Angle-adjustable panel concrete intelligent construction indoor test device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock-fill dam concrete construction, in particular to an angle-adjustable panel concrete intelligent construction indoor test device and method. According to the invention, an indoor intelligent construction test system integrating identification positioning, material distribution, vibration and plastering film covering is constructed around the angle-adjustable operation box body, key construction parameters are converted into settable, quantifiable and reproducible test conditions, manual operation differences and random errors are significantly reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved. The consistency, comparability and traceability of test results are improved; meanwhile, the angle-adjustable operation box body can simulate working conditions of different gradients and inclination angles under indoor conditions, so that the processes of material distribution spreading, flowing accumulation, vibrating compaction and surface plastering and pressing forming of the concrete under the change of gravity components can be compared and verified on the same platform; uniform loading of multi-angle working conditions and standardization of test boundaries are achieved, and uncontrollable deviation caused by the fact that on-site slope tests are affected by environments and construction organizations is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete construction technology for rockfill dams, specifically to an indoor testing device and method for intelligent construction of concrete with an adjustable-angle panel. Background Technology

[0002] Concrete construction of rockfill dams refers to the process of concrete pouring, spreading, compaction, finishing, and necessary surface curing and covering in rockfill dam projects where rockfill forms the main dam body framework. This process involves pouring concrete, spreading it, vibrating it to compact, finishing, and covering the face, toe slab, and other concrete structural components. Its purpose is to form a concrete seepage prevention and protection system that meets the requirements of seepage prevention, erosion resistance, and durability, and to provide a stable structural interface and quality assurance for the overall stress and operational safety of the rockfill under deformation conditions. This type of construction is characterized by continuous procedures, high quality sensitivity, and strong parameter correlation. Construction quality is typically influenced by factors such as mix proportions, slump and workability, spreading path and thickness control, vibration energy input and spacing, finishing timing and stroke speed, and the slope angle of the construction surface. Especially under sloping conditions, the spreading flow and accumulation morphology of the concrete will vary with changes in the gravitational component.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN118091049A discloses a rockfill dam model testing device, belonging to the field of rockfill dam testing technology. It includes a simulation pool mounted on a support frame, with a simulation platform connected inside the pool via a swing connector. A lifting bracket is connected to the top of the simulation platform via a lifting assembly. A shaping device for compacting and shaping the rockfill dam is installed above the lifting bracket. A positioning frame is fixedly mounted on the support frame, with L-shaped support plates on both sides. Electric slide rails are mounted on the L-shaped support plates, and electric sliders are mounted on the electric slide rails. The electric sliders on both sides are connected to a push cylinder. This invention achieves continuous compaction of the rockfill dam by a vibrating disc connected to it via a crankshaft arm through the rotation of a crankshaft component. After compaction, a shaping groove set in the conversion mold body is used to achieve oscillating shaping of the rockfill dam, thereby ensuring standardization in the process of simulating the construction of the rockfill dam model and guaranteeing the accuracy of the testing results.

[0004] In concrete construction experiments, problems often arise from the fragmented implementation of processes such as identification and positioning, concrete placement, vibration, and finishing, making it difficult to uniformly set and reproduce parameters. This leads to uneven concrete placement, fluctuations in vibration position and energy input, and instability in finishing tool movement and feed, resulting in inconsistent surface smoothness and finishing quality, poor repeatability of comparative experiments, and difficulty in attributing differences. Simultaneously, untimely or inaccurate acquisition of the spatial distribution of the reinforcing mesh, easy drift of measurement benchmarks, and lack of three-dimensional constraint verification can easily lead to path deviations and interference risks, reducing experimental safety and the reliability of closed-loop control. Furthermore, when the research involves sloping construction, changes in slope alter the concrete's spreading, flow, accumulation, and compaction behavior. Without controllable angle loading conditions, inconsistent experimental boundaries, incomparable data, and difficulties in extrapolating conclusions are often observed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an indoor testing device and method for intelligent construction of panel concrete with adjustable angles. This invention constructs an indoor intelligent construction testing system integrating identification and positioning, material placement, vibration, and surface finishing using an adjustable-angle working box. Key construction parameters are standardized into settable, quantifiable, and reproducible test conditions to reduce human error and improve the consistency and traceability of results. Simultaneously, by simulating different slope angles through indoor controllable angle adjustment, the material flow, compaction, and finishing under varying gravity components can be compared and verified on the same platform. This unifies test boundaries, reduces on-site uncertainties, and enables the systematic collection and quantitative analysis of quality indicators at multiple angles, improving the reliability of extrapolated conclusions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An indoor testing device for intelligent construction of concrete with an adjustable panel includes a fixed base fixed to the construction surface. An adjustable working box is hinged to the fixed base. A moving mechanism is installed on the adjustable working box. The moving mechanism integrates a 3D scanning and recognition device for acquiring three-dimensional information of the working surface, a material placement mechanism, a vibration mechanism, and a finishing device. This enables continuous standardized operations of material placement, vibration, finishing, and curing under the same coordinate reference, and can be executed according to preset positions and trajectories. A control system is installed on the outside of the fixed base. The control system is used to coordinate and control the motion parameters and operation sequence of the moving mechanism and each actuator, and to record and trace the test process.

[0007] Preferably, the angle-adjustable working box includes a working box, a servo electric cylinder, and a rotating shaft assembly. A steel mesh is fixedly installed inside the working box. The working box is hinged to a fixed base through the rotating shaft assembly. Two servo electric cylinders are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the working box to drive the working box to adjust the tilt angle, so that construction surface conditions with different slopes can be set and reproduced in indoor tests.

[0008] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a first slider, a gantry robot assembly, and linear slide rail devices and linear motor guide rail slides symmetrically fixed on the top of both sides of the angle-adjustable work box; the first slider is slidably mounted on the linear slide rail device, the gantry robot assembly is mounted on the linear motor guide rail slide, and both the first slider and the gantry robot assembly reciprocate along the length direction of the angle-adjustable work box.

[0009] Preferably, the gantry robot assembly includes a crossbeam mounting plate and an electric cylinder. The crossbeam mounting plate is fixedly mounted on two sets of linear motor guide rail slides. Gantry support columns are fixedly mounted at both ends of the crossbeam mounting plate. The ends of the two sets of gantry support columns away from the crossbeam mounting plate are fixedly connected by crossbeam square tubes to form a gantry. Side mounting plates are fixedly mounted on the two sets of gantry support columns. A slide rail is fixedly mounted on one side of the side mounting plate, and a second slider is slidably mounted on the slide rail. An electric cylinder is mounted on the side mounting plate by setting an electric cylinder pad. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the second slider. A material feeding mechanism is fixedly connected to one side of the second slider to realize the reciprocating movement of the material feeding mechanism along the length direction of the angle-adjustable work box.

[0010] Preferably, the fabric-laying mechanism includes a second linear motor module, a material outlet, and a rigid tube. Both ends of the second linear motor module are fixedly connected to two sets of second sliders. A guide rod is fixedly installed along the length of the second linear motor module, and a guide block is slidably mounted on the guide rod. A servo motor is fixedly installed at one end of the second linear motor module, and a threaded rod is installed at the output end of the servo motor. The threaded rod passes through the guide block and is screwed to the guide block. A guide rod is fixedly installed between the two sets of first sliders, and a sliding guide block is installed on the guide rod. A linear bearing is installed between the sliding guide block and the guide rod. The rigid tube is fixedly installed on the sliding guide block. A material outlet is fixedly installed on the guide block, and a flexible tube is connected to one side of the material outlet. The other end of the flexible tube is connected to the rigid tube, so that the fabric-laying mechanism can move to cover the entire plane.

[0011] Preferably, the 3D scanning and recognition device includes a first square tube fixedly mounted on a crossbeam square tube, a camera mounting plate fixedly mounted on the first square tube along the vertical direction, a first linear motor module fixedly mounted on the camera mounting plate, a vision camera slide mounting plate slidably mounted on the first linear motor module, and a laser three-dimensional contour measuring instrument fixedly mounted on the vision camera slide mounting plate. The laser three-dimensional contour measuring instrument is used to perform three-dimensional contour scanning and recognition of the steel mesh distribution on the working surface.

[0012] Preferably, the vibration mechanism includes a connecting plate slidably mounted on the square tube of the crossbeam, and a third linear motor module is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate; the third linear motor module includes a first frame, a second frame nested inside the first frame, and an opening formed through the opposite sidewalls of the first frame along the length direction of the angle-adjustable working box; a first vibration motor mounting plate and a second vibration motor mounting plate are respectively formed on the top two sides of the first frame, and the bottom plate of the first frame forms a mounting plate; a second square tube is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate, and the second frame is spaced around the outer periphery of the second square tube; one end of the second frame away from the connecting plate... A servo motor is fixedly installed, with its output shaft extending toward the second square tube and a spur gear fixedly mounted at its end. The spur gear meshes with a rack, which is also fixedly mounted on the second square tube. A lifting arm is installed at the second square tube, comprising a first slide rail and a second slide rail fixed to the outer periphery of the second square tube. A third slider is slidably mounted on the first slide rail, and a fourth slider is slidably mounted on the second slide rail. The third and fourth sliders are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second frame. Two sets of vibratory motor mounting plates are used to install vibratory motors, with vibratory rods mounted at the output ends of the motors. The vibratory rods penetrate the mounting plates and extend to the top of the angle-adjustable operating box.

[0013] Preferably, the finishing device includes a worm gear smoothing roller assembly, a worm gear motor module, a fourth linear motor module, a conveying roller, a finishing and coating small roller, and a finishing and coating roller mounting plate; both ends of the crossbeam mounting plate extend towards the length direction of the angle-adjustable working box to form extension plates, and finishing and coating roller mounting plates are respectively installed on the extension plates; the worm gear smoothing roller assembly is fixedly installed on the crossbeam mounting plate and is drivenly connected to the worm gear motor module to perform rotational smoothing operations; the worm gear motor module and the fourth linear motor module are both fixedly installed on the crossbeam mounting plate; the conveying roller and the finishing and coating small roller are installed on the finishing and coating roller mounting plate for sequentially smoothing, finishing, and coating the vibrated concrete surface.

[0014] Preferably, the worm smoothing roller assembly includes a worm motor base, a worm motor, a synchronous belt, a first high-torque synchronous pulley, a second high-torque synchronous pulley, and a spiral rod; the worm motor base is fixedly installed above the crossbeam mounting plate, the worm motor is installed on the crossbeam mounting plate, the first high-torque synchronous pulley is fixedly installed at the output end of the worm motor, the second high-torque synchronous pulley is fixedly installed at the end of the spiral rod, and the first high-torque synchronous pulley and the second high-torque synchronous pulley are connected by a synchronous belt drive.

[0015] Preferably, the operation method of the angle-adjustable panel concrete intelligent construction indoor test device includes the following steps: S1. The control system controls the servo electric cylinder to drive the angle-adjustable working box to flip to the preset tilt angle, and controls the moving mechanism to move to the preset working start position; the 3D scanning and recognition device performs three-dimensional contour scanning and recognition of the steel mesh in the angle-adjustable working box to obtain the three-dimensional information of the working surface as a measurement and positioning benchmark, and records the initial state data for subsequent comparative analysis. S2. Based on the identification results, the concrete is placed in the corresponding area by the concrete placing mechanism along the moving mechanism to stabilize the concrete placement according to the set position and trajectory, and the uniformity of the concrete placement and the coverage path are used as controllable variables to reduce the randomness of missing placement and uneven material accumulation, and to provide consistent initial conditions for subsequent vibration and finishing. S3. Vibration operation is carried out on the laid concrete through the vibration mechanism to realize standardized vibration input for vibration at different coordinate positions, and to quantitatively control the vibration path, step distance, frequency and time, thereby enhancing the reproducibility of indoor test conditions and reducing interference with measurements. S4. The surface of the vibrated concrete is smoothed and covered with a film by a smoothing device to standardize the smoothing and curing process, reduce human differences and make the curing boundary conditions consistent and comparable, thereby ensuring the consistency of the final state so as to facilitate comparative research on cracks and surface defects. S5. Repeat S2 to S4 until the concrete placement, vibration and troweling of all areas inside the work box are completed; then, the motion parameters and work sequence of the moving mechanism and each actuator are uniformly coordinated and controlled by the control system, and the test process is recorded and traced. The control system is then used to reset each mechanism so that the equipment returns to its initial state.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention constructs an indoor intelligent construction test system centered around an angle-adjustable operating box, integrating identification and positioning, material placement, vibration, and surface finishing. It transforms key construction parameters into settable, quantifiable, and reproducible test conditions, significantly reducing human error and random variations, and improving the consistency, comparability, and traceability of test results. Simultaneously, the angle-adjustable operating box can simulate different slope and inclination angles under indoor conditions, allowing for comparative verification of the concrete placement, flow accumulation, vibration compaction, and surface finishing processes under varying gravity components on the same platform. This not only achieves consistent loading and standardized test boundaries for multi-angle conditions, avoiding uncontrollable deviations caused by environmental and construction organization factors in on-site slope tests, but also enables the system to collect and quantify the variation patterns of key quality indicators under different inclination angles, thereby improving the fit of indoor tests to actual slope construction scenarios and the reliability of extrapolation conclusions.

[0017] 2. The fabric pathization and coverage consistency of this invention make the fabric trajectory, speed and stroke controllable and cover the entire plane, significantly improving the repeatability of comparative tests under different working conditions; the reciprocating and feeding of the fabric mechanism can be programmed and controlled in a cycle time manner, so that the initial conditions of the fabric under the same ratio and the same process are highly consistent, which makes it easy to accurately attribute the differences in subsequent vibration and finishing; in addition, the modular installation structure facilitates quick adjustment and maintenance, reduces downtime and improves test efficiency.

[0018] 3. This invention establishes a stable measurement benchmark through a 3D scanning recognition device, enabling controllable lifting and repeatable positioning of the laser 3D contour measuring instrument, as well as 3D contour scanning and recognition of the steel mesh distribution on the working surface to form quantifiable geometric data. Simultaneously, the measurement benchmark and the execution mechanism are arranged on a shared platform, reducing positioning deviations caused by coordinate drift and clamping errors. This not only improves recognition accuracy and positioning consistency but also significantly enhances the closed-loop reliability of path planning and operation execution. More importantly, the 3D information obtained through scanning and recognition can be used to constrain and verify the working areas of the concrete placing mechanism and the vibrating mechanism, reducing the risk of interference with the steel mesh and improving experimental safety. Furthermore, the unified 3D data benchmark supports full-process recording and result traceability, providing a stable data foundation for comparison of multiple batches and multi-angle working conditions.

[0019] 4. This invention achieves path-based movement along the width of the adjustable-angle work box through a vibration mechanism, ensuring stable vibration of the vibrator at the target position and consistent vibration energy input. The finishing device achieves uniform feeding through a worm gear finishing roller assembly and a finishing mechanism mounting plate, coupling rotary finishing and linear cutting into a settable and reproducible finishing path. This not only improves surface flatness and finishing consistency but also significantly reduces human finishing variations. More importantly, the sequential operation of the spiral rod, conveying roller, and finishing / coating roller on the finishing / coating roller mounting plate realizes an integrated continuous process of finishing, smoothing, and coating, making surface quality control more centralized and controllable, and further ensuring the stability and consistency of vibration and finishing / coating under different angle conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the construction equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the motion axis system of the construction equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the overall structure of the construction equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the movable cloth vibration structure used in this invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the smearing device used in this invention; Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the gantry robot arm assembly used in this invention; Figure 7 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the vibration mechanism used in this invention; Figure 8 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the worm gear smoothing roller assembly used in this invention; Figure 9 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the smearing device used in this invention.

[0021] In the diagram: Fixed base-1; Angle-adjustable work box-2; 3D scanning and recognition device-3; Moving mechanism-4; Cloth laying mechanism-5; Vibration mechanism-6; Finishing device-7; Control system-8; Frame assembly-11; Base plate-12; Nylon pad-13; Work box-21; Rotary shaft assembly-22; Servo electric cylinder-23; Reinforcing mesh-24; First square tube-31; Camera mounting plate-32; First linear motor module-33; Vision camera slide mounting plate-34; Laser 3D contour measuring instrument-35; Straight Linear slide rail device - 41; First slider - 42; Linear motor guide rail slide table - 43; Gantry robot arm assembly - 44; Crossbeam mounting plate - 441; Gantry support column - 442; Crossbeam square tube - 443; Side mounting plate - 444; Electric cylinder pad - 445; Electric cylinder - 446; Slide rail - 447; Second slider - 448; Second linear motor module - 51; Material discharge port - 52; Flexible hose - 53; Rigid pipe - 54; Linear bearing - 55; Connecting plate - 61; Third linear motor module - 62; Lifting arm - 63; Servo Motor-64; Vibrating rod-65; Vibration damping rubber block-66; Worm gear smoothing roller assembly-71; Worm gear motor module-72; Fourth linear motor module-73; Conveying roller-74; Small roller for troweling and film coating-75; Mounting plate for troweling and film coating roller-76; Cantilever assembly-81; Control console-82; Electrical control box-83; First vibrating motor mounting plate-611; Reinforcing rib-612; Second vibrating motor mounting plate-613; Connecting plate-614; Servo motor mounting plate-615; Mounting plate-616; First slide Rail-631; Second slide rail-632; Second square tube-633; Third slider-634; Fourth slider-635; Rack-636; Spur gear-637; Worm motor base-711; Worm motor-712; Synchronous belt-713; First high-torque synchronous pulley-714; Second high-torque synchronous pulley-715; Helical rod-716; Bearing-717; Bearing housing-718; Finishing reinforcing rib-731; Linear motor guide rail-732; Finishing linear slide table-733; Finishing mechanism mounting plate-734. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

[0023] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] Figures 1-9 As shown, an indoor testing device for intelligent construction of concrete with an adjustable panel includes a fixed base 1 fixed to the construction surface. An adjustable working box 2 is hinged on the fixed base 1. A moving mechanism 4 is installed on the adjustable working box 2. The moving mechanism 4 integrates a 3D scanning and recognition device 3 for acquiring three-dimensional information of the working surface, a material placement mechanism 5, a vibration mechanism 6, and a finishing device 7. This enables continuous standardized operations of material placement, vibration, finishing, and film curing under the same coordinate reference, and can be executed according to preset positions and trajectories. A control system 8 is installed on the outside of the fixed base 1. The control system 8 is used to coordinate and control the motion parameters and operation sequence of the moving mechanism 4 and each actuator, and to record and trace the test process. It should be noted that the fixed base 1 includes a frame assembly 11, a base plate 12, and a nylon pad 13. The base plate 12 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the frame assembly 11; the nylon pad 13 is fixedly set on the base plate 12; and the angle-adjustable work box 2 is supported and placed on the nylon pad 13. The control system 8 includes a cantilever assembly 81, a control console 82, and an electrical control box 83. The cantilever assembly 81 is fixedly installed on the frame assembly 11. The control console 82 is installed on the cantilever assembly 81 and is communicatively connected to the servo electric cylinder 23, the 3D scanning and recognition device 3, the moving mechanism 4, the fabric spreading mechanism 5, the vibrating mechanism 6, and the finishing device 7, respectively. It is used to coordinate and control the motion parameters and operation sequence of each mechanism so that each mechanism can work in sequence and in coordination. The electrical control box 83 is located next to the fixed base 1 and is electrically connected to the control console 82.

[0025] This invention constructs an indoor intelligent construction test system centered around an angle-adjustable work box 2, integrating identification and positioning, material placement, vibration, and surface finishing. It transforms key construction parameters into settable, quantifiable, and reproducible test conditions, significantly reducing human error and random variations, and improving the consistency, comparability, and traceability of test results. Simultaneously, the angle-adjustable work box 2 can simulate different slopes and inclination angles under indoor conditions, allowing for comparative verification of the concrete placement, flow accumulation, vibration compaction, and surface finishing processes under varying gravity components on the same platform. This not only achieves consistent loading and standardized test boundaries for multi-angle conditions, avoiding uncontrollable deviations caused by environmental and construction organization factors in on-site slope tests, but also enables the system to collect and quantify the variation patterns of key quality indicators under different inclination angles, thereby improving the fit of indoor tests to actual slope construction scenarios and the reliability of extrapolation conclusions.

[0026] Furthermore, the angle-adjustable working box 2 includes a working box 21, a servo electric cylinder 23, and a rotating shaft assembly 22. A steel mesh 24 is fixedly installed inside the working box 21. The working box 21 is hinged to the fixed base 1 through the rotating shaft assembly 22. Two servo electric cylinders 23 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the working box 21 to drive the working box 21 to adjust the tilt angle, so that construction surface conditions with different slopes can be set and reproduced in indoor tests. It should be noted that the fixed base 1 and the working box 21 form an angle adjustment device, which is used to drive the working box 21 to rotate around the rotating shaft assembly 22. The rotation angle range is 0-45 degrees. The fixed base 1 is provided with an angle-adjustable working box 2 by means of hinge, so that the angle-adjustable working box 2 can be rotated relative to the fixed base 1 to adjust the tilt angle. In this way, construction surface conditions with different slopes can be set and reproduced in indoor tests, reducing the error caused by changing the test bench, and providing a unified adjustable working condition bearing platform for the subsequent moving mechanism 4 and its 3D scanning recognition device 3, material laying mechanism 5, vibration mechanism 6 and finishing device 7.

[0027] Two servo electric cylinders 23 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the working box 21 to drive the working box 21 to adjust the tilt angle, so that the working conditions of the construction surface with different slopes can be set and reproduced in the indoor test. Its function is to realize the parameter setting, stable maintenance and repeated reset of the tilt angle through the servo electric cylinders 23, so that the working conditions of the construction surface under different slope conditions can be controlled and reproduced in the indoor test. The rotating shaft assembly 22 provides a stable rotation reference and the steel mesh 24 provides consistent internal constraint conditions, reducing the interference introduced by machine and personnel changes and multiple reference switching, improving the repeatability and comparability of the test, and thus highlighting the difference in the impact of process parameter changes on molding quality and defect performance.

[0028] Furthermore, the moving mechanism 4 includes a first slider 42, a gantry robot assembly 44, and linear slide rail devices 41 and linear motor guide rail slides 43, which are symmetrically fixed on the top of both sides of the angle-adjustable work box 2. The first slider 42 is slidably mounted on the linear slide rail device 41, and the gantry robot assembly 44 is mounted on the linear motor guide rail slide 43. Both the first slider 42 and the gantry robot assembly 44 reciprocate along the length direction of the angle-adjustable work box 2.

[0029] By constructing a symmetrically arranged high-rigidity guiding and driving foundation through the linear slide rail device 41 and the linear motor guide rail slide table 43, the first slider 42 and the gantry robot arm assembly 44 can perform stable reciprocating motion according to the set speed, stroke and trajectory in indoor tests, forming a unified motion and positioning benchmark; thereby providing repeatable path-based operation conditions for processes such as 3D scanning recognition, material laying, vibration and finishing, reducing manual intervention and random errors, improving the reproducibility and comparability of comparative tests under various working conditions, and making the differences in effects under different parameter combinations more prominent.

[0030] Furthermore, the gantry robot assembly 44 includes a crossbeam mounting plate 441 and an electric cylinder 446. The crossbeam mounting plate 441 is fixedly mounted on two sets of linear motor guide rail slides 43. Gantry support columns 442 are fixedly mounted at both ends of the crossbeam mounting plate 441. The ends of the two sets of gantry support columns 442 away from the crossbeam mounting plate 441 are fixedly connected through the crossbeam square tubes 443 to form a gantry. Side mounting plates 444 are fixedly mounted on the two sets of gantry support columns 442. A slide rail 447 is fixedly mounted on one side of the side mounting plate 444. A second slider 448 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 447. The electric cylinder 446 is mounted on the side mounting plate 444 by setting an electric cylinder pad 445. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder 446 is fixedly connected to the second slider 448. A material feeding mechanism 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the second slider 448 to realize the reciprocating movement of the material feeding mechanism 5 along the length direction of the angle-adjustable working box 2.

[0031] A high-rigidity gantry structure, consisting of a crossbeam mounting plate 441, a gantry support column 442, and a crossbeam square tube 443, provides stable load-bearing and vibration-resistant support for the fabric placement mechanism 5 in indoor tests, reducing the impact of structural deformation on the material drop position during movement and operation. A low-clearance guide pair is formed by the side mounting plate 444, the slide rail 447, and the second slider 448, and controlled linear drive is achieved by the electric cylinder 446 via the electric cylinder pad 445. This allows the fabric placement mechanism 5 to move along the length of the angle-adjustable working box 2 according to a set speed, stroke, and reciprocating rhythm, transforming the fabric placement position and coverage area into quantifiable and reproducible test inputs. This reduces manual pushing and pulling and random deviations, improves the repeatability and comparability of comparative tests under different working conditions, and makes the differences in fabric uniformity and coverage effect more prominent.

[0032] Furthermore, the fabric-laying mechanism 5 includes a second linear motor module 51, a material outlet 52, and a rigid tube 54. Both ends of the second linear motor module 51 are fixedly connected to two sets of second sliders 448. A guide rod is fixedly installed along the length of the second linear motor module 51, and a guide block is slidably mounted on the guide rod. A servo motor is fixedly installed at one end of the second linear motor module 51, and a threaded rod is installed at the output end of the servo motor. The threaded rod passes through the guide block and is screwed to the guide block. A guide rod is fixedly installed between the two sets of first sliders 42, and a sliding guide block is installed on the guide rod. A linear bearing 55 is installed between the sliding guide block and the guide rod. The rigid tube 54 is fixedly installed on the sliding guide block. The material outlet 52 is fixedly installed on the guide block, and a flexible hose 53 is connected to one side of the material outlet 52. The other end of the flexible hose 53 is connected to the rigid tube 54, so that the fabric-laying mechanism 5 can move to cover the entire plane.

[0033] The second linear motor module 51 and the guide mechanism realize the stable and controllable displacement of the material outlet 52. With the help of the flexible-rigid combination of the hose 53 and the rigid pipe 54, the material is conveyed and distributed. The material distribution process maintains continuous feeding and controllable landing point during the movement, thereby achieving two-dimensional precise coverage of the working area, improving the uniformity and repeatability of the material distribution, and reducing random errors such as missing material and uneven material stacking.

[0034] The second linear motor module 51 drives the material outlet 52 to move controllably along its length. A servo motor drives the threaded rod and guide block to achieve stable positioning and uniform feeding, making the material trajectory, step distance, and coverage area settable, quantifiable, and reproducible inputs for indoor tests. The guide rod and sliding guide block form a lateral guide, and the linear bearing 55 reduces the impact of friction and gaps, allowing the rigid tube 54 to move smoothly. This allows the material outlet 52 to form a smooth connection with the rigid tube 54 via the flexible hose 53, reducing the interference of pulling and swaying on the material drop point during reciprocating motion. This reduces the randomness of material leakage and uneven material accumulation, ensures that each group of tests has consistent initial material laying conditions, improves the repeatability and comparability of the test, and makes the differences in material uniformity and coverage effect more prominent.

[0035] Furthermore, the 3D scanning and recognition device 3 includes a first square tube 31 fixedly mounted on the crossbeam square tube 443, a camera mounting plate 32 fixedly mounted on the first square tube 31 along the vertical direction, a first linear motor module 33 fixedly mounted on the camera mounting plate 32, a vision camera slide mounting plate 34 slidably mounted on the first linear motor module 33, and a laser three-dimensional contour measuring instrument 35 fixedly mounted on the vision camera slide mounting plate 34. The laser three-dimensional contour measuring instrument 35 is used to perform three-dimensional contour scanning and recognition of the distribution of the steel mesh 24 on the working surface.

[0036] The first square tube 31 and the camera mounting plate 32 provide a stable installation reference, and the first linear motor module 33 drives the vision camera slide mounting plate 34 to achieve controllable lifting and repeated positioning of the measurement position, so that the laser three-dimensional profile measuring instrument 35 can maintain a consistent measurement posture and distance measurement conditions under different working conditions; thereby, the spatial distribution and surface profile of the steel mesh 24 can be scanned and identified with high precision in three dimensions, and quantifiable initial geometric data can be obtained to provide a basis for the positioning and path planning of the subsequent material laying mechanism 5, vibration mechanism 6 and finishing device 7, and support the comparative analysis and result traceability of the test process, thereby improving the reproducibility, comparability and credibility of the indoor test.

[0037] Furthermore, the vibration mechanism 6 includes a connecting plate 61 slidably mounted on the crossbeam square tube 443, and a third linear motor module 62 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate 61; the third linear motor module 62 includes a first frame, a second frame nested inside the first frame, and an opening formed through the opposite sidewalls of the first frame along the length of the angle-adjustable working box 2; a first vibration motor mounting plate 611 and a second vibration motor mounting plate 613 are formed on the top two sides of the first frame, and a mounting plate 616 is formed on the bottom plate of the first frame; a second square tube 633 is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate 616, and the second frame is spaced around the outer periphery of the second square tube 633; ​​a servo motor 64 is fixedly mounted on the end of the second frame away from the connecting plate 61. The output shaft of 64 extends toward the second square tube 633 and a spur gear 637 is fixedly installed at its end. The spur gear 637 meshes with a rack 636, which is fixedly installed on the second square tube 633. A lifting arm 63 is provided at the second square tube 633. The lifting arm 63 includes a first slide rail 631 and a second slide rail 632 fixed to the outer periphery of the second square tube 633. A third slider 634 is slidably installed on the first slide rail 631, and a fourth slider 635 is slidably installed on the second slide rail 632. The third slider 634 and the fourth slider 635 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second frame. Two sets of vibrating motor mounting plates are respectively used to install vibrating motors. A vibrating rod 65 is installed at the output end of the vibrating motor. The vibrating rod 65 passes through the mounting plate 616 and extends to the top of the angle-adjustable operating box 2. It should be noted that a guide column and a threaded rod (not shown in the figure) are fixedly arranged parallel to each other on the connecting plate 61. A slide block is slidably sleeved on the guide column, and the slide block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second frame. A motor is installed at one end of the crossbeam square tube 443. The output end of the motor is connected to the threaded rod. The threaded rod passes through the slide block and is connected by a screw to realize the reciprocating movement of the vibration mechanism 6 along the width direction of the angle-adjustable working box 2. Reinforcing ribs 612 are fixedly arranged at the connection between the first vibration motor mounting plate 611, the second vibration motor mounting plate 613 and the first frame. The servo motor 64 is mounted on the second frame through the servo motor mounting plate 615. Two sets of vibration damping rubber blocks 66 are fixedly arranged below the mounting plate 616. The bottom of the vibration damping rubber blocks 66 is fixedly connected through the connecting plate 614. The vibrating rod 65 passes through the vibration damping rubber blocks 66 and the connecting plate 614 and extends to the top of the angle-adjustable working box 2. The servo motor 64 has a self-locking brake function, which plays a role in stabilizing the structure during the suspension of the vibrating mechanism 6. This is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] The connecting plate 61 enables stable installation and follow-up of the vibrating mechanism 6 on the crossbeam square tube 443, providing a unified motion and positioning benchmark for the vibration operation. The third linear motor module 62 drives the first frame and the second frame to form controllable movement along the length of the angle-adjustable working box 2, enabling the vibration input to have path coverage capability, facilitating the reproduction of different vibration trajectories and rhythms in indoor tests. The servo motor 64 drives the spur gear 637 and rack 636 to mesh and transmit power, achieving stable feeding and repeatable positioning of the second frame relative to the second square tube 633, and cooperating with the open structure to ensure stroke and assembly space, improving the smoothness and reliability of reciprocating operation. The first slide rail 631 and the second slide rail 632, and the third slider 634 and the fourth slider 63 of the lifting arm 63 are used to achieve the following: 5 forms a low-gap guide, stabilizing the lifting and positioning of the second frame along the direction of the second square tube 633, reducing the impact of swaying and jamming on the insertion position during vibration; the vibration motor is arranged through the first vibration motor mounting plate 611 and the second vibration motor mounting plate 613 respectively to drive the vibration rod 65, making the vibration energy and the layout of the point of action controllable. The vibration rod 65 passes through the mounting plate 616 and extends into the upper part of the angle-adjustable working box 2, realizing standardized insertion vibration input to the working surface; thereby, the vibration position, path, stroke and vibration configuration are transformed into settable, quantifiable and reproducible test conditions, reducing differences in manual operation and random errors, improving the repeatability and comparability of comparative tests under different working conditions, and making the differences in compaction effect and defects under different vibration regimes easier to identify and attribute.

[0039] Further, the finishing device 7 includes a worm gear smoothing roller assembly 71, a worm gear motor module 72, a fourth linear motor module 73, a conveying roller 74, a finishing and coating small roller 75, and a finishing and coating roller mounting plate 76; the two ends of the crossbeam mounting plate 441 extend towards the length direction of the angle-adjustable working box 2 to form an extension plate, and the finishing and coating roller mounting plate 76 is respectively provided on the extension plate; the worm gear smoothing roller assembly 71 is fixedly installed on the crossbeam mounting plate 441 and is connected to the worm gear motor module 72 for rotational smoothing operation; the worm gear motor module (72) is fixedly installed on the crossbeam mounting plate (441), and the fourth linear motor module (73) is installed on the extension plate of the crossbeam mounting plate (441); the conveying roller 74 and the finishing and coating small roller 75 are installed on the finishing and coating roller mounting plate 76 for sequentially smoothing, finishing, and coating the vibrated concrete surface.

[0040] The troweling and coating roller mounting plates 76 are set at both ends of the crossbeam mounting plate 441 to provide a stable and symmetrical installation and operation benchmark for the troweling and coating components. The worm gear troweling roller assembly 71 and the worm gear motor module 72 drive and cooperate to achieve continuous rotation troweling, transforming surface height differences and local ripples into a controllable mechanical leveling process. The fourth linear motor module 73 provides controllable stroke, speed and reciprocating rhythm, so that the troweling operation is stably advanced along the length of the angle-adjustable operation box 2, ensuring that the troweling path is consistent and reproducible under different test conditions. The conveying roller 74 continuously compacts and guides the surface, and the troweling and coating small roller 75 performs secondary finishing and finishing, finally completing the coating laying and pressing. This ensures that the vibrated concrete surface is executed in a fixed sequence of "troweling-finishing-coating", reducing human operation differences and random defects, improving the consistency of surface flatness and smoothness, and enhancing the repeatability, comparability and traceability of indoor test results.

[0041] Furthermore, the worm smoothing roller assembly 71 includes a worm motor base 711, a worm motor 712, a synchronous belt 713, a first high-torque synchronous pulley 714, a second high-torque synchronous pulley 715, and a spiral rod 716. The worm motor base 711 is fixedly installed above the crossbeam mounting plate 441, the worm motor 712 is installed on the crossbeam mounting plate 441, the first high-torque synchronous pulley 714 is fixedly installed at the output end of the worm motor 712, the second high-torque synchronous pulley 715 is fixedly installed at the end of the spiral rod 716, and the first high-torque synchronous pulley 714 and the second high-torque synchronous pulley 715 are connected by a synchronous belt 713. It should be noted that bearing seats 718 are respectively provided at both ends of the crossbeam mounting plate 441, and the spiral rod 716 is rotatably mounted in the bearing seat 718 through the bearing 717. The fourth linear motor module 73 includes a finishing reinforcing rib 731, a finishing linear slide 733, a linear motor guide rail 732, and a finishing mechanism mounting plate 734. The linear motor guide rail 732 is fixedly installed on the extension plates on both sides of the crossbeam mounting plate 441. The linear motor guide rail 732 and the extension plate are reinforced by the finishing reinforcing rib 731 to improve structural stability. The finishing linear slide 733 is slidably installed on the linear motor guide rail 732, and the finishing mechanism mounting plate 734 is fixedly connected to the finishing linear slide 733.

[0042] A rigid mounting base is formed by the worm motor seat 711 and the crossbeam mounting plate 441, providing a stable force and positioning reference for the worm motor 712. The worm motor 712 drives the first high-torque synchronous pulley 714, which in turn drives the second high-torque synchronous pulley 715 and the screw rod 716 to rotate synchronously via the synchronous belt 713, achieving stable output and torque amplification of the smoothing roller, ensuring a continuous and uniform smoothing process. By setting bearing seats 718 at both ends of the crossbeam mounting plate 441 and using bearings 717 within the bearing seats 718 to provide rotational support for the screw rod 716, the coaxiality and load-bearing capacity of the screw rod 716 are improved, and radial runout and vibration are reduced, thereby enhancing the smoothing effect. The surface flatness and consistency are improved. Meanwhile, the fourth linear motor module 73 fixes the linear motor guide rail 732 to the extension plates on both sides of the crossbeam mounting plate 441, and strengthens the connection between the guide rail and the extension plate with the troweling reinforcing rib 731, thereby improving the overall structural stability and anti-deformation ability. This allows the troweling linear slide table 733 to slide smoothly on the linear motor guide rail 732 and drive the troweling mechanism mounting plate 734 to achieve controllable linear feed and reciprocating movement of the troweling component. This couples the rotational troweling of the troweling roller with the path-based movement of the linear module into configurable, quantifiable, and reproducible troweling operation conditions, reducing the differences in manual operation and improving the repeatability and comparability of test results.

[0043] Furthermore, the operation method of the angle-adjustable panel concrete intelligent construction indoor test device includes the following steps: S1. The servo electric cylinders 23, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the angle-adjustable work box 2, are activated by the control console 82 to drive the angle-adjustable work box 2 to rotate around its rotation axis assembly 22 to a preset tilt angle; at the same time, the moving mechanism 4 is controlled to move along the X-axis and Y-axis directions, so that the cloth-laying mechanism 5, the vibrating mechanism 6 and the finishing device 7 reach the preset work start position. S2. Start the 3D scanning and recognition device 3 via the console 82. The first linear motor module 33 drives the visual camera slide mounting plate 34 and the laser three-dimensional contour measuring instrument 35 on it to reciprocate along the X-axis direction to perform three-dimensional contour scanning and recognition of the steel mesh 24 in the work box 21. S3. Connect the external pumping equipment to the rigid pipe 54; the material outlet 52 is connected to the rigid pipe 54 through the hose 53; control the second linear motor module 51 and the linear slide rail device 41 to coordinate their actions through the control console 82, so as to drive the material outlet 52 to move along the X-axis and Y-axis directions, thereby achieving two-dimensional precise material distribution in the work area. S4. When the fabric reaches the preset amount, the third linear motor module 62 is started via the control console 82 to drive the vibrating mechanism 6 to move along the Y-axis; at the same time, the linear motor guide slide 43 is started to drive the gantry robot assembly 44 to move the vibrating mechanism 6 along the X-axis; the servo motor 64 drives the spur gear 637 to mesh with the rack 636, and cooperates with the sliding guide of the first slide rail 631 and the third slider 634, the second slide rail 632 and the fourth slider 635 to control the vibrating rod 65 to adjust along the Z-axis and perform vibration operation; the vibrating rod 65 is connected to the connecting plate 61 through the vibration damping rubber block 66 to reduce the vibration transmitted by vibration; by coordinating the control of the third linear motor module 62, the linear motor guide slide 43 and the servo motor 64, the vibrating rod 65 moves on the construction surface according to the preset S-shaped path to complete the full coverage of the vibration area of ​​the first blank layer; S5. The linear motor guide slide 43 is started through the control console 82, which drives the gantry robot assembly 44 to move the troweling device 7 along the X-axis; the worm motor 712 drives the synchronous belt 713 to drive the spiral rod 716, which is fixedly connected to the second high-torque synchronous pulley 715, to rotate and initially smooth the concrete surface; the fourth linear motor module 73 drives the troweling mechanism mounting plate 734 to reciprocate along the Y-axis to finely smooth the smoothed concrete surface; the geotextile is conveyed through the conveying roller 74 and pressed onto the concrete surface by the troweling and film covering roller 75 to complete the film covering operation; S6. The motion parameters and operation sequence of the moving mechanism 4 and each actuator are uniformly coordinated and controlled by the control system 8, and the test process is recorded and traced. The control system resets each mechanism so that the equipment returns to its initial state.

[0044] The present invention has been illustrated through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that all related improvements to the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An indoor testing device for intelligent construction of concrete with an adjustable panel, comprising a fixed base (1) fixed to the construction surface, characterized in that, An angle-adjustable work box (2) is hinged on the fixed base (1). A moving mechanism (4) is installed on the angle-adjustable work box (2). The moving mechanism (4) integrates a 3D scanning and recognition device (3) for acquiring three-dimensional information of the work surface, a material laying mechanism (5), a vibration mechanism (6), and a finishing device (7) to achieve continuous standardized operation of material laying, vibration, finishing and curing under the same coordinate reference and to execute according to preset position and trajectory. A control system (8) is installed on the outside of the fixed base (1). The control system (8) is used to coordinate and control the motion parameters and operation sequence of the moving mechanism (4) and each actuator and to record and trace the test process.

2. The indoor testing device for intelligent concrete construction with an adjustable panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The angle-adjustable working box (2) includes a working box (21), a servo electric cylinder (23) and a rotating shaft assembly (22). The working box (21) is fixedly equipped with a steel mesh (24). The working box (21) is hinged to the fixed base (1) through the rotating shaft assembly (22). Two servo electric cylinders (23) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the working box (21) to drive the working box (21) to adjust the tilt angle, so that the working conditions of different slopes can be set and reproduced in indoor tests.

3. The indoor testing device for intelligent concrete construction with an adjustable panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The moving mechanism (4) includes a first slider (42), a gantry robot assembly (44), and linear slide rail devices (41) and linear motor guide rail slides (43) symmetrically fixed on the top of both sides of the angle-adjustable work box (2); the first slider (42) is slidably mounted on the linear slide rail device (41), and the gantry robot assembly (44) is mounted on the linear motor guide rail slide (43). Both the first slider (42) and the gantry robot assembly (44) reciprocate along the length direction of the angle-adjustable work box (2).

4. The indoor testing device for intelligent concrete construction with an adjustable panel as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The gantry robot assembly (44) includes a crossbeam mounting plate (441) and an electric cylinder (446). The crossbeam mounting plate (441) is fixedly mounted on two sets of linear motor guide rail slides (43). Gantry support columns (442) are fixedly mounted at both ends of the crossbeam mounting plate (441). The ends of the two sets of gantry support columns (442) away from the crossbeam mounting plate (441) are fixedly connected by crossbeam square tubes (443) to form a gantry. Side mounting plates (444) are fixedly mounted on the two sets of gantry support columns (442). A slide rail (447) is fixedly installed on one side of the side mounting plate (444), and a second slider (448) is slidably installed on the slide rail (447). An electric cylinder (446) is installed on the side mounting plate (444) by setting an electric cylinder pad (445). The telescopic end of the electric cylinder (446) is fixedly connected to the second slider (448), and a fabric feeding mechanism (5) is fixedly connected to one side of the second slider (448) to realize the reciprocating movement of the fabric feeding mechanism (5) along the length direction of the angle-adjustable work box (2).

5. The indoor testing device for intelligent concrete construction with an adjustable panel as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The fabric-laying mechanism (5) includes a second linear motor module (51), a material outlet (52), and a rigid tube (54). The two ends of the second linear motor module (51) are fixedly connected to two sets of second sliders (448). A guide rod is fixedly installed on the second linear motor module (51) along its length direction. A guide block is slidably sleeved on the guide rod. A servo motor is fixedly installed at one end of the second linear motor module (51). A threaded rod is installed at the output end of the servo motor. The threaded rod passes through the guide block and is screwed to the guide block. A guide rod is fixedly installed between the two sets of first sliders (42). A sliding guide block is installed on the guide rod. A linear bearing (55) is installed between the sliding guide block and the guide rod. The rigid tube (54) is fixedly installed on the sliding guide block. A material outlet (52) is fixedly installed on the guide block. A hose (53) is connected to one side of the material outlet (52). The other end of the hose (53) is connected to the rigid tube (54) so ​​that the fabric-laying mechanism (5) can move to cover the entire plane.

6. The indoor testing device for intelligent concrete construction with an adjustable panel as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The 3D scanning and recognition device (3) includes a first square tube (31) fixedly installed on the crossbeam square tube (443), a camera mounting plate (32) fixedly installed on the first square tube (31) along the vertical direction, a first linear motor module (33) fixedly installed on the camera mounting plate (32), a vision camera slide mounting plate (34) slidably installed on the first linear motor module (33), and a laser three-dimensional contour measuring instrument (35) fixedly installed on the vision camera slide mounting plate (34). The laser three-dimensional contour measuring instrument (35) is used to perform three-dimensional contour scanning and recognition of the distribution of the steel mesh (24) on the working surface.

7. The indoor testing device for intelligent concrete construction with an adjustable panel as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The vibrating mechanism (6) includes a connecting plate (61) slidably disposed on the crossbeam square tube (443), and a third linear motor module (62) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate (61); the third linear motor module (62) includes a first frame, and a second frame is nested inside the first frame. The opposite sidewalls of the first frame located in the length direction of the angle-adjustable working box (2) form an opening. The top two sides of the first frame respectively form a first vibrating motor mounting plate (611) and a second vibrating motor mounting plate (613), and the bottom plate of the first frame forms a mounting plate (616); a second square tube (633) is fixedly disposed on the top of the mounting plate (616), and the second frame is spaced around the outer periphery of the second square tube (633); a servo motor (64) is fixedly disposed on the end of the second frame away from the connecting plate (61), and the output shaft of the servo motor (64) is oriented towards the first The second square tube (633) extends and a spur gear (637) is fixedly installed at its end. The spur gear (637) meshes with a rack (636), which is fixedly installed on the second square tube (633). A lifting arm (63) is provided at the second square tube (633). The lifting arm (63) includes a first slide rail (631) and a second slide rail (632) fixed on the outer periphery of the second square tube (633). A third slider (634) is slidably installed on the first slide rail (631), and a fourth slider (635) is slidably installed on the second slide rail (632). The third slider (634) and the fourth slider (635) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second frame. Two sets of vibrating motor mounting plates are respectively installed with vibrating motors. A vibrating rod (65) is installed at the output end of the vibrating motor. The vibrating rod (65) passes through the mounting plate (616) and extends to the top of the angle-adjustable working box (2).

8. The indoor testing device for intelligent concrete construction with an adjustable panel as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The finishing device (7) includes a worm gear smoothing roller assembly (71), a worm gear motor module (72), a fourth linear motor module (73), a conveying roller (74), a finishing and coating small roller (75), and a finishing and coating roller mounting plate (76); the two ends of the crossbeam mounting plate (441) extend towards the length direction of the angle-adjustable work box (2) to form an extension plate, and the finishing and coating roller mounting plates (76) are respectively provided on the extension plate; the worm gear smoothing roller assembly (71) is fixedly installed on the... A crossbeam mounting plate (441) is connected to the worm gear motor module (72) for rotational smoothing operations; the worm gear motor module (72) is fixedly installed on the crossbeam mounting plate (441), the fourth linear motor module (73) is installed on the extension plate of the crossbeam mounting plate (441), the conveying roller (74) and the surface smoothing and coating roller (75) are installed on the surface smoothing and coating roller mounting plate (76) for smoothing, finishing and coating the vibrated concrete surface in sequence.

9. The indoor testing device for intelligent concrete construction with an adjustable panel as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The worm smoothing roller assembly (71) includes a worm motor base (711), a worm motor (712), a synchronous belt (713), a first high-torque synchronous pulley (714), a second high-torque synchronous pulley (715), and a spiral rod (716). The worm motor base (711) is fixedly installed on the crossbeam mounting plate (441), and the worm motor (712) is installed on the crossbeam mounting plate (441). The first high-torque synchronous pulley (714) is fixedly installed at the output end of the worm motor (712), and the second high-torque synchronous pulley (715) is fixedly installed at the end of the spiral rod (716). The first high-torque synchronous pulley (714) and the second high-torque synchronous pulley (715) are connected by a synchronous belt (713).

10. A method for operating the indoor testing device for intelligent construction of concrete with an adjustable panel as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The servo electric cylinder (23) is controlled by the control system (8) to drive the angle-adjustable working box (2) to flip to the preset tilt angle, and the moving mechanism (4) is controlled to move to the preset working start position; the steel mesh (24) inside the angle-adjustable working box (2) is scanned and identified by the 3D scanning and recognition device (3) to obtain the three-dimensional information of the working surface as the measurement and positioning benchmark, and the initial state data is recorded for subsequent comparative analysis; S2. Based on the identification results, the concrete is placed in the corresponding area by the material placement mechanism (5) along the moving mechanism (4) to stabilize the material placement according to the set position and trajectory, and the material placement uniformity and coverage path are used as controllable variables to reduce the randomness of missing material placement and uneven material stacking, and to provide consistent initial conditions for subsequent vibration and finishing. S3. Vibration operation is carried out on the laid concrete by the vibration mechanism (6) to realize the standardized vibration input of different coordinate positions, and to quantify the vibration path, step distance, frequency and time, so as to enhance the reproducibility of indoor test conditions and reduce the interference to measurement. S4. The surface of the vibrated concrete is smoothed and covered with a film by the smoothing device (7) to standardize the smoothing and curing process, reduce human differences and make the curing boundary conditions consistent and comparable, so as to ensure the consistency of the final state and facilitate comparative research on cracks and surface defects. S5. Repeat S2 to S4 until the concrete placement, vibration and troweling of all areas in the work box (21) are completed; then the motion parameters and work sequence of the moving mechanism (4) and each actuator are uniformly coordinated and controlled by the control system (8), and the test process is recorded and traced, and each mechanism is reset so that the equipment returns to its initial state.

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