Self-adaptive load buffer and elevator

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive load buffer and an elevator, and relates to the technical field of elevators, the self-adaptive load buffer comprises a necessary buffer, a plurality of variable load buffers, a plurality of trigger structures and a detection device; each variable-load buffer comprises a variable-load buffering structure and a variable-load matching structure, the variable-load buffering structures are arranged on the side wall of the elevator shaft, the variable-load matching structures have a first state and a second state, in the first state, the variable-load matching structures and the variable-load buffering structures are spaced, and in the second state, the variable-load buffering structures and the variable-load matching structures are spaced. The variable-load matching structure can be matched with the variable-load buffering structure when the elevator is out of control and falls, so that the elevator is buffered; each trigger structure is matched with one variable load buffer and is used for converting the variable load matching structure from the first state to the second state; the detection device detects the load condition of the elevator car; according to the technical scheme, the problem that an existing elevator buffer can only adapt to the situation that an elevator is fully loaded by half and cannot meet the personnel protection requirement when the number of passengers is small or large is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of elevator technology, and in particular to an adaptive load buffer and an elevator. Background Technology

[0002] Existing elevator buffers have non-adjustable buffering force, only adapting to the situation when the elevator is half-loaded. They use the midpoint between empty and full load as the ideal operating condition to minimize deviations from most actual operating conditions. While this provides ideal protection at half load, in reality, when there are fewer or more passengers, or the actual load is lighter or heavier, deviating from the ideal midpoint, people will suffer actual injury; that is, personnel protection cannot be adequately met. For example, when the elevator reaches half its rated load, it can ensure safe buffering at a human-safe acceleration 'a'. However, elevators often operate below their rated load. When the actual load is less than half the rated load, because the buffering force is designed to be constant, the reduced buffering mass inevitably leads to a greater buffering acceleration. This results in the actual acceleration after buffering exceeding the human body's safe acceleration 'a', meaning the force on the person is excessive, leading to injury. When the actual load exceeds half of the rated load, the required buffer stroke increases with the increase in buffer mass, as the buffer force is designed to be constant. The ideal buffer stroke designed for half the rated load is generally insufficient, causing the impact to continue even after the buffer stroke is exhausted. This results in a sudden stop upon impact with the bottom of the elevator, leading to injury to people on impact and potential damage to the elevator structure. Based on this principle, regardless of whether the number of people inside the elevator is less than or more than half the rated load, they will be injured during an uncontrolled fall, potentially causing damage to the elevator structure. Furthermore, the greater the deviation from the rated load, the greater the risk of injury.

[0003] Therefore, existing elevator buffers can only adapt to the most ideal and dangerous situation of impact energy when the elevator is half full and out of control. However, this fixed buffer load design cannot meet the personnel protection requirements when there are few or many passengers, or when the actual load is light or heavy, and may cause overload injury to personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose an adaptive load buffer and elevator, which aims to improve the problem that existing elevator buffers can only adapt to the situation when the elevator is half full, and cannot meet the personnel protection requirements when there are few or many passengers or when the actual load is light or heavy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes an adaptive load buffer, comprising: A necessary buffer includes a necessary buffer structure and a necessary mating structure. The necessary buffer structure is installed inside the elevator shaft, and the necessary mating structure is installed on the outer wall of the elevator car. When the elevator falls out of control, the necessary buffer structure and the necessary mating structure cooperate to buffer the elevator. Multiple variable load buffers, each of which includes a variable load buffer structure and a variable load engagement structure, wherein the variable load buffer structure is installed on the side wall of the elevator shaft, and the variable load engagement structure has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the variable load engagement structure and the variable load buffer structure are spaced apart. In the second state, the variable load engagement structure can engage with the variable load buffer structure when the elevator falls out of control, thereby buffering the elevator. Multiple triggering structures, each triggering structure cooperating with one of the variable load buffers, to cause the variable load cooperating structure to change from the first state to the second state; A detection device is used to detect the load condition of the elevator car; A control device, electrically connected to the detection device and the triggering structure, is used to control the triggering structure to drive at least one of the variable load coordination structures to switch to the second state according to the detection result of the detection device; When the elevator falls out of control, the adaptive load buffer has a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the necessary buffer is working; in the second working state, the necessary buffer and at least one of the variable load buffers are working.

[0006] In one embodiment, the necessary buffer structure and / or the variable load buffer structure includes a metal sheet extending in a vertical direction, the metal sheet being disposed within the elevator shaft, the metal sheet being deformable in at least a portion of its area, and the metal sheet being provided with an engaging portion.

[0007] In one embodiment, the metal sheet has a deformable region extending in a vertical direction and a fixed region connected to the side of the deformable region, the fixed region being fixed relative to the pit sidewall of the elevator shaft, and the engaging portion being located in the deformable region; The locking part can cause the deformable area to tear apart from the fixed area when the elevator falls out of control.

[0008] In one embodiment, the fixed area is provided on both opposite sides of the deformation area, and the mating part is capable of tearing both sides of the deformation area when the elevator falls out of control; and / or, A groove extending in the vertical direction is provided at the junction of the deformable region and the fixed region, and the groove gradually expands in the direction away from the metal sheet.

[0009] In one embodiment, both the necessary buffer structure and the variable load buffer structure include metal sheets extending in the vertical direction, wherein: Both the necessary buffer structure and the variable load buffer structure are designed to be installed on the pit sidewall of the elevator shaft, or... Both the necessary buffer structure and the variable load buffer structure are installed on the elevator shaft sidewall of the lowest available floor of the elevator.

[0010] In one embodiment, the necessary buffer structure includes an engaging portion disposed on the side wall of the elevator shaft, the engaging portion including an upwardly extending first mating protrusion; The necessary mating structure includes a mating part provided on the outer side wall of the elevator car. The mating part includes a hook with a hook groove that faces downwards, for mating with the first mating protrusion.

[0011] In one embodiment, the necessary fitting structure and / or the variable load fitting structure includes a housing fixed to the side wall of the car and a fitting part, the housing having an opening on the side facing the metal sheet, the fitting part being located inside the housing and corresponding to the opening, and the side of the fitting part facing away from the opening being connected to the housing by a spring; In the first state, the mating part is retracted into the outer shell against the elastic force; In the second state, the mating part can extend the opening under the action of elastic force.

[0012] In one embodiment, a through hole is provided at the upper end of the outer casing; The mating part includes a hook, and the upper end of the hook is provided with a positioning hole; The triggering structure includes a solenoid valve, which has a movable valve core, and within the active stroke of the valve core, has a locking position that passes through the through hole and the positioning hole and an unlocking position that is separated from the positioning hole; In the first state, the valve core is in the locked position, and the hook is retracted into the housing against the elastic force; In the second state, the valve core is in the restored position, and the hook can extend out of the opening under the action of elasticity.

[0013] In one embodiment, the necessary buffer structure is provided in the pit of the elevator shaft, and the necessary buffer structure includes a buffer spring extending in the vertical direction. The necessary fitting structure includes a fitting block disposed at the bottom of the elevator car, so that when the elevator falls out of control, the fitting block abuts against the buffer spring as the elevator descends, thereby buffering the elevator.

[0014] The present invention also proposes an elevator, including an elevator car with an adaptive load buffer as described in any of the preceding claims; Multiple variable load coupling structures are provided on opposite sides of the elevator car; Correspondingly, the positions of the multiple variable load buffer structures are arranged in relation to the variable load mating structures; The adaptive load buffer includes: A necessary buffer includes a necessary buffer structure and a necessary mating structure. The necessary buffer structure is installed inside the elevator shaft, and the necessary mating structure is installed on the outer wall of the elevator car. When the elevator falls out of control, the necessary buffer structure and the necessary mating structure cooperate to buffer the elevator. Multiple variable load buffers, each of which includes a variable load buffer structure and a variable load engagement structure, wherein the variable load buffer structure is installed on the side wall of the elevator shaft, and the variable load engagement structure has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the variable load engagement structure and the variable load buffer structure are spaced apart. In the second state, the variable load engagement structure can engage with the variable load buffer structure when the elevator falls out of control, thereby buffering the elevator. Multiple triggering structures, each triggering structure cooperating with one of the variable load buffers, to cause the variable load cooperating structure to change from the first state to the second state; A detection device is used to detect the load condition of the elevator car; A control device, electrically connected to the detection device and the triggering structure, is used to control the triggering structure to drive at least one of the variable load coordination structures to switch to the second state according to the detection result of the detection device; When the elevator falls out of control, the adaptive load buffer has a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the necessary buffer is working; in the second working state, the necessary buffer and at least one of the variable load buffers are working.

[0015] The technical solution of this invention employs the combined use of the necessary buffer and the variable load buffer, allowing different numbers of the variable load buffers to be mounted according to changes in the actual load. This enables the adaptive load buffer to adjust the magnitude of the buffering force applied to the elevator during a fall based on the elevator's load. Specifically, the detection device can detect the load of the elevator car, and the control device, based on the load detected by the detection device, controls the trigger structure to drive N variable load coupling structures to switch to a second state. This allows the adaptive load buffer to adaptively adjust the magnitude of the elevator's buffering force according to the elevator's load, thereby improving the problem that existing elevator buffers can only adapt to situations where the elevator is half-loaded, failing to meet the personnel protection requirements when there are few or many passengers or when the actual load is light or heavy. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the elevator provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top-view structural diagram; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the metal sheet (before buffering) for necessary buffering structures and / or variable load buffering structures; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the metal sheet (after buffering); Figure 5 for Figure 3 A front view structural diagram; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of BB; Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first mating part and the metal sheet in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the second mating part (first state) and the metal sheet in an embodiment provided by the present invention; Figure 10 forFigure 9 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the second mating part (second state) and the metal sheet; Figure 11 for Figure 9 A cross-sectional structural diagram.

[0018] Explanation of icon numbers: 100. Adaptive load buffer; 1. Necessary buffer; 11. Necessary buffer structure; 12. Necessary mating structure; 2. Variable load buffer; 21. Variable load buffer structure; 22. Variable load mating structure; 23. Variable load buffer A; 24. Variable load buffer B; 25. Variable load buffer C; 26. Variable load buffer D; 3. Triggering structure; 4. Detection device; 5. Control device; 6. Metal sheet; 61. Deformation area; 62. Fixing area; 63. Groove; 7. Engaging part; 71. First mating protrusion; 72. Second mating protrusion; 8. Mating part; 8a. First mating part; 8b. Second mating part; 81. Hook; 811. Hook groove; 812. Positioning hole; 9. Housing; 91. Spring; 92. Through hole; 10. Solenoid valve; 101. Valve core; 200. Elevator; 201. Elevator car.

[0019] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0022] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0023] Existing elevator buffers have non-adjustable buffering force, only adapting to the situation when the elevator is half-loaded. They use the midpoint between empty and full load as the ideal operating condition to minimize deviations from most actual operating conditions. While this provides ideal protection at half load, in reality, when there are fewer or more passengers, or the actual load is lighter or heavier, deviating from the ideal midpoint, people will suffer actual injury; that is, personnel protection cannot be adequately met. For example, when the elevator reaches half its rated load, it can ensure safe buffering at a human-safe acceleration 'a'. However, elevators often operate below their rated load. When the actual load is less than half the rated load, because the buffering force is designed to be constant, the reduced buffering mass inevitably leads to a greater buffering acceleration. This results in the actual acceleration after buffering exceeding the human body's safe acceleration 'a', meaning the force on the person is excessive, leading to injury. When the actual load exceeds half of the rated load, the required buffer stroke increases with the increase in buffer mass, as the buffer force is designed to be constant. The ideal buffer stroke designed for half the rated load is generally insufficient, causing the impact to continue even after the buffer stroke is exhausted. This results in a sudden stop upon impact with the bottom of the elevator, leading to injury to people on impact and potential damage to the elevator structure. Based on this principle, regardless of whether the number of people inside the elevator is less than or more than half the rated load, they will be injured during an uncontrolled fall, potentially causing damage to the elevator structure. Furthermore, the greater the deviation from the rated load, the greater the risk of injury.

[0024] Therefore, existing elevator buffers can only adapt to the most dangerous situation of impact energy when the elevator is half full and out of control. However, this fixed buffer load design cannot meet the personnel protection requirements when there are few or many passengers or when the actual load is light or heavy, which may cause overload injury to personnel.

[0025] This invention proposes an adaptive load buffer 100, which aims to improve the problem that the existing elevator buffer can only adapt to the situation when the elevator 200 is half full, and cannot meet the personnel protection requirements when there are few or many passengers, or when the actual load is light or heavy.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive load buffer 100 includes a necessary buffer 1, a plurality of variable load buffers 2, a plurality of triggering structures 3, a detection device 4, and a control device 5. The necessary buffer 1 includes a necessary buffer structure 11 and a necessary mating structure 12. The necessary buffer structure 11 is disposed within the elevator shaft 200, and the necessary mating structure 12 is disposed on the outer wall of the elevator car 201. When the elevator 200 falls uncontrollably, the necessary buffer structure 11 and the necessary mating structure 12 cooperate to buffer the elevator 200. Each variable load buffer 2 includes a variable load buffer structure 21 and a variable load mating structure 22. The variable load buffer structure 21 is disposed on the side wall of the elevator shaft 200. The variable load mating structure 22 has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the variable load mating structure 22 and the variable load buffer structure 21 are spaced apart. In the second state, the variable load coordination structure 22 can cooperate with the variable load buffer structure 21 to buffer the elevator 200 when it falls out of control; each trigger structure 3 cooperates with one variable load buffer 2 to convert the variable load coordination structure 22 from the first state to the second state; the detection device 4 is used to detect the load condition of the elevator car 201; the control device 5 is electrically connected to the detection device 4 and the trigger structure 3 to control the trigger structure 3 to drive at least one variable load coordination structure 22 to convert to the second state according to the detection result of the detection device 4; when the elevator 200 falls out of control, the adaptive load buffer 100 has a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the necessary buffer 1 is working; in the second working state, the necessary buffer 1 and at least one variable load buffer 2 are working.

[0027] The technical solution of this invention employs the combination of the necessary buffer 1 and the variable load buffer 2, allowing different numbers of the variable load buffers to be mounted according to changes in the actual load. This enables the adaptive load buffer 100 to adjust the magnitude of the buffering force provided to the elevator 200 during a fall based on the load of the elevator 200. Specifically, the detection device 4 can detect the load of the elevator car 201, and the control device 5 will control the trigger structure 3 to drive N variable load cooperating structures 22 to switch to a second state based on the load detected by the detection device 4. This enables the adaptive load buffer 100 to adaptively adjust the magnitude of the buffering force of the elevator 200 according to the load of the elevator 200, thereby improving the problem that existing elevator buffers can only adapt to the situation when the elevator 200 is half full, and cannot meet the personnel protection requirements when there are few or many passengers or when the actual load is light or heavy.

[0028] It should be noted that N can be equal to 0 or other natural numbers. For example, if each variable load buffer 2 corresponds to 100kg, and the elevator only carries a child or a girl weighing only 45kg, then according to the rounding principle, it is more ideal not to load the variable load buffer 2 (that is, to load 0 variable load buffers 2) than to load one variable load buffer 2.

[0029] It should be noted that the buffering force refers to the magnitude of the force exerted by the adaptive load buffer 100 on the elevator car 201 when buffering the elevator car 201. In the first working state, only the necessary buffer 1 is active, which is suitable when the elevator car 201 is empty or has only a small load. In the second working state, the necessary buffer 1 and at least one variable load buffer 2 are active, which is suitable when the elevator car 201 is under a large load or even fully loaded. The specific number of variable load buffers 2 in operation can be adjusted according to the actual situation. In addition, the detection device 4 includes a detection box located at the upper end of the elevator car 201. The detection box contains relevant electronic components for detecting data related to the elevator car 201. The arrangement of these electronic components can refer to conventional settings, and this invention does not impose any limitations.

[0030] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the specific form of the necessary buffer structure 11 and / or the variable load buffer structure 21. For example, it can be a spring 91 buffer, a hydraulic buffer, or a polyurethane buffer, as described in the prior art. In an embodiment of the present invention, the necessary buffer structure 11 and / or the variable load buffer structure 21 includes a metal sheet 6 extending in the vertical direction. The metal sheet 6 is disposed in the elevator shaft 200. At least a portion of the metal sheet 6 is deformable, and the metal sheet 6 is provided with an engaging portion 7. That is, by setting the necessary buffer structure 11 and / or the variable load buffer structure 21 in the form of a metal sheet 6, and by using the deformation of the metal sheet 6 itself, the elevator car 201 is buffered.

[0031] Please refer to further information. Figures 3 to 6 In the above embodiments, to prevent the deformation of the metal sheet 6 after vertical compression from damaging the guide rails and other components of the elevator 200, additional guiding components are required. This undoubtedly increases construction costs, and the deformation of the metal sheet 6 itself is difficult to control. Therefore, as a preferred embodiment of the above embodiments, in the embodiments of the present invention, the metal sheet 6 has a deformation region 61 extending in the vertical direction and a fixed region 62 connected to the side of the deformation region 61. The fixed region 62 is used to fix relative to the pit sidewall of the elevator 200 shaft, and the engaging part 7 is located in the deformation region 61. The engaging part 7 can cause the deformation region 61 to tear from the fixed region 62 when the elevator 200 falls out of control. In this embodiment, the metal sheet 6 is disposed on the sidewall of the elevator 200 shaft, and the deformation of the deformation region 61 and the tearing of the fixed region 62 by the deformation region 61 provide cushioning for the elevator 200. It should be noted that the pit refers to the lowest point of the elevator shaft 200, and the area that the elevator car 201 will not reach during normal use.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, fixed areas 62 are provided on both opposite sides of the deformable region 61; the mating part 8 can cause both sides of the deformable region 61 to tear when the elevator 200 falls out of control. That is, by providing fixed areas 62 on both sides of the deformable region 61, the mating part 8 can cause both sides of the deformable region 61 to tear when the elevator 200 falls out of control, thereby increasing the amount of cushioning force provided by the metal sheet 6 to the elevator 200.

[0033] Please refer to further information. Figure 7To prevent the tearing path in the deformation region 61 from deviating vertically and ultimately causing the metal sheet 6 to break, in this embodiment of the invention, a groove 63 extending vertically is provided at the junction of the deformation region 61 and the fixed region 62. The groove 63 gradually widens in the direction away from the metal sheet 6. In other words, by providing a groove 63 extending vertically at the junction of the deformation region 61 and the fixed region 62 of the metal sheet 6, the thickness of the metal sheet 6 at the groove 63 is lower than the thickness on both sides, making it easier for the metal sheet 6 to break from the groove 63. This controls the tearing path of the metal sheet 6, preventing deviation of the tearing path and potential instability in the buffer force or even lateral tearing of the metal sheet 6, which could lead to device failure.

[0034] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the width of the deformation area 61 of the metal sheet 6. For example, the deformation area 61 of the metal sheet 6 can be gradually widened from top to bottom, thereby gradually increasing the buffering force during the buffering process of the elevator 200. However, this method may pose a danger to passengers inside the elevator car 201. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the width of the deformation area 61 is uniformly set. This setting ensures that the area of ​​deformation and tearing of the metal sheet 6 is fixed during the buffering process of the elevator 200, that is, the buffering force given to the elevator car 201 by the necessary buffer 1 and / or the variable load buffer 2 is constant, thereby preventing the buffering force from exceeding the limit of the passengers in the elevator car 201 and protecting the safety of the passengers.

[0035] It should be noted that the embodiments described above, which include the provision of fixed areas 62 on both sides of the deformation area 61, the provision of the groove 63 guiding the tearing path, and the provision of the deformation area 61 being uniformly distributed, can be used simultaneously or separately. The present invention does not limit this.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present invention, both the necessary buffer structure 11 and the variable load buffer structure 21 include metal sheets 6 extending in the vertical direction, and both are disposed on the pit sidewall of the elevator 200 shaft. In this embodiment, by using metal sheets 6 for both the necessary buffer structure 11 and the variable load buffer structure 21, and placing them on the pit sidewall of the elevator 200 shaft, the problem of existing elevator buffers still occupying compressed vertical space below the car after full buffering, thus increasing the overall construction cost of the elevator 200, is improved.

[0037] In other embodiments of the present invention, both the necessary buffer structure 11 and the variable load buffer structure 21 include metal sheets 6 extending in the vertical direction. Both the necessary buffer structure 11 and the variable load buffer structure 21 are installed on the side wall of the elevator shaft of the elevator 200 at the lowest available floor. In this embodiment, by using metal sheets 6 for both the necessary buffer structure 11 and the variable load buffer structure 21, and installing them on the side wall of the elevator shaft of the elevator 200 at the lowest available floor, the problem of existing elevator buffers needing to be installed in the pit below the lowest available floor of the elevator 200, thus increasing the construction cost of the elevator 200, is improved. It should be noted that the lowest available floor refers to the lowest floor area that the elevator 200 can reach during normal operation, and the pit is located below the lowest available floor.

[0038] Please see Figure 8 In an embodiment of the present invention, the necessary buffer structure 11 includes a locking portion 7 disposed on the side wall of the elevator shaft 200, the locking portion 7 including an upwardly extending first mating protrusion 71; the necessary mating structure 12 includes a mating portion 8 disposed on the outer side wall of the elevator car 201, the mating portion 8 including a hook 81, the hook 81 forming a hook groove 811 with an opening facing downward, for engaging with the first mating protrusion 71. It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the specific arrangement of the necessary buffer structure 11. For example, it can be a spring 91 buffer disposed on the side wall of the elevator shaft 200, which is triggered by the engagement of the hook 81 and the first mating protrusion 71 to buffer the elevator 200. Alternatively, it can be in the form of a metal sheet 6 as described in the above embodiment, where the deformation of the metal sheet 6 buffers the elevator 200.

[0039] It should be noted that the engaging part 7 also includes a downwardly extending second engaging protrusion 72, which is used to fix and connect with the corresponding part on the metal sheet 6 to ensure the stable connection between the metal sheet 6 and the engaging part 7. As for the specific structure, the present invention does not impose specific limitations.

[0040] Please refer to further information. Figures 9 to 11In an embodiment of the present invention, the necessary mating structure 12 and / or the variable load mating structure 22 includes a housing 9 fixed to the side wall of the car and a mating part 8. The housing 9 has an opening on the side facing the metal sheet 6. The mating part 8 is located inside the housing 9 and corresponds to the opening. The side of the mating part 8 facing away from the opening is connected to the housing 9 by a spring 91. In the first state, the mating part 8 is retracted into the housing 9 against the elastic force. In the second state, the mating part 8 can extend out of the opening under the action of the elastic force. In other words, the necessary mating structure 12 and / or the variable load mating structure 22 include a mating part 8. The spring 91 enables the movement of the mating part 8, thereby allowing the mating part 8 to engage with the necessary buffer structure 11 and / or the variable load buffer structure 21 to achieve buffering of the elevator 200. Specifically, in the first position, the mating part 8 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 91 and is housed inside the outer shell 9. In the second position, the spring 91 can drive the mating part 8 to extend out of the opening through elastic force, thereby enabling the mating part 8 to engage with the engaging part 7 on the necessary buffer structure 11 and / or the variable load buffer structure 21.

[0041] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the mating part 8 and the engaging part 7. In the embodiments of the present invention, the upper end of the outer shell 9 is provided with a through hole 92; the mating part 8 includes a hook 81, and the upper end of the hook 81 is provided with a positioning hole 812; the triggering structure 3 includes a solenoid valve 10, the solenoid valve 10 having a movably disposed valve core 101, so that within the active stroke of the valve core 101, there is a locking position passing through the through hole 92 and the positioning hole 812 and an unlocking position separated from the positioning hole 812; in the first state, the valve core 101 is in the locked position, and the hook 81 is retracted into the outer shell 9 against the elastic force; in the second state, the valve core 101 is in the restored position, and the hook 81 can extend out of the opening under the action of the elastic force.

[0042] In the above embodiments, by setting the trigger structure 3 as a solenoid valve 10, the valve core 101 is in the locked position when the elevator 200 is in normal use. When the elevator 200 falls out of control, by controlling the movement of the valve core 101, the valve core 101 is moved to the unlocked position, which controls the spring 91 to be in the recovery state. This causes the necessary cooperating structure 12 and / or the variable load cooperating structure 22 to be in the second state, thereby buffering the elevator 200. It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the engaging part 7 can be an engaging part 7 provided on the metal sheet 6, achieving the buffering effect through the deformation of the metal sheet 6 itself, or it can be an engaging part 7 provided on the spring 91 buffer on the side wall of the elevator shaft 200, achieving the buffering effect through the spring 91 buffer. The present invention does not limit this.

[0043] By combining the above embodiments, the first embodiment of this application can be obtained. In this embodiment, both the necessary buffer structure 11 and the variable load buffer structure 21 include a metal sheet 6 extending in the vertical direction. The metal sheet 6 is disposed on the side wall of the pit of the elevator shaft 200. At least a portion of the metal sheet 6 is deformable. The metal sheet 6 is provided with a locking part 7. The locking part 7 includes a first mating protrusion 71 extending upward. The necessary mating structure 12 includes a first mating part 8a disposed on the outer side wall of the elevator car 201. The first mating part 8a includes a hook 81. The hook 81 forms a hook groove 811 with an opening facing downward, for mating with the first mating protrusion 71. The variable load mating structure 22 includes a housing 9 fixed to the side wall of the car and a second mating part 8b. The housing 9 has an opening on the side facing the metal sheet 6. The mating part 8b is located inside the outer casing 9 and corresponds to the opening. The side of the second mating part 8b facing away from the opening is connected to the outer casing 9 by a spring 91. The second mating part 8b includes a hook 81, and the upper end of the hook 81 is provided with a positioning hole 812. The triggering structure 3 includes a solenoid valve 10, which has a movable valve core 101, so that within the active stroke of the valve core 101, it has a locked position that passes through the through hole 92 and the positioning hole 812 and an unlocked position that is separated from the positioning hole 812. In the first state, the valve core 101 is in the locked position, and the hook 81 is retracted into the outer casing 9 against the elastic force. In the second state, the valve core 101 is in the restored position, and the hook 81 can extend out of the opening under the action of the elastic force. The detection device 4 is used to detect the load of the elevator car 201.

[0044] In the first embodiment described above, both the necessary buffer structure 11 and the variable load buffer structure 21 are disposed on the side wall of the pit, and both use metal sheets 6 as buffer structures. The hook 81 referred to by the first mating part 8a of the necessary mating structure 12 refers to a fixed hook 81, and the hook 81 referred to by the second mating part 8b of the variable load mating structure 22 refers to a hook 81 that is movably disposed in the horizontal direction. The detection device 4 is used to detect the load condition of the elevator car 201. Since the adaptive load buffer 100 is disposed in the pit, in an area that the elevator 200 will not reach during normal operation, in this embodiment, the hook 81 of the necessary buffer structure 11 can be disposed... The variable load buffer 2 is in a fixed form and can be positioned in the second state in advance according to the load of the elevator car 201, so as to react in advance and not affect the normal use of the elevator 200. When the elevator 200 is running normally and the number of passengers decreases and the load of the elevator 200 decreases, other methods can be used to drive the variable load buffer 2 to the first state. For example, an electromagnet can be set at the spring 91 and a corresponding magnetic block can be set at the hook 81. When it is necessary to drive the variable load buffer 2 from the second state to the first state, the electromagnet is driven to attract the magnetic block, which drives the hook 81 to move, so that the valve core 101 of the solenoid valve 10 can be re-inserted into the positioning hole 812.

[0045] By combining the above embodiments, a second embodiment of this application can be obtained. In this embodiment, both the necessary buffer structure 11 and the variable load buffer structure 21 include a metal sheet 6 extending in the vertical direction. The metal sheet 6 is disposed on the side wall of the lowest available floor of the elevator shaft 200. At least a portion of the metal sheet 6 is deformable. The metal sheet 6 is provided with a locking part 7. The locking part 7 includes an upwardly extending first mating protrusion 71. Both the necessary mating structure 12 and the variable load mating structure 22 include a housing 9 fixed to the side wall of the car and a second mating part 8b. The housing 9 has an opening on the side facing the metal sheet 6. The second mating part 8b is located inside the housing 9 and corresponds to the opening. The side of the second mating part 8b facing away from the opening is connected to the housing 9 by a spring 91. The second mating part 8b includes a hook 81, the upper end of which is provided with a positioning hole 812; the triggering structure 3 includes a solenoid valve 10, the solenoid valve 10 having a movably disposed valve core 101, so that within the active stroke of the valve core 101, there is a locking position passing through the through hole 92 and the positioning hole 812 and an unlocking position separated from the positioning hole 812; in the first state, the valve core 101 is in the locked position, and the hook 81 is retracted into the outer shell 9 against the elastic force; in the second state, the valve core 101 is in the restored position, and the hook 81 can extend out of the opening under the action of the elastic force; the detection device 4 is used to detect the load of the elevator car 201, the acceleration of the elevator car 201, and the position of the elevator car 201 in the elevator shaft 200.

[0046] In the second embodiment described above, both the necessary buffer structure 11 and the variable load buffer structure 21 are located on the side wall of the lowest available floor, and both use metal sheets 6 as buffer structures. The necessary mating structure 12 and the variable load mating structure 22 both utilize the second mating part 8b, meaning the hook 81 is a horizontally movable hook 81. The detection device 4 is used to detect the load on the elevator car 201, the acceleration of the elevator car 201, and the position of the elevator car 201 within the elevator shaft. Since the adaptive load buffer 100 is located at the lowest available floor of the elevator 200, in the area that the elevator 200 will reach during normal operation, it is designed to avoid hindering the normal arrival of the elevator 200. To reach the lowest available floor, in this embodiment, when the elevator 200 is in normal use, the hook 81 needs to be stored inside the outer casing 9 to prevent the hook 81 and the first mating protrusion 71 from interfering with the elevator 200's normal entry into the lowest available floor. When the elevator 200 falls out of control, the hook 81 needs to be extended from the opening to engage with the first mating protrusion 71 to cushion the elevator 200. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is necessary to strictly determine whether the elevator 200 is in an out-of-control falling state. That is, the detection device 4 needs to detect the acceleration and position information of the elevator car 201. In addition, the detection device 4 also adjusts the number of activated variable load buffers 2 by detecting the load of the elevator car 201.

[0047] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. In the third embodiment of the present invention, the necessary buffer structure 11 is provided in the pit of the elevator 200 shaft, and the necessary buffer structure 11 includes a buffer spring 91 extending in the vertical direction; the necessary mating structure 12 includes a mating block provided at the bottom of the elevator car 201, so that when the elevator 200 falls out of control, the mating block abuts against the buffer spring 91 as the elevator 200 descends, thereby buffering the elevator 200; the variable load buffer structure 21 includes a metal sheet 6 extending in the vertical direction, the metal sheet 6 is provided on the side wall of the pit of the elevator 200 shaft, at least a portion of the metal sheet 6 can deform, and the metal sheet 6 is provided with a locking part 7; the locking part 7 includes a first mating protrusion 71 extending upward; the variable load mating structure 22 includes a housing 9 fixed to the side wall of the car and a second mating part 8b, the housing 9 facing towards The metal sheet 6 has an opening on one side. The second mating part 8b is located inside the housing 9 and corresponds to the opening. The side of the second mating part 8b facing away from the opening is connected to the housing 9 by a spring 91. The second mating part 8b includes a hook 81, and the upper end of the hook 81 is provided with a positioning hole 812. The triggering structure 3 includes a solenoid valve 10. The solenoid valve 10 has a movable valve core 101, which has a locking position passing through the through hole 92 and the positioning hole 812 and an unlocking position separated from the positioning hole 812 within the active stroke of the valve core 101. In the first state, the valve core 101 is in the locked position, and the hook 81 is retracted into the housing 9 against the elastic force. In the second state, the valve core 101 is in the restored position, and the hook 81 can extend out of the opening under the action of the elastic force. The detection device 4 is used to detect the load of the elevator car 201.

[0048] In the third embodiment described above, the necessary buffer structure 11 is located at the bottom of the pit. The necessary buffer structure 11 is a conventional spring 91 buffer. The variable load buffer structure 21 is located on the side wall of the bottom shell. The variable load buffer structure 21 uses a metal sheet 6 as the buffer structure. The hook 81 referred to by the second mating part 8b of the variable load mating structure 22 refers to a hook 81 that is movably arranged in the horizontal direction. The detection device 4 is used to detect the load condition of the elevator car 201. Since the adaptive load buffer 100 is located in the pit, in an area that the elevator 200 will not reach during normal operation, in this embodiment, it is possible to... Based on the load of the elevator car 201, multiple variable load buffers 2 can be positioned in the second state in advance to react in advance without affecting the normal operation of the elevator 200. When the elevator 200 is running normally and the number of passengers decreases and the load of the elevator 200 decreases, other methods can be used to drive the variable load buffers 2 to the first state. For example, an electromagnet can be set at the spring 91 and a corresponding magnetic block can be set at the hook 81. When it is necessary to drive the variable load buffers 2 from the second state to the first state, the electromagnet is driven to attract the magnetic block, which drives the hook 81 to move, so that the valve core 101 of the solenoid valve 10 can be re-inserted into the positioning hole 812.

[0049] It should be noted that in the third embodiment described above, the necessary buffer structure 11 may also take the form of other elevator buffers, such as hydraulic buffers and polyurethane buffers. Any buffer that can operate normally at the pit is acceptable, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0050] The present invention also proposes an elevator 200, which includes an adaptive load buffer 100 and an elevator car 201. The specific structure of the adaptive load buffer 100 is as described in the above embodiments. Since the elevator 200 adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here. The adaptive load buffer 100 includes a necessary buffer 1, multiple variable load buffers 2, multiple triggering structures 3, a detection device 4, and a control device 5. The necessary buffer 1 includes a necessary buffer structure 11 and a necessary cooperating structure 12. The necessary buffer structure 11 is installed inside the elevator shaft 200, and the necessary cooperating structure 12 is installed on the outer wall of the elevator car 201. When the elevator 200 falls uncontrollably, the necessary buffer structure 11 and the necessary cooperating structure 12 cooperate to buffer the elevator 200. Each variable load buffer 2 includes a variable load buffer structure 21 and a variable load cooperating structure 22. The variable load buffer structure 21 is installed on the side wall of the elevator shaft 200. The variable load cooperating structure 22 has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the variable load cooperating structure 22 and the variable load buffer structure 21 are spaced apart. In the second state, the variable load cooperating structure 22 can cooperate with the variable load buffer structure 21 when the elevator 200 falls uncontrollably. The shock structure 21 cooperates to buffer the elevator 200; each trigger structure 3 cooperates with one variable load buffer 2 to change the variable load cooperation structure 22 from the first state to the second state; the detection device 4 is used to detect the load of the elevator car 201; the control device 5 is electrically connected to the detection device 4 and the trigger structure 3 to control the trigger structure 3 to drive at least one variable load cooperation structure 22 to change to the second state according to the detection result of the detection device 4; when the elevator 200 falls out of control, the adaptive load buffer 100 has a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the necessary buffer 1 is working; in the second working state, the necessary buffer 1 and at least one variable load buffer 2 are working; multiple variable load cooperation structures 22 are arranged on opposite sides of the elevator car 201; correspondingly, multiple variable load buffer structures 21 are arranged at the positions of the variable load cooperation structures 22.

[0051] In other words, by placing the multiple variable load buffer structures 21 on opposite sides of the elevator car 201, the direction of the buffer force on the elevator car 201 can be balanced when multiple variable load buffer structures 21 are used, preventing the elevator car 201 from deflecting and further causing uneven force distribution.

[0052] Please see Figure 2Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the variable load coupling structure 22 is arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner along the vertical centerline of the elevator car 201. With this arrangement, when multiple sets of variable load buffers 2 need to be activated simultaneously, the two sets of variable load buffers 2 located diagonally can be activated first. The present invention also proposes a method for balancing the load according to the weight percentage and the principle of central symmetry, as shown in Table 1 below. When an even number of variable load buffers 2 are activated each time, the scheme given in Table 2 can also be referred to: Table 1

[0053] Table 2

[0054] It should be noted that the variable load buffers A23, B24, C25 and D26 in Tables 1 and 2 above only indicate the different positions of the variable load buffer 2. For their structure, please refer to the structure of the variable load buffer 2 in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0055] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive load-bearing buffer, characterized in that, include: A necessary buffer includes a necessary buffer structure and a necessary mating structure. The necessary buffer structure is installed inside the elevator shaft, and the necessary mating structure is installed on the outer wall of the elevator car. When the elevator falls out of control, the necessary buffer structure and the necessary mating structure cooperate to buffer the elevator. Multiple variable load buffers, each of which includes a variable load buffer structure and a variable load engagement structure, wherein the variable load buffer structure is installed on the side wall of the elevator shaft, and the variable load engagement structure has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the variable load engagement structure and the variable load buffer structure are spaced apart. In the second state, the variable load engagement structure can engage with the variable load buffer structure when the elevator falls out of control, thereby buffering the elevator. Multiple triggering structures, each triggering structure cooperating with one of the variable load buffers, to cause the variable load cooperating structure to change from the first state to the second state; A detection device is used to detect the load condition of the elevator car; A control device, electrically connected to the detection device and the triggering structure, is used to control the triggering structure to drive at least one of the variable load coordination structures to switch to the second state according to the detection result of the detection device; When the elevator falls out of control, the adaptive load buffer has a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the necessary buffer is working; in the second working state, the necessary buffer and at least one of the variable load buffers are working.

2. The adaptive load buffer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The necessary buffer structure and / or the variable load buffer structure includes a metal sheet extending in the vertical direction, the metal sheet being disposed in the elevator shaft, the metal sheet being deformable in at least a portion of its area, and the metal sheet being provided with an engaging portion.

3. The adaptive load buffer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The metal sheet has a deformable area extending in the vertical direction and a fixed area connected to the side of the deformable area. The fixed area is used to fix it relative to the pit sidewall of the elevator shaft, and the engaging part is located in the deformable area. The locking part can cause the deformable area to tear apart from the fixed area when the elevator falls out of control.

4. The adaptive load buffer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed areas are provided on both opposite sides of the deformation area, and the mating parts are capable of tearing both sides of the deformation area when the elevator falls out of control; and / or, A groove extending in the vertical direction is provided at the junction of the deformable region and the fixed region, and the groove gradually expands in the direction away from the metal sheet.

5. The adaptive load buffer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Both the necessary buffer structure and the variable load buffer structure include metal sheets extending in the vertical direction, wherein: Both the necessary buffer structure and the variable load buffer structure are designed to be installed on the pit sidewall of the elevator shaft, or... Both the necessary buffer structure and the variable load buffer structure are installed on the elevator shaft sidewall of the lowest available floor of the elevator.

6. The adaptive load buffer as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The necessary buffer structure includes a locking part provided on the side wall of the elevator shaft, and the locking part includes a first mating protrusion extending upward; The necessary mating structure includes a mating part provided on the outer side wall of the elevator car. The mating part includes a hook with a hook groove that faces downwards, for mating with the first mating protrusion.

7. The adaptive load buffer as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The necessary fitting structure and / or the variable load fitting structure includes a housing and a fitting part fixed to the side wall of the car. The housing has an opening on the side facing the metal sheet. The fitting part is located inside the housing and corresponds to the opening. The side of the fitting part facing away from the opening is connected to the housing by a spring. In the first state, the mating part overcomes the elastic force and is housed inside the outer shell; In the second state, the mating part can extend out of the opening under the action of elastic force.

8. The adaptive load buffer as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The upper end of the outer shell is provided with a through hole; The mating part includes a hook, and the upper end of the hook is provided with a positioning hole; The triggering structure includes a solenoid valve, which has a movable valve core, and within the active stroke of the valve core, has a locking position that passes through the through hole and the positioning hole and an unlocking position that is separated from the positioning hole; In the first state, the valve core is in the locked position, and the hook is retracted into the housing against the elastic force; In the second state, the valve core is in the restored position, and the hook can extend out of the opening under the action of elasticity.

9. The adaptive load buffer as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The necessary buffer structure is provided in the pit of the elevator shaft, and the necessary buffer structure includes a buffer spring extending in the vertical direction. The necessary fitting structure includes a fitting block disposed at the bottom of the elevator car, so that when the elevator falls out of control, the fitting block abuts against the buffer spring as the elevator descends, thereby buffering the elevator.

10. An elevator, characterized in that, Includes the adaptive load buffer and elevator car as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; Multiple variable load coupling structures are provided on opposite sides of the elevator car; Correspondingly, the positions of the multiple variable load buffer structures are arranged in relation to the variable load coordination structure.

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