Resistance characteristic testing device of nuclear power large indirect air cooling tower

Abstract

The invention provides a resistance characteristic test device of a nuclear power large indirect air cooling tower. The resistance characteristic test device for the nuclear power large indirect air cooling tower comprises a test chamber, a resistance characteristic test device and a resistance characteristic test device, the support frame is fixedly mounted in the mounting space; the testing tower is arranged on the supporting frame, and the testing tower is provided with a first air inlet facing the ground in the height direction of the testing tower and a first air outlet away from the ground; the lifting device is arranged on the supporting frame and is in transmission connection with the testing tower so as to drive the testing tower to move in the height direction of the testing tower; the exhaust pipe is at least arranged in the mounting space, the exhaust pipe comprises a second air inlet and a second exhaust outlet, the second air inlet is connected with the first exhaust outlet, the second exhaust outlet is provided with a fan, and the exhaust pipe is provided with at least one bent section. According to the resistance characteristic test device of the nuclear power large indirect air cooling tower, flexible adjustment of the height of the test tower is realized, and meanwhile, the authenticity of an air inlet boundary condition and the accuracy of airflow measurement are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of resistance testing technology for indirect air-cooled towers, and more particularly to a resistance characteristic testing device for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants. Background Technology

[0002] Large-scale indirect air-cooled towers are core equipment in nuclear power plant cooling systems, primarily used to indirectly cool and release the heat generated by the reactor into the environment. Their working principle involves transferring heat from the heat transfer medium (such as water) to the air through natural or forced convection of airflow within the tower, achieving efficient heat dissipation. In nuclear power plant design, the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower directly affect cooling efficiency, energy consumption, and system stability. However, due to the massive scale of air-cooled towers (typically reaching heights of hundreds of meters), their actual operational resistance characteristics are influenced by various factors, such as inlet height, tower structure shape, and airflow uniformity. Therefore, during the engineering design phase, model tests are necessary to simulate resistance characteristics under different operating conditions to optimize the tower design and verify its performance.

[0003] However, existing nuclear power plant construction sites are limited, laboratory space is limited, and traditional test devices require adjustment of the tower foundation position to change the model height, which is complicated and easily disrupts the consistency of the test environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a resistance characteristic test device for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants. Without changing the overall layout of the test chamber, it enables flexible adjustment of the tower height while ensuring the authenticity of the inlet boundary conditions and the accuracy of airflow measurement.

[0005] This application provides a resistance characteristic testing device for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants, comprising: a test chamber with an installation space inside; a support frame fixedly installed in the installation space; a test tower disposed on the support frame, the test tower having a first air inlet facing the ground along its own height direction and a first air outlet away from the ground; a lifting device disposed on the support frame, the lifting device being convexly connected to the test tower to drive the test tower to move along its own height direction; and an exhaust pipe disposed at least in the installation space, the exhaust pipe including a second air inlet and a second air outlet, the second air inlet being connected to the first air outlet, the second air outlet being provided with a fan, wherein the exhaust pipe has at least one bend.

[0006] In the experimental setup described in this application, the test tower is moved up and down along its own height using a lifting device, thereby changing the actual height of its bottom first air inlet from the ground to simulate the air intake conditions of an air-cooled tower under different design operating conditions. Air flows naturally from the ground into the test tower through the first air inlet, completes heat exchange, and is then discharged through the top first exhaust outlet into the exhaust duct. The exhaust duct guides the airflow to the fan located away from the test tower through its bend structure. The entire airflow path is closed and clearly defined, and the air intake method strictly follows the prototype characteristics of "ground-based air intake".

[0007] Because the support frame remains stationary and only the test tower is raised and lowered, the basic test environment (such as ground flatness and the position of surrounding obstacles) remains constant, ensuring the comparability of test data under multiple operating conditions. Simultaneously, the fan is located far from the test area and disturbances are isolated by a bent exhaust duct, significantly improving the measurement accuracy of key parameters such as pressure and wind speed.

[0008] In this way, the first air inlet of the test tower always faces the ground, accurately replicating the actual air inlet boundary of a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power, and solving the flow distortion problem caused by raising the tower base in existing devices. Only the test tower body is moved via the lifting device, without needing to adjust the entire support platform or foundation. This makes the operation simple, repeatable, and suitable for rapid switching between multiple operating conditions.

[0009] Furthermore, the fan is located far from the test tower and connected via an exhaust duct with a bend, effectively suppressing vibration transmission and airflow backflow, ensuring flow field stability and measurement accuracy.

[0010] In addition, the overall structure of the test device is compact, and the exhaust pipe can be flexibly arranged with bends according to the space, overcoming the limitations of indoor net height, and is suitable for space-constrained scenarios such as nuclear power plant supporting test laboratories.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second air inlet is located above the first air outlet and is opposite to the first air outlet along the height direction of the test tower. A telescopic device is provided between the second air inlet and the first air outlet, and the telescopic device is configured to extend and retract synchronously when the test tower moves along its own height direction.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the telescopic device includes at least one of a telescopic sleeve or a flexible sleeve.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the telescopic device includes a telescopic sleeve and a flexible sleeve, wherein the flexible sleeve is sleeved outside the telescopic sleeve.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the support frame includes a first surface facing the first exhaust port along the height direction of the test tower, and a connecting flange protruding circumferentially from the test tower. The connecting flange has a second surface opposite to the first surface along the height direction of the test tower. The lifting device includes a plurality of elevators and a drive motor. The plurality of elevators are disposed on the first surface and located around the periphery of the test tower. The lifting end of the elevator is connected to the second surface. Adjacent elevators are connected by a transmission rod. The drive motor is connected to one of the transmission rods.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the lifting end is provided with a connector, the connector including a first segment and a second segment, the first segment extending along the height direction of the test tower and fixedly connected to the lifting end, the second segment being perpendicular to the first segment, fixedly connected to the first segment, and fixedly connected to the second surface.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first side is further provided with a stroke detection device, which is used to detect the position of the connecting flange; and the stroke detection device is communicatively connected to the drive motor.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second exhaust vent extends outside the test chamber.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fan is located on the ground, and a connector is provided between the air inlet of the fan and the second air outlet. The connector includes a connecting hose and a hose sleeve. The air inlet of the fan and the second air outlet are connected through the connecting hose, and the hose sleeve is fitted over the connecting hose.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the testing apparatus further includes a parameter detection module disposed inside the test tower, the parameter detection module being used to detect the internal parameters of the test tower during the testing process. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the resistance characteristic test device for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the support frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fan unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] 100 - Test apparatus;

[0027] 110 - Laboratory; 111 - Installation space;

[0028] 120-Support frame;

[0029] 130 - Test tower; 131 - First air inlet; 132 - First air outlet; 133 - Connecting flange;

[0030] 140 - Lifting device; 141 - Lifting machine; 142 - Drive motor;

[0031] 150 - Exhaust duct; 151 - Second exhaust outlet; 152 - Bend section;

[0032] 160-fan;

[0033] 170 - Telescopic device; 171 - Telescopic sleeve; 172 - Flexible sleeve;

[0034] 180 - Connector; 181 - Connecting hose; 182 - Hose sleeve.

[0035] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0037] Large-scale indirect air-cooled towers are core equipment in nuclear power plant cooling systems, primarily used to indirectly cool and release the heat generated by the reactor into the environment. Their working principle involves transferring heat from the heat transfer medium (such as water) to the air through natural or forced convection of airflow within the tower, achieving efficient heat dissipation. In nuclear power plant design, the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower directly affect cooling efficiency, energy consumption, and system stability. However, due to the massive scale of air-cooled towers (typically reaching heights of hundreds of meters), their actual operational resistance characteristics are influenced by various factors, such as inlet height, tower structure shape, and airflow uniformity. Therefore, during the engineering design phase, model tests are necessary to simulate resistance characteristics under different operating conditions to optimize the tower design and verify its performance.

[0038] However, existing nuclear power plant construction sites are limited, laboratory space is limited, and traditional test devices require adjustment of the tower foundation position to change the model height, which is complicated and easily disrupts the consistency of the test environment.

[0039] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] refer to Figures 1 to 4 This application provides a resistance characteristic test device 100 for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants. The test device 100 includes a test chamber 110, a support frame 120, a test tower 130, a lifting device 140, and an exhaust pipe 150.

[0041] The test chamber 110 has an installation space 111 inside. As a closed environment for the entire test device 100, the test chamber 110 provides stable and controllable test boundary conditions, avoids external airflow interference, and meets the layout requirements of the limited space of the test chamber 110.

[0042] The support frame 120 is fixedly installed in the installation space 111. As a rigid load-bearing structure, the support frame 120 is used to stably support the test tower 130 and the lifting device 140, ensuring that the test tower 130 maintains verticality and structural stability during the lifting process, and avoiding additional errors caused by swaying.

[0043] The test tower 130 is mounted on the support frame 120. The test tower 130 has a first air inlet 131 facing the ground along its height and a first air outlet 132 away from the ground. The test tower 130 simulates the prototype structure of a large indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power. The design of its first air inlet 131 facing the ground can realistically reproduce the key flow characteristics of the prototype tower "natural air intake from the ground", overcoming the defect of traditional devices that distort the air intake method by raising the entire tower.

[0044] A lifting device 140 is mounted on the support frame 120 and is connected to the test tower 130 via a transmission connection to drive the test tower 130 to move along its own height. For example, the lifting device 140 may include a vertically arranged high-precision ball screw, a nut seat fixedly connected to the bottom of the test tower 130, a servo motor, and a guide rail. The servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate, causing the threaded nut seat to move up and down, thereby pulling the test tower 130 up and down. Alternatively, the lifting device 140 may also include a hydraulic or electric push rod lifting system, with several synchronous electric push rods (or hydraulic cylinders) symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the support frame 120, their tops connected to the bottom of the test tower 130. The multiple push rods are synchronously extended and retracted by a PLC to push the test tower 130 up and down as a whole. Alternatively, the lifting device 140 may also include a scissor lift platform, with the test tower 130 mounted on a small scissor lift platform. The scissor lift platform is embedded in the internal cavity of the support frame 120, and the scissor arms are extended / retracted by hydraulic or electric drive to realize the lifting of the scissor lift platform and the test tower 130.

[0045] The exhaust duct 150 is at least provided in the installation space 111. For example, the exhaust duct 150 may be partially located in the installation space 111 and partially extended outside the installation space 111, or the exhaust duct 150 may be entirely located in the installation space 111.

[0046] The exhaust duct 150 includes a second air inlet and a second air outlet 151. The second air inlet is connected to the first air outlet 132 to form a closed airflow channel, ensuring that all the airflow discharged from the test tower 130 enters the exhaust system and avoids leakage that could affect the measurement accuracy.

[0047] The second air outlet 151 is equipped with a fan 160, which is located away from the test tower 130 body to effectively prevent the vibration of the fan 160 and the backflow airflow from interfering with the flow field inside the tower.

[0048] Among them, the exhaust duct 150 has at least one bend section 152. On the one hand, the bend structure helps to enhance the rigidity of the pipeline and improve the overall seismic performance; on the other hand, by reasonably arranging the bend path, it further blocks the propagation of disturbances from the fan 160 end to the test tower 130, while facilitating flexible pipe laying in a limited space and adapting to the net height limit of the laboratory 110.

[0049] In the experimental setup 100 of this application, during testing, the test tower 130 moves up and down along its own height direction via the lifting device 140, thereby changing the actual height of its bottom first air inlet 131 above the ground to simulate the air intake conditions of an air-cooled tower under different design conditions. Air flows naturally from the ground into the test tower 130 through the first air inlet 131, completes heat exchange, and is discharged through the top first exhaust outlet 132, entering the exhaust duct 150. The exhaust duct 150 guides the airflow to the fan 160, which is far away from the test tower 130, through its bend structure. The entire airflow path is closed and clearly defined, and the air intake method strictly follows the prototype characteristics of "ground-based air intake".

[0050] Since the support frame 120 remains stationary while only the test tower 130 is raised and lowered, the basic test environment (such as ground flatness and the position of surrounding obstacles) remains constant, ensuring the comparability of test data under multiple operating conditions. At the same time, the fan 160 is located away from the test area and is isolated from disturbances by the bent exhaust duct 150, significantly improving the measurement accuracy of key parameters such as pressure and wind speed.

[0051] Thus, the first air inlet 131 of the test tower 130 always faces the ground, accurately replicating the actual air inlet boundary of a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power, and solving the flow distortion problem caused by raising the tower base in existing devices. By using the lifting device 140 to move only the test tower 130 body, there is no need to adjust the entire support platform or foundation, making the operation simple, repeatable, and suitable for rapid switching between multiple operating conditions.

[0052] Furthermore, the fan 160 is located far from the test tower 130 and is connected to the exhaust pipe 150 with a bend 152, which effectively suppresses vibration transmission and airflow backflow, ensuring flow field stability and measurement accuracy.

[0053] In addition, the test device 100 has a compact overall structure, and the exhaust pipe 150 can be flexibly arranged with bent sections 152 according to the space, overcoming the indoor net height limitation, and is suitable for space-constrained scenarios such as nuclear power plant supporting test chamber 110.

[0054] Specifically, the test tower 130 can be a scaled-down model. The overall structure of the test tower 130 includes a bottom section of the tower, a straight pipe section, and a top section of the tower connected sequentially from bottom to top. Each part works together to form a complete airflow channel and ensures similarity with the prototype air-cooled tower in key flow characteristics.

[0055] The bottom section of the tower is located at the lowest part of the test tower 130 and is set directly facing the ground. The bottom section of the tower has a first air inlet 131 circumferentially opened. The air inlet runs through the entire annular area of ​​the bottom section of the tower, forming a 360° uniform air intake cross section, which is used to simulate the actual working condition of a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants naturally drawing in cooling air from the ground.

[0056] The bottom section's outer wall is equipped with reinforcing ribs or flange structures for reliable fixation to the connecting bracket of the lifting device 140, ensuring structural stability and preventing swaying during lifting. An optional simplified module simulating a cooling triangle can be installed internally to reproduce the effect of heat exchange elements on airflow resistance within the prototype tower (if the test objective includes heat exchange structure effects).

[0057] The straight pipe section connects to the top of the bottom section of the tower and is a vertical cylindrical or near-cylindrical pipe structure. The straight pipe section has a constant inner diameter, and its length is determined based on the Reynolds number similarity criterion and space optimization in laboratory 110. Its main function is to provide a fully developed internal flow field and reduce inlet effect interference. The outer wall of the straight pipe section may have pressure measurement holes or sensor mounting interfaces for arranging pressure, temperature, or wind speed measurement points for the parameter detection module described later, to obtain the internal parameters (friction resistance distribution data) of the test tower 130 during the testing process. The pipe wall of the straight pipe section is made of transparent or removable materials (such as plexiglass or aluminum alloy segmented shells) to facilitate observation of the internal flow or replacement of internal components.

[0058] The top section of the tower is located above the straight pipe section, serving as the airflow outlet area. A first exhaust port 132 is located at the top center or annular area of ​​the top section. This exhaust port connects to the second air inlet of the exhaust pipe 150 via a sealing flange or flexible connector 180, forming a closed exhaust channel. The shape of the top section can be scaled down from the throat or diffuser section of the prototype tower to more realistically reflect the impact of the prototype tower's outlet expansion on back pressure (depending on the experimental accuracy requirements). If forced ventilation conditions need to be simulated, guide vanes or rectifier grilles can be integrated inside the top section; however, this device preferably uses a natural ventilation mode, with the fan 160 positioned at the far-end exhaust pipe 150 to avoid localized disturbances.

[0059] Understandably, an extension device 170 can be provided between the exhaust pipe 150 and the test tower 130, or the connection between the exhaust pipe 150 and the test tower 130 can be a flexible pipe to accommodate the deformation of the test tower 130 during the lifting and lowering process on the support frame 120, so as to avoid tearing at the connection between the exhaust pipe 150 and the test tower 130 due to the lifting and lowering of the test tower 130.

[0060] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the second air inlet is located above the first air outlet 132 and is opposite to the first air outlet 132 along the height direction of the test tower 130. This arrangement ensures that after the airflow is discharged vertically upward from the first air outlet 132 at the top of the test tower 130, it can directly and smoothly enter the second air inlet of the exhaust pipe 150, forming an axially aligned airflow channel. This coaxial alignment structure avoids airflow deflection, vortexing, or local contraction / expansion at the interface, thereby reducing additional local resistance loss and ensuring the authenticity and repeatability of the resistance characteristic test data.

[0061] A telescopic device 170 is provided between the second air inlet and the first air outlet 132. The telescopic device 170 is configured to extend and retract synchronously when the test tower 130 moves along its own height. As a dynamic sealing interface connecting the test tower 130 and the fixed exhaust pipe 150, the telescopic device 170 plays a key role in compensating for displacement, maintaining airtightness and structural continuity during the lifting and lowering of the test tower 130. This ensures that the deformation of the telescopic device 170 is strictly matched with the displacement of the test tower 130, avoiding the phenomena of "lagging pull" or "over-compression".

[0062] Specifically, the expansion joint 170 can take the form of a multi-layered bellows, a sliding sleeve, or a flexible fabric compensator, possessing good axial expansion and contraction capacity, airtight performance, and fatigue durability. Synchronous expansion and contraction also ensures the consistency of the inner diameter at the interface, preventing the introduction of non-prototype resistance due to abrupt changes in cross-section.

[0063] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 According to some embodiments of the present invention, the telescopic device 170 includes at least one of a telescopic sleeve 171 or a flexible sleeve 172. Exemplarily, the telescopic device 170 may include a telescopic sleeve 171, or the telescopic device 170 may also include a flexible sleeve 172, or the telescopic device 170 may simultaneously provide a telescopic sleeve 171 and a flexible sleeve 172.

[0064] The telescopic sleeve 171 can be composed of multiple concentric metal or high-strength engineering plastic sleeves, and can slide freely along the axial direction. The inner wall of the telescopic sleeve 171 is smooth and the cross-section is constant, which can effectively maintain the geometric consistency of the airflow channel and avoid sudden changes in local resistance due to deformation. The telescopic sleeve 171 has high rigidity and pressure resistance, and is suitable for test conditions with medium and high pressure differentials or high requirements for pipeline stability.

[0065] The flexible sleeve 172 can be made of aging-resistant and temperature-resistant flexible materials (such as silicone cloth, polyurethane coated fiberglass cloth or multi-layer composite fabric), and has good axial tensile / compression properties. The flexible sleeve 172 is lightweight and easy to install, and has minimal resistance to the lifting and lowering movement of the test tower 130, which is beneficial to improving the response accuracy of the lifting system. The flexible sleeve 172 can absorb minor misalignment or vibration, and further isolate the disturbance at the fan 160 end from being transmitted to the test tower 130.

[0066] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the telescopic device 170 includes a telescopic sleeve 171 and a flexible sleeve 172, the flexible sleeve 172 being sleeved outside the telescopic sleeve 171.

[0067] Thus, the telescopic sleeve 171, as the main load-bearing and flow channel maintenance unit, can be composed of two levels of metal or high-strength engineering plastic sleeves coaxially nested together; during the lifting and lowering of the test tower 130, it undertakes the main axial displacement compensation function, ensuring the geometric continuity and cross-sectional stability of the internal airflow channel; its rigid structure effectively resists the collapse or deformation caused by the negative pressure of the exhaust system, ensuring the constant inner diameter of the flow channel and avoiding the introduction of non-prototype local resistance due to abrupt changes in cross-section.

[0068] The flexible sleeve 172 serves as an auxiliary sealing and environmental isolation layer, wrapping around the outer periphery of the telescopic sleeve 171. The main function of the flexible sleeve 172 is to seal the micro-leakage paths that may exist in the sliding gap of the telescopic sleeve 171, forming a double sealing barrier and significantly improving the overall airtight reliability. At the same time, it also serves to prevent dust and foreign matter intrusion, protecting the sliding surface of the telescopic sleeve 171 from contamination and extending its service life. The flexibility of the flexible sleeve 172 can absorb the small radial displacement of the telescopic sleeve 171 caused by manufacturing tolerances or thermal expansion and contraction, improving the system's fault tolerance.

[0069] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to some embodiments of the present invention, the support frame 120 includes a first surface facing the first exhaust port 132 along the height direction of the test tower 130. The first surface constitutes the upper load-bearing platform or mounting reference surface of the support frame 120, facing the top of the test tower 130 (i.e., the end where the first exhaust port 132 is located), providing a stable and horizontal mounting base for the elevator 141 of the lifting device 140. The spatial positioning of the first surface ensures that the force line of the elevator 141 is basically aligned with the center of gravity of the test tower 130, reducing the situation of off-center loading.

[0070] The test tower 130 is provided with a connecting flange 133 protruding circumferentially. The connecting flange 133 has a second side opposite to the first side along the height direction of the test tower 130. The connecting flange 133 serves as a dedicated force-bearing interface for the test tower 130, protruding evenly along the circumference of the tower body to form a ring or segmented load-bearing structure. The second side of the connecting flange 133 serves as a pressure-bearing surface that directly contacts the lifting end of the elevator 141, ensuring that the load is evenly transmitted to the tower body through the flange and avoiding local stress concentration that could lead to deformation or sealing failure.

[0071] The lifting device 140 includes multiple lifting platforms 141 and drive motors 142. The multiple lifting platforms 141 are located on the first side and around the perimeter of the test tower 130. The lifting platforms 141 are distributed around the circumference of the test tower 130 (usually 3, 4 or more points symmetrically arranged) to form a multi-point support system. This layout effectively balances the overturning moment caused by the self-weight of the test tower 130 and wind load, ensuring that the tower body always maintains a vertical posture during the lifting process and preventing tilting, jamming or interface misalignment.

[0072] The lifting end of the elevator 141 is connected to the second surface, so that the output force of the elevator 141 can be directly applied to the rigid connection flange 133 of the test tower 130. The transmission path is short and the rigidity is high. Specifically, the lifting end and the second surface can be reliably connected by bolts, pins or floating joints, taking into account both centering tolerance and force transmission efficiency.

[0073] Adjacent lifting platforms 141 are connected by a transmission rod, and the drive motor 142 is connected to one of the transmission rods. In this way, the transmission rod (such as a universal joint drive shaft, synchronous linkage, or gear and rack linkage mechanism) mechanically couples multiple lifting platforms 141, forcing them to move synchronously. Only a single drive motor 142 is needed to drive all lifting platforms 141, simplifying the control system, reducing hardware costs, and fundamentally avoiding the asynchrony problems that may occur when multiple motors are controlled independently. The mechanical synchronization method has a fast response and high reliability, and is not affected by electrical signal delay or sensor drift, making it particularly suitable for precision testing scenarios with stringent requirements for lifting smoothness.

[0074] In this embodiment, multiple elevators 141 are driven to move synchronously by a transmission rod to ensure that the test tower 130 does not tilt or twist during the entire lifting process, and to maintain the first air inlet 131 parallel to the ground and the first air outlet 132 aligned with the exhaust pipe 150, thereby ensuring the consistency of the flow field boundary conditions under various working conditions.

[0075] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the lifting end is provided with a connector 180, which serves as a transition force transmission component between the lifting end of the elevator 141 and the connecting flange 133 of the test tower 130, solving the mismatch problem between the two in spatial position, installation interface or force direction; the connector 180 provides a standardized, detachable mechanical interface, which facilitates assembly, debugging and maintenance.

[0076] The connector 180 includes a first section and a second section. The first section extends along the height direction of the test tower 130 and is fixedly connected to the lifting end. The second section is perpendicular to the first section, fixedly connected to the first section, and fixedly connected to the second surface. Thus, the connector 180 is formed as a T-shaped or L-shaped component, so that the connection point is laterally offset from directly above the elevator 141 to the position of the connecting flange 133 circumferentially around the test tower 130, adapting to the spatial layout constraints of the outer contour of the test tower 130 and the installation distance between the elevator 141 and the test tower 130.

[0077] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a stroke detection device is also provided on the first side, which is used to detect the position of the connecting flange 133; and the stroke detection device is communicatively connected to the drive motor 142.

[0078] The travel detection device may include a wire displacement sensor, a laser rangefinder, a magnetostrictive displacement sensor, or a high-precision encoder.

[0079] Since the connecting flange 133 is the rigid force transmission interface between the test tower 130 and the lifting device 140, its position can accurately represent the vertical coordinates of the entire test tower 130, thereby accurately reflecting the actual height of the first air inlet 131 from the ground - which is the core control parameter of the resistance characteristic test.

[0080] During the test, the detection signal is transmitted in real time to the controller (such as a PLC or servo driver) of the drive motor 142. The controller dynamically adjusts the start, stop, direction, or speed of the drive motor 142 according to the deviation between the set target height and the actual measured position, so as to achieve precise positioning, automatic stopping, and over-limit protection. When the lifting overtravel is detected (such as reaching the upper or lower limit), the system can immediately cut off the power to the drive motor 142 or reverse brake it to prevent the test tower 130 from hitting the exhaust pipe 150, the ground, or the support frame 120, thus avoiding equipment damage.

[0081] In addition, users can preset multiple air inlet height values, and the system will automatically raise and lower them sequentially, maintain a steady state, and collect data without manual intervention. This helps improve test efficiency and is suitable for parametric research or long-cycle certification tests.

[0082] refer to Figure 1 According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second exhaust port 151 extends to the outside of the test chamber 110. The second exhaust port 151 serves as the terminal outlet of the exhaust pipe 150, extending to the outside of the test chamber 110, so that the operation of the fan 160 (usually installed at the exhaust port) is completely detached from the internal space of the test chamber 110. This effectively avoids the interference of airflow backflow, pressure pulsation, mechanical vibration and noise generated by the operation of the fan 160 on the flow field around the test tower 130 inside the test chamber 110, ensuring that the air intake and the flow state inside the tower are determined only by the resistance characteristics of the model itself, rather than by external equipment disturbances.

[0083] As a controlled space simulating the prototype environment, the test chamber 110 needs to maintain the internal air stillness or only have directional flow formed by the natural suction of the test tower 130; the exhaust outlet is moved out of the test chamber 110 to prevent the exhaust airflow from forming vortices, recirculation or local positive pressure zones in the room, thereby avoiding the destruction of the natural air intake conditions at the first air inlet 131 and ensuring the authenticity of the "ground air intake" boundary.

[0084] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fan 160 is located on the ground. The fan 160 is arranged on the ground outside the test chamber 110 to make full use of the ground's load-bearing capacity, which facilitates installation, maintenance and heat dissipation. It avoids suspending or elevating the heavy fan 160, reducing structural complexity and safety risks. In conjunction with the aforementioned second exhaust vent 151 extending to the outside of the test chamber 110, the fan 160 is completely externalized, and the disturbance source is completely isolated.

[0085] A connector 180 is provided between the air inlet of the fan 160 and the second air outlet 151. The connector 180 includes a connecting hose 181 and a hose sleeve 182.

[0086] The air inlet of the fan 160 and the second exhaust outlet 151 are connected by a connecting hose 181. The connecting hose (usually a negative pressure resistant, highly flexible industrial-grade ventilation hose, such as a steel wire reinforced PVC hose or a silicone composite hose) serves as a flexible transition section in the airflow channel, used to connect the fixed-position second exhaust outlet 151 (from the end of the exhaust duct 150) to the air inlet of the ground fan 160. Its flexibility can absorb the vibration of the fan 160 during operation, preventing the vibration from being transmitted in the reverse direction along the pipeline to the exhaust duct 150 and the test tower 130, thus avoiding interference with the stability of the flow field and the accuracy of the sensors. At the same time, it compensates for minor displacements or angular deviations caused by uneven ground, fan 160 installation errors, or thermal expansion and contraction, ensuring reliable connection and stress-free assembly.

[0087] The hose sleeve 182 is fitted over the connecting hose 181. Specifically, the hose sleeve 182 can be a wear-resistant fabric sleeve, a metal braided sheath, or a flame-retardant and heat-insulating sleeve. The hose sleeve 182 serves as an external protective layer, wrapping around the connecting hose 181 to prevent the connecting hose 181 from being stepped on, rubbed, scratched by sharp objects, or aged by ultraviolet rays, thus extending the service life of the connecting hose 181.

[0088] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the test apparatus 100 further includes a parameter detection module disposed inside the test tower 130, which is used to detect the internal parameters of the test tower 130 during the test process.

[0089] The parameter detection module integrates multiple sensors and is arranged in key sections inside the test tower 130 (such as upstream of the first air inlet 131, the middle of the straight pipe section, and downstream of the first air outlet 132). It is used to continuously and synchronously collect internal physical quantities reflecting the airflow state during the test, providing the original data basis for resistance characteristic analysis.

[0090] The parameter detection module may include wind speed sensors (such as Pitot tubes, thermal anemometers or ultrasonic anemometers), flow meters (such as venturi tubes, orifice plates or vortex flow meters), pressure sensors, temperature sensors, differential pressure sensors and humidity sensors arranged at multiple points. The test tower 130 may have multiple detection holes, and the sensors are arranged in the detection holes.

[0091] The internal parameters include at least the following parameters:

[0092] Static pressure: Multiple pressure measurement holes are arranged along the 130mm height of the test tower to calculate the total pressure drop and local resistance distribution.

[0093] Wind speed or volumetric flow rate: obtained through cross-sectional average wind speed or a dedicated flow meter, and used as the horizontal axis of the resistance curve.

[0094] Temperature: Used to correct for air properties (density, viscosity) to ensure similarity criteria are matched;

[0095] Total pressure: Combine static pressure to calculate dynamic pressure and analyze kinetic energy loss;

[0096] Humidity: Used when simulating a real atmospheric environment.

[0097] The following is a test method for a resistance characteristic test device 100 for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants, including the following steps:

[0098] S1: Set test conditions: Determine the height of the first air inlet 131 above the ground according to the test requirements (simulate different prototype conditions); input the target height command to the drive motor 142 through the control terminal.

[0099] S2: Drive motor 142 controls the movement of test tower 130 according to the target height command. The stroke detection device detects the position of connecting flange 133 in real time and feeds back the position signal to drive motor 142 controller. When test tower 130 reaches the target height, control system automatically stops drive motor 142 to complete precise positioning.

[0100] S3: Conduct resistance characteristic test: Start the fan 160 and draw air from the test tower 130 through the exhaust pipe 150 to form a stable airflow that enters from the ground through the first air inlet 131 and exits through the first air outlet 132; the parameter detection module simultaneously collects data such as static pressure, wind speed, and temperature inside the test tower 130; the data acquisition system records the volumetric flow rate and total tower pressure drop under steady-state conditions, generating resistance characteristic data points at the height of the air inlet; during the operation of the fan 160, the connecting hose 181 effectively isolates vibration, the flexible sleeve 172 and the hose sleeve 182 ensure reliable connection, and the telescopic device 170 remains sealed with the position of the test tower 130 to ensure a clean measurement environment.

[0101] S4: Multi-condition switching and repeated testing: Change the target height and repeat steps three and four to achieve resistance characteristic testing at different first air inlet heights of 131. All conditions were performed in the same laboratory environment (110°C), with consistent basic boundary conditions, ensuring highly comparable data.

[0102] S5: Data Processing and Output: Summarize pressure drop-air volume data under various operating conditions and plot resistance characteristic curves; combine prototype similarity criteria to extrapolate to the actual operating performance of large-scale indirect air-cooled towers in nuclear power plants, providing a basis for engineering design.

[0103] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0104] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A resistance characteristic test device (100) for a large-scale indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants, characterized in that, include, The laboratory (110) has an installation space (111) inside. The support frame (120) is fixedly installed in the installation space (111); The test tower (130) is mounted on the support frame (120). The test tower (130) has a first air inlet (131) facing the ground along its own height direction and a first air outlet (132) away from the ground. A lifting device (140) is provided on the support frame (120). The lifting device (140) is connected to the test tower (130) in a transmission manner to drive the test tower (130) to move along its own height direction. An exhaust duct (150) is provided at least in the installation space (111). The exhaust duct (150) includes a second air inlet and a second air outlet (151). The second air inlet is connected to the first air outlet (132). The second air outlet (151) is provided with a fan (160). The exhaust duct (150) has at least one bend (152).

2. The resistance characteristic test device (100) for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second air inlet is located above the first air outlet (132) and is opposite to the first air outlet (132) along the height direction of the test tower (130). A telescopic device (170) is provided between the second air inlet and the first air outlet (132). The telescopic device (170) is configured to extend and retract synchronously when the test tower (130) moves along its own height direction.

3. The resistance characteristic test device (100) for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic device (170) includes at least one of a telescopic sleeve (171) or a flexible sleeve (172).

4. The resistance characteristic test device (100) for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic device (170) includes a telescopic sleeve (171) and a flexible sleeve (172), with the flexible sleeve (172) fitted over the telescopic sleeve (171).

5. The resistance characteristic test device (100) for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support frame (120) includes a first surface facing the first exhaust port (132) along the height direction of the test tower (130), and a connecting flange (133) is circumferentially protruding from the test tower (130), the connecting flange (133) having a second surface opposite to the first surface along the height direction of the test tower (130); The lifting device (140) includes multiple lifting machines (141) and a drive motor (142). The multiple lifting machines (141) are located on the first surface and around the periphery of the test tower (130). The lifting end of the lifting machine (141) is connected to the second surface. Two adjacent lifting machines (141) are connected by a transmission rod. The drive motor (142) is connected to one of the transmission rods.

6. The resistance characteristic test apparatus (100) for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting end is provided with a connector (180), the connector (180) includes a first section and a second section, the first section extends along the height direction of the test tower (130) and is fixedly connected to the lifting end, the second section is perpendicular to the first section, the second section is fixedly connected to the first section and is fixedly connected to the second surface.

7. The resistance characteristic test apparatus (100) for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first side is also provided with a stroke detection device, which is used to detect the position of the connecting flange (133); and the stroke detection device is communicatively connected to the drive motor (142).

8. The resistance characteristic test apparatus (100) for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second exhaust vent (151) extends outside the test chamber (110).

9. The resistance characteristic test apparatus (100) for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fan (160) is located on the ground. A connector (180) is provided between the air inlet of the fan (160) and the second exhaust outlet (151). The connector (180) includes a connecting hose (181) and a hose sleeve (182). The air inlet of the fan (160) and the second exhaust outlet (151) are connected through the connecting hose (181). The hose sleeve (182) is fitted over the connecting hose (181).

10. The resistance characteristic test apparatus (100) for a large indirect air-cooled tower in nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a parameter detection module, which is located inside the test tower (130). The parameter detection module is used to detect the internal parameters of the test tower (130) during the test process.

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