Meteorological observation equipment-oriented intelligent operation and maintenance method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent operation and maintenance method and system for meteorological observation equipment, relates to the technical field of meteorological equipment operation and maintenance, and focuses on deployment of an outdoor integrated unit and intelligent operation and maintenance of the meteorological observation equipment under a low-temperature condition through an integrated unit integrating functions of multi-port fusion, equipment fingerprint identification and automatic command analysis. A sealed test bin is constructed for testing, an integrated unit deployment scheme which is low in outdoor exposure risk of operators and stable in operation under different low-temperature gradients is selected, an operation and maintenance scheme which is simple in remote control and reduces the outdoor exposure risk of the operators is selected, an integrated operation and maintenance database is constructed, and then the integrated operation and maintenance database is applied to an actual low-temperature environment. The method achieves the simplicity and stability of the whole process of connection, transmission and the like of meteorological observation equipment, guarantees the reliability of meteorological observation, improves the intelligence of operation and maintenance, reduces the outdoor exposure risk of personnel, and effectively adapts to and meets the operation and maintenance demands in a low-temperature scene in actual winter.

Description

Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Methods and Systems for Meteorological Observation Equipment Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of meteorological equipment operation and maintenance technology, specifically to intelligent operation and maintenance methods and systems for meteorological observation equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the increase in various large-scale business construction projects, more and more new meteorological observation stations are being built. In some areas, the temperature is too low in winter. If the meteorological observation equipment is malfunctioning, the risk of low temperature exposure for personnel who are outdoors for a long time is greatly increased, making equipment maintenance and repair very difficult. Therefore, there is a need for an operation and maintenance method that reduces the risk of low temperature exposure for personnel.

[0003] Existing technology, such as the utility model disclosed in CN206772344U, discloses a gas early warning monitoring data acquisition system, which includes sub-monitoring devices respectively set at each monitoring point. Each sub-monitoring device includes a data acquisition system, operating environment monitoring equipment, a gas monitoring analyzer, a meteorological data acquisition device, and a wireless transmitter. The operating environment monitoring equipment is connected to the data acquisition system via an analog interface. The data acquisition system is connected to the gas monitoring analyzer via a first digital interface, to the meteorological data acquisition device via a second digital interface, and to the early warning center station via the wireless transmitter. This utility model can realize the acquisition of data from different manufacturers, different types of monitoring instruments and equipment, and different types of data, achieving comprehensive data analysis and processing, early warning information dissemination, operation and maintenance, and remote system control. It can also meet the requirements of stable and secure data transmission, as well as the software application needs of different system platforms.

[0004] Existing technologies, such as the invention patent disclosed in CN120352959A, describe an IoT-based operation and maintenance management method and system for low-altitude meteorological observation equipment. The system includes: a meteorological sensor array module for collecting low-altitude atmospheric environmental parameters as observation data, including temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, and particulate matter concentration; an IoT communication module for real-time transmission of observation data to an edge computing node module; an edge computing node module for local preprocessing of the raw observation data, including data filtering, outlier removal, and compression; a cloud-based operation and maintenance management platform for storing and analyzing the preprocessed observation data, determining the equipment status based on the analysis results, and generating operation and maintenance instructions based on the equipment status; and a control module for receiving alarm information and remotely controlling the start and stop of the equipment. Through the above technical solution, this invention can improve the safety of low-altitude meteorological observation equipment.

[0005] The above solution publicly integrates multiple ports to achieve the connection of multiple ports, reducing the complexity and redundancy of device connection, and specifically discloses the use of observation data from various meteorological data to process the equipment status, and then generate operation and maintenance instructions based on the equipment status to realize the remote start and stop of the equipment.

[0006] However, existing technologies treat wireless transmission, serial port conversion, and device debugging as multiple independent processes, lacking an integrated design. As a result, system coordination is complex, operation steps are fragmented, and a user-friendly "plug-and-play, automatic identification, and intuitive display" experience cannot be achieved. This fails to meet the urgent needs for maintenance efficiency and ease of operation in harsh environments or emergency situations, and also fails to enhance the intelligence of equipment maintenance.

[0007] Meanwhile, in low-temperature environments, operators face the risk of exposure to low temperatures when connecting and maintaining outdoor ports. It is necessary to select the deployment and maintenance solutions with the lowest risk. However, existing technologies do not take into account the risk of low-temperature exposure for operators, which leads to uncontrolled risks to personnel life safety and poses huge safety hazards. In addition, in low-temperature environments, personnel operation is characterized by inefficiency and high error rate, resulting in insufficient connection stability, reduced reliability of meteorological observation, increased equipment wear and manpower costs, and failure to reduce maintenance costs. It is also unable to adapt to and meet the maintenance needs in actual winter low-temperature scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the present invention aims to provide an intelligent operation and maintenance method and system for meteorological observation equipment.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In the first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent operation and maintenance method for meteorological observation equipment, including the following steps: S1, integrated unit design and deployment: design integrated units with various interface forms, construct a sealed test chamber, conduct low-temperature deployment tests of the integrated units in the test chamber, collect low-temperature deployment test data, process the low-temperature deployment test data, and generate integrated unit deployment schemes under various low-temperature gradients.

[0010] S2. Database Construction: Perform operation and maintenance simulations on abnormal events under various low temperature gradients, obtain operation and maintenance simulation data, perform data analysis, and build an integrated operation and maintenance database.

[0011] S3. Intelligent Operation and Maintenance: Deploy integrated units in the target low-temperature area, acquire temperature and actual operation data of the target low-temperature area, and use the operation and maintenance database to carry out intelligent operation and maintenance of integrated units and meteorological observation equipment.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention provides an intelligent operation and maintenance system for meteorological observation equipment, including: an integrated unit design and deployment module, used to design integrated units with various interface forms, and to construct a sealed test chamber, to conduct low-temperature deployment tests of the integrated units in the test chamber, to collect low-temperature deployment test data, and to process the low-temperature deployment test data to generate integrated unit deployment schemes under various low-temperature gradients.

[0013] The database construction module is used to simulate operations and maintenance for abnormal events under various low temperature gradients, obtain operation and maintenance simulation data, perform data analysis, and build an integrated operation and maintenance database.

[0014] The intelligent operation and maintenance module is used to deploy integrated units in the target low-temperature area, acquire temperature and actual operation data of the target low-temperature area, and use the operation and maintenance database to perform intelligent operation and maintenance on the integrated units and meteorological observation equipment.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an intelligent operation and maintenance method and system for meteorological observation equipment. By integrating multi-port fusion, equipment fingerprint recognition, and automatic command parsing functions into a single unit, it greatly enhances the intelligence of equipment maintenance. Focusing on the deployment of outdoor integrated units under low-temperature conditions and the intelligent operation and maintenance of meteorological observation equipment, a sealed test chamber is constructed. Through testing, an integrated unit deployment scheme with low risk of outdoor exposure for operators and stable operation under different low-temperature gradients is selected. Operation and maintenance simulations are performed for abnormal times under different low-temperature gradients, and an operation and maintenance scheme that is simple to control remotely and reduces the risk of outdoor exposure for operators is selected. An integrated operation and maintenance database is constructed and then applied to actual low-temperature environments. This achieves simplicity and stability in the entire process of meteorological observation equipment connection and transmission, ensuring the reliability of meteorological observation, improving the intelligence of operation and maintenance, reducing the risk of outdoor exposure for personnel, reducing personnel life safety risks and safety hazards in outdoor operations, reducing equipment wear and tear and labor costs, and effectively adapting to and meeting the operation and maintenance needs in actual winter low-temperature scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the implementation steps of the method of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the system structure connection of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1. The intelligent operation and maintenance method for meteorological observation equipment includes the following steps: S1. Integrated unit design and deployment: Design integrated units with various interface forms, build a sealed test chamber, conduct low-temperature deployment tests of the integrated units in the test chamber, collect low-temperature deployment test data, process the low-temperature deployment test data, and generate integrated unit deployment schemes under various low-temperature gradients.

[0021] The integrated unit integrates USB, RS232, RS485 ports, and a LoRa wireless port to form a unified hardware interface unit, supporting automatic protocol switching for any combination of ports. The LoRa wireless port is configured with dual-mode communication logic, supporting both cross-interface wireless connections between USB devices and meteorological observation equipment, as well as direct wireless connections between meteorological observation equipment, without the need for additional cables or converters. It has a built-in fingerprint database covering all meteorological observation equipment, containing device model, interface characteristics, communication protocols, etc. After the hardware interface unit establishes a connection with the meteorological observation equipment, it automatically reads the device identification information through a device fingerprint recognition algorithm, matches the corresponding configuration in the database, and completes the automated adaptation of communication parameters and access commands, achieving automation of device identification, parameter matching, command interaction, and data parsing. A paired deployment mode is used to build a dedicated LoRa communication link: one hardware interface unit is connected to the meteorological observation equipment, and the other hardware interface unit is connected to the in-vehicle computer. The link has built-in preset network parameters (including speed, power, and address), and automatically completes pairing and connection after power-on.

[0022] This application integrates USB, RS232, RS485, and LoRa wireless ports, allowing for arbitrary combination and protocol switching. LoRa not only enables connections between USB devices (computers) and RS232 / RS485 devices (meteorological equipment), but also facilitates LoRa wireless connections between meteorological equipment. Furthermore, this application integrates meteorological equipment communication functions via a fingerprint database, requiring no setup and automatically displaying observation data upon connection. In addition, by connecting an integrated unit to outdoor field equipment and another integrated unit to the computer, intelligent wireless interaction is achieved. This application integrates multi-port fusion, device fingerprint recognition, and automatic command parsing, significantly enhancing the intelligence of equipment maintenance and upkeep.

[0023] It should be noted that the interface form includes the interface layout and the interface shape, and the interface shape includes flat rectangles and ellipses, etc.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the low-temperature deployment test includes: S1-1, firstly setting each low-temperature gradient and confirming the reference connection duration of various interface-type integrated units and the limit duration of each low-temperature gradient.

[0025] Preferably, the specific process of S1-1 is as follows: S1-11, with 0℃ as the upper limit benchmark, divide different low temperature gradients. First, set the temperature in the test chamber to 25℃. Several operators enter the test chamber in turn to connect various interface type integration units and meteorological observation settings. Record the connection time of each operator for various interface type integration units and meteorological observation settings, and select the weighted average value as the reference connection time for various interface type integration units.

[0026] In S1-12, after stabilization time > 20 minutes in each low temperature gradient in the control test chamber, simulated tissues are placed in and the appearance and structure of the simulated tissues in each low temperature gradient are observed in real time to determine the limit time of each low temperature gradient.

[0027] It should be noted that images of the simulated tissue's appearance are captured by a camera, and color parameters in the images are obtained using machine vision. When the color parameters are the same as the preset limit color parameter threshold, it indicates that the limit has been reached, and the duration of placement in the test chamber at this point is taken as the limit duration.

[0028] It should be noted that the color parameters are RGB values. The preset extreme color parameter thresholds are critical values ​​set by professionals based on medical frostbite and combined with the environmental acceleration effect of different low temperature gradients in winter and the practical observation conditions of outdoor operation and maintenance. No specific numerical limits are imposed here.

[0029] S1-2. Based on the reference connection duration of the integrated unit for various interface types and the extreme duration of each low temperature gradient, interface connection simulations are performed in the test chamber, and personnel operation data are recorded. After the connection is completed, startup test, connection test, transmission test and continuous operation test are performed respectively, and startup data, connection data, transmission data and continuous operation data are obtained respectively.

[0030] Preferably, the interface connection simulation is carried out in the test chamber. The specific process is as follows: before entering the test chamber, the first operator wears a heat preservation device and monitors the vital signs data before entering, which is recorded as the initial vital signs data; the timing starts from the moment the operator enters the test chamber, the port connection between the meteorological observation equipment and the integrated unit is carried out in the test chamber, and after the connection is completed, the operator immediately leaves the test chamber. The timing stops after the operator has completely left the test chamber, and the vital signs data is monitored again outside the chamber and recorded as the target vital signs data; the entire process in the test chamber is recorded.

[0031] When the operator's timed stay in the test chamber equals the corresponding allowed stay time, even if the connection is not completed, the operator must leave immediately and another operator must take over to continue the connection, repeating this process until the connection is completed.

[0032] It should be noted that the allowable stay time is less than the maximum stay time. The allowable stay time is the maximum stay time minus the time it takes for operators to leave the test chamber, ensuring that operators can safely leave the test chamber. The time it takes for operators to leave the test chamber is determined by recording the time taken for multiple operators to travel from inside the test chamber to outside the test chamber from the meteorological observation equipment when the temperature inside the chamber is 25°C using a timer. The maximum time taken is then selected as the time it takes for operators to leave the test chamber.

[0033] It should be noted that the entire process was recorded using a camera.

[0034] Vital signs data are vital signs parameters that reflect hypothermia injury in individuals, including body temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate. They can be collected using medical devices.

[0035] In the above, the startup test is as follows: First, connect the regulated power supply and disconnect all peripherals (including meteorological observation equipment and computers), leaving only the power supply connected; turn off the module power and let it stand for 30 minutes; turn on the power and start the timer. If the ready light is on, it indicates a successful startup. Record the time taken from power-on to the ready light remaining on as the startup success time. Otherwise, if the light is off, it indicates a startup failure. Repeat this 10 times and count the number of successful startups and the time taken for each successful startup. Divide the number of successful startups by 10 to obtain the startup success rate. Calculate the average startup success time by averaging the times taken for each successful startup.

[0036] After the integrated unit is powered on and running continuously for 20 minutes, the power is suddenly cut off. After 15 minutes of rest, the power is reconnected. If the ready indicator lights up, it indicates that the startup recovery was successful. The time taken from the power being reconnected to the ready indicator remaining lit is recorded as the startup recovery time. Otherwise, if the indicator does not light up, it indicates that the startup recovery failed. This process is repeated 10 times, and the number of successful power-off recoverys and the startup recovery time for each process are recorded. The number of successful power-off recoverys is divided by 10 to obtain the power-off recovery success rate. The startup recovery time for each process is calculated by averaging the average startup recovery time.

[0037] Connection Test: After the integrated unit is powered on and ready, a connection command is triggered on the laptop. If the port indicator light is on, the connection is successful. The time from when the command is issued to when the port indicator light is on is recorded as the connection establishment time. Otherwise, if the light is off, the connection fails. The port connection is disconnected and the connection is retried. This is repeated 5 times. The number of successful connections is counted and then divided by 5 to obtain the connection success rate. At the same time, the connection establishment time in each connection is obtained and then the average port connection establishment time is calculated by averaging.

[0038] After a stable connection is established on the port, the connection is maintained for 1 hour. The computer sends a port status query command every 10 minutes to record the port response status, which includes normal, disconnected, or delayed. The number of interface interruptions is also recorded.

[0039] Transmission Test: Connect the regulated power supply and power on to automatically trigger LoRa pairing. Open the transmission test tool on the computer. If the link indicator light is constantly on, it indicates that the link has been successfully established. Record the time from power-on to the link indicator light being constantly on as the time for successful LoRa link pairing. If the light is off, it indicates that the link establishment has failed. Disconnect the power supply and then power it on again, repeating this process 5 times. Count the number of successful link establishments and the time for each LoRa link to be successfully paired. Divide the number of successful link establishments by 5 to get the link establishment success rate. Calculate the average time for successful pairing of each LoRa link by averaging the results.

[0040] The computer sends a test data packet containing several data points; the transmission delay of each data point is recorded, the total packet loss rate is calculated, and the unit power consumption is recorded synchronously during the test; an electromagnetic interference source and obstruction are placed in a preset location, and the test data packet is transmitted again, and the transmission delay, packet loss rate, and unit power consumption of each data point under interference are calculated; the average transmission delay of each data point is taken as the average transmission delay; the average transmission delay of each data point under interference is taken as the average transmission delay under interference.

[0041] It should be noted that the test data package contains simulated meteorological data, including equipment status codes and observation values.

[0042] Continuous operation test: Connect to a regulated power supply and start up. Run continuously for 1 hour, recording core data, appearance data and indicator status every 15 minutes. During continuous operation, the computer sends a preset error status code once to observe whether the fault warning is activated. If activated, record the duration of the error status code being sent to the fault warning activation as the warning feedback duration.

[0043] The core data includes port connection status and LoRa transmission packet loss rate, while the appearance data includes size and shape images. Indicator light status includes whether the lights are on or off. The appearance data and indicator light status can be obtained by capturing images of the appearance and indicator lights using a camera, leveraging machine vision. The indicator lights include all the lights within the integrated unit.

[0044] Switch to lithium battery power and repeat the operation. Monitor the battery voltage and cell power consumption every 30 minutes until the battery voltage drops to the voltage threshold and the computer shuts down automatically. Record the total battery life. During operation, the laptop sends a preset error status code once. Observe whether the fault warning is activated. If activated, record the warning feedback time.

[0045] Preferably, the personnel operation data includes the percentage of effective operation time, percentage of effective progress, initial vital signs data, and target vital signs data of each operator when connecting various interface-type integrated units at each low temperature gradient.

[0046] It should be noted that the duration and number of steps of each operator's connection operation are obtained from the video recording. The duration of each operator's connection operation is divided by the total time spent in the cabin to obtain the percentage of effective operation time. The number of operation steps is divided by the total number of connection steps to obtain the percentage of effective progress.

[0047] Total number of connection steps: All operators sequentially connect in the test chamber at 25°C. The number of steps and total time for each operator are recorded by a camera. The step with the shortest total time is selected as the total number of connection steps. The step with the shortest total time is also the standard step. All operators need to practice according to the standard step before the test, and the operation steps of all operators remain the same in the actual test.

[0048] The startup data includes the startup success rate, average startup time, power-off recovery success rate, and average startup recovery time for integrated units with various interface types under different low-temperature gradients.

[0049] The connection data includes the average connection success rate, average port connection establishment time, and number of interface interruptions for integrated units with various interface types under different low temperature gradients.

[0050] The transmitted data includes link establishment success rate, average pairing time, average transmission delay, total packet loss rate, unit power consumption, average transmission delay under interference, packet loss rate, and unit power consumption when integrating units with various interface types under different low temperature gradients.

[0051] The continuous operating data includes: core data, appearance data, indicator light status, fault warning activation status, warning feedback duration, battery voltage, unit power consumption, and total battery life monitored at various interface types under different low temperature gradients and lithium battery power supply conditions.

[0052] S1-3. Low-temperature deployment test data includes personnel operation data, startup data, connection data, transmission data, and continuous operation data.

[0053] In one specific embodiment, the specific process of processing the low-temperature deployment test data is as follows: using initial vital sign data and target vital sign data, assessing the safety level of low-temperature exposure.

[0054] The specific process for assessing the safety level of low-temperature exposure is as follows: the difference between the initial vital signs data and the target vital signs data is divided by the initial vital signs data to obtain the rate of change of vital signs. The reference rate of change of vital signs intervals corresponding to each preset safety level of low-temperature exposure is compared with the rate of change of vital signs. The low-temperature exposure safety level of the reference rate of change of vital signs interval in which the rate of change of vital signs falls is taken as the low-temperature exposure safety level.

[0055] It should be noted that the reference rate of change of vital signs corresponding to each low temperature exposure safety level is a reference range set by professionals based on medical frostbite as the core basis, combined with the environmental acceleration effect of different low temperature gradients in winter and the practical observation conditions of outdoor operation and maintenance. No specific numerical limit is set here.

[0056] The average percentage of effective operation time, effective progress, and low-temperature exposure safety level of each operator when connecting integrated units with various interface types under each low-temperature gradient are calculated to obtain the average percentage of effective operation time, average percentage of effective progress, and average low-temperature exposure safety level when connecting integrated units with various interface types under each low-temperature gradient.

[0057] Simultaneously, the number of operators connecting various interface-type integrated units at each low temperature gradient is counted, and then substituted into the operation evaluation model to output the operation characteristic values ​​of connecting various interface-type integrated units at each low temperature gradient.

[0058] In the above, the number of operators, the average percentage of effective operation time, the average percentage of effective progress, and the average safety level of low temperature exposure are normalized to the range of 0 to 1. The expression of the operation evaluation model is: Operation characteristic value = Number of operators × 0.15 + Average percentage of effective operation time × 0.2 + Average percentage of effective progress × 0.2 + Average safety level of low temperature exposure × 0.45.

[0059] Using startup data, connection data, transmission data, and continuous operation data, the operating characteristic values ​​of integrated units with various interface types under each low temperature gradient are calculated.

[0060] The above describes the analysis process of the running characteristic value: the startup data is compared with the preset startup data qualified range. If the startup data is within the preset startup data qualified range, the startup is deemed qualified and the startup characteristic value is output as 1; otherwise, the startup is deemed unsuccessful and the startup characteristic value is output as 0. In accordance with the analysis method of the startup characteristic value, the connection characteristic value, transmission characteristic value and continuous operation characteristic value are obtained. Then, the average value of the startup characteristic value, connection characteristic value, transmission characteristic value and continuous operation characteristic value is used as the running characteristic value.

[0061] It should be noted that the acceptable range of startup data is set by the operations and maintenance personnel according to their operational needs, and no specific numerical limit is set here.

[0062] The comprehensive index of integrated units with various interface types under each low temperature gradient = operation characteristic value × 0.6 + operating characteristic value × 0.4.

[0063] The interface type integration unit with the largest comprehensive index under each low temperature gradient is selected as the preferred interface type integration unit. The operation data of the preferred interface type integration unit under each low temperature gradient is obtained to optimize the rotation of operators. The optimized rotation and preferred interface type integration unit are used as the integration unit deployment scheme.

[0064] The above optimization of operator rotation involves the following steps: Extracting the operational characteristic values ​​of the preferred interface-type integrated unit under each low-temperature gradient, and the operational characteristic values ​​of each interface-type integrated unit under each low-temperature gradient. If the operational characteristic value of the preferred interface-type integrated unit is the largest under the same temperature gradient, no optimization is needed; the number of operators and the allowed stay time for the preferred interface-type integrated unit are the optimal rotation scheme. If the operational characteristic value of the preferred interface-type integrated unit under the same temperature gradient is not the largest among the operational characteristic values ​​of all interface-type integrated units, then the number of operators in the interface-type integrated unit with the largest operational characteristic value is selected as the optimal number of operators. Simultaneously, if the average low-temperature exposure safety level of the preferred interface-type integrated unit is not the largest among the average low-temperature exposure safety levels of all interface-type integrated units, then the allowed stay time is shortened by 20%. If it is, then the allowed stay time remains unchanged, thus completing the rotation optimization.

[0065] S2. Database Construction: Perform operation and maintenance simulations on abnormal events under various low temperature gradients, obtain operation and maintenance simulation data, perform data analysis, and build an integrated operation and maintenance database.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, the specific process of constructing the integrated operation and maintenance database is as follows: simulating 25°C in the test chamber, the connection between the preferred interface form integration unit and the meteorological observation equipment under each low temperature gradient is completed at this temperature. After the connection is completed, startup test, connection test, transmission test and continuous operation test are performed to obtain initial startup data, initial connection data, initial transmission data and initial continuous operation data respectively.

[0067] The temperature of the test chamber was reduced to each low temperature gradient and stabilized for 1 hour. Then, startup test, connection test, transmission test and continuous operation test were performed. Startup data, connection data, transmission data and continuous operation data were obtained before the test. The difference rate between the pre-test and initial operation was calculated. If the difference rate was less than 5%, the test continued. Otherwise, the test was stopped and the connection was re-established until the difference rate was less than 5%.

[0068] It should be noted that the difference between the pre-test startup data and the initial startup data is divided by the initial startup data to obtain the startup difference rate. Then, according to the calculation method of the startup difference rate, the connection difference rate, transmission difference rate, and continuous operation difference rate are obtained. Finally, the average of the startup difference rate, connection difference rate, transmission difference rate, and continuous operation difference rate is used as the pre-test and initial operation difference rates.

[0069] Various abnormal events under different low-temperature gradients were simulated in the test chamber, and the operational data sets of each abnormal event were collected. Then, several maintenance operations were performed: First, the operator remotely controlled the operation via computer and recorded the remote control data. If the remote operation failed, the operation was switched to on-site operation. The operator, equipped with an insulation device, repaired the abnormality in the test chamber. After the repair was completed, the operation and repair data were recorded. If the remote operation was successful, no on-site operation was required. This process was repeated to simulate each maintenance operation and to obtain the remote control data and operation and repair data for each operation and maintenance, which were then used as maintenance test data.

[0070] It should be noted that abnormal events include meteorological observation equipment failures, icing of integrated ports, and power supply voltage fluctuations. The operating data are quantitative parameters reflecting the abnormalities, including the operating power consumption, temperature, and voltage of the meteorological observation equipment, which can be collected using power meters, thermometers, and voltage testers.

[0071] During remote operation, the computer records all operation data and collects remote control data. During on-site operation, the camera records the entire process, and then machine vision is used to acquire operation and repair data.

[0072] After each abnormal event is triggered, the values ​​of multiple running data are collected at a fixed frequency, and then the running data set is compiled.

[0073] Based on the operation and maintenance test data of each abnormal event under each low temperature gradient, the operation and maintenance plan for each abnormal event under each low temperature gradient is selected. The operation data set of each abnormal event under each low temperature gradient and the operation and maintenance plan constitute an integrated operation and maintenance database.

[0074] In another specific embodiment, the selection method for the operation and maintenance scheme of each abnormal event under each low temperature gradient is as follows: the remote control data includes the operation steps, operation time and remote operation results of each control; the operation repair data includes the total number of operation repair steps, the number of operator rotations for operation repair, the percentage of effective repair time per person, the percentage of repair progress per person and the total repair time.

[0075] It should be noted that the analysis methods for the percentage of effective repair time per person, the percentage of effective repair progress per person and the percentage of effective operation time, and the percentage of effective progress are the same, and will not be repeated here.

[0076] First, using remote control data, calculate the remote control characteristic value of each maintenance operation. Then, using operation and repair data, calculate the on-site repair characteristic value of each maintenance operation. The maintenance characteristic value of each maintenance operation is calculated as follows: remote control characteristic value × 0.6 + on-site repair characteristic value × 0.4.

[0077] It should be noted that if the remote operation is successful, the on-site repair feature value will be directly assigned the value of 1.

[0078] Preferably, the number of operation steps and operation time of each control are normalized to the range of 0 to 1; if the remote operation result is successful, the remote operation index is output as 1, otherwise it is 0, and the remote control feature value = 1 - (number of operation steps × 0.2 + operation time × 0.3) + remote operation index × 0.6.

[0079] The total number of operation and repair steps, the number of operator rotations, and the total repair time are normalized to the range of 0 to 1. The on-site repair characteristic value = percentage of effective repair time per person × 0.3 + percentage of repair progress per person × 0.2 + max(0, min(1 - total number of operation and repair steps × 0.2 - number of operator rotations × 0.15 - total repair time × 0.15, 1).

[0080] The operation and maintenance feature with the largest value is selected as the best operation and maintenance. The operation steps and results of each control are obtained from the remote control data of the best operation and maintenance. If the remote operation result is successful, the operation and maintenance plan is the operation steps of each control. If it fails, the operation and maintenance steps of each operator for operation repair are obtained from the operation and maintenance data of the best operation and maintenance. The operation steps of each control and the operation and maintenance steps of each operator for operation repair are used as the operation and maintenance plan.

[0081] S3. Intelligent Operation and Maintenance: Deploy integrated units in the target low-temperature area, acquire temperature and actual operation data of the target low-temperature area, and use the operation and maintenance database to carry out intelligent operation and maintenance of integrated units and meteorological observation equipment.

[0082] In a specific embodiment, the intelligent operation and maintenance of the integrated unit and meteorological observation equipment is carried out as follows: the temperature of the target low-temperature area is compared with each low-temperature gradient in the integrated operation and maintenance database to obtain the low-temperature gradient of the target low-temperature area; then, the set of operational data of each abnormal event in the corresponding low-temperature gradient of the target low-temperature area is extracted from the integrated operation and maintenance database and compared with the actual operational data of the target low-temperature area; the abnormal event in the set of operational data where the actual operational data is located is taken as the abnormal event of the target low-temperature area; then, the operation and maintenance plan for the abnormal event is extracted from the integrated operation and maintenance database and sent to the operation and maintenance terminal for intelligent operation and maintenance.

[0083] It should be noted that if the remote operation result in the operation and maintenance plan is successful, the operation steps of each control operation will be directly sent to the operation and maintenance terminal to prompt the personnel to perform the operation. If the operation and maintenance plan includes operation repair, the operation steps of each operator in the operation repair will be extracted and sent to the operation and maintenance terminal to prompt the personnel to perform on-site operation.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 2. The intelligent operation and maintenance system for meteorological observation equipment includes: an integrated unit design and deployment module, which is used to design integrated units with various interface forms, build a sealed test chamber, conduct low-temperature deployment tests of integrated units in the test chamber, collect low-temperature deployment test data, process the low-temperature deployment test data, and generate integrated unit deployment schemes under various low-temperature gradients.

[0085] The database construction module is used to simulate operations and maintenance for abnormal events under various low temperature gradients, obtain operation and maintenance simulation data, perform data analysis, and build an integrated operation and maintenance database.

[0086] The intelligent operation and maintenance module is used to deploy integrated units in the target low-temperature area, acquire temperature and actual operation data of the target low-temperature area, and use the operation and maintenance database to perform intelligent operation and maintenance on the integrated units and meteorological observation equipment.

[0087] The examples described in this invention are not limited to the specific embodiments listed above. The examples are merely illustrative to facilitate understanding of the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection.

[0088] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined in this specification, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent operation and maintenance method for meteorological observation equipment, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: S1. Integrated Unit Design and Deployment: Design integrated units with various interface types, construct a sealed test chamber, conduct low-temperature deployment tests of the integrated units in the test chamber, collect low-temperature deployment test data, process the low-temperature deployment test data, and generate integrated unit deployment schemes for each low-temperature gradient; S2. Database Construction: Simulate operation and maintenance for abnormal events under each low-temperature gradient, obtain operation and maintenance simulation data, perform data analysis, and construct an integrated operation and maintenance database; S3. Intelligent Operation and Maintenance: Deploy integrated units in the target low-temperature area, obtain temperature and actual operating data of the target low-temperature area, and use the operation and maintenance database to perform intelligent operation and maintenance on the integrated units and meteorological observation equipment.

2. The intelligent operation and maintenance method for meteorological observation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature deployment test includes the following steps: S1-1, First, set up each low-temperature gradient and confirm the reference connection duration and the limit duration of each low-temperature gradient for the integrated units of various interface types; S1-2, Based on the reference connection duration and the limit duration of each low-temperature gradient for the integrated units of various interface types, simulate interface connections in the test chamber and record personnel operation data. After the connection is completed, perform startup tests, connection tests, transmission tests, and continuous operation tests, and obtain startup data, connection data, transmission data, and continuous operation data respectively; S1-3, The low-temperature deployment test data includes personnel operation data, startup data, connection data, transmission data, and continuous operation data.

3. The intelligent operation and maintenance method for meteorological observation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific process of S1-1 is as follows: S1-11, with 0℃ as the upper limit benchmark, different low temperature gradients are divided. First, the temperature in the test chamber is set to 25℃. Several operators enter the test chamber in turn to connect various interface-type integration units and meteorological observation settings. The connection time of each operator's various interface-type integration units and meteorological observation settings is recorded, and the weighted average value is selected as the reference connection time of various interface-type integration units; S1-12, after the stable time in each low temperature gradient in the test chamber is >20 minutes, simulated tissue is placed in, and the appearance and structure of the simulated tissue in each low temperature gradient are observed in real time to determine the limit time of each low temperature gradient.

4. The intelligent operation and maintenance method for meteorological observation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interface connection simulation in the test chamber is as follows: Before entering the test chamber, the first operator wears a thermal insulation device and monitors their vital signs before entering, which are recorded as initial vital signs data. Timing begins when the operator enters the test chamber. Inside the test chamber, the meteorological observation equipment is connected to the port of the integrated unit. After the connection is completed, the operator immediately leaves the test chamber. Timing stops after the operator has completely left the test chamber, and vital signs data are monitored again outside the chamber and recorded as target vital signs data. The entire process inside the test chamber is recorded. When the operator's timed stay inside the test chamber equals the corresponding allowed stay time (maximum duration), even if the connection is not completed, the operator must leave immediately and another operator will continue the connection process. This process is repeated until the connection is completed.

5. The intelligent operation and maintenance method for meteorological observation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The personnel operation data includes the percentage of effective operation time, percentage of effective progress, initial vital signs data, and target vital signs data of each operator when connecting integrated units with various interface types under different low temperature gradients; the startup data includes the startup success rate, average startup time, power outage recovery success rate, and average startup recovery time of integrated units with various interface types under different low temperature gradients; the connection data includes the average connection success rate, average port connection establishment time, and number of interface interruptions of integrated units with various interface types under different low temperature gradients; the transmission data includes the link establishment success rate, average pairing time, average transmission delay, total packet loss rate, unit power consumption, average transmission delay under interference, packet loss rate, and unit power consumption of integrated units with various interface types under different low temperature gradients; the continuous operation data includes the core data, appearance data, indicator light status, whether the fault warning is activated, warning feedback duration, battery voltage, unit power consumption, and total battery life monitored at each time when powered by lithium battery, under both voltage regulation and lithium battery power supply conditions under different low temperature gradients.

6. The intelligent operation and maintenance method for meteorological observation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific process for processing the low-temperature deployment test data is as follows: Using initial and target vital sign data, assess the low-temperature exposure safety level; calculate the average percentage of effective operation time, effective progress, and low-temperature exposure safety level for each operator when connecting various interface-type integrated units at each low-temperature gradient, obtaining the average percentage of effective operation time, average percentage of effective progress, and average low-temperature exposure safety level for each low-temperature gradient; simultaneously, count the number of operators connecting various interface-type integrated units at each low-temperature gradient, then substitute this count into the operation evaluation model to output the operation characteristic values ​​for connecting various interface-type integrated units at each low-temperature gradient; using startup data, connection data, transmission data, and continuous operation data, calculate the operation characteristic values ​​for various interface-type integrated units at each low-temperature gradient. The comprehensive index of integrated units with various interface types under each low temperature gradient is calculated as: operation characteristic value × 0.6 + operation characteristic value × 0.

4. The integrated unit with the largest comprehensive index under each low temperature gradient is selected as the preferred integrated unit. The operation data of the preferred integrated unit under each low temperature gradient is obtained to optimize the rotation of operators. The optimized rotation and preferred integrated unit are used as the deployment scheme for integrated units.

7. The intelligent operation and maintenance method for meteorological observation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific process for constructing the integrated operation and maintenance database is as follows: Simulate 25°C in the test chamber. At this temperature, complete the connection between the optimized interface type integrated unit and the meteorological observation equipment under each low-temperature gradient. After connection, perform startup tests, connection tests, transmission tests, and continuous operation tests, acquiring initial startup data, initial connection data, initial transmission data, and initial continuous operation data respectively. Then, lower the temperature of the test chamber to each low-temperature gradient and stabilize for 1 hour. Perform startup tests, connection tests, transmission tests, and continuous operation tests again, acquiring pre-test startup data, pre-test connection data, pre-test transmission data, and pre-test continuous operation data respectively. Calculate the difference rate between pre-test and initial operation data. If the difference rate < If the difference rate is less than 5%, continue testing; otherwise, stop testing and reconnect until the difference rate is less than 5%. Simulate various abnormal events under different low-temperature gradients in the test chamber, and collect the operational data sets of each abnormal event. Then, perform several maintenance operations: First, the operator remotely controls the operation via computer and records the remote control data. If the remote operation fails, switch to on-site operation. The operator, equipped with an insulation device, performs anomaly repair in the test chamber. After the repair is completed, record the operation repair data. If the remote operation is successful, no on-site operation is required. This process simulates each maintenance operation and obtains the remote control data and operation repair data for each maintenance operation as maintenance test data. Based on the operation and maintenance test data of each abnormal event under each low temperature gradient, the operation and maintenance plan for each abnormal event under each low temperature gradient is selected. The operation data set of each abnormal event under each low temperature gradient and the operation and maintenance plan constitute an integrated operation and maintenance database.

8. The intelligent operation and maintenance method for meteorological observation equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The selection method for the operation and maintenance scheme of each abnormal event under each low temperature gradient is as follows: Remote control data includes the operation steps, operation time, and remote operation results of each control operation; operation repair data includes the total number of operation repair steps, the number of operator rotations for operation repair, the percentage of effective repair time per person, the percentage of repair progress per person, and the total repair time. First, the remote control characteristic value of each operation and maintenance operation is calculated using the remote control data. Then, the on-site repair characteristic value of each operation and maintenance operation is calculated using the operation repair data. The operation and maintenance characteristic value of each operation and maintenance operation is calculated as follows: Operation and maintenance characteristic value = remote control characteristic value × 0.6 + on-site repair characteristic value × 0.

4. The operation and maintenance operation with the largest operation and maintenance characteristic value is selected as the best operation and maintenance operation. The operation steps and remote operation results of each control operation are obtained from the remote control data of the best operation and maintenance operation. If the remote operation result is successful, the operation and maintenance scheme is the operation steps of each control operation. If the result is unsuccessful, the operation steps of each operator for operation repair are obtained from the operation repair data of the best operation and maintenance operation. The operation steps of each control operation and the operation steps of each operator for operation repair are used as the operation and maintenance scheme.

9. The intelligent operation and maintenance method for meteorological observation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of intelligent operation and maintenance of the integrated unit and meteorological observation equipment is as follows: the temperature of the target low temperature area is compared with the low temperature gradients in the integrated operation and maintenance database to obtain the low temperature gradient of the target low temperature area. Then, the set of operational data of each abnormal event in the corresponding low temperature gradient of the target low temperature area is extracted from the integrated operation and maintenance database and compared with the actual operational data of the target low temperature area. The abnormal event in the set of operational data where the actual operational data is located is taken as the abnormal event of the target low temperature area. Then, the operation and maintenance plan of the abnormal event is extracted from the integrated operation and maintenance database and sent to the operation and maintenance terminal for intelligent operation and maintenance.

10. A system implemented using the intelligent operation and maintenance method for meteorological observation equipment according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The integrated unit design and deployment module is used to design integrated units with various interface forms, build a sealed test chamber, conduct low-temperature deployment tests of the integrated units in the test chamber, collect low-temperature deployment test data, process the low-temperature deployment test data, and generate integrated unit deployment schemes under various low-temperature gradients. The database construction module is used to simulate operations and maintenance for abnormal events under various low temperature gradients, obtain operation and maintenance simulation data, perform data analysis, and build an integrated operation and maintenance database. The intelligent operation and maintenance module is used to deploy integrated units in the target low-temperature area, acquire temperature and actual operation data of the target low-temperature area, and use the operation and maintenance database to perform intelligent operation and maintenance on the integrated units and meteorological observation equipment.

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