Intelligent power scheduling unit and intelligent power scheduling system thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent power dispatching unit and an intelligent power dispatching system thereof, and belongs to the crossing field of intelligent power grids, new energy storage and traffic infrastructures. The intelligent power dispatching unit comprises m charging piles, an energy storage system and a relay array; the relay array is arranged between the charging pile and the energy storage system and is used for power dispatching and coupling of the charging pile and the energy storage system; the energy storage system comprises n DC / DC chargers; the number of relays in the relay array is m (m + 3) / 2 + n, m is an integer greater than or equal to 2, n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and m is an integral multiple of n. A plurality of charging piles are combined with an energy storage system and a related detection control system to form an intelligent power dispatching unit, so that the purposes of flexibly dispatching charging power, relieving peak electricity consumption pressure, charging an energy storage battery by utilizing photovoltaic or electricity price valley sections and reducing charging cost are achieved.

Description

Intelligent power dispatching unit and its intelligent power dispatching system Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the intersection of smart grid, new energy storage and transportation infrastructure, and specifically relates to a smart power dispatching unit and its smart power dispatching system. Background Technology

[0002] As crucial refueling points for long-distance electric vehicle travel, highway service areas are facing an increasingly severe challenge from the centralized charging demand as the number of electric vehicles increases. This concentrated charging behavior directly leads to a surge in instantaneous transformer load, which traditional power grid architecture struggles to handle, triggering a vicious cycle of equipment overload risk and decreased charging efficiency. More seriously, existing charging infrastructure lacks dynamic load regulation capabilities. While grid expansion and upgrades can partially alleviate the problem, relying solely on hardware expansion is not only costly but also fails to fundamentally address the low resource utilization caused by peak-valley differences.

[0003] Existing highway service area energy management systems face several challenges: peak charging pressure, high energy costs, insufficient flexibility, and resource waste. Specifically: Peak charging pressure: Concentrated demand for electric vehicle charging at highway service areas leads to a surge in grid load during peak hours, easily causing transformer overload and charging queues. High energy costs: Service areas rely on direct grid power supply, making it impossible to utilize peak-valley electricity price differences to reduce costs. Insufficient flexibility: Fixed charging pile power cannot be expanded. They cannot supply power to the grid or energy storage systems. Waste of electricity resources: Distributed photovoltaic and other renewable energy sources in service areas cannot be locally utilized, resulting in widespread power curtailment. Charging piles generally have insufficient power, low charging efficiency, and long waiting times for vehicles during peak hours; they are also unsuitable for charging high-voltage platforms for passenger cars, logistics vehicles, and heavy trucks.

[0004] It is evident that existing energy management system solutions for highway service areas mostly focus on expanding the capacity of a single charging pile or photovoltaic power generation, lacking the coupling of energy storage systems with charging piles. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent power dispatching unit and its intelligent power dispatching system, aiming to solve the problems of peak charging pressure, high energy costs, insufficient flexibility, and resource waste in existing highway service area energy management systems. The intelligent power dispatching unit of this invention is based on distributed energy storage devices and an intelligent power dispatching system. Through the energy storage system power station, DC charging piles, and detection and control system, it realizes energy self-sufficiency in the service area, electricity market trading, and grid ancillary services.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the intelligent power scheduling unit of the present invention uses several charging piles combined with an energy storage system and related detection and control system to form an intelligent power scheduling unit, thereby realizing flexible scheduling of charging power, alleviating peak electricity demand, utilizing photovoltaic or off-peak electricity price periods to charge energy storage batteries, and reducing charging costs.

[0007] Specifically, an intelligent power scheduling unit includes m charging piles, an energy storage system, and a relay array; the relay array is disposed between the charging piles and the energy storage system for power scheduling and coupling between the charging piles and the energy storage system.

[0008] The energy storage system includes n DC / DC chargers;

[0009] The relay array has m(m+3) / 2+n groups of relays, where m is an integer ≥2, n is an integer ≥2, and m is an integer multiple of n.

[0010] Furthermore, the relay array is arranged as follows: there is a set of relays between any two outputs of the charging pile; each charging pile output is connected to a set of relays, and every m / n sets are connected in parallel to an interconnection bus, for a total of n buses; each charging pile has a set of isolation relays; each bus has a set of relays isolated from the adjacent intelligent power scheduling unit. The relay array is used for parallel operation between AC / DC chargers of charging piles, between DC / DC chargers and AC / DC chargers, and between chargers of intelligent power scheduling units, flexibly adjusting the charging power to achieve fast charging.

[0011] The energy storage system also includes a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic energy conversion module, an inverter, and a battery cabinet; the photovoltaic module is connected to the photovoltaic energy conversion module, the photovoltaic energy conversion module is connected to the inverter and the battery cabinet respectively, and the battery cabinet is connected to n DC / DC chargers.

[0012] The charging pile is a DC charging pile. Each charging pile includes an AC / DC charger, a relay, and a charging pile control display. The charging piles are either custom-made or retrofitted from existing charging piles. Typically, several charging piles are paired with one energy storage system; the optimal number is determined based on the maximum charging power and the power of the AC / DC charger.

[0013] Furthermore, the intelligent power scheduling unit also includes a detection and control system. When the detection and control system detects that a device needs to be charged, it configures a DC / DC charger and an AD / DC charger according to the requested charging power information and the photovoltaic priority principle.

[0014] Furthermore, the intelligent power scheduling unit also includes a display module, which is used to display relevant parameters and display information of the intelligent power scheduling unit.

[0015] The photovoltaic energy conversion module includes an MPPT and a photovoltaic DC / DC converter, which enables the low-voltage output of the photovoltaic module to be increased to a higher voltage.

[0016] An intelligent power scheduling system includes the aforementioned intelligent power scheduling unit.

[0017] The intelligent power scheduling system includes multiple intelligent power scheduling units, which are cascaded together to form a loop.

[0018] The relay array of this invention uses multiple switchable parallel buses, which not only meets the energy storage system's need to release energy to the charged device, but also enables the cascading of intelligent power scheduling units, thereby providing energy to the charged devices of other intelligent power scheduling units; creating conditions for the expansion of charging piles.

[0019] The intelligent power scheduling unit of the present invention is equipped with an intelligent control platform. When it detects that a device needs to be charged, it configures a DC / DC charger and an AD / DC charger according to the requested charging power information and the photovoltaic priority principle.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] The intelligent power scheduling unit of the present invention uses several charging piles combined with an energy storage system and related detection and control system to form an intelligent power scheduling unit, so as to realize flexible scheduling of charging power, alleviate peak electricity demand, and utilize photovoltaic or low electricity price periods to charge energy storage batteries, thereby reducing charging costs. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 is a power loop block diagram of the intelligent power scheduling unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a charging mode relay and charging current flow of an intelligent power scheduling unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent power scheduling system composed of intelligent power scheduling units according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is described as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.

[0027] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0028] Currently, existing highway service area energy management systems suffer from problems such as peak charging pressure, high energy costs, insufficient flexibility, and resource waste. To address these technical issues, this invention proposes an intelligent power dispatching unit and its intelligent power dispatching system. The intelligent power dispatching unit of this invention, based on distributed energy storage devices and an intelligent power dispatching system, achieves energy self-sufficiency, electricity market trading, and grid ancillary services in the service area through an energy storage system power station, DC charging piles, and a detection and control system.

[0029] Example

[0030] As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment uses three charging piles with one energy storage system to illustrate its principle.

[0031] An intelligent power scheduling unit includes m charging piles, an energy storage system, and a relay array; the relay array is disposed between the charging piles and the energy storage system and is used for power scheduling and coupling between the charging piles and the energy storage system.

[0032] The energy storage system includes n DC / DC chargers;

[0033] The relay array has m(m+3) / 2+n groups of relays, where m=3, n=3, and the total number of relays is 12 groups.

[0034] The relay array is arranged as follows: there is a set of relays between any two outputs of the charging pile; each charging pile output is connected to a set of relays, and every m / n sets are connected in parallel to an interconnection bus, for a total of n buses; each charging pile has a set of isolation relays; each bus has a set of relays isolated from the adjacent intelligent power scheduling unit. The relay array is used for parallel operation between AC / DC chargers of charging piles, between DC / DC chargers and AC / DC chargers, and between chargers in the intelligent power scheduling units, flexibly adjusting the charging power to achieve fast charging.

[0035] The energy storage system also includes a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic energy conversion module, an inverter, and a battery cabinet; the photovoltaic module is connected to the photovoltaic energy conversion module, the photovoltaic energy conversion module is connected to the inverter and the battery cabinet respectively, and the battery cabinet is connected to three DC / DC chargers.

[0036] The charging station is a DC charging station. Each charging station includes three AC / DC chargers, a relay, and a charging station control display. The charging stations are either custom-made or retrofitted from existing charging stations. Typically, several charging stations are paired with one energy storage system; the optimal number is determined based on the maximum charging power and the power of the AC / DC chargers.

[0037] The intelligent power scheduling unit also includes a detection and control system. When the detection and control system detects that a device needs to be charged, it configures a DC / DC charger and an AD / DC charger according to the requested charging power information and the photovoltaic priority principle.

[0038] The intelligent power scheduling unit also includes a display module, which is used to display relevant parameters and information of the intelligent power scheduling unit.

[0039] The photovoltaic energy conversion module includes an MPPT and a photovoltaic DC / DC converter, which enables the low-voltage output of the photovoltaic module to be increased to a higher voltage.

[0040] An intelligent power scheduling system includes the aforementioned intelligent power scheduling unit.

[0041] As shown in Figure 3, the intelligent power scheduling system includes multiple intelligent power scheduling units, which are cascaded together via a bus to form a loop.

[0042] The relay array of this invention adopts three switchable parallel buses, which not only meets the energy storage system's need to release energy to the charged device, but also enables the cascading of intelligent power scheduling units, thereby providing energy to the charged devices of other intelligent power scheduling units; creating conditions for the expansion of charging piles.

[0043] The intelligent power scheduling unit of the present invention is equipped with an intelligent control platform. When it detects that a device needs to be charged, it configures a DC / DC charger and an AD / DC charger according to the requested charging power information and the photovoltaic priority principle.

[0044] As shown in Figure 1, all relays appear in pairs in the following description. The three-phase input AC / DC chargers (1#-3#), relay array, and detection and control system constitute a variable power DC charging pile. The inverter, photovoltaic system, MPPT / PV DC-DC converter, battery cabinet, and DC / DC charger constitute the energy storage system. KM10-KM12 are used for cascading between intelligent power dispatching units.

[0045] The three buses BUS1-BU3 are used for power coupling between the energy storage system and the charging pile, as well as power coupling between the intelligent power scheduling units.

[0046] The following explains the power scheduling process when the charging gun detects a device being charged:

[0047] When a charging gun detects a device being charged, if there is only one device, such as at charging gun #1, the control system first obtains the battery voltage and charging current of the device being charged. It then communicates with the energy storage section to determine if there is any remaining energy stored in the photovoltaic cells of the energy storage system. If so, and if the required charging current is less than the maximum output current of a single DC / DC charger, AC / DC #1 is turned off, DC / DC #1 is turned on, and KM4 and KM7 are turned on, implementing normal charging management.

[0048] If the required charging current exceeds the maximum output current of a single DC / DC charger, turn on DC / DC charger #2 and DC / DC charger #3 in sequence. Turn on KM1, KM5, KM3, and KM6, and charge the three DC / DC chargers in parallel. If the charging current is still insufficient, turn on AC / DC charger #2 and AC / DC charger #3 to supplement the power supply using the public power grid, and implement normal charging management.

[0049] If a device with three small-capacity batteries is being charged, KM1, KM2, and KM3 are disconnected, KM4 and KM7 are closed, and AC / DC converters #1 and #DC converters #1 are open to charge the device at charging gun #1. KM5 and KM8 are closed, and AC / DC converters #2 and #DC converters #2 are open to charge the device at charging gun #2. KM6 and KM9 are closed, and AC / DC converters #3 and #DC converters #3 are open to charge the device at charging gun #3.

[0050] If a high-capacity battery and a low-capacity battery are being charged simultaneously, for example, #1 high current and #2 low current, then close KM4 and KM7 to turn on the #1 DC / DC charger. If necessary, turn on the #1 AC / DC charger. Then, close KM3 and KM6 to turn on the #3 DC / DC charger. If necessary, turn on the #3 AC / DC charger to charge the device connected to the #1 charging gun.

[0051] When KM5 and KM8 are closed, turn on the #2 DC / DC charger. If necessary, turn on the #2 AC / DC charger to charge the device at the #2 charging gun. The relay switch status and current flow are shown in Figure 2.

[0052] The intelligent power scheduling unit of the present invention uses several charging piles combined with an energy storage system and related detection and control system to form an intelligent power scheduling unit, so as to realize flexible scheduling of charging power, alleviate peak electricity demand, and utilize photovoltaic or low electricity price periods to charge energy storage batteries, thereby reducing charging costs.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent power scheduling unit, characterized in that: It includes m charging piles, an energy storage system, and a relay array; the relay array is set between the charging piles and the energy storage system for power scheduling and coupling between the charging piles and the energy storage system; the energy storage system includes n DC / DC chargers; the number of relays in the relay array is m(m+3) / 2+n groups, where m is an integer ≥ 2, n is an integer ≥ 2, and m is an integer multiple of n.

2. The intelligent power scheduling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relay array is arranged as follows: there is a set of relays between any two outputs of the charging pile; each charging pile output is connected to a set of relays, and every m / n sets are connected in parallel to a set of interconnecting buses, for a total of n sets of buses; each charging pile has a set of isolation relays; each bus has a set of relays that are isolated from the adjacent intelligent power scheduling unit.

3. The intelligent power scheduling unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The relay array is used for parallel operation between AC / DC chargers in the charging pile, between DC / DC chargers and AC / DC chargers, and between chargers in the intelligent power scheduling unit.

4. The intelligent power scheduling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage system also includes a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic energy conversion module, an inverter, and a battery cabinet; the photovoltaic module is connected to the photovoltaic energy conversion module, the photovoltaic energy conversion module is connected to the inverter and the battery cabinet respectively, and the battery cabinet is connected to n DC / DC chargers.

5. The intelligent power scheduling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging pile is a DC charging pile; the charging pile includes an AC / DC charger, a relay, and a charging pile control display.

6. The intelligent power scheduling unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intelligent power scheduling unit also includes a detection and control system. When the detection and control system detects that a device needs to be charged, it configures a DC / DC charger and an AD / DC charger according to the requested charging power information and the photovoltaic priority principle.

7. The intelligent power scheduling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent power scheduling unit also includes a display module, which is used to display relevant parameters and information of the intelligent power scheduling unit.

8. The intelligent power scheduling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic energy conversion module includes an MPPT and a photovoltaic DC / DC converter, which enables the low-voltage output of the photovoltaic module to be increased to a higher voltage.

9. An intelligent power scheduling system, characterized in that: Includes the intelligent power scheduling unit as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The intelligent power scheduling system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It includes multiple intelligent power scheduling units, which are cascaded together to form a loop.

Images