Morchella esculenta cultivation method and nutrition bag thereof
By using low-temperature mycelium growth in cold storage and temperature control in greenhouses, combined with a specific nutrient package composition, the problems of early sowing and high-temperature infection of morel mushrooms were solved, enabling earlier market entry and increased yield of morel mushrooms. The addition of Artemisia annua further enhanced the yield.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LANXI JUNLIAN ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
Morel mushrooms are susceptible to contamination by other fungi when sown in high-temperature environments, leading to crop failure. This makes it difficult to achieve early sowing and early market availability, and existing cultivation methods are not conducive to increasing yield.
After mycelium has been grown in a cold storage at 10-14℃ for 50-70 days, the temperature of the cold storage is adjusted to 3-5℃ for 10-21 days. Then, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled at 15-20℃ to promote mushroom growth. The nutrient package consists of 70% wheat, 10% rice husk, 15% corn cob, 4% soybean meal, and 1% lime. The low temperature conditions promote mycelium expansion and cap growth.
This enabled earlier sowing and market availability of morel mushrooms, significantly increasing yield. Furthermore, the addition of Artemisia annua facilitated synergistic production increases, ensuring that morel mushrooms could be sown in September and marketed in January, thereby increasing growers' income.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of edible fungi cultivation technology, specifically relating to a method for cultivating morel mushrooms and its nutrient package. Background Technology
[0002] Morel mushrooms [Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers.] are fungi belonging to the family Morchicaceae and the genus Morchella. The cap is nearly spherical, ovoid to elliptical, reaching up to 10 cm in height, with a blunt, rounded apex and pitted surfaces resembling a sheep's stomach. The pits are eggshell-colored to pale yellowish-brown, while the ridges are lighter in color. The stipe is nearly cylindrical, almost white, hollow, and cylindrical. The spores are oblong, colorless, with enlarged paraphyses at the tips. The mushroom is light and brittle.
[0003] Morel mushrooms are a low-temperature variety, typically sown in mid-to-late November, with fruiting occurring in February or March. To reach the market early and fetch a good price before the Lunar New Year, many growers try to sow early. However, when soil temperatures exceed 20°C, morel mushrooms are highly susceptible to contamination by other microorganisms, easily leading to complete crop failure. From late October to early November, the air temperature fluctuates wildly, and soil temperatures remain above 20°C, which is unfavorable for morel mushroom cultivation. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, so as to achieve early sowing, early market access and increased yield of morel mushrooms.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
[0006] A method for cultivating morel mushrooms includes the following steps: incubating the mycelium in a cold storage at 10-14℃ for 50-70 days, then adjusting the temperature of the cold storage to 3-5℃ for 10-21 days; transferring the mushrooms to a greenhouse, watering them thoroughly, and controlling the temperature at 15-20℃ to promote fruiting.
[0007] The morel cultivation method provided by the present invention preferably includes the following steps:
[0008] S1. Spawning: Sterilize the soil and put it into a basket, inoculate it with morel mushroom spawn, and spawn it in a cold storage at 10-14℃ for 50-70 days. Then adjust the temperature of the cold storage to 3-5℃ and spawn it for another 10-21 days. On the 5th to 10th day after inoculation, put the nutrient pack into the basket.
[0009] S2. Mushroom growth: Move the baskets into the greenhouse, water them thoroughly, and control the temperature at 15-20℃ and the relative humidity at 75-95% to promote mushroom growth; a large number of primordia will appear in 12-16 days, and small mushrooms will successfully differentiate in another 4-6 days. The first harvest of morel mushrooms will be carried out in another 20-25 days, and the second harvest of morel mushrooms will be carried out after another 28-32 days of cultivation.
[0010] In the morel cultivation method provided by the present invention, more preferably, in step S1, the morel is incubated in a cold storage at 13°C for 60 days, and then the temperature of the cold storage is adjusted to 5°C for another 15 days.
[0011] In the morel mushroom cultivation method provided by the present invention, more preferably, the nutrient package is composed of, by weight percentage: 70% wheat, 10% rice husk, 15% corn cob, 4% soybean meal and 1% lime.
[0012] In the morel cultivation method provided by the present invention, more preferably, the nutrient package is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 70% wheat, 10% rice husk, 13-14.5% corn cob, 4% soybean meal, 1% lime, and 0.5-2% artemisia annua.
[0013] In the morel cultivation method provided by the present invention, the nutrient package is further preferably composed of the following components by weight percentage: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 14%, soybean meal 4%, lime 1%, and artemisia annua 1%.
[0014] In the morel cultivation method provided by the present invention, more preferably, the soil is silt; the silt is treated by drying it in May, spraying it with water to moisten it in August, and then covering it with a film and piling it up for sterilization.
[0015] Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a nutrient package for morel cultivation to increase the yield of morel mushrooms.
[0016] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
[0017] A nutrient package for morel cultivation consists of the following raw materials by weight percentage: 70% wheat, 10% rice husks, 15% corn cobs, 4% soybean meal, and 1% lime.
[0018] The nutrient package for morel cultivation provided by the present invention preferably consists of the following raw materials in weight percentage: 70% wheat, 10% rice husk, 13-14.5% corn cob, 4% soybean meal, 1% lime and 0.5-2% artemisia annua.
[0019] In the nutrient package for morel cultivation provided by the present invention, it is more preferably composed of the following raw materials in weight percentage: 70% wheat, 10% rice husk, 14% corn cob, 4% soybean meal, 1% lime and 1% artemisia annua.
[0020] After the above-mentioned nutrient packs are packaged, they are placed in an atmospheric pressure sterilizer for sterilization. When the temperature in the sterilizer reaches 100°C, it is maintained for 13 hours. After cooling to 20°C, they can be placed in a basket.
[0021] By employing the above technical solution, the mycelium is first incubated in a cold storage at 10–14℃ for 50–70 days, and then the temperature is adjusted to 3–5℃ for another 10–21 days. This significantly increases the yield of morel mushrooms, and the low temperature of 3–5℃ also promotes mycelial enlargement and cap growth. Adding 0.5–2% Artemisia annua to the nutrient package has a synergistic effect on yield increase. This method of incubating morel mushrooms in a cold storage at 10–14℃ for 50–70 days, followed by adjusting the temperature to 3–5℃ for another 10–21 days, allows morel mushrooms to be sown in September and harvested in January, enabling earlier market entry. Since morel mushrooms command higher prices in January, this effectively increases growers' income. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that these descriptions are for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0023] Example 1
[0024] This embodiment provides a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0025] S1. In May, the silt from washing sand in the Qujiang River is dried in the sun. In August, it is sprayed with water to moisten it, then covered with a film and piled up to sterilize it. On September 20, it is packed into baskets with a length of 45cm, a width of 35cm, and a height of 10cm, with 20kg in each basket.
[0026] S2. Inoculate with G8 morel spawn and place the basket in a cold storage at a temperature of 14℃ and a humidity of 70-80% for 50 days for mycelial growth. Then, on November 10, adjust the cold storage temperature to 5℃ and the humidity to 70-85% for another 20 days for mycelial growth. On the 7th day after inoculation (September 27), put a nutrient pack into the basket. The composition of the nutrient pack by weight percentage is: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 15%, soybean meal 4%, and lime 1%.
[0027] S3. Fruiting: On December 10th, move the baskets into the greenhouse, water thoroughly, and control the temperature at 20℃ and relative humidity at 85-95% to promote fruiting. A large number of primordia appear on December 22nd, and small mushrooms successfully differentiate on December 26th. The first harvest of morel mushrooms is on January 16th, with 43-51 mushrooms per basket. The second harvest is on February 16th, with 35-49 morel mushrooms per basket.
[0028] Example 2
[0029] This embodiment provides a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0030] S1. In May, the silt from washing sand in the Qujiang River is dried in the sun. In August, it is sprayed with water to moisten it, then covered with a film and piled up to sterilize it. On September 20, it is packed into baskets with a length of 45cm, a width of 35cm, and a height of 10cm, with 20kg in each basket.
[0031] S2. Inoculate with G8 morel spawn, place the basket in a cold storage at 10℃ and 60-75% humidity for 70 days to allow the spawn to grow. Then, on November 30, adjust the cold storage temperature to 3℃ and the humidity to 75-85% for another 10 days to allow the spawn to grow. On the 7th day after inoculation (September 27), put a nutrient pack into the basket. The composition of the nutrient pack by weight percentage is: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 15%, soybean meal 4%, and lime 1%.
[0032] S3. Fruiting: On December 10th, move the baskets into the greenhouse, water thoroughly, and control the temperature at 15℃ and the relative humidity at 80-90% to promote fruiting; a large number of primordia appear on December 25th, and small mushrooms successfully differentiate on December 29th. The first harvest of morel mushrooms is on January 19th, with 38-50 mushrooms per basket; the second harvest is on February 20th, with 45-52 mushrooms per basket.
[0033] Example 3
[0034] This embodiment provides a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0035] S1. In May, the silt from washing sand in the Qujiang River is dried in the sun. In August, it is sprayed with water to moisten it, then covered with a film and piled up to sterilize it. On September 20, it is packed into baskets with a length of 45cm, a width of 35cm, and a height of 10cm, with 20kg in each basket.
[0036] S2. Inoculate with G8 morel spawn, place the basket in a cold storage at 12℃ and 60-80% humidity for 60 days to allow the spawn to grow. Then adjust the temperature of the cold storage to 5℃ and the humidity to 70-85% for another 15 days to allow the spawn to grow. On the 7th day after inoculation (September 27), put a nutrient pack into the basket. The composition of the nutrient pack by weight percentage is: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 15%, soybean meal 4%, and lime 1%.
[0037] S3. Mushroom Development: On December 5th, move the baskets into the greenhouse, water thoroughly, and control the temperature at 18℃ and the relative humidity at 75-95% to promote mushroom growth; a large number of primordia appear on December 18th, and small mushrooms successfully differentiate on December 24th. The first harvest of morel mushrooms is on January 15th, with 40-50 mushrooms per basket; the second harvest of morel mushrooms is on February 14th, with 41-50 mushrooms per basket.
[0038] Example 4
[0039] This embodiment provides a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0040] S1. In May, the silt from washing sand in the Qujiang River is dried in the sun. In August, it is sprayed with water to moisten it, then covered with a film and piled up to sterilize it. On September 20, it is packed into baskets with a length of 45cm, a width of 35cm, and a height of 10cm, with 20kg in each basket.
[0041] S2. Inoculate with G8 morel spawn, place the basket in a cold storage at 12℃ and 60-80% humidity for 60 days to allow the spawn to grow. Then adjust the cold storage temperature to 5℃ and humidity to 70-85% for another 15 days to allow the spawn to grow. On the 7th day after inoculation (September 27), put a nutrient pack into the basket. The composition of the nutrient pack by weight percentage is: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 14.5%, soybean meal 4%, lime 1%, and artemisia annua 0.5%.
[0042] S3. Fruiting: On December 5th, move the baskets into the greenhouse, water thoroughly, and control the temperature at 18℃ and relative humidity at 75-95% to promote fruiting; a large number of primordia appear on December 20th, and small mushrooms successfully differentiate on December 25th. The first harvest of morel mushrooms is on January 15th, with 50-58 mushrooms per basket; the second harvest of morel mushrooms is on February 14th, with 43-51 mushrooms per basket.
[0043] Example 5
[0044] This embodiment provides a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0045] S1. In May, the silt from washing sand in the Qujiang River is dried in the sun. In August, it is sprayed with water to moisten it, then covered with a film and piled up to sterilize it. On September 20, it is packed into baskets with a length of 45cm, a width of 35cm, and a height of 10cm, with 20kg in each basket.
[0046] S2. Inoculate with G8 morel spawn, place the basket in a cold storage at 12℃ and 60-80% humidity for 60 days to allow the spawn to grow. Then adjust the cold storage temperature to 5℃ and humidity to 70-85% for another 15 days to allow the spawn to grow. On the 7th day after inoculation (September 27), put a nutrient pack into the basket. The composition of the nutrient pack by weight percentage is: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 14%, soybean meal 4%, lime 1%, and artemisia annua 1%.
[0047] S3. Mushroom Production: On December 5th, move the baskets into the greenhouse, water thoroughly, and control the temperature at 18℃ and the relative humidity at 75-95% to promote mushroom growth; a large number of primordia appear on December 20th, and small mushrooms successfully differentiate on December 25th. The first harvest of morel mushrooms is on January 15th, with 51-68 mushrooms per basket; the second harvest is on February 14th, with 47-56 mushrooms per basket.
[0048] Example 6
[0049] This embodiment provides a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0050] S1. In May, the silt from washing sand in the Qujiang River is dried in the sun. In August, it is sprayed with water to moisten it, then covered with a film and piled up to sterilize it. On September 20, it is packed into baskets with a length of 45cm, a width of 35cm, and a height of 10cm, with 20kg in each basket.
[0051] S2. Inoculate with G8 morel spawn, place the basket in a cold storage at 12℃ and 60-80% humidity for 60 days to allow the spawn to grow. Then adjust the cold storage temperature to 5℃ and humidity to 70-85% for another 15 days to allow the spawn to grow. On the 7th day after inoculation (September 27), put a nutrient pack into the basket. The composition of the nutrient pack by weight percentage is: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 13%, soybean meal 4%, lime 1%, and artemisia annua 2%.
[0052] S3. Fruiting: On December 5th, move the baskets into the greenhouse, water thoroughly, and control the temperature at 18℃ and the relative humidity at 75-95% to promote fruiting; a large number of primordia appear on December 21st, and differentiation is successful on December 25th. The first harvest of morel mushrooms is on January 15th, with 44-60 mushrooms per basket, and the second harvest is on February 14th, with 41-53 mushrooms per basket.
[0053] Comparative Example 1
[0054] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0055] S1. In May, the silt from washing sand in the Qujiang River is dried in the sun. In August, it is sprayed with water to moisten it, then covered with a film and piled up to sterilize it. On September 20, it is packed into baskets with a length of 45cm, a width of 35cm, and a height of 10cm, with 20kg in each basket.
[0056] S2. Inoculate with G8 morel spawn, place the basket in a cold storage at 15℃ and 60-80% humidity for 60 days to allow the spawn to grow. Then adjust the temperature of the cold storage to 5℃ and the humidity to 70-85% for another 15 days to allow the spawn to grow. On the 7th day after inoculation (September 27), put a nutrient pack into the basket. The composition of the nutrient pack by weight percentage is: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 15%, soybean meal 4%, and lime 1%.
[0057] S3. Fruiting: On December 5th, move the baskets into the greenhouse, water thoroughly, and control the temperature at 18℃ and the relative humidity at 75-95% to promote fruiting; primordia appear on December 20th, and a small number of small mushrooms successfully differentiate on December 25th. The first harvest of morel mushrooms is on January 15th, with 30-38 mushrooms per basket; the second harvest is on February 14th, with 30-42 mushrooms per basket.
[0058] Comparative Example 2
[0059] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0060] S1. In May, the silt from washing sand in the Qujiang River is dried in the sun. In August, it is sprayed with water to moisten it, then covered with a film and piled up to sterilize it. On September 20, it is packed into baskets with a length of 45cm, a width of 35cm, and a height of 10cm, with 20kg in each basket.
[0061] S2. Inoculate with G8 morel spawn, place the basket in a cold storage at 17℃ and 60-80% humidity for 60 days to allow the spawn to grow. Then adjust the cold storage temperature to 5℃ and humidity to 70-85% for another 15 days to allow the spawn to grow. On the 7th day after inoculation (September 27), put a nutrient pack into the basket. The composition of the nutrient pack by weight percentage is: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 15%, soybean meal 4%, and lime 1%.
[0062] S3. Fruiting: On December 5th, move the baskets into the greenhouse, water thoroughly, and control the temperature at 18℃ and the relative humidity at 75-95% to promote fruiting; primordia appear on December 20th, and a small number of small mushrooms successfully differentiate on December 25th. The first harvest of morel mushrooms is on January 15th, with 26-35 mushrooms per basket; the second harvest is on February 14th, with 25-40 mushrooms per basket.
[0063] Comparative Example 3
[0064] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0065] S1. In May, the silt from washing sand in the Qujiang River is dried in the sun. In August, it is sprayed with water to moisten it, then covered with a film and piled up to sterilize it. On September 20, it is packed into baskets with a length of 45cm, a width of 35cm, and a height of 10cm, with 20kg in each basket.
[0066] S2. Inoculate with G8 morel spawn, place the basket in a cold storage at 8℃ and 60-80% humidity for 60 days to allow the spawn to grow. Then adjust the cold storage temperature to 5℃ and humidity to 70-85% for another 15 days to allow the spawn to grow. On the 7th day after inoculation (September 27), put a nutrient pack into the basket. The composition of the nutrient pack by weight percentage is: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 15%, soybean meal 4%, and lime 1%.
[0067] S3. Mushroom Development: On December 5th, move the baskets into the greenhouse, water thoroughly, and control the temperature at 18℃ and the relative humidity at 75-95% to promote mushroom growth. A small number of primordia appear on December 20th, and a small number of small mushrooms successfully differentiate on December 27th, 4-6 days later. The first harvest of morel mushrooms is on January 15th, with 10-20 mushrooms per basket; the second harvest is on February 14th, with 15-30 mushrooms per basket.
[0068] Comparative Example 4
[0069] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0070] S1. In May, the silt from washing sand in the Qujiang River is dried in the sun. In August, it is sprayed with water to moisten it, then covered with a film and piled up to sterilize it. On September 20, it is packed into baskets with a length of 45cm, a width of 35cm, and a height of 10cm, with 20kg in each basket.
[0071] S2. Inoculate with G8 morel spawn, place the basket in a cold storage at 12℃ and 60-80% humidity for 60 days to allow the spawn to grow. Then adjust the cold storage temperature to 2℃ and humidity to 70-85% for another 15 days to allow the spawn to grow. On the 7th day after inoculation (September 27), put a nutrient pack into the basket. The composition of the nutrient pack by weight percentage is: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 15%, soybean meal 4%, and lime 1%.
[0072] S3. Mushroom Development: On December 5th, move the baskets into the greenhouse, water thoroughly, and control the temperature at 18℃ and the relative humidity at 75-95% to promote mushroom growth; a large number of primordia appear on December 19th, and small mushrooms successfully differentiate on December 24th. The first harvest of morel mushrooms is on January 15th, with 40-55 mushrooms per basket; the second harvest of morel mushrooms is on February 14th, with 48-50 mushrooms per basket.
[0073] Comparative Example 5
[0074] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0075] S1. In May, the silt from washing sand in the Qujiang River is dried in the sun. In August, it is sprayed with water to moisten it, then covered with a film and piled up to sterilize it. On September 20, it is packed into baskets with a length of 45cm, a width of 35cm, and a height of 10cm, with 20kg in each basket.
[0076] S2. Inoculate with G8 morel spawn, place the basket in a cold storage at 12℃ and 60-80% humidity for 60 days to allow the spawn to grow. Then adjust the temperature of the cold storage to 6℃ and the humidity to 70-85% for another 15 days to allow the spawn to grow. On the 7th day after inoculation (September 27), put a nutrient pack into the basket. The composition of the nutrient pack by weight percentage is: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 15%, soybean meal 4%, and lime 1%.
[0077] S3. Mushroom Production: On December 5th, move the baskets into the greenhouse, water thoroughly, and control the temperature at 18℃ and the relative humidity at 75-95% to promote mushroom growth; a large number of primordia appear on December 20th, and small mushrooms successfully differentiate on December 26th. The first harvest of morel mushrooms is on January 15th, with 42-54 mushrooms per basket; the second harvest is on February 14th, with 37-50 morel mushrooms per basket.
[0078] Comparative Example 6
[0079] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating morel mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0080] S1. In May, the silt from washing sand in the Qujiang River is dried in the sun. In August, it is sprayed with water to moisten it, then covered with a film and piled up to sterilize it. On September 20, it is packed into baskets with a length of 45cm, a width of 35cm, and a height of 10cm, with 20kg in each basket.
[0081] S2. Inoculate with G8 morel spawn, place the basket in a cold storage at 12℃ and 60-80% humidity for 60 days for mycelial growth, then adjust the humidity to 70-85% for another 15 days for mycelial growth; on the 7th day after inoculation (September 27), put a nutrient pack into the basket; the composition of the nutrient pack by weight percentage is: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 15%, soybean meal 4%, and lime 1%.
[0082] S3. Mushroom Production: On December 5th, move the baskets into the greenhouse, water thoroughly, and control the temperature at 18℃ and the relative humidity at 75-95% to promote mushroom growth; a large number of primordia appear on December 20th, and small mushrooms successfully differentiate on December 25th. The first harvest of morel mushrooms is on January 15th, with 39-52 mushrooms per basket; the second harvest is on February 14th, with 30-50 morel mushrooms per basket.
[0083] Test case
[0084] To verify the beneficial technical effects of the present invention, morel mushrooms were cultivated according to the methods of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. Ten baskets of morel mushrooms were randomly selected from each group to examine the yield and quality of morel mushrooms. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0085] Table 1. Morel mushroom yield (per basket), color, and shape for each group. (±s, n=10)
[0086] Group First harvest / g Second harvest / g Color and shape Example 1 303.4±19.9 248.9±23.6 The cap is yellowish-brown, the stem is white, the body is short and stout, and the cap is longer than the stem. Example 2 309.7±17.6 237.0±23.5 The cap is yellowish-brown, the stem is white, the body is short and stout, and the cap is longer than the stem. Example 3 300.2±28.8 239.2±19.8 The cap is yellowish-brown, the stem is white, the body is short and stout, and the cap is longer than the stem. Example 4 318.7±32.9 244.2±19.7 The cap is yellowish-brown, the stem is white, the body is short and stout, and the cap is longer than the stem. Example 5 343.3±17.9 272.6±14.9 The cap is yellowish-brown, the stem is white, the body is short and stout, and the cap is longer than the stem. Example 6 327.5±26.2 241.6±15.6 The cap is yellowish-brown, the stem is white, the body is short and stout, and the cap is longer than the stem. Comparative Example 1 249.0±26.9 214.7±19.2 The cap is yellowish-brown, the stem is white, the body is short and stout, and the cap is longer than the stem. Comparative Example 2 200.8±16.5 219.4±23.2 The cap is yellowish-brown, the stem is white, the body is short and stout, and the cap is longer than the stem. Comparative Example 3 93.3±18.6 160.2±21.8 The cap is yellowish-brown, the stem is white, the body is short and stout, and the cap is longer than the stem. Comparative Example 4 247.9±26.7 181.7±14.7 The cap is yellowish-brown, the stem is white, the body is small and slender, and the cap is shorter than the stem. Comparative Example 5 239.7±33.2 186.4±14.5 The cap is yellowish-brown, the stem is white, the body is small and slender, and the cap is shorter than the stem. Comparative Example 6 218.6±23.5 167.9±19.6 The cap is yellowish-brown, the stem is white, the body is small and slender, and the cap is shorter than the stem.
[0087] As shown in Table 1, the yields of Examples 1 to 6 were higher than those of Comparative Examples 1 to 6 in both harvests. This indicates that mycelial growth at 10–14°C followed by re-mold growth at 3–5°C increases morel yield. The morel mushrooms obtained in Comparative Examples 4 to 6 were smaller and longer, with caps shorter than stipes. In Comparative Examples 4 to 6, the re-mold growth process at 3–5°C was not performed, suggesting that the low-temperature stimulation at 3–5°C also promotes mycelial enlargement and cap growth. The first harvest yields of Examples 4 to 6 were significantly higher than those of Examples 1 to 3, with Example 5 achieving a first harvest yield of 343.3g. In Examples 4 to 6, the nutrient packs contained 0.5–2% Artemisia annua, indicating that Artemisia annua has a synergistic effect on morel yield.
[0088] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and these variations still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for cultivating morel mushrooms, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: incubate the mycelium in a cold storage at 10-14℃ for 50-70 days, then adjust the cold storage temperature to 3-5℃ for 10-21 days; move the mycelium to a greenhouse, water it thoroughly, and control the temperature at 15-20℃ to promote mushroom growth.
2. A method for cultivating morel mushrooms, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Spawning: Sterilize the soil and put it into a basket, inoculate it with morel mushroom spawn, and spawn it in a cold storage at 10-14℃ for 50-70 days. Then adjust the temperature of the cold storage to 3-5℃ and spawn it for another 10-21 days. On the 5th to 10th day after inoculation, put the nutrient pack into the basket. S2. Mushroom growth: Move the baskets into the greenhouse, water them thoroughly, and control the temperature at 15-20℃ and the relative humidity at 75-95% to promote mushroom growth; a large number of primordia will appear in 12-16 days, and small mushrooms will successfully differentiate in another 4-6 days. The first harvest of morel mushrooms will be carried out in another 20-25 days, and the second harvest of morel mushrooms will be carried out after another 28-32 days of cultivation.
3. The morel cultivation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, bacteria are grown in a cold storage at 13°C for 60 days, and then the temperature of the cold storage is adjusted to 5°C for another 15 days.
4. The morel cultivation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nutritional package is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 70% wheat, 10% rice husks, 15% corn cobs, 4% soybean meal, and 1% lime.
5. The morel cultivation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nutritional package is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 70% wheat, 10% rice husks, 13-14.5% corn cobs, 4% soybean meal, 1% lime, and 0.5-2% artemisia annua.
6. The morel cultivation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The nutritional package is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 70% wheat, 10% rice husks, 14% corn cobs, 4% soybean meal, 1% lime, and 1% artemisia annua.
7. The morel cultivation method according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that, The soil is silt; the treatment method for the silt is to dry it in May, spray it with water to moisten it in August, and then cover it with a film and pile it up for sterilization.
8. A nutrient package for morel mushroom cultivation, characterized in that, It is composed of the following raw materials by weight percentage: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 15%, soybean meal 4% and lime 1%.
9. A nutrient package for morel mushroom cultivation, characterized in that, It is composed of the following raw materials by weight percentage: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 13-14.5%, soybean meal 4%, lime 1%, and artemisia annua 0.5-2%.
10. The nutrient package for morel mushroom cultivation according to claim 9, characterized in that, It is composed of the following raw materials by weight percentage: wheat 70%, rice husk 10%, corn cob 14%, soybean meal 4%, lime 1% and artemisia annua 1%.