traction rope relative to its natural length under tension. The value of elastic restoring force is equal to the elastic elongation multiplied by the elastic modulus, then multiplied by the cross-sectional area, and divided by the original length of the traction rope. This restoring force represents the driving force that converts the elastic potential energy released by the traction rope at the moment of sudden breakage into the kinetic energy of the broken end.

[0065] In one embodiment, the initial ejection velocity is determined based on the principle of energy conservation. At the instant the rope breaks, all the elastic potential energy stored in the traction rope is converted into the kinetic energy of the severed end. The value of the elastic potential energy is proportional to the product of the elastic restoring force and the elastic elongation, while the kinetic energy of the severed end is proportional to the product of its mass and the square of its velocity. The mass of the severed end is obtained by multiplying the length of the traction rope from the break point to the end by the mass per unit length of the rope, where the mass per unit length is obtained from a material parameter table based on the rope's material and diameter. By using the equality relationship between elastic potential energy and kinetic energy, the initial ejection velocity of the severed end along the tension direction at the instant of breakage can be calculated.

[0066] For example, the trajectory of the severed head is simulated using a parabolic trajectory. Taking the break point as the starting point, the initial ejection velocity is decomposed into horizontal and vertical components along the tension direction. Horizontally, the severed head moves at a constant initial horizontal velocity; vertically, it undergoes uniform deceleration during ascent and uniform acceleration during descent under the influence of gravity. The horizontal and vertical displacements are combined with a time parameter to obtain the parabolic trajectory of the severed head from the break point to the landing point. Since the impact force on the severed head at the moment of rope breakage exhibits random deflection, deflection angle thresholds are set to the left and right sides based on the tension direction. Within these thresholds, the corresponding flight trajectory curves are drawn one by one according to a preset angle step. Furthermore, the ejection trajectory envelope curve is formed by the combined enclosed trajectories corresponding to all deflection angles. For each trajectory curve, the coordinates of the landing point farthest from the break point are extracted, and the outermost points of each trajectory curve at the same horizontal distance are connected to form the outer boundary of the envelope curve. The envelope curve unfolds in a fan shape, with its center located near the break point. The fan angle is determined by the left and right deflection angle thresholds, and the fan radius is determined by the initial ejection velocity and flight time. The area inside the envelope curve is the potential coverage area for the decapitation ejection; any object falling into this area is at risk of being struck by the decapitation.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the projection of the envelope curve onto the ground plane is achieved by extracting the planar coordinates of each point on the envelope curve. The elevation coordinates of all points on the envelope curve are set to zero, while their eastward and northward coordinates are retained, thus obtaining the projection profile of the envelope curve onto the ground plane. This projection profile delineates the boundary of the danger zone within the ground area where the decapitation projectile is launched.

[0068] Understandably, the determination of the potential escape space range is based on a comparison of the lateral distance and the spatial position of the envelope curve projection contour. The lateral distance of the monitoring personnel is compared point-by-point with the distance to the outer boundary of the envelope curve projection contour. If the lateral distance is greater than the outer boundary distance, it indicates that the position is outside the coverage area of ​​the envelope curve, and this area is marked as the potential escape space range. Within the potential escape space range, the position remains spatially isolated from the ejection trajectory envelope curve, and the monitoring personnel have the conditions to avoid the danger of a broken rope ejection within this range.

[0069] Step S104: Cluster the potential avoidance space range and lateral distance, evaluate the unobstructed line of sight from the center point of each cluster to the traction rope, and include the center points whose unobstructed length reaches the qualified level into the preferred lateral distance interval set.

[0070] The lateral distance values ​​of several sampling points within the potential avoidance space are extracted at preset intervals. These lateral distance values ​​are used as one-dimensional feature inputs, and mean-shift clustering is employed to group and merge the lateral distance values, resulting in several clusters and their corresponding cluster center coordinates. For each cluster center coordinate, a detection line of sight is emitted from that coordinate position towards the traction rope fixing point. The elevation values ​​of each grid in the terrain elevation data are read one by one along the detection line of sight path. If any grid elevation value on the line of sight path is higher than the elevation value of the cluster center point, the line of sight is marked as obstructed. If all grid elevation values ​​on the line of sight path are lower than the elevation value of the cluster center point, the straight-line distance from the cluster center point to the traction rope fixing point is recorded as the unobstructed line of sight length. The unobstructed line of sight length is compared with a preset qualified level threshold. If the unobstructed line of sight length reaches or exceeds the qualified level threshold, the lateral distance value corresponding to the cluster center point is included in the preferred lateral distance interval set.

[0071] Within the potential hiding space, the area is divided into grids according to preset spatial intervals, and the lateral distance values ​​corresponding to each grid node are extracted. The preset intervals are determined based on the terrain complexity of the overhead line construction area and the activity range of the monitoring personnel. Smaller interval values ​​are used in areas with large terrain undulations to increase the sampling density.

[0072] Specifically, the mean-shift clustering method clusters data by iteratively moving data points towards higher-density regions. For each lateral distance value, a weighted mean of all data points in its neighborhood is calculated. The data point is then moved towards the mean value, and this process is repeated until the data point no longer changes position. When multiple data points converge to the same location, they are grouped into the same cluster, and the convergence location is the cluster center. Through this process, the lateral distance values ​​are divided into several clusters, each corresponding to a cluster center coordinate.

[0073] It should be noted that the detection line of sight starts from the coordinates of the cluster center point and points to the fixed point of the traction rope at the traction device. Along the extension path of the detection line of sight, the elevation values ​​of each raster cell traversed by the line of sight in the terrain elevation data are read sequentially.

[0074] In one embodiment, the determination of line-of-sight occlusion involves comparing the grid elevation values ​​with the elevation values ​​of the cluster center points one by one. If the elevation value of a grid is higher than that of the cluster center point, it indicates that there is a terrain protrusion obstructing the line of sight at that grid. The detected line of sight is marked as occluded, and the detection of subsequent grids is terminated. If the elevation values ​​of all grids along the line of sight are lower than that of the cluster center point, it indicates that there is no line-of-sight occlusion between the cluster center point and the traction rope fixing point. In this case, the straight-line distance between the cluster center point and the traction rope fixing point is calculated, and this distance is recorded as the unobstructed line-of-sight length.

[0075] For example, the qualification level threshold is preset based on the minimum line-of-sight distance required for the monitoring personnel to observe the operating status of the traction equipment. The unobstructed line-of-sight length of each cluster center point is compared with the qualification level threshold. If the unobstructed line-of-sight length reaches or exceeds the threshold, the cluster center point is determined to meet the observation conditions, and its corresponding lateral distance value is included in the preferred lateral distance interval set. The preferred lateral distance interval set gathers the lateral distance values ​​corresponding to all cluster center points that meet the unobstructed line-of-sight condition. The lateral distance intervals within this set represent the standing areas where the monitoring personnel are both within the potential hiding space and have the ability to visually monitor the traction equipment.

[0076] Step S105: Extract the observation response time of abnormal signals in the tension sampling records of each station within the selected set of lateral distance intervals, compare the theoretical shortest reaction time with the actual response delay to assess the degree of loss of early warning opportunity, and identify the station coordinates that need to be adjusted.

[0077] From a selected set of lateral distance intervals, the coordinates of each station are calculated and extracted based on the longitudinal position of the construction path. For each station coordinate, the corresponding unobstructed line-of-sight length is read. The theoretical minimum reaction time is obtained by summing the physiological reaction time required for the monitoring personnel to complete the avoidance action from observing the abnormal signal with the signal transmission time corresponding to the unobstructed line-of-sight length. The starting time of the abnormal tension fluctuation is extracted from the tension sampling record as the time of occurrence of the abnormal signal. The delay time is calculated based on the unobstructed line-of-sight length and the terrain obstruction conditions at the station, where the delay time is the additional distance of terrain obstruction divided by the signal propagation speed. This delay time is taken as the actual response delay. The degree of loss of early warning opportunity is determined by dividing the difference between the actual response delay and the theoretical minimum reaction time by the theoretical minimum reaction time. The degree of loss is compared with a preset response timeliness threshold. If the degree of loss exceeds the response timeliness threshold by 0.2, the station coordinates are marked as station coordinates that need adjustment.

[0078] Within the selected set of lateral distance intervals, the coordinates of each station have been screened for compliance with the unobstructed line-of-sight length standard. For each station coordinate within the set, its corresponding unobstructed line-of-sight length value and the three-dimensional coordinates of its location are read as input data for subsequent reaction time assessment.

[0079] Specifically, the theoretical minimum reaction time consists of two parts. The physiological reaction time refers to the duration of nerve conduction and muscle response experienced by the monitor from visually perceiving the abnormal signal to initiating an avoidance maneuver. This duration is preset to a fixed value based on research findings in human movement physiology. The signal transmission time refers to the time required for the abnormal signal to travel from the location of the traction device to the monitor's position, obtained by dividing the unobstructed line of sight by the speed of sound in air. Adding these two durations together yields the theoretical minimum reaction time required for the monitor to complete the avoidance maneuver under ideal conditions.

[0080] It should be noted that the starting point of abnormal tension fluctuations is extracted from the smoothed tension sampling records. When the tension value continuously exceeds the deviation threshold corresponding to the steady-state tension reference value, the time corresponding to the first sampling point that exceeds the threshold is recorded as the time when the abnormal signal occurs.

[0081] In one embodiment, the determination of the actual response delay takes into account the impact of terrain obstruction on line-of-sight propagation. If there are terrain obstructions in the line-of-sight path between the station and the traction equipment, the monitoring personnel cannot observe the change in the status of the traction equipment at the moment the abnormal signal appears, and need to wait for the abnormal signal to be indirectly transmitted to the station through sound waves or other means. Based on the difference between the unobstructed length of the line of sight and the total distance from the station to the traction equipment, combined with the speed of sound wave propagation, the observation delay time caused by terrain obstruction is obtained, and this delay time is taken as the actual response delay.

[0082] For example, the degree of loss of early warning opportunity reflects the proportion of the evacuation preparation time lost by monitoring personnel due to response delay to the theoretical reaction time. The additional delay is obtained by subtracting the signal transmission time portion of the theoretical minimum reaction time from the actual response delay. This additional delay is then divided by the theoretical minimum reaction time; the resulting ratio is the degree of loss. A higher degree of loss indicates poorer early warning timeliness at that station. Furthermore, the degree of loss at each station is compared one by one with a preset response timeliness threshold. If the degree of loss at a station exceeds the response timeliness threshold, the station's early warning response capability is deemed insufficient, and its coordinates are marked as those requiring adjustment for relocation in subsequent station optimization.

[0083] Step S106: Based on the station coordinates to be adjusted, redefine the safe station boundary, superimpose and compare the spatial intersection and safety margin of the safe station boundary and the ejection trajectory envelope curve, evaluate the coverage of the ejection trajectory extension range by calculating the intrusion depth of the ejection danger zone on the candidate station, and obtain the optimal lateral distance interval after balance.

[0084] Extract the lateral distance values ​​of all coordinate points from the station coordinates to be adjusted. Using the minimum and maximum values ​​of these lateral distance values ​​as boundaries, extend the safe station boundaries to both sides along a direction perpendicular to the extension line of the traction rope, according to a preset safety spacing. The safe station boundaries are distributed in a strip shape with the extension line of the traction rope as the central axis. Superimpose the safe station boundaries and the ejection trajectory envelope curve in the same plane coordinate system, and extract the spatial intersection area of ​​the two. For each candidate station point within the intersection area, calculate the shortest distance from the outer boundary of the envelope curve as the safety margin. If the safety margin is lower than a preset margin threshold, the area where the station point is located is marked as a margin-deficient area. For the margin-deficient area, measure the depth distance by which the envelope curve boundary intrudes into the safe station boundary along a direction perpendicular to the safe station boundary. Divide the depth distance by the total width of the safe station boundary to obtain the intrusion depth ratio. The intrusion depth ratio determines the coverage rate of the ejection trajectory extension range over the candidate stations. The safe station boundary is contracted and adjusted according to the coverage rate. The boundary segment with coverage exceeding the preset coverage threshold is shifted away from the envelope curve until the coverage rate drops below the coverage threshold. The optimal lateral distance interval after balance is determined by the lateral distance range corresponding to the adjusted safe station boundary.

[0085] The station coordinates to be adjusted are derived from the set of station locations where the loss of early warning opportunity exceeded the response timeliness threshold in the previous steps. The lateral distance values ​​corresponding to each station location are read one by one from this set, and the minimum and maximum values ​​of all lateral distances are calculated. The minimum value is used as the inner starting point of the safe station boundary, and the maximum value is used as the outer ending point. The safe distance is pre-set based on the minimum movement space required for the monitoring personnel to complete an evasive maneuver in an emergency.

[0086] Specifically, the safety position boundary is formed using a symmetrical expansion method based on the extension line of the traction rope. Along a direction perpendicular to the extension line of the traction rope, the inner edge of the boundary is formed by extending a safety clearance distance from the position of minimum lateral distance towards the traction rope extension line; the outer edge of the boundary is formed by extending a safety clearance distance from the position of maximum lateral distance away from the traction rope extension line. The area between the inner and outer edges constitutes the safety position boundary, which has a strip-like geometric shape extending along the direction of the traction rope extension line.

[0087] In one embodiment, the superposition of the safe position boundary and the ejection trajectory envelope curve is completed within a unified Cartesian coordinate system. The inner and outer edge segments of the safe position boundary and the outer contour polyline of the ejection trajectory envelope curve are simultaneously bound to this coordinate system, both positioned with the location of the traction equipment as the origin. After superposition, it is detected whether the outer contour polyline of the envelope curve crosses the area of ​​the safe position boundary. If a crossover occurs, the closed area enclosed by the crossing portion is marked as the spatial intersection region.

[0088] It should be noted that the safety margin calculation is performed on a case-by-case basis for each candidate station within the spatial intersection area. For each candidate station, the shortest Euclidean distance from its coordinate position to the broken line of the outer contour of the ejection trajectory envelope is measured; this shortest distance is the safety margin value for that station. A larger safety margin value indicates that the station is farther from the boundary of the ejection hazard zone, and that the monitoring personnel have more buffer space at that location. The preset margin threshold is determined based on a combination of the flight deviation range of the broken rope ejection head and the reaction movement distance of the monitoring personnel.

[0089] For example, the marking of insufficient margin regions is based on a point-by-point comparison of the safety margin value and the margin threshold. All candidate stations within the spatial intersection region are traversed; if the safety margin value of a station is lower than the margin threshold, that station is included in the insufficient margin region. The boundary of the insufficient margin region is formed by connecting the outer envelopes of all stations with insufficient margins; this region represents a sub-region within the safe station boundary where there is a risk of ejection.

[0090] In one possible implementation, the intrusion depth distance is measured along a direction perpendicular to the safety station boundary. For each boundary point within the insufficient margin area, a perpendicular line is drawn from that point to the outer edge of the safety station boundary. The distance between the intersection of this perpendicular line and the outer edge and that boundary point is measured; this distance represents the depth of the envelope curve's intrusion into the safety station boundary at that location. Dividing this depth distance by the total width of the safety station boundary from its inner edge to its outer edge yields the intrusion depth ratio. The intrusion depth ratio reflects the relative extent to which the ejection trajectory envelope curve cuts into the safety station area; a higher ratio indicates a larger threat range from the ejection hazard zone to the candidate station. Furthermore, the coverage rate is determined by the ratio of the area of ​​the insufficient margin area to the total area of ​​the safety station boundary. The coverage rate value characterizes the proportion of the ejection trajectory's extension encroachment on the overall candidate station area, directly affecting the size of the safety station space available to monitoring personnel.

[0091] Understandably, boundary contraction adjustments are performed based on a comparison between the coverage rate and a preset coverage threshold. If the coverage rate exceeds the threshold, the boundary segment adjacent to the insufficient margin area within the safe position boundary is shifted away from the envelope curve. The shift distance is determined proportionally to the difference between the current coverage rate and the coverage threshold. After shifting, the coverage rate is recalculated. If it still exceeds the threshold, the shifting continues until the coverage rate falls below the threshold. The lateral distance range corresponding to the adjusted safe position boundary is the optimal lateral distance interval after balance, achieving a balance between launch safety and position availability.

[0092] Step S107: Combine the optimal lateral distance range after balance, the sufficiency of avoidance space and the early warning response time to determine the recommended coordinates of the station position. Combine the evaluation results of the unobstructed line of sight length to generate a dynamic adjustment plan, so as to obtain the monitoring station position layout that takes into account both avoidance space and early warning timeliness.

[0093] All candidate station coordinates are extracted from the optimal lateral distance interval after balancing. For each candidate station coordinate, its corresponding potential avoidance space area and early warning response time are read. The potential avoidance space area and early warning response time are compared with their respective preset thresholds. Candidate station coordinates that simultaneously meet the threshold in both avoidance space area and early warning response time are selected, resulting in a preliminary set of stations. For each station coordinate in the preliminary set, its corresponding unobstructed line of sight length is read. The preliminary set of stations is sorted from largest to smallest based on the unobstructed line of sight length. From the sorted results, station coordinates with the highest unobstructed line of sight length and a number not exceeding a preset upper limit are selected as recommended station coordinates. Based on the lateral distance between the recommended station coordinates and the extension line of the traction rope, combined with the trend of abnormal tension fluctuations in the tension sampling records, if the fluctuation amplitude shows an increasing trend, the adjustment direction is set to move away from the extension line of the traction rope; if the fluctuation amplitude shows a decreasing trend, the current position is maintained. A dynamic adjustment scheme is formed by the adjustment direction and the change in lateral distance, resulting in a monitoring station layout that balances avoidance space and early warning timeliness.

[0094] The optimal lateral distance interval after balancing contains several candidate station coordinates, all of which have been filtered based on the catapult trajectory coverage. For each candidate station coordinate within the interval, the area value of its corresponding potential avoidance space is read. This area value is determined by the geometric area of ​​the region enclosed by the avoidance space boundary marked in the previous step. Simultaneously, the warning response time value corresponding to that station coordinate is read.

[0095] Specifically, the initial screening site set is formed based on the simultaneous fulfillment of two conditions. First, the potential evasive space area must reach a preset area threshold, determined by the minimum activity space required for a monitoring person to complete an evasive maneuver. Second, the warning response time must be less than a preset time threshold, determined by the shortest time required for the severed end of a broken rope to travel from the break point to the site location. Only when the candidate site coordinates simultaneously meet both of these conditions are they included in the initial screening site set.

[0096] In one embodiment, the final recommended coordinates of the station are selected based on the unobstructed line of sight length. A longer unobstructed line of sight indicates a greater visual distance between the monitoring personnel and the traction equipment, and a stronger ability to observe the traction operation status. All station coordinates in the initial screening set are arranged in descending order of unobstructed line of sight length, and the number of station coordinates selected from the front of the sorting results, not exceeding a preset upper limit, are used as the final recommended coordinates.

[0097] It should be noted that the dynamic adjustment scheme is based on the trend of abnormal tension fluctuations. This trend is determined by comparing the increase or decrease of fluctuation amplitude values ​​within adjacent time windows in the tension sampling records. If the fluctuation amplitude in a later time window is greater than that in the previous time window, it is determined that the fluctuation amplitude is increasing, and the adjustment direction is set to move away from the extension line of the traction rope. If the fluctuation amplitude is decreasing or remains stable, the adjustment direction is set to maintain the current position.

[0098] For example, the change in lateral distance is determined based on the adjustment direction and the distance difference between the current position and the outer edge of the safe position boundary. The adjustment direction and the change in lateral distance together constitute a dynamic adjustment plan, which indicates the direction and distance in which the monitoring personnel should move when the tension state changes. Furthermore, the dynamic adjustment plan is combined with the recommended coordinates for the final position to form a monitoring station layout that balances avoidance space and timely early warning. This layout clarifies the recommended station position for monitoring personnel under normal operating conditions and provides guidance for position adjustment when abnormal tension fluctuations intensify.

[0099] If the technical solution of this application involves the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure, or deletion of personal information, the products using this technical solution have clearly and understandably informed the users of the personal information processing rules before processing personal information, and have obtained the individuals' voluntary consent in accordance with the law. If the technical solution of this application involves sensitive personal information (such as biometrics, religious beliefs, specific identities, medical and health information, financial accounts, and location tracking), the products using this solution have obtained the individuals' separate consent before processing sensitive personal information, and have also met the requirement of "express consent," ensuring that individuals make authorization decisions voluntarily based on full knowledge.

[0100] Specific implementation methods include, but are not limited to, the following: setting up clear and prominent signs at personal information collection devices such as cameras and sensors to inform relevant personnel that they have entered the scope of personal information collection and that their personal information will be collected and processed. If an individual voluntarily enters the collection scope after being informed, it is deemed that they have agreed to the collection of their personal information; or using obvious icons, text descriptions, or other means on the terminal device or system interface for personal information processing to inform them of the rules for personal information processing, and obtaining the individual's explicit authorization through interactive methods such as pop-up prompts, check confirmation boxes, or asking the individual to upload their personal information themselves.

[0101] The aforementioned personal information processing rules should include, but are not limited to, the name and contact information of the personal information processor, the specific purpose of personal information processing, the processing method, the types of personal information processed, the retention period, and the methods and procedures for individuals to exercise their relevant rights.

[0102] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations, characterized in that, The method includes: Real-time tension values ​​and conductor elastic elongation are obtained from the traction rope connected to the traction equipment in the overhead line construction area. After digital filtering, a smoothed tension sampling record is obtained. Based on the smoothed tension sampling record, abnormal tension fluctuations are identified, and the visible area boundary under the current terrain obstruction distribution is analyzed. The lateral distance between the monitoring personnel's position and the extension line of the traction rope is obtained from the visible area boundary. Based on the conductor elastic elongation combined with rope material characteristics and tension direction, the envelope curve of the broken rope ejection trajectory is identified, determining the potential escape space range. The potential escape space range and lateral distance are clustered, and the unobstructed line-of-sight length from each cluster center point to the traction rope is evaluated. Clusters with unobstructed lengths meeting the acceptable level are selected. Points are included in a preferred set of lateral distance intervals; the observation response time of each station in the tension sampling record to abnormal signals is extracted from the preferred set of lateral distance intervals, and the degree of loss of early warning opportunity is assessed by comparing the theoretical shortest reaction time with the actual response delay, and the coordinates of the stations that need to be adjusted are identified; the safe station boundaries are redefined according to the station coordinates that need to be adjusted, and the spatial intersection and safety margin of the safe station boundaries and the ejection trajectory envelope curve are superimposed and compared. The coverage of the ejection trajectory extension range is assessed by calculating the intrusion depth of the ejection danger zone to the candidate stations, and the optimal lateral distance interval after balance is obtained; the recommended coordinates of the stations are determined by combining the optimal lateral distance interval after balance, the sufficiency of avoidance space and the early warning response time.

2. The method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time tension value and conductor elastic elongation obtained from the traction rope connected to the traction equipment in the overhead line construction area, and the smoothed tension sampling record obtained after digital filtering, include: The real-time tension value of the traction rope is collected, and the elastic elongation of the conductor is read from the displacement measuring device between the fixed end and the movable end of the traction rope. The original tension sampling sequence and elongation sampling sequence are collected synchronously according to the preset sampling frequency. The filtering window time span is determined based on the signal noise amplitude range in the original tension sampling sequence. Within the filtering window, the arithmetic mean of the tension values ​​of adjacent sampling points is calculated and the smoothing operation is completed point by point to obtain a preliminary smoothed tension sequence. The average tension value is calculated within a preset time period for the preliminary smoothed tension sequence as the steady-state tension reference value. A deviation threshold is set according to the steady-state tension reference value. Sampling points that exceed the deviation threshold are replaced by adjacent point interpolation. The replaced tension values ​​are time-series aligned with the elastic elongation at the corresponding time to obtain the smoothed tension sampling record.

3. The method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of identifying abnormal tension fluctuation amplitude based on smoothed tension sampling records and analyzing the visible area boundary under the current terrain obstruction distribution includes: identifying abnormal tension fluctuation amplitude based on smoothed tension sampling records, assessing the risk level of the fluctuation amplitude, and when it is at a high risk level, performing omnidirectional line-of-sight analysis with the traction equipment as the viewpoint based on terrain elevation data to obtain the visible area boundary under the current terrain obstruction distribution.

4. The method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of identifying abnormal tension fluctuation amplitudes based on smoothed tension sampling records and analyzing the visible area boundary under the current terrain obstruction distribution includes: Based on the smoothed tension sampling records, the instantaneous tension change rate is obtained by dividing the absolute value of the tension difference between adjacent sampling times by the sampling time interval. The fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal tension fluctuation is determined based on the number of consecutive sampling points where the instantaneous tension change rate exceeds a preset rate threshold. The fluctuation amplitude is compared with a preset risk level threshold, which corresponds to three levels from low risk to medium risk to high risk, in ascending order. When the fluctuation amplitude exceeds the high risk level threshold, the terrain elevation data of the overhead line construction area is obtained. Using the three-dimensional coordinates of the location of the traction equipment as the viewpoint coordinates, multiple lines of sight are emitted from the viewpoint coordinates to the four sides of the horizontal plane at preset angle intervals. The elevation values ​​of the terrain grids on each line of sight are read one by one. When there is a grid elevation value on the line of sight that is higher than the viewpoint elevation value, the line of sight is marked as an obstructed state. Based on the occlusion status determination results of all lines of sight, the continuous unobstructed lines of sight are connected and merged to form a fan-shaped visible area centered on the traction device, and the outer contour line of the fan-shaped visible area is extracted as the boundary of the visible area.

5. The method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method involves obtaining the lateral distance between the monitor's position and the extension line of the traction rope within the visible area boundary, identifying the envelope curve of the broken rope ejection trajectory based on the elastic elongation of the conductor combined with the rope material properties and tension direction, and determining the potential escape space range, including: Extract the three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring personnel's position within the boundary of the visible area, determine the coordinates of the fixed point of the traction rope at the traction device and the direction of tension, extend the traction rope extension line along the direction of tension, and calculate the vertical distance from the position coordinates to the traction rope extension line as the lateral distance. The elastic restoring force is calculated based on the elastic elongation of the conductor, the elastic modulus and cross-sectional area of ​​the rope material, and the length of the traction rope. The initial ejection speed of the severed head is determined by combining the length between the break point and the traction device. Starting from the break point, multiple broken-rope flight paths are drawn according to the initial ejection speed and tension direction within a preset left and right deflection angle range. The outer boundaries of all flight paths are connected to form the broken rope ejection trajectory envelope curve. The ejection trajectory envelope curve is projected onto the ground plane and spatially superimposed and compared with the location of the lateral distance. The area where the lateral distance exceeds the outer boundary of the envelope curve is determined as the potential evasion space range.

6. The method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves clustering the potential avoidance space range and lateral distance, evaluating the unobstructed line-of-sight length from the center point of each cluster to the traction rope, and including center points with unobstructed lengths meeting the acceptable level in the preferred set of lateral distance intervals. The lateral distance values ​​of multiple sampling points are extracted from the potential evasion space at preset intervals. The lateral distance values ​​are used as one-dimensional features and the mean-shift clustering method is used to group them to obtain multiple clusters and their cluster center points. For each cluster center point, a detection line of sight is emitted from that point toward the traction rope fixing point. The elevation values ​​of each grid cell in the terrain elevation data are read along the detection line of sight path. If all grid cell elevation values ​​on the line of sight path are lower than the elevation value of the cluster center point, the straight-line distance from the cluster center point to the traction rope fixing point is recorded as the unobstructed line of sight length. The unobstructed line of sight length is compared with a preset qualified level threshold. When the unobstructed line of sight length reaches or exceeds the qualified level threshold, the lateral distance value corresponding to the cluster center point is included in the preferred lateral distance interval set.

7. The method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of extracting the observation response time of each station within the selected lateral distance interval set to abnormal signals in the tension sampling records, and comparing the theoretical minimum response time with the actual response delay to assess the degree of loss of early warning opportunity, includes: The coordinates of each station are extracted from the preferred set of lateral distance intervals based on the longitudinal position of the construction path. For each station coordinate, the corresponding unobstructed line of sight length is read. The theoretical shortest reaction time is determined by the sum of the physiological reaction time of the monitoring personnel and the signal transmission time corresponding to the unobstructed line of sight length. The starting time of the abnormal tension fluctuation is extracted from the tension sampling record as the time when the abnormal signal appears. The actual response delay is calculated based on the unobstructed line of sight and the terrain obstruction conditions at the station. The degree of loss of early warning opportunity is determined by dividing the difference between the actual response delay and the theoretical minimum reaction time by the theoretical minimum reaction time.

8. The method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves re-delineating the safe station boundary based on the adjusted station coordinates, superimposing and comparing the spatial intersection and safety margin between the safe station boundary and the ejection trajectory envelope curve, and evaluating the ejection trajectory extension range coverage by calculating the intrusion depth of the ejection hazard area onto the candidate station, including: Extract the lateral distance values ​​from the coordinates of the station position that needs to be adjusted, and use the minimum and maximum values ​​as boundaries to expand to both sides along the direction perpendicular to the extension line of the traction rope according to the preset safety distance to form a safe station position boundary; The boundary of the safe station and the envelope curve of the ejection trajectory are superimposed in the same plane coordinate system. The spatial intersection area of ​​the two is extracted. The shortest distance to the outer boundary of the envelope curve is calculated for each candidate station in the intersection area as the safety margin. For areas where the safety margin is lower than a preset margin threshold, the depth of the envelope curve boundary intruding into the safety station boundary is measured. The ratio of the depth distance to the total width of the safety station boundary is used as the intrusion depth ratio. The coverage rate of the ejection trajectory extension range is determined based on the intrusion depth ratio.

9. A method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the optimal lateral distance interval after balance includes: adjusting the boundary of the safe position according to the coverage of the extended range of the ejection trajectory; shifting the boundary segment whose coverage exceeds a preset coverage threshold along the direction away from the envelope curve until the coverage is lower than the coverage threshold; and determining the optimal lateral distance interval after balance based on the lateral distance range corresponding to the adjusted safe position boundary.

10. A method for real-time monitoring of the safety status of power construction site operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the optimal lateral distance interval after balance, the following is included: Candidate station coordinates are extracted from the optimal lateral distance interval after balance. For each candidate station coordinate, the corresponding potential avoidance space area and warning response time are read. The potential avoidance space area and warning response time are compared with preset thresholds respectively. Station coordinates that simultaneously meet the conditions of avoiding space area reaching the threshold and warning response time being lower than the threshold are selected to obtain the initial set of stations. For the initial set of locations, sort them from largest to smallest according to the length of unobstructed line of sight, and select the coordinates of the locations with the highest unobstructed line of sight length and the number not exceeding a preset limit as the recommended coordinates of the locations; Based on the lateral distance between the recommended station coordinates and the extension line of the traction rope, and combined with the trend of the fluctuation amplitude of abnormal tension fluctuations in the tension sampling records, the adjustment direction is determined. When the fluctuation amplitude shows an increasing trend, the adjustment direction is set to move away from the extension line of the traction rope. When the fluctuation amplitude shows a decreasing trend, the current position is maintained. The adjustment direction and the change in lateral distance constitute a dynamic adjustment scheme, resulting in a monitoring station layout that balances avoidance space and early warning timeliness.

Images