Shield thick slurry simulation device and simulation method
By designing a shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device, accurate simulation of different construction angles and locations was achieved, providing intuitive observation of slurry diffusion. This solved the problem that existing devices could not simulate complex construction environments, and improved the authenticity and guidance of the test data.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION CO LTD GUANGDONG
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing shield tunneling grout injection simulation devices cannot simulate the construction scenarios of shield tunneling machines under different slopes and inclination angles, and cannot meet the needs of comparative research on the effects of grout injection in different parts. This results in huge deviations between experimental data and actual working conditions, making it difficult to guide engineering practice.
Design a shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device, including a main structure, an injection hole component, a visual structure, and an adjustment structure. The main structure simulates the arc contour of the shield machine, the injection hole component accurately simulates the thick slurry injection position, the visual structure enables real-time observation of the slurry diffusion pattern, and the adjustment structure enables multi-angle simulation, providing an intuitive observation method.
It accurately simulates thick grout injection scenarios at different construction angles and locations, provides clear and accurate observation of grout diffusion morphology, and provides rich and reliable experimental data, thus providing a scientific basis for setting process parameters for shield tunneling thick grout injection.
Smart Images
Figure CN121982964A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of engineering construction simulation experiment technology, and in particular to a shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device and simulation method. Background Technology
[0002] In modern urban infrastructure construction, shield tunneling has become a core technology for constructing underground tunnels due to its numerous advantages. Within the shield tunneling process, thick grout injection is a crucial step in ensuring construction quality and safety. Its functions encompass filling the gap between the shield and the soil layer, preventing soil deformation and collapse, reducing surface settlement, and enhancing the stability of the tunnel structure. However, current thick grout injection techniques for shield tunneling suffer from significant shortcomings in parameter setting. Traditional methods rely excessively on engineers' past experience, lacking scientific and intuitive methods for observing the diffusion behavior of the grout within the shield. This makes it difficult to accurately grasp the actual diffusion path, range, speed, and variations under different working conditions, resulting in significant arbitrariness in process parameter setting and an inability to fully adapt to complex and changing construction environments.
[0003] Existing shield tunneling thick grout injection simulation devices generally suffer from design flaws. Most devices cannot simulate construction scenarios of shield tunneling machines under different slopes and inclination angles, while the actual posture of shield tunneling machines in construction is highly diverse. This limitation severely restricts the comprehensiveness and realism of simulation tests. Furthermore, they cannot meet the needs for comparative studies of the effects of thick grout injection in different locations, resulting in significant deviations between experimental data and actual working conditions, making it difficult to effectively guide engineering practice. These problems hinder the technological innovation and optimization of shield tunneling thick grout injection technology, urgently requiring an innovative simulation testing device to solve these issues. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application aims to solve one of the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art. To this end, embodiments of this application provide a shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device. This application also provides a simulation method based on a shield tunnel thick slurry simulation device.
[0005] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, a shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device is provided, including a main structure, including a first side, a second side, a first end face and a second end face, the first side and the second side are arc-shaped and concentric, the radius of the first side is greater than the radius of the second side, and the extended surfaces of the first end face and the second end face intersect at the circle of the first side or the second side. An injection hole component is disposed within the main structure. The injection hole component includes a first injection hole group, a second injection hole group, and a third injection hole group. The injection hole groups are spaced apart along the width direction of the main structure. The injection hole groups are used for the injection of thick slurry. A visible structure is formed as the first side, the visible structure being used to observe the interior of the main structure; An adjustment structure is installed on the main structure, and the adjustment structure is used to adjust the tilt angle or posture of the main structure.
[0006] The aforementioned shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device has at least the following beneficial effects: It simulates the arc-shaped contour of the shield machine through its main structure, and accurately simulates the thick slurry injection positions of the front, middle, and rear shields of the shield machine through multiple sets of injection holes in the injection hole component; the visible structure simulates the interface gap between the outer side of the shield body and the excavated soil layer, allowing experimental personnel to observe the diffusion morphology, velocity, and other key data after the thick slurry is mixed and injected in real time and clearly through an acrylic transparent plate, providing an intuitive and effective observation method for studying the diffusion law of thick slurry; the adjustable structure settings can achieve multi-angle simulation of the main structure, simulating the thick slurry injection situation at different points. The shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device of this application can accurately simulate thick slurry injection scenarios at different construction angles, different parts of the shield machine, and different circumferential positions. With intuitive and efficient observation methods, it clearly and accurately presents the slurry diffusion morphology, providing rich and reliable experimental data for the scientific setting of shield tunneling thick slurry injection process parameters.
[0007] According to the shield tunneling thick grout simulation device described in the first aspect of this application, the first injection hole group includes a first injection head, a second injection head, and a third injection head. The line connecting the first injection head to the center of the circle on the first side is designated as the first line, the line connecting the second injection head to the center of the circle on the first side is designated as the second line, and the line connecting the third injection head to the center of the circle on the first side is designated as the third line. The angle formed by the first line and the first end face is 3°, the angle formed by the first line and the second line is 25°, and the angle formed by the third line and the second line is 19°.
[0008] According to the shield tunneling thick grout simulation device described in the first aspect of this application, the second injection hole group includes a fourth grouting head, a fifth grouting head, and a sixth grouting head. The line connecting the fourth grouting head to the center of the circle on the first side is designated as the fourth line, the line connecting the fifth grouting head to the center of the circle on the first side is designated as the fifth line, and the line connecting the sixth grouting head to the center of the circle on the first side is designated as the sixth line. The angle formed by the fourth line and the first end face is 10°, the angle formed by the fifth line and the fourth line is 18°, and the angle formed by the sixth line and the fifth line is 14°.
[0009] According to the shield tunnel thick grout simulation device described in the first aspect of this application, the third injection hole group includes a seventh grouting head and an eighth grouting head. The line connecting the seventh grouting head to the center of the first side is called the seventh line, and the line connecting the eighth grouting head to the center of the first side is called the eighth line. The angle formed by the seventh line and the first end face is 17°, and the angle formed by the eighth line and the seventh line is 17°.
[0010] According to the shield tunnel thick grout simulation device described in the first aspect of this application, the grouting heads are all controlled to open and close via manual valves.
[0011] According to the shield tunnel thick slurry simulation device described in the first aspect of this application, the adjustment structure includes at least two steel structure legs, and two adjacent steel structure legs are connected by bolts.
[0012] According to the shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device described in the first aspect of this application, the visible structure includes two arc-shaped acrylic plates, and the joint between the two arc-shaped acrylic plates is sealed with sealant and then connected by fasteners.
[0013] According to the shield tunnel thick slurry simulation device described in the first aspect of this application, there are slide rail grooves around the first side, the slide rail grooves are used for the installation of acrylic plates, the slide rail grooves and the acrylic plates are connected by a sealant layer, wherein an interception plate is provided on the slide rail grooves, and the height of the interception plate is 150mm.
[0014] According to the shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device described in the first aspect of this application, the included angle between the first end face and the second end face is 60°.
[0015] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of this application, a simulation method based on a shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device is provided, comprising the following steps: Device positioning and angle setting: Transport the device to the test site, and adjust the main structure to the predetermined angle and provide stable support according to the requirements using the adjustment structure; Inspection and sealing of visible structures: Inspect the sealing of visible structures and clean the inner surfaces of visible structures; Connect the slurry injection system: Connect the pipeline of the thick slurry mixing and conveying equipment to the inlet end of the selected injection hole group; Injection test: Start the slurry delivery equipment and inject thick slurry according to the slurry ratio, pressure and flow rate set in the test plan; Real-time observation and recording: Through a visual structure and a high-speed camera, the diffusion pattern, flow direction, filling speed, and coverage of the thick slurry in a simulated 150mm gap (between the shield and the soil layer) can be observed and recorded in real time and clearly. Parameter adjustment and comparison: By changing parameters such as the opening combination of the injection hole group, injection flow rate, slurry properties, and device angle, repeat the above steps to conduct multiple sets of comparative tests.
[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description
[0017] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view along the width of the shield tunnel thick slurry simulation device in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first injection hole group in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second injection hole group in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third injection hole group in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the visible structure in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the slide rail groove in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fastener structure in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 .
[0018] Reference numerals: Main structure 1, arc-shaped plate 11, slide rail groove 12, injection hole component 2, first injection hole group 21, first grouting head 211, second grouting head 212, third grouting head 213, second injection hole group 22, fourth grouting head 221, fifth grouting head 222, sixth grouting head 223, third injection hole group 23, seventh grouting head 231, eighth grouting head 232, visible structure 3, left arc-shaped acrylic surface 31, right arc-shaped acrylic panel 32, arc-shaped acrylic strip 33, fastener 34, adjustment structure 4, steel structure support leg 41. Detailed Implementation
[0019] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of this application. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of this application, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.
[0020] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.
[0021] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.
[0022] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.
[0023] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device of this application includes a main structure 1, an injection hole component 2, a visual structure 3, and an adjustment structure 4.
[0024] The main structure 1 includes a first side, a second side, a first end face, and a second end face. The first side and the second side are arc-shaped and concentric. The radius of the first side is greater than the radius of the second side. The extended surfaces of the first end face and the second end face intersect the circle of the first side or the second side, so that the overall shape of the main structure is partially annular.
[0025] Specifically, the first side serves as the outer side of the main structure 1, and the second side serves as the inner side of the main structure 1. All surfaces of the main structure 1 are machined from arc-shaped plates 11. This unique design cleverly simulates the arc-shaped contour of a tunnel boring machine, ensuring the accuracy of the simulation test while effectively controlling the overall size and weight of the device through reasonable size planning.
[0026] The injection hole component 2 is disposed within the main structure 1. The injection hole component 2 includes a first injection hole group 21, a second injection hole group 22 and a third injection hole group 23. The injection hole groups are spaced apart along the width direction of the main structure 1. The injection hole groups are used for the injection of thick grout. Each injection hole group includes multiple grouting heads, and the grouting heads are spaced apart.
[0027] The visible structure 3 is formed as part of the first side and is used to observe the interior of the main structure 1.
[0028] The adjustment structure 4 is installed on the outside of the main structure 1. The adjustment structure 4 is used to adjust the tilt angle or attitude of the main structure 1.
[0029] The main structure 1 simulates the arc-shaped contour of the tunnel boring machine (TBM), and the injection hole component 2 uses multiple injection holes to accurately simulate the grout injection positions of the front, middle, and rear shields of the TBM. The visible structure 3 simulates the interface gap between the outer side of the shield and the excavated soil layer. Researchers can observe the diffusion morphology and velocity of the grout mixture in real time and clearly through an acrylic transparent plate, providing an intuitive and effective observation method for studying the grout diffusion law. The adjustable structure 4 allows for multi-angle simulation of the main structure 1, simulating grout injection at different points. This TBM grout simulation device can accurately simulate grout injection scenarios at different construction angles, different parts of the TBM, and different circumferential positions. With intuitive and efficient observation methods, it clearly and accurately presents the grout diffusion morphology, providing rich and reliable experimental data for the scientific setting of TBM grout injection process parameters.
[0030] In this embodiment, the main structure 1 is made of Q355b steel plate conforming to national standards. It is precisely cut, rolled, and welded according to the design drawings (inner diameter 12.64m, outer diameter 14.34m, corresponding to an arc with a central angle of 60°) to form a main arc-shaped ring structure. The ring is 4m wide. The reinforcing ribs, connectors, and other non-primary load-bearing components of the main structure 1 are made of Q235 steel and welded to the main arc-shaped ring. Slide rail grooves 12 are precisely machined and installed on the four edges of the first side of the main structure 1. The slide rail grooves 12 are designed to ensure sufficient rigidity and a smooth sealing surface. After welding and inspection, the overall structure undergoes necessary surface treatment (such as rust removal and painting). The final assembled main structure 1 weighs approximately 4 tons.
[0031] Specifically, on the inner side of the main structure 1 (along the width direction), holes are drilled at predetermined precise positions to install the first injection hole group 21, the second injection hole group 22, and the third injection hole group 23. For example... Figure 2As shown, with the front side of the main structure 1 as the reference: the center line of the first injection hole group 21 is 630mm away from the front horizontally, the center line of the second injection hole group 22 is 1540mm away from the front horizontally, the center line of the third injection hole group 23 is 2000mm away from the front horizontally, and the rear side (end point in the width direction) of the main structure 1 is 4000mm away from the front horizontally.
[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the first injection hole group 21 includes a first injection head 211, a second injection head 212, and a third injection head 213. Let the line connecting the first injection head 211 to the center of the circle on the first side be the first line, let the line connecting the second injection head 212 to the center of the circle on the first side be the second line, and let the line connecting the third injection head 213 to the center of the circle on the first side be the third line. The angle formed by the first line and the first end face is 3°, the angle formed by the first line and the second line is 25°, and the angle formed by the third line and the second line is 19°.
[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the second injection hole group 22 includes a fourth injection head 221, a fifth injection head 222, and a sixth injection head 223. Let the line connecting the fourth injection head 221 to the center of the circle on the first side be the fourth line, the line connecting the fifth injection head 222 to the center of the circle on the first side be the fifth line, and the line connecting the sixth injection head 223 to the center of the circle on the first side be the sixth line. The angle formed by the fourth line and the first end face is 10°, the angle formed by the fifth line and the fourth line is 18°, and the angle formed by the sixth line and the fifth line is 14°.
[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, the third injection hole group 23 includes a seventh injection head 231 and an eighth injection head 232. Let the line connecting the seventh injection head 231 to the center of the circle on the first side be the seventh line, and let the line connecting the eighth injection head 232 to the center of the circle on the first side be the eighth line. The angle formed by the seventh line and the first end face is 17°, and the angle formed by the eighth line and the seventh line is 17°.
[0035] All grouting heads have a uniform orifice diameter of 2 inches (approximately 50.8 mm), and their opening and closing are controlled by manual valves. Specifically, a corresponding manual valve is installed at the outer end of each injection hole. The manual valve is used to control the opening / closing of the grouting hole and can precisely control the injection flow rate of the thick grout by adjusting the valve stem opening.
[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, the visible structure 3 includes two arc-shaped acrylic sheets. The joint between the two arc-shaped acrylic sheets is sealed with sealant and then connected by fasteners 34.
[0037] Specifically, curved acrylic sheets with excellent transparency, good mechanical properties, and chemical resistance are selected. The visible structure 3 consists of two pieces: a left curved acrylic sheet 31 and a right curved acrylic sheet 32. Each piece is 2m wide, and the total width after splicing covers the 4m width of the main structure 1. At the longitudinal splicing seam between the left and right acrylic sheets, and at the segmented connection points in the curved direction as needed, multiple curved acrylic strips 33 are used for overlapping and covering.
[0038] To facilitate the installation of the visible structure 3, slide rail grooves 12 are provided around the first side. The slide rail grooves 12 are used for mounting the acrylic sheet, and the slide rail grooves 12 are connected to the acrylic sheet via a sealant layer. For example... Figure 7 As shown, a baffle plate is provided on the slide rail groove 12, and the height of the baffle plate is 150mm.
[0039] Carefully place the left arc-shaped acrylic sheet 31, the right arc-shaped acrylic sheet 32, and multiple arc-shaped acrylic strips 33 onto the slide rail groove 12 at the top of the main structure 1. Evenly fill the gap between the slide rail groove 12 and the acrylic sheet with high-quality sealant (such as silicone sealant) to form a sealant layer, ensuring a complete seal and preventing leakage during thick slurry testing.
[0040] At the seam between the left curved acrylic plate 31 and the right curved acrylic plate 32 (the area covered by the curved acrylic strip 33), fasteners 34 (consisting of a screw, nut, and sealing gasket) are used for tightening and sealing. The structure of fastener 34 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown. Specific operation: Pre-drill holes on the acrylic sheets (or connected acrylic strips) on both sides of the seam, pass the screw through, install washers at both ends of the screw and tighten the nuts to compress the sealing gaskets and achieve a reliable seal at the seam.
[0041] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the adjustment structure 4 includes at least two steel structure legs 41, and two adjacent steel structure legs 41 are connected by bolts.
[0042] That is, the main structure 1 is equipped with multiple steel structure legs 41, which are made of high-strength steel (such as Q460 or higher strength grade) to ensure sufficient load-bearing capacity and stability.
[0043] The steel structure legs 41 can be equipped with adjustable feet or fixed bases at the bottom, and the tops are firmly connected to the pre-set connection points at the bottom of the main structure 1 via hinges or flanges. This allows the required placement angle (facade tilt angle) of the main structure 1 to be determined according to the simulated shield machine posture (such as horizontal advancement, slope advancement, vertical shaft advancement, etc.) required for the test. Specifically, the tilt angle of the entire main structure can be precisely adjusted by individually adjusting the height of each leg or changing the position of the support point at the bottom of the leg on the pre-set track or platform.
[0044] In some embodiments, the device angle is set as follows Figure 9 As shown: Install two support legs. Adjust the height of one leg to 2666mm and the height of the other leg to 3160mm (the specific height values are calculated based on the required tilt angle) to make the device tilt at a specific angle.
[0045] Device angle setting two Figure 10 As shown: Install a support leg and adjust its height to 6025mm (or a value close to the device height), while the other end of the main structure 1 is reliably fixed (e.g., against a vertical support surface or through auxiliary support).
[0046] The outriggers are designed with pre-installed interfaces, allowing for replacement with hydraulic lifting outriggers, electric telescopic outriggers, etc., to achieve more convenient and automated angle adjustment.
[0047] This application also provides a simulation method based on the above-mentioned shield tunnel thick slurry simulation device, the specific steps of which are as follows: Device positioning and angle setting: Transport the device to the test site, and according to the test plan requirements, use the adjustment structure 4 to adjust the main structure 1 to the predetermined angle and provide stable support.
[0048] Inspection and sealing of the observation structure: Inspect the sealing of the visible structure 3, ensure that all joints (screw gaskets) and the sealant of the slide rail groove 12 are intact and leak-free, and clean the inner surface of the observation window.
[0049] Connect the slurry injection system: Connect the piping of the thick slurry mixing and conveying equipment to the manual valve inlet of the selected injection port group. Determine which injection ports to open (single port, multiple ports, or all ports can be opened) according to the test plan.
[0050] Injection Test: Start the slurry delivery equipment. Control the opening and flow rate of specific injection holes using manual valves. Inject the slurry according to the slurry mix ratio, pressure, and flow rate set in the test plan.
[0051] Real-time observation and recording: Through a transparent visual structure 3, researchers can observe and record key phenomena such as the diffusion pattern, flow direction, filling speed, and coverage of the thick slurry within a simulated 150mm gap (between the shield and the soil layer) in real time and with clear visibility. High-speed cameras and other equipment can be used to assist in recording.
[0052] Parameter adjustment and comparison: By changing parameters such as injection hole combination, injection flow rate, slurry properties, and device angle, repeat the above steps to conduct multiple sets of comparative tests.
[0053] Test Completion and Cleanup: Stop grout injection, close all manual valves, and disassemble the grout delivery pipeline. Cleaning Procedure: Loosen and remove the nuts and bolts of fasteners 34 at the joints. Carefully remove (or partially remove) the curved acrylic strip 33 and the left / right acrylic panels. Thoroughly clean the interior of the device (the gap between the inner wall of the main structure 1 and the acrylic panels) using a high-pressure water gun, scraper, and other specialized tools to remove any remaining grout. After cleaning, reinstall the acrylic panels and acrylic strips as before, reinstall and tighten the fasteners 34, restore the seal, and prepare for the next test.
[0054] Data analysis: Organize and analyze observation records and experimental data (such as flow rate, pressure, time, diffusion images, etc.) to study the diffusion law of thick slurry, and provide optimization basis for key process parameters such as hole location selection, flow control, and pressure setting for thick slurry injection in actual shield tunneling construction.
[0055] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application.
Claims
1. A shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device, characterized in that: include The main structure includes a first side, a second side, a first end face, and a second end face. The first side and the second side are arc-shaped and concentric. The radius of the first side is greater than the radius of the second side. The extended surfaces of the first end face and the second end face intersect at the circle of the first side or the second side. An injection hole component is disposed within the main structure. The injection hole component includes a first injection hole group, a second injection hole group, and a third injection hole group. The injection hole groups are spaced apart along the width direction of the main structure. The injection hole groups are used for the injection of thick slurry. A visible structure is formed as the first side, the visible structure being used to observe the interior of the main structure; An adjustment structure is installed on the main structure, and the adjustment structure is used to adjust the tilt angle or posture of the main structure.
2. The shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first injection hole group includes a first injection head, a second injection head, and a third injection head. Let the line connecting the first injection head to the center of the circle on the first side be the first line, let the line connecting the second injection head to the center of the circle on the first side be the second line, and let the line connecting the third injection head to the center of the circle on the first side be the third line. The angle formed by the first line and the first end face is 3°, the angle formed by the first line and the second line is 25°, and the angle formed by the third line and the second line is 19°.
3. The shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second injection hole group includes a fourth injection head, a fifth injection head, and a sixth injection head. Let the line connecting the fourth injection head to the center of the circle on the first side be the fourth line, the line connecting the fifth injection head to the center of the circle on the first side be the fifth line, and the line connecting the sixth injection head to the center of the circle on the first side be the sixth line. The angle formed by the fourth line and the first end face is 10°, the angle formed by the fifth line and the fourth line is 18°, and the angle formed by the sixth line and the fifth line is 14°.
4. The shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third injection hole group includes a seventh injection head and an eighth injection head. The line connecting the seventh injection head to the center of the circle on the first side is called the seventh line, and the line connecting the eighth injection head to the center of the circle on the first side is called the eighth line. The angle formed by the seventh line and the first end face is 17°, and the angle formed by the eighth line and the seventh line is 17°.
5. The shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: All grouting heads are controlled to open and close via manual valves.
6. The shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment structure includes at least two steel structural legs, with adjacent steel structural legs connected by bolts.
7. The shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visible structure comprises two arc-shaped acrylic sheets, and the joint between the two arc-shaped acrylic sheets is sealed with sealant and then connected by fasteners.
8. The shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first side is provided with slide rail grooves around its perimeter. The slide rail grooves are used for mounting the acrylic sheet. The slide rail grooves and the acrylic sheet are connected by a sealant layer. An interceptor plate is provided on the slide rail grooves. The height of the interceptor plate is 150mm.
9. The shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the first end face and the second end face is 60°.
10. A simulation method based on the shield tunneling thick slurry simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Device positioning and angle setting: Transport the device to the test site, and adjust the main structure to the predetermined angle and provide stable support according to the requirements using the adjustment structure; Inspection and sealing of visible structures: Inspect the sealing of visible structures and clean the inner surfaces of visible structures; Connect the slurry injection system: Connect the pipeline of the thick slurry mixing and conveying equipment to the inlet end of the selected injection hole group; Injection test: Start the slurry delivery equipment and inject thick slurry according to the slurry ratio, pressure and flow rate set in the test plan; Real-time observation and recording: Through a visual structure and a high-speed camera, the diffusion pattern, flow direction, filling speed, and coverage of the thick slurry in a simulated 150mm gap (between the shield and the soil layer) can be observed and recorded in real time and clearly. Parameter adjustment and comparison: By changing parameters such as the opening combination of the injection hole group, injection flow rate, slurry properties, and device angle, repeat the above steps to conduct multiple sets of comparative tests.