Automatic seedling tray continuous conveying and tray arranging device and tray arranging method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic seedling tray continuous conveying and tray arranging device and a tray arranging method thereof. A conveying mechanism is arranged at the front end of a rack, a supporting frame in a switching mechanism and the rack form a sliding pair, a U-shaped switching disc and the supporting frame form a sliding pair in the vertical direction, and the U-shaped switching disc and the supporting frame are arranged at the output end of the conveying mechanism; two mounting plates in the disc dividing mechanism are fixed at the rear end of the rack, and two disc dividing screw rods which are vertically arranged are hinged to each mounting plate; supporting and positioning mechanisms are arranged on the two mounting plates, two first chain transmission mechanisms are arranged in the supporting and positioning mechanisms at intervals, and two stop blocks arranged at intervals are fixed to a chain of each first chain transmission mechanism; and a lifting platform in the lifting bearing mechanism is arranged between the two mounting plates and is driven by a lifting mechanism to lift. According to the invention, the continuous tray placing operation of the seedling trays can be realized, the machine does not need to be stopped, and the seedling tray placing efficiency is relatively high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to an automated continuous seedling tray conveying and tray-positioning device and its tray-positioning method. Background Technology

[0002] In large-scale seedling raising and transplanting operations, the conveying and feeding of seedling trays is one of the key processes. Existing seedling tray conveying equipment mostly adopts a single-batch feeding mode, meaning that a new stack of seedling trays can only be added after the previous stack has been completely conveyed, leading to operational interruptions and low tray placement efficiency. Furthermore, some equipment lacks a stable support structure during tray placement, making it prone to tray misalignment and tipping, affecting the accuracy of subsequent tray separation and transplanting. In addition, traditional tray separation mechanisms often suffer from incomplete separation and tray jamming, further restricting overall operational efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automated seedling tray handling device that can achieve continuous feeding, stable tray placement, and precise tray separation to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose an automated continuous seedling tray conveying and tray placement device and its placement method.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention discloses an automated continuous seedling tray conveying and tray-positioning device, comprising a frame, a movable chassis, a conveying mechanism, a transfer mechanism, a lifting and receiving mechanism, a tray-dividing mechanism, a support and positioning mechanism, and a tray-positioning mechanism. The frame is driven to move by the movable chassis; the conveying mechanism is located at the front end of the frame, and the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism is horizontal and parallel to the forward direction of the frame.

[0006] The transfer mechanism includes a support frame, a U-shaped transfer plate, an electric push rod, and a lifting cylinder. The support frame and the machine frame form a sliding pair parallel to the forward direction of the machine frame. The electric push rod is hinged to the machine frame and the support frame at both ends. The U-shaped transfer plate is located at the output end of two belt transmission mechanisms and is positioned above the support frame, forming a vertical sliding pair with the support frame. It is driven to rise and fall by a vertically positioned lifting cylinder. A limit switch is provided on the upper surface of the U-shaped transfer plate. The lifting and receiving mechanism is located at the rear end of the machine frame and consists of a lifting platform and a lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism drives the horizontally positioned lifting platform to rise and fall.

[0007] The disc-splitting mechanism includes mounting plates, disc-splitting screws, and a drive assembly. Two vertically spaced mounting plates are fixed to the rear end of the frame and perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame. Two vertically spaced disc-splitting screws are hinged to adjacent sides of each mounting plate. The two disc-splitting screws on each mounting plate are synchronously driven to rotate by a drive assembly. The top of the mounting plate closest to the front end of the frame is located in the middle of the mounting plate furthest from the front end. The four disc-splitting screws are arranged in a rectangular array. A lifting and receiving mechanism is located inside the four disc-splitting screws, and an infrared displacement sensor is installed on one of the mounting plates. A support and positioning mechanism is provided on adjacent sides of the two mounting plates. The support and positioning mechanism includes blocks and a chain drive mechanism. Two chain drive mechanisms are spaced apart and located outside the corresponding two disc-splitting screws, synchronously driven by the drive assembly. Two spaced blocks are fixed to the chain of the chain drive mechanism.

[0008] The swivel mechanism includes a sloping plate and a belt drive mechanism. The upper end of the sloping plate is hinged to the rear end of the frame, and the lower end is hinged to two auxiliary wheels arranged at a distance. The belt drive mechanism has two belts arranged at a distance. The input ends of the two belt drive mechanisms are located on the frame and below each disc screw, and the output ends are located at the sloping plate. The two belt drive mechanisms are synchronously driven by the drive assembly. The distance between the two belt drive mechanisms is less than the distance between the two disc screws on each mounting plate. The lifting and receiving mechanism is located between the two belt drive mechanisms.

[0009] Preferably, the conveying mechanism consists of two parallel and spaced belt drive mechanisms, the conveying direction of which is horizontal and parallel to the forward direction of the frame, and the two belt drive mechanisms are synchronously driven by a drive assembly.

[0010] More preferably, the drive assembly four includes a drive shaft one, a chain drive mechanism two, and a drive motor one. The drive shaft one is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame and forms a rotating pair with the frame. The housing of the drive motor one is fixed to the frame. The output shaft of the drive motor one is connected to the middle of the drive shaft one through the chain drive mechanism two. Both ends of the drive shaft one are fixed to the two drive pulleys one of the belt drive mechanism two.

[0011] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a chain drive mechanism three, a drive shaft two, a chain drive mechanism four, and a drive motor two. The two vertically arranged and spaced drive shafts two form a rotating pair with the corresponding mounting plates and are connected through the chain drive mechanism three. The housing of the drive motor two is fixed on the corresponding mounting plate. The output shaft of the drive motor two is connected to one of the drive shafts two through the chain drive mechanism four. The two drive shafts two are coaxially fixed with the two disc screws respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the second drive assembly includes a third drive shaft, a fifth chain drive mechanism, and a third drive motor. The third drive shaft, which is horizontal and perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame, forms a rotating pair with the corresponding mounting plate. The housing of the third drive motor is fixed on the corresponding mounting plate. The output shaft of the third drive motor is connected to the third drive shaft through the fifth chain drive mechanism. Both ends of the third drive shaft are fixed to the drive sprockets of the two first chain drive mechanisms.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting mechanism is a scissor lift.

[0014] Preferably, the belt drive mechanism one includes a belt, a driving pulley two, a driven pulley, and a tension pulley group. The driving pulley two is hinged to the mounting plate near the front end of the frame, and the driven pulley is hinged to the inclined plate and connected to the driving pulley two via the belt. A tension pulley group is provided between the driving pulley two and the driven pulley. The tension pulley group consists of two tension pulleys arranged vertically at a distance. Both tension pulleys are hinged to the frame and tension the belt. The portion of the belt between the driving pulley two and the tension pulley group is horizontally arranged, and the portion between the driven pulley and the tension pulley group is parallel to the inclined plate. The horizontally arranged portions of the belts of the two belt drive mechanisms one are located below each distributor screw. The lifting and receiving mechanism is located between the horizontally arranged portions of the two belts. The driving pulley two of the two belt drive mechanisms one is synchronously driven by a drive assembly three located on the mounting plate near the front end of the frame.

[0015] More preferably, the drive assembly three includes a transmission shaft four and a drive motor four. The transmission shaft four is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame, forming a rotating pair with the corresponding mounting plate, and is driven to rotate by the drive motor four. Both ends of the transmission shaft four are fixed to two drive pulleys two of the transmission mechanism one.

[0016] The present invention discloses a tray-laying method for an automated continuous seedling tray conveying and laying device, the details of which are as follows:

[0017] The mobile chassis drives the frame to move to the seedling tray placement area and places a stack of seedling trays on the conveyor mechanism. In the initial state, the lifting platform is located below the belt of each belt drive mechanism. One of the stops on the chain of the chain drive mechanism is located at the bottom end of the chain near the mounting plate, and the other stop is located at the top end of the chain on the other side.

[0018] The conveying mechanism transports the stack of seedling trays to the two arms of the U-shaped transfer plate. Limit switches on the U-shaped transfer plate detect the stack of seedling trays, and the controller extends the electric push rod, pushing the U-shaped support frame to move the U-shaped transfer plate and the stack of seedling trays horizontally above the lifting platform, with the lifting platform positioned between the two arms of the U-shaped transfer plate. Then, the lifting mechanism drives the lifting platform to a preset height, positioning it between the U-shaped support frame and the U-shaped transfer plate. The controller then controls the solenoid valve to drive the lifting cylinder, lowering the U-shaped transfer plate and the stack of seedling trays, placing the stack of seedling trays on the lifting platform and separating them from the U-shaped transfer plate. The controller then shortens the electric push rod, pulling the U-shaped support frame back to its original position. Finally, the controller controls the solenoid valve to drive the lifting cylinder, raising the U-shaped transfer plate back to its original position. The rear controller controls the lifting mechanism to drive the lifting platform to its original position. When the lifting platform descends, it also lowers the stack of seedling trays, so that the outer edge of the lowest-positioned seedling tray in the stack contacts the upper end of the spiral blades of each of the four dividing screws, thus placing the stack of seedling trays on the spiral blades of the four dividing screws. Each drive component drives each dividing screw to rotate. As each dividing screw rotates, the spiral blades of each dividing screw separate each seedling tray in the stack and convey each seedling tray downwards, so that each seedling tray in the stack falls sequentially to the input end of the two belt drive mechanisms. At the same time, drive component three drives the two belt drive mechanisms to work, moving the chassis to drive the frame forward. The two belt drive mechanisms convey each seedling tray to the ground in sequence, and as the frame moves forward, each seedling tray is placed on the ground in sequence.

[0019] As the frame advances, when the infrared displacement sensor detects that the height of the seedling tray at the highest position on each distributor screw has reached the preset height value, each drive component 2 drives each chain drive mechanism 1 to work. Each chain drive mechanism 1 moves the top stop block to the preset height, positioned above the remaining seedling trays on each distributor screw. A new stack of seedling trays is placed on the conveying mechanism, which transports the new stack of seedling trays to the U-shaped transfer plate. The limit switch on the U-shaped transfer plate detects the new stack of seedling trays, and the controller controls the electric push rod to extend, pushing the U-shaped support frame to move the U-shaped transfer plate and the new stack of seedling trays horizontally to directly above the lifting platform. The U-shaped transfer plate is positioned between the two chain drive mechanisms 1 of each support positioning mechanism. The lifting cylinder drives the U-shaped transfer plate to move the U-shaped transfer plate to the top of the lifting platform. The U-shaped transfer plate descends, placing a new stack of seedling trays on a stop at a preset height, separating them from the U-shaped transfer plate. The controller then controls the electric push rod to shorten, pulling the U-shaped support frame to return the U-shaped transfer plate to its original position. Simultaneously, the controller controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to drive the lifting cylinder, raising the U-shaped transfer plate to its original position. Next, drive assembly two drives chain transmission mechanism one, causing the stop at the preset height and the new stack of seedling trays to continue descending at a preset speed, placing the new stack of seedling trays on the remaining seedling trays on each dividing screw. Then, drive assembly two drives chain transmission mechanism one, causing the stop to descend synchronously with each seedling tray at a preset speed until the stop passes the lowest point of the corresponding chain transmission mechanism one and rotates to the side of the chain closest to the mounting plate, while another stop rotates to the top of the other side of the chain.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] This invention enables continuous tray placement without machine downtime, achieving high tray placement efficiency. Specifically, the invention uses a conveying mechanism to transport a stack of seedling trays to a U-shaped transfer plate of a transfer mechanism. An electric push rod in the transfer mechanism pushes a U-shaped support frame, causing the U-shaped transfer plate and the stack of seedling trays to move horizontally above the lifting platform of a lifting receiving mechanism. The lifting mechanism then drives the lifting platform to a preset height. A lifting cylinder lowers the U-shaped transfer plate and the stack of seedling trays, placing the stack of seedling trays on the lifting platform. The electric push rod then pushes the U-shaped support frame, returning the U-shaped transfer plate to its original position. The lifting mechanism then lowers the lifting platform to... The stack of seedling trays is moved from its original position to the upper end of the spiral blades of the four separating screws in the tray-separating mechanism. The four separating screws rotate synchronously, separating the stack of seedling trays from bottom to top and conveying them downwards. Each seedling tray is then sequentially conveyed to the input end of the two belt drive mechanisms of the tray-laying mechanism, and then sequentially conveyed to the ground by the two belt drive mechanisms. As the moving chassis drives the frame forward, the seedling trays are placed sequentially on the ground, thus realizing the tray-laying operation. When the infrared displacement sensor detects... When the height of the seedling tray at its highest position on each of the sub-disc screws reaches the preset height value, each chain drive mechanism in the support and positioning mechanism drives the top stop block to move to the preset height. The conveying mechanism then transports a new stack of seedling trays to the U-shaped transfer plate. The transfer mechanism then moves the new stack of seedling trays horizontally to directly above the lifting platform. The lifting cylinder drives the U-shaped transfer plate and the new stack of seedling trays to descend, placing the new stack of seedling trays on the four stops. The transfer mechanism returns to its original position, and each chain drive mechanism drives the stop block at the preset height and the new stack of seedling trays... As the seedling trays descend, a new stack of seedling trays is placed on the remaining trays on the four separating screws. This allows for the stacking of old and new seedling trays without stopping the machine, avoiding operational interruptions and enabling continuous tray placement, thus significantly improving conveying efficiency. The separating screws separate each seedling tray individually, preventing issues such as tray jamming and incomplete separation. The four separating screws and four stops form symmetrical support points, supporting and positioning the seedling tray stack to prevent tray displacement and tipping, ensuring placement accuracy. Furthermore, in this invention, the distribution of the screws in each tray only supports the front and rear sides of the seedling tray, without supporting the left and right sides. The left and right sides of the seedling tray can extend beyond the screws in each tray, thus allowing the lateral dimensions of the frame and inclined plate perpendicular to the forward direction to be designed to be close to or even equal to the length of the seedling tray. When multiple automated seedling tray continuous conveying and placing devices are set up to simultaneously place each row of seedling trays, the sides of the frames and inclined plates of adjacent automated seedling tray continuous conveying and placing devices can fit together. The spacing between seedling trays on adjacent automated seedling tray continuous conveying and placing devices can be very small or even fit together, resulting in almost no gaps between adjacent rows of seedling trays placed on the ground, increasing the utilization rate of the seedling tray placing area and reducing space waste. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 The present invention removes the structural three-dimensionality of the driving component four. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 2 The present invention removes the structural three-dimensionality of the driving component four. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 3 The side view of the structure of the driving component four is removed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of some of the frames, conveying mechanisms and transfer mechanisms in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partial disk-splitting mechanism and partial support and positioning mechanism located on the mounting plate away from the front end of the frame in this invention.

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Rear view;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the partial disc-dividing mechanism and partial support and positioning mechanism located on the mounting plate near the front end of the frame in this invention;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Rear view;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism in this invention transporting a stack of seedling trays to the transfer mechanism;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer mechanism in this invention conveying a stack of seedling trays to the lifting and receiving mechanism;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism in this invention transporting a new stack of seedling trays to the transfer mechanism;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention where the support and positioning mechanism transports a new stack of seedling trays to the remaining seedling trays on the tray-separating mechanism;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when using two automated seedling trays for continuous conveying and tray placement.

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when using a three-automated continuous seedling tray conveying and tray-arranging device for seedling tray arrangement. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides an automated continuous seedling tray conveying and tray-laying device, comprising a frame 1, a movable chassis 2, a conveying mechanism 3, a transfer mechanism 4, a lifting and receiving mechanism 5, a tray-separating mechanism 6, a support and positioning mechanism 7, and a tray-laying mechanism 8.

[0038] The frame 1 is driven to move by the mobile chassis 2; the transmission mechanism 3 is located at the front end of the frame 1 and consists of two parallel and spaced belt drive mechanisms 31. The transmission direction of the belt drive mechanisms 31 is horizontal and parallel to the forward direction of the frame 1. The two belt drive mechanisms 31 are synchronously driven by the drive assembly 32.

[0039] The transfer mechanism 4 includes a support frame 41, a U-shaped transfer plate 42, an electric push rod 43, and a lifting cylinder 44. The support frame 41 and the frame 1 form a sliding pair parallel to the forward direction of the frame 1. The electric push rod 43 is hinged at both ends to the frame 1 and the support frame 41. The U-shaped transfer plate 42 is located at the output ends of two belt drive mechanisms 31 and is positioned above the support frame 41, forming a vertical sliding pair with the support frame 41. It is driven to lift by the vertically positioned lifting cylinder 44. A limit switch is provided on the upper surface of the U-shaped transfer plate 42 to detect whether there is a seedling tray on the U-shaped transfer plate 42. The lifting and receiving mechanism 5 is located at the rear end of the frame 1 and includes a lifting platform 51 and a lifting mechanism 52. The lifting platform 51 is horizontally positioned and is driven to lift by the lifting mechanism 52 located on the frame 1. The lifting mechanism 52 is a scissor lift.

[0040] The tray-separating mechanism 6 includes a mounting plate 61, tray-separating screws 62, and a drive assembly 63. Two vertically arranged and spaced mounting plates 61 are fixed to the rear end of the frame 1 and are perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame 1. Two vertically arranged and spaced tray-separating screws 62 are hinged to adjacent sides of the two mounting plates 61. The two tray-separating screws 62 on each mounting plate 61 are synchronously driven to rotate by a drive assembly 63. The top of the mounting plate 61 near the front end of the frame 1 is located in the middle of the mounting plate 61 away from the front end of the frame 1. The four tray-separating screws 62 are arranged in a rectangular array. The lifting and receiving mechanism 5 is located inside the four tray-separating screws 62. An infrared displacement sensor is provided on the mounting plate 61 away from the front end of the frame 1. The infrared displacement sensor is used to detect the height of the highest tray in a stack of seedling trays located on each tray-separating screw 62. Each of the two mounting plates 61 has a support positioning mechanism 7 on an adjacent side. The support positioning mechanism 7 includes a stop block 71 and a chain drive mechanism 72. The chain drive mechanism 72 has two spaced-apart blocks. The two chain drive mechanisms 72 are located outside the corresponding two split screws 62 and are driven synchronously by the drive assembly 73. Two spaced-apart blocks 71 are fixed on the chain of the chain drive mechanism 72.

[0041] The swivel mechanism 8 includes a sloping plate 81 and a belt drive mechanism 82. The upper end of the sloping plate 81 is hinged to the rear end of the frame 1, and the lower end is hinged to two auxiliary wheels 83 arranged at intervals. The belt drive mechanism 82 includes a belt, a second driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a tension pulley assembly. The second driving pulley is hinged to a mounting plate 61 near the front end of the frame 1. The driven pulley is hinged to the sloping plate 81 and connected to the second driving pulley via a belt. A tension pulley assembly is provided between the second driving pulley and the driven pulley. The tension pulley assembly consists of two tension pulleys arranged at intervals, both of which are hinged to the frame 1 and tension the belt. The portion located between the driving pulley and the tensioning pulley group is horizontally arranged, and the portion located between the driven pulley and the tensioning pulley group is parallel to the inclined plate 81; the belt drive mechanism 82 has two belts arranged at a distance, and the horizontally arranged portions of the belts of the two belt drive mechanisms 82 are located below each distributor screw 62, and the distance between the two belt drive mechanisms 82 is less than the distance between the two distributor screws 62 on each mounting plate; the lifting and receiving mechanism 5 is located between the horizontally arranged portions of the two belts; the driving pulleys of the two belt drive mechanisms 82 are synchronously driven by the drive assembly 84 located on the mounting plate 61 near the front end of the frame 1.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the drive assembly 32 includes a drive shaft 321, a chain drive mechanism 322, and a drive motor. The drive shaft 321 is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame 1 and forms a rotating pair with the frame 1. The housing of the drive motor is fixed to the frame 1. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the middle of the drive shaft 321 through the chain drive mechanism 322. Both ends of the drive shaft 321 are fixed to the drive pulleys 1 of the two belt drive mechanisms 31.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the drive assembly 63 includes a chain drive mechanism 631, a drive shaft 632, a chain drive mechanism 633, and a drive motor 634. The two vertically arranged and spaced drive shafts 632 form a rotating pair with their respective mounting plates 61 and are connected by the chain drive mechanism 631. The housing of the drive motor 632 is fixed on the corresponding mounting plate 61. The output shaft of the drive motor 632 is connected to one of the drive shafts 632 through the chain drive mechanism 633. The two drive shafts 632 are coaxially fixed with the two distributor screws 62 respectively.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, drive assembly 2 73 includes drive shaft 3 731, chain drive mechanism 5 732 and drive motor 3 733. Drive shaft 3 731, which is horizontal and perpendicular to the forward direction of frame 1, forms a rotating pair with the corresponding mounting plate 61. The housing of drive motor 3 is fixed on the corresponding mounting plate 61. The output shaft of drive motor 3 is connected to drive shaft 3 731 through chain drive mechanism 5 732. Both ends of drive shaft 3 731 are fixed to the drive sprockets of the two chain drive mechanisms 1 72.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the drive assembly 3 84 includes a drive shaft 4 841 and a drive motor 4 842. The drive shaft 4 841 is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame, forming a rotating pair with the corresponding mounting plate 61, and is driven to rotate by the drive motor 4 842. The two ends of the drive shaft 4 841 are fixed to the drive pulleys 2 of the two belt drive mechanisms 1 82.

[0046] Among them, the lifting cylinder 44 is connected to the air pump through the electromagnetic reversing valve. The electromagnetic reversing valve, electric push rod 43, lifting mechanism 52, drive motor one, drive motor two 634, drive motor three 733 and drive motor four 842 are all controlled by the controller. The signal output terminals of the limit switch and infrared displacement sensor are all connected to the controller.

[0047] The present invention discloses a tray-laying method for an automated continuous seedling tray conveying and laying device, the details of which are as follows:

[0048] The mobile chassis 2 drives the frame 1 to move to the seedling tray placement area. (By manual means or another conveyor) a stack of seedling trays is placed on the two belt drive mechanisms 31 of the conveyor mechanism 3. In the initial state, the lifting platform 51 is located below the belt of each belt drive mechanism 82. One of the stops on the chain of the chain drive mechanism 72 is located at the bottom end of the chain near the mounting plate 61, and the other stop is located at the top end of the chain on the other side.

[0049] Two belt drive mechanisms 31 transport the stack of seedling trays to the two arms of the U-shaped transfer plate 42. Limit switches on the U-shaped transfer plate 42 detect the stack of seedling trays, and the controller controls the electric push rod 3 to extend, pushing the U-shaped support frame 41 to move the U-shaped transfer plate 42 and the stack of seedling trays horizontally above the lifting platform 51. The lifting platform 51 is positioned between the two arms of the U-shaped transfer plate 42. Figure 9 As shown; then, the lifting mechanism 52 drives the lifting platform 51 to rise to a preset height, positioning the lifting platform 51 between the U-shaped support frame 41 and the U-shaped transfer plate 42. The controller controls the solenoid reversing valve to drive the lifting cylinder 19, causing the U-shaped transfer plate 4 and the stack of seedling trays to descend, placing the stack of seedling trays on the lifting platform 51 and separating them from the U-shaped transfer plate. The controller controls the electric push rod 3 to shorten, pulling the U-shaped support frame 41 and causing the U-shaped transfer plate to return to its original position. The controller controls the solenoid reversing valve to drive the lifting cylinder 44, causing the U-shaped transfer plate 42 to rise to its original position. Figure 10As shown; then the controller controls the lifting mechanism 52 to drive the lifting platform 51 to descend to its original position. When the lifting platform 51 descends, it drives the stack of seedling trays to descend, so that the outer edge of the seedling tray at the lowest position in the stack of seedling trays contacts the upper end of the spiral blades of each dividing screw 62, thereby placing the stack of seedling trays on the spiral blades of the four dividing screws 62; each drive component 63 drives each dividing screw 62 to rotate. As each dividing screw 62 rotates, the spiral blades of each dividing screw 62 separate each seedling tray in the stack of seedling trays one by one and convey each seedling tray downwards, so that each seedling tray in the stack of seedling trays falls sequentially to the input end of the two belt drive mechanisms 82. At the same time, the drive component 3 drives the two belt drive mechanisms 82 to work, the moving chassis 2 drives the frame 1 to move forward, and the two belt drive mechanisms 82 convey each seedling tray to the ground in sequence. As the frame 1 moves forward, each seedling tray is placed on the ground in sequence, thereby realizing the seedling tray placement work.

[0050] As the frame 1 moves forward, when the infrared displacement sensor 24 detects that the height of the seedling tray at the highest position on each dividing screw 62 has reached the preset height value, each drive component 2 drives each chain drive mechanism 72 to work. Each chain drive mechanism 72 moves the top stop block to the preset height and positions it above the remaining seedling trays on each dividing screw 62. A new stack of seedling trays is placed on the conveying mechanism 3, which then transports the new stack of seedling trays to the U-shaped transfer plate 42. Figure 11 As shown, the limit switch on the U-shaped adapter plate 42 detects a new stack of seedling trays. The controller controls the electric push rod 3 to extend, pushing the U-shaped support frame 41 to move the U-shaped adapter plate 42 and the new stack of seedling trays horizontally to directly above the lifting platform 51. The U-shaped adapter plate 42 is positioned between the two chain drive mechanisms of each support positioning mechanism 7. The lifting cylinder 19 drives the U-shaped adapter plate 4 to descend, placing the new stack of seedling trays on the stops at the preset heights, separating them from the U-shaped adapter plate. The controller controls the electric push rod 3 to shorten, pulling the U-shaped support frame 41 to return the U-shaped adapter plate to its original position. It also controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to drive the lifting cylinder 44 to raise the U-shaped adapter plate 42 to its original position. Then, the drive assembly 2 drives the chain drive mechanism 72 to continue descending the stops 71 at the preset heights and the new stack of seedling trays, placing the new stack of seedling trays on the remaining seedling trays on each dividing screw 62. Figure 12 As shown, the drive component 2 drives the chain transmission mechanism 1 72 to drive the stop 71 to descend synchronously with each seedling tray at a preset speed, so as to avoid interference between each stop 71 and the seedling tray, until the stop passes the lowest end of the corresponding chain transmission mechanism 1 and turns to the side of the chain near the mounting plate 61, while the other stop 71 turns to the top of the other side of the chain, thus ensuring continuous operation when a row of seedling trays is placed.

[0051] When multiple rows of seedling trays need to be arranged, the movable chassis 2 drives the frame 1 to move along a serpentine path. Whenever the movable chassis 2 drives the frame 1 to turn, the tray-separating mechanism 6 and the tray-arranging mechanism 8 pause operation. Whenever the movable chassis 2 drives the frame 1 to move in a straight line, the tray-separating mechanism 6 and the tray-arranging mechanism 8 continue operation. Alternatively, multiple automated seedling tray continuous conveying and arranging devices can be set up to synchronously perform the arranging operation of each row of seedling trays. Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, this enables continuous tray placement of multiple rows of seedling trays, thereby improving the efficiency of seedling tray placement.

Claims

1. An automated continuous seedling tray conveying and tray-arranging device, comprising a frame, a movable chassis, and a conveying mechanism, characterized in that: It also includes a transfer mechanism, a lifting and receiving mechanism, a tray-splitting mechanism, a support and positioning mechanism, and a tray-swinging mechanism; the frame is driven to move by a mobile chassis; the conveying mechanism is located at the front end of the frame, and the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism is horizontal and parallel to the forward direction of the frame; The transfer mechanism includes a support frame, a U-shaped transfer plate, an electric push rod, and a lifting cylinder; the support frame and the machine frame form a sliding pair parallel to the forward direction of the machine frame, and the two ends of the electric push rod are hinged to the machine frame and the support frame; the U-shaped transfer plate is located at the output end of two belt transmission mechanisms and is located above the support frame, forming a vertical sliding pair with the support frame, and is driven to rise and fall by a vertically set lifting cylinder; a limit switch is provided on the upper surface of the U-shaped transfer plate; the lifting and receiving mechanism is located at the rear end of the machine frame and consists of a lifting platform and a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism drives the horizontally set lifting platform to rise and fall; The disc-splitting mechanism includes mounting plates, disc-splitting screws, and a drive assembly. Two vertically spaced mounting plates are fixed to the rear end of the frame and are perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame. Two vertically spaced disc-splitting screws are hinged to adjacent sides of the two mounting plates. The two disc-splitting screws on each mounting plate are synchronously driven to rotate by a drive assembly. The top of the mounting plate near the front end of the frame is located in the middle of the mounting plate away from the front end of the frame. The four disc-splitting screws are arranged in a rectangular array. The lifting and receiving mechanism is located inside the four disc-splitting screws, and one of the mounting plates is equipped with an infrared displacement sensor. A support and positioning mechanism is provided on adjacent sides of the two mounting plates. The support and positioning mechanism includes a stop block and a chain drive mechanism. Two chain drive mechanisms are spaced apart and located outside the corresponding two disc-splitting screws. They are synchronously driven by a drive assembly. Two spaced stops are fixed on the chain of the chain drive mechanism. The swivel mechanism includes a sloping plate and a belt drive mechanism. The upper end of the sloping plate is hinged to the rear end of the frame, and the lower end is hinged to two auxiliary wheels arranged at a distance. The belt drive mechanism has two belts arranged at a distance. The input ends of the two belt drive mechanisms are located on the frame and below each disc screw, and the output ends are located at the sloping plate. The two belt drive mechanisms are synchronously driven by the drive assembly. The distance between the two belt drive mechanisms is less than the distance between the two disc screws on each mounting plate. The lifting and receiving mechanism is located between the two belt drive mechanisms.

2. The automated seedling tray continuous conveying and tray-positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism consists of two parallel and spaced belt drive mechanisms 2. The conveying direction of the belt drive mechanisms 2 is horizontal and parallel to the forward direction of the frame. The two belt drive mechanisms 2 are synchronously driven by the drive assembly 4.

3. The automated seedling tray continuous conveying and tray-arranging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive assembly four includes a drive shaft one, a chain drive mechanism two, and a drive motor one. The drive shaft one is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame and forms a rotating pair with the frame. The housing of the drive motor one is fixed to the frame. The output shaft of the drive motor one is connected to the middle of the drive shaft one through the chain drive mechanism two. Both ends of the drive shaft one are fixed to the two drive pulleys one of the belt drive mechanism two.

4. The automated seedling tray continuous conveying and tray-arranging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a chain drive mechanism three, a drive shaft two, a chain drive mechanism four, and a drive motor two. The two vertically arranged and spaced drive shafts two form a rotating pair with the corresponding mounting plates and are connected through the chain drive mechanism three. The housing of the drive motor two is fixed on the corresponding mounting plate. The output shaft of the drive motor two is connected to one of the drive shafts two through the chain drive mechanism four. The two drive shafts two are coaxially fixed with the two split screws respectively.

5. The automated seedling tray continuous conveying and tray-positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second drive assembly includes a third drive shaft, a fifth chain drive mechanism, and a third drive motor. The third drive shaft, which is horizontal and perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame, forms a rotating pair with the corresponding mounting plate. The housing of the third drive motor is fixed on the corresponding mounting plate. The output shaft of the third drive motor is connected to the third drive shaft through the fifth chain drive mechanism. Both ends of the third drive shaft are fixed to the drive sprockets of the two first chain drive mechanisms.

6. The automated seedling tray continuous conveying and tray-positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism is a scissor lift.

7. The automated seedling tray continuous conveying and tray-positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The belt drive mechanism includes a belt, a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a tension pulley assembly. The driving pulley is hinged to a mounting plate near the front end of the frame, and the driven pulley is hinged to an inclined plate and connected to the driving pulley via a belt. A tension pulley assembly is provided between the driving pulley and the driven pulley. The tension pulley assembly consists of two tension pulleys arranged vertically at a distance. Both tension pulleys are hinged to the frame and tension the belt. The portion of the belt between the driving pulley and the tension pulley assembly is horizontally arranged, and the portion between the driven pulley and the tension pulley assembly is parallel to the inclined plate. The horizontally arranged portions of the belts of the two belt drive mechanisms are located below the screws of each distribution disc. The lifting and receiving mechanism is located between the horizontally arranged portions of the two belts. The driving pulleys of the two belt drive mechanisms are synchronously driven by a drive assembly three located on a mounting plate near the front end of the frame.

8. The automated seedling tray continuous conveying and tray-positioning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drive assembly three includes a drive shaft four and a drive motor four. The drive shaft four is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame, forming a rotating pair with the corresponding mounting plate, and is driven to rotate by the drive motor four. Both ends of the drive shaft four are fixed to two drive pulleys two of the drive transmission mechanism one.

9. A tray-laying method for an automated continuous seedling tray conveying and tray-laying device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The mobile chassis drives the frame to move to the seedling tray placement area and places a stack of seedling trays on the conveyor mechanism. In the initial state, the lifting platform is located below the belt of each belt drive mechanism. One of the stops on the chain of the chain drive mechanism is located at the bottom end of the chain near the mounting plate, and the other stop is located at the top end of the chain on the other side. The conveying mechanism transports the stack of seedling trays to the two arms of the U-shaped transfer plate. Limit switches on the U-shaped transfer plate detect the stack of seedling trays, and the controller extends the electric push rod, pushing the U-shaped support frame to move the U-shaped transfer plate and the stack of seedling trays horizontally above the lifting platform, with the lifting platform positioned between the two arms of the U-shaped transfer plate. Then, the lifting mechanism drives the lifting platform to a preset height, positioning it between the U-shaped support frame and the U-shaped transfer plate. The controller then controls the solenoid valve to drive the lifting cylinder, lowering the U-shaped transfer plate and the stack of seedling trays, placing the stack of seedling trays on the lifting platform and separating them from the U-shaped transfer plate. The controller then shortens the electric push rod, pulling the U-shaped support frame back to its original position. Finally, the controller controls the solenoid valve to drive the lifting cylinder, raising the U-shaped transfer plate back to its original position. The rear controller controls the lifting mechanism to drive the lifting platform to its original position. When the lifting platform descends, it drives the stack of seedling trays to descend as well, so that the outer edge of the lowest seedling tray in the stack contacts the upper end of the spiral blades of each dividing screw, thus placing the stack of seedling trays on the spiral blades of the four dividing screws. Each drive component drives each dividing screw to rotate. As each dividing screw rotates, the spiral blades of each dividing screw separate each seedling tray in the stack and transport each seedling tray downwards, so that each seedling tray in the stack falls sequentially to the input end of the two belt drive mechanisms. At the same time, drive component three drives the two belt drive mechanisms to work, moving the chassis to drive the frame forward. The two belt drive mechanisms transport each seedling tray to the ground in sequence, and as the frame moves forward, each seedling tray is placed on the ground in sequence. As the frame advances, when the infrared displacement sensor detects that the height of the seedling tray at the highest position on each distributor screw has reached the preset height value, each drive component 2 drives each chain drive mechanism 1 to work. Each chain drive mechanism 1 moves the top stop block to the preset height, positioned above the remaining seedling trays on each distributor screw. A new stack of seedling trays is placed on the conveying mechanism, which transports the new stack of seedling trays to the U-shaped transfer plate. The limit switch on the U-shaped transfer plate detects the new stack of seedling trays, and the controller controls the electric push rod to extend, pushing the U-shaped support frame to move the U-shaped transfer plate and the new stack of seedling trays horizontally to directly above the lifting platform. The U-shaped transfer plate is positioned between the two chain drive mechanisms 1 of each support positioning mechanism. The lifting cylinder drives the U-shaped transfer plate to move the U-shaped transfer plate to the top of the lifting platform. The U-shaped transfer plate descends, placing a new stack of seedling trays on a stop at a preset height, separating them from the U-shaped transfer plate. The controller then controls the electric push rod to shorten, pulling the U-shaped support frame to return the U-shaped transfer plate to its original position. Simultaneously, the controller controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to drive the lifting cylinder, raising the U-shaped transfer plate to its original position. Next, drive assembly two drives chain transmission mechanism one, causing the stop at the preset height and the new stack of seedling trays to continue descending at a preset speed, placing the new stack of seedling trays on the remaining seedling trays on each dividing screw. Then, drive assembly two drives chain transmission mechanism one, causing the stop to descend synchronously with each seedling tray at a preset speed until the stop passes the lowest point of the corresponding chain transmission mechanism one and rotates to the side of the chain closest to the mounting plate, while another stop rotates to the top of the other side of the chain.

10. The tray-laying method of the automated seedling tray continuous conveying and tray-laying device according to claim 9, characterized in that: When multiple rows of seedling trays need to be arranged, multiple automated seedling tray continuous conveying and arranging devices are set up to simultaneously arrange the seedling trays of each row.

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