Water pollution detection sampling device for water conservancy project

Abstract

The water pollution detection sampling device comprises a ground pile, a sampler is arranged at the output end of the ground pile, a sampling valve and a sample outlet head are arranged on the outer side of the sampler, a balance weight ring is further arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the sampler, and the sampling valve comprises a sample inlet pipe fixedly arranged on the outer side of the sampler; a plugging ring, a filtering ring and a fixing ring are sequentially arranged in the sample injection pipe from outside to inside, the plugging ring and the fixing ring are fixedly connected to the inner side of the sample injection pipe, the filtering ring is slidably connected to the inner side of the sample injection pipe, a plurality of filtering membranes are arranged on the outer ring of the filtering ring in the circumferential direction, and a plugging cone is rotationally connected to the inner side of the filtering ring. Rotating blades are arranged on the outer side of the rear half section of the plugging cone. According to the sampling valve, the phenomena of water sample backflow and external water leakage after sampling is completed are prevented, the problems of blocking lag and sealing failure easily caused by a single sealing structure of an existing sampling valve are solved, the sealing reliability of the sampling valve is improved, and the stability of the sampling process and the depth representativeness of the collected water sample are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water pollution detection and sampling technology, specifically to a water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction and operation of water conservancy projects, water resource protection and water pollution prevention and control, surface water quality monitoring is a core and fundamental link in carrying out water environment quality assessment, pollution source tracing and investigation, water ecological scheduling and management, and environmental law enforcement evidence collection. Water pollution detection and sampling devices are key specialized equipment for obtaining representative water samples and ensuring the authenticity and validity of water quality testing data. They are widely used in fixed-point and stratified water quality sampling operations in water conservancy projects such as rivers, reservoirs, upstream and downstream of water conservancy hubs, and sewage outlets into rivers. Among them, the sampling valve is the core component for controlling the flow of water and preventing backflow and pollution of water samples. The reliability of its backflow prevention and sealing and the linkage of its actions directly determine the effectiveness of the sampling operation and the authenticity of the collected water samples.

[0003] Existing water pollution detection and sampling devices for water conservancy projects mostly adopt a negative pressure sampling structure. The negative pressure difference formed in the sampling chamber drives the sampling valve core to open, thereby collecting the target water body. After sampling, the water inlet channel is sealed by a single spring reset sealing structure.

[0004] However, the existing structure only uses a single-stage sealing structure to prevent backflow. This not only has the problem of delayed sealing action, which can easily lead to backflow of collected water samples and leakage of external water bodies, but also the single-stage sealing structure is prone to sealing failure under complex working conditions such as high sediment and rapid flow in water conservancy projects. This makes it impossible to guarantee the depth representativeness of collected water samples and the accuracy of subsequent water quality test data, and it is difficult to meet the high reliability sampling operation requirements of water conservancy projects in complex water environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects, which aims to improve the problem that the sealing action of the existing single-stage anti-backflow sealing structure is lagging and prone to backflow of collected water samples and leakage of external water bodies.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects, comprising a ground pile, a sampler being provided at the output end of the ground pile, a sampling valve and a sampling head being provided on the outside of the sampler, and a counterweight ring being provided on the bottom outside of the sampler; The sampling valve includes an inlet tube fixedly installed on the outside of the sampler. Inside the inlet tube, from the outside to the inside, there are a sealing ring, a filter ring, and a fixing ring arranged sequentially. The sealing ring and the fixing ring are fixedly connected to the inside of the inlet tube. The filter ring is slidably connected to the inside of the inlet tube. Multiple filter membranes are arranged circumferentially on the outer ring of the filter ring. A sealing cone is rotatably connected to the inside of the filter ring. A rotating blade is arranged on the outer side of the rear half of the sealing cone. The outer shape of the sealing cone is adapted to the inner shape of the sealing ring. Multiple movable rods are fixedly connected to the rear side of the filter ring. A return spring is arranged between the end of the movable rod and the fixing ring.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: A fixed frame is fixedly connected to the inner side of the injection tube, a limiting cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner end of the fixed frame, an internal threaded ring is slidably connected inside the limiting cylinder, a transmission rod is fixedly connected to the front end of the sealing cone, and the front end of the transmission rod is threadedly connected to the inside of the internal threaded ring. Multiple sliders are fixedly connected to the outer side of the internal threaded ring, and the sliders are slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting cylinder. An expansion ring is provided on the outer side of the internal threaded ring. As a further description of the above technical solution: The outer side of the expansion ring is provided with multiple water inlets, and the inner side of the sample inlet tube is provided with a partition groove that matches the shape of the expansion ring at its maximum deformation state. As a further description of the above technical solution: The sampler includes a trigger element, which is located at the bottom of the sampler. Three sampling boxes are located on the top of the trigger element, and a sealing head is located on the top of each sampling box. A drive rod is slidably connected between the trigger element and the center of the sampling box, and a sealing connection ring is provided between the trigger element and the outside of the sampling box. As a further description of the above technical solution: The trigger includes a housing, a pressure plug is slidably connected inside the housing, the bottom of the drive rod is fixedly connected to the top of the pressure plug, two partitions are fixedly connected to the inner side of the housing, and a three-layer spring assembly is provided between the housing and the two partitions, with the rigidity of the three springs in the three-layer spring assembly increasing sequentially from the bottom to the top. As a further description of the above technical solution: The sampling box includes a sealed box body, a pressure plate is slidably connected between the sealed box body and the drive rod, a locking groove is provided inside the pressure plate, a magnetic ball is slidably connected inside the pressure plate and slides inside the locking groove, a locking post is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the sealed box body, and the shape of the locking post is adapted to the shape of the locking groove, and a slot adapted to the shape of the magnetic ball is provided on the outer side of the locking post. As a further description of the above technical solution: The drive rod includes a smooth rod body, with a set of attraction grooves and a set of repulsion grooves on the outer side of the smooth rod body. The orientation of the attraction grooves and repulsion grooves corresponds to the orientation of the magnetic ball. The magnetism of the magnetic ball attracts the attraction grooves and repels the repulsion grooves. The magnetism of the magnetic ball attracts the slots and the magnetic field of the slots is less than that of the attraction grooves. As a further description of the above technical solution: The drive rod also includes a roughened rod head. The roughened outer surface of the roughened rod head and the roughened inner surface of the sealing head form a one-way friction structure. When the roughened rod head moves downward, the friction increases, thereby preventing the drive rod from automatically sliding down when the sampler is retracted upward. As a further description of the above technical solution: The ground pile includes an installation platform, with a grounding plate fixedly connected to the inner side of the installation platform, a drive wheel rotatably connected to the top of the installation platform, a traction rope provided on the outer side of the drive wheel, and a connector fixedly connected to the other end of the traction rope, and the connector is fixed to the top of the sampler.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. A rotating blade sealing cone, adapted to the sealing ring cone surface inside the sampling tube, works in conjunction with a sliding filter ring, a movable rod, and a return spring. Under the negative pressure of the sampling chamber, the sealing cone retracts to open the water inlet channel. The water flow drives the blade to rotate, causing the transmission rod and the internal threaded ring to complete the threaded transmission, providing pre-coordination for the sealing action. After sampling, the return spring drives the sealing cone to return to its original position and fit tightly against the sealing ring, completing the first-stage sealing of the cone surface hard seal. At the same time, the water flow enters the expansion ring through the inlet, triggering its radial deformation and completely locking into the partition groove inside the sampling tube to complete the second-stage locking seal. This achieves integrated linkage of sampling water inlet and double anti-backflow sealing throughout the entire process, thus preventing water sample backflow and leakage of external water after sampling. It also solves the problem of sealing lag and sealing failure that easily occurs in the single sealing structure of existing sampling valves, improving the sealing reliability of the sampling valve and ensuring the stability of the sampling process and the depth representativeness of the collected water samples.

[0009] 2. Through a three-layer spring assembly with increasing rigidity from bottom to top inside the trigger housing, the pressure plug driven by water pressure drives the central drive rod to complete the tiered upward movement. Then, through the magnetic attraction and repulsion grooves on the drive rod and the magnetic ball inside the sampling box pressure plate, the pressure plate is unlocked and slid to form a negative pressure sampling space. After sampling, the magnetic ball is locked into the locking pin slot to complete the double mechanical locking of the pressure plate. This enables independent sampling of multiple depths in a single tier, with the entire process being purely mechanically automatic without manual intervention. This solves the problem of cross-contamination in water tiered sampling and ensures the representativeness and independence of water samples at different depths. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of an embodiment of a water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ground pile structure of a water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sampler of a water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a plan view of the sampler of a water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the trigger element of a water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling box of a water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling valve of a water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal threaded ring of a water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects proposed in this invention; Figure 9 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0011] Labeling Explanation: 1. Ground stake; 101. Mounting platform; 102. Grounding plate; 103. Drive wheel; 104. Traction rope; 105. Connector; 2. Sampler; 21. Trigger; 211. Housing; 212. Pressure plug; 213. Partition; 214. Three-layer spring assembly; 22. Sampling box; 221. Sealed housing; 222. Pressure plate; 223. Locking groove; 224. Magnetic ball; 225. Locking stake; 23. Sealing head; 24. Drive rod; 241. Light 242. Sliding rod body; 243. Gravity groove; 244. Repulsion groove; 25. Sealing connection ring; 3. Counterweight ring; 4. Sampling valve; 401. Inlet tube; 402. Sealing ring; 403. Filter ring; 404. Fixing ring; 405. Sealing cone; 406. Movable rod; 407. Return spring; 408. Fixing frame; 409. Limiting cylinder; 410. Internal threaded ring; 411. Sliding block; 412. Transmission rod; 413. Expansion ring; 414. Partition groove; 5. Sample outlet head. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: like Figures 1 to 9The diagram shown is an embodiment of a water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects provided by the present invention. The device includes a ground pile 1, which ensures stable installation and fixation of the sampling device at the sampling point in the water conservancy project, providing a rigid support reference for the lowering and lifting of the sampler 2. The sampler 2 is installed at the output end of the ground pile 1. The sampler 2 enables the collection and independent sealed storage of water samples at different depths, and is the core execution unit for water pollution detection and sampling. A sampling valve is installed on the outside of the sampler 2. The sampling valve 4 and the sampling head 5 enable automatic opening and closing control of the water inlet channel during the sampling process, simultaneously completing the pre-filtration and backflow prevention of the water sample. The sampling head 5 enables the controllable export of the water sample after collection, and can be sealed with a standard sampling bottle to avoid external contamination during the transfer of the water sample. A counterweight ring 3 is also provided on the bottom outer side of the sampler 2. The counterweight ring 3 enables the vertical posture of the sampler 2 during the lowering process, counteracts the impact and disturbance of the water flow on the sampler 2, and ensures that the sampler 2 always sinks stably in the vertical direction.

[0013] The ground pile 1 includes an installation platform 101, which integrates the installation of all functional components of the ground pile 1 and provides a stable installation carrier for the drive wheel 103 and the grounding plate 102. The grounding plate 102 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the installation platform 101, which firmly anchors the ground pile 1 to the soil layer on the bank of the sampling point, and can offset the tension generated during the lowering and lifting of the sampler 2, preventing the device from shifting or tipping over. The drive wheel 103 is rotatably connected to the top of the installation platform 101, which enables uniform speed control of the traction rope 104 and allows for precise adjustment. The lowering and lifting speed of the sampler 2 is controlled by a traction rope 104 on the outside of the drive wheel 103. The traction rope 104 enables power transmission between the sampler 2 and the shore anchor 1. It can be used with depth markers to precisely control the lowering depth of the sampler 2, completing the underwater deployment and surface retrieval of the sampler 2. The other end of the traction rope 104 is fixedly connected to a connector 105. The connector 105 enables a quick and secure connection between the traction rope 104 and the top of the sampler 2, ensuring the stability of the connection during the lowering and lifting of the sampler 2. The connector 105 is fixed to the top of the sampler 2.

[0014] The sampler 2 includes a trigger element 21, which mechanically converts water pressure signals at different depths, providing precise depth-triggered power for stratified sampling. The trigger element 21 is located at the bottom of the sampler 2, and three sampling boxes 22 are located on top of the trigger element 21. The sampling boxes 22 provide independent sealed storage for water samples at corresponding depths, providing a closed space for negative pressure sampling and ensuring complete isolation between water samples at different depths. A sealing head 23 is located on the top of the sampling box 22, which completely seals the top of the sampler 2, isolating external water from contact with the internal structure of the device, and also serves as a drive rod. 24 provides a one-way locking reference. The trigger 21 and the center of the sampling box 22 are slidably connected by a drive rod 24. The drive rod 24 realizes the step-by-step transmission of power from the trigger 21. With the help of the magnetic attraction structure, it completes the sampling triggering and locking control of each layer of sampling box 22. It is the core transmission component for realizing the coordinated layered sampling action. A sealing connection ring 25 is provided between the trigger 21 and the outside of the sampling box 22. The sealing connection ring 25 realizes the sealed connection between the trigger 21 and each layer of sampling box 22, preventing external water from seeping into the device, while ensuring the coaxiality and structural stability of the connection of each cavity.

[0015] The trigger 21 includes a housing 211, which protects and houses the internal components, isolates them from external mud and water, and provides a closed movement space for the pressure plug 212 and the spring assembly. The pressure plug 212 is slidably connected inside the housing 211. The pressure plug 212 accurately receives and converts the water pressure from the external water body, transforming the water pressure thrust into the axial movement power of the drive rod 24. The bottom of the drive rod 24 is fixedly connected to the top of the pressure plug 212. Two partitions are fixedly connected to the inner side of the housing 211. 213, the partition 213 realizes the independent separation and installation positioning of the three-layer spring group 214, provides a stable support benchmark for each level of spring, and ensures that each level of spring works independently and does not interfere with each other. The three-layer spring group 214 is set between the outer shell 211 and the two partitions 213. The three-layer spring group 214 realizes the graded triggering control of water pressure at different depths. Through the spring stiffness increasing from bottom to top, corresponding to the water pressure threshold of different water depths, it ensures the accurate graded triggering of sampling actions at each layer. Moreover, the stiffness of the three springs in the three-layer spring group 214 increases from bottom to top.

[0016] Sampling box 22 includes a sealed box body 221, which realizes the closed construction of negative pressure sampling space, providing an independent storage cavity for water samples and isolating external water bodies from contact with other layers of water samples. A pressure plate 222 is slidably connected between the sealed box body 221 and the drive rod 24. The pressure plate 222 realizes the construction of negative pressure space inside the sealed box body 221. The cavity volume is changed by axial sliding to form sampling negative pressure. After sampling, the cavity is sealed with the help of a locking structure. A locking groove 223 is opened inside the pressure plate 222. The locking groove 223 realizes the sliding guidance and limitation of the magnetic ball 224, and provides a structural reference for the locking cooperation between the pressure plate 222 and the locking post 225. The magnetic ball 224 is slidably connected inside the pressure plate 222 and slides inside the locking groove 223. 4. The magnetic linkage unlocking of the pressure plate 222 and the drive rod 24, as well as the mechanical locking of the pressure plate 222 and the locking stake 225, are realized. This is the core control component for controlling the switching of the action state of the pressure plate 222. The locking stake 225 is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the sealed box 221. The locking stake 225 realizes the mechanical positioning and locking of the pressure plate 222 after sampling. It works with the magnetic ball 224 to complete the double locking of the pressure plate 222, ensuring the complete sealing of the sealed cavity after sampling. The shape of the locking stake 225 is adapted to the shape of the locking groove 223. The outer side of the locking stake 225 is provided with a slot adapted to the shape of the magnetic ball 224. The slot realizes the precise engagement and positioning of the magnetic ball 224, strengthens the locking effect of the pressure plate 222 and the locking stake 225, and prevents the pressure plate 222 from shifting in the locked state.

[0017] The drive rod 24 includes a smooth rod body 241, which achieves a low-friction sliding fit with the pressure plate 222, providing a mounting carrier for the attraction groove 242 and the repulsion groove 243, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the axial movement of the drive rod 24. A set of attraction grooves 242 are formed on the outer side of the smooth rod body 241, which realize the magnetic attraction and traction of the magnetic ball 224, completing the linkage between the pressure plate 222 and the drive rod 24, triggering the sampling action of the corresponding layer sampling box 22, and the outer side of the smooth rod body 241 also has There is a set of repulsive grooves 243, which realize the magnetic attraction and repulsion of magnetic ball 224, push magnetic ball 224 to complete the locking engagement of pressure plate 222 and locking post 225, and terminate the sampling action of the corresponding layer. The opening positions of attraction groove 242 and repulsive groove 243 correspond to the position of magnetic ball 224. The magnetism of magnetic ball 224 attracts each other with attraction groove 242, the magnetism of magnetic ball 224 repels each other with repulsive groove 243, and the magnetism of magnetic ball 224 attracts each other with the magnetism of slot, and the magnetism of slot is less than the magnetism of attraction groove 242. The drive rod 24 also includes a roughened rod head. The roughened rod head realizes one-way friction locking of the drive rod 24 during the lifting process, counteracts the spring rebound tendency, and avoids malfunction caused by the drive rod 24 sliding down during the lifting process. The roughened outer surface of the roughened rod head and the roughened inner surface of the sealing head 23 form a one-way friction structure. When the roughened rod head moves downward, the friction increases, thereby preventing the drive rod 24 from automatically sliding down when the sampler 2 is retracted upward.

[0018] Sampling valve 4 includes an inlet pipe 401 fixedly installed outside the sampler 2. The inlet pipe 401 forms a flow channel between the external water body and the sampling box 22, providing a mounting carrier for the internal components of sampling valve 4. Inside the inlet pipe 401, from the outside to the inside, there are a sealing ring 402, a filter ring 403, and a fixing ring 404. The sealing ring 402 achieves a conical surface sealing fit with the sealing cone 405, sealing the water inlet channel in the non-sampling state and after sampling to prevent the infiltration of external water body and the backflow of internal water sample. The fixing ring 404... 04 achieves a stable connection between the return spring 407 and the sample inlet tube 401, providing a support reference for the movable rod 406 and the return spring 407. The sealing ring 402 and the fixing ring 404 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the sample inlet tube 401, and the filter ring 403 is slidably connected to the inner side of the sample inlet tube 401. The filter ring 403 achieves pre-filtration of the water sample during the water intake process, intercepting large particles of silt and impurities in the water, preventing channel blockage and impurities from entering the sampling box 22. Multiple filter membranes are arranged circumferentially on the outer ring of the filter ring 403. This system achieves fine filtration of the incoming water, effectively intercepting suspended impurities while ensuring smooth water flow. A sealing cone 405 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the filter ring 403. The sealing cone 405 controls the opening and closing of the water inlet channel, achieving a primary seal by fitting against the conical surface of the sealing ring 402. A rotating blade is installed on the outer rear half of the sealing cone 405. This blade converts the kinetic energy of the water flow into rotational mechanical energy, driving the sealing cone 405 and the transmission rod 412 to rotate. The outer side of the sealing cone 405... The side shape is adapted to the inner shape of the sealing ring 402. Multiple movable rods 406 are fixedly connected to the rear side of the filter ring 403. The movable rods 406 realize the power transmission between the filter ring 403 and the return spring 407 and provide guidance for the sliding of the filter ring 403. The end of the movable rod 406 is provided with a return spring 407 between it and the fixed ring 404. The return spring 407 realizes the automatic reset of the filter ring 403 and the sealing cone 405 after sampling, and provides continuous pre-tightening force for the first-stage sealing of the sealing cone 405.

[0019] A fixing frame 408 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the injection tube 401. The fixing frame 408 achieves a stable connection between the limiting cylinder 409 and the injection tube 401, providing a rigid installation reference for the limiting cylinder 409. The limiting cylinder 409 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the fixing frame 408. The limiting cylinder 409 achieves sliding guidance and circumferential limiting of the internal threaded ring 410, ensuring that the internal threaded ring 410 can only slide axially and cannot rotate circumferentially, providing a mating reference for the threaded transmission. The internal threaded ring 410 is slidably connected inside the limiting cylinder 409. The internal threaded ring 410 achieves threaded transmission mating with the transmission rod 412, converting the rotational motion of the transmission rod 412 into axial linear motion, and at the same time providing an installation carrier for the expansion ring 413. The front end of the sealing cone 405 is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 412, and the transmission rod 412 achieves sealing... The rotational power of the plugging cone 405 is transmitted through the threaded engagement with the internal threaded ring 410 to complete the axial displacement conversion, driving the internal threaded ring 410 to complete the sealing action. The front end of the transmission rod 412 is threadedly connected to the inside of the internal threaded ring 410. Multiple sliders 411 are fixedly connected to the outside of the internal threaded ring 410, and the sliders 411 are slidably connected to the inside of the limiting cylinder 409. The sliders 411 realize the sliding engagement between the internal threaded ring 410 and the limiting cylinder 409, restricting the circumferential rotation of the internal threaded ring 410 and ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the axial sliding of the internal threaded ring 410. An expansion ring 413 is provided on the outside of the internal threaded ring 410. The expansion ring 413 realizes the secondary sealing of the water inlet channel. By deforming radially when exposed to water, it gets stuck into the partition groove 414, completely sealing the water inlet channel and preventing water sample backflow and leakage of external water.

[0020] The expansion ring 413 has multiple water inlets on its outer side, which enable communication between the external water body and the interior of the expansion ring 413, providing a triggering condition for the deformation of the expansion ring 413. The inner side of the sample inlet tube 401 is provided with a partition groove 414 that matches the shape of the expansion ring 413 in its maximum deformation state. The partition groove 414 enables the expansion ring 413 to be accurately engaged and positioned after deformation, strengthening the sealing effect of the secondary sealing and completely blocking the water inlet channel.

[0021] Working principle: First, complete the on-site installation and fixation of the device. Insert the ground plate 102 of the ground pile 1 into the soil layer on the bank of the water conservancy project sampling point to make the installation platform 101 stably fixed at the riverbank of the sampling point. Then, wrap the traction rope 104 around the outside of the drive wheel 103 and fix the connector 105 at the end of the traction rope 104 to the sealing head 23 on the top of the sampler 2. At the same time, according to the three different depths of the target sampling, make corresponding depth marks on the traction rope 104 to complete all the preparatory work before sampling.

[0022] Rotate the drive wheel 103 to release the traction rope 104 at a uniform speed, so that the sampler 2 remains vertical and sinks into the target water body under the gravity of the bottom counterweight ring 3. As the descent depth of the sampler 2 increases, the water pressure of the external water body will continuously act on the lower surface of the pressure plug 212 through the opening at the bottom of the trigger housing 211. The water pressure thrust on the pressure plug 212 will increase synchronously with the descent depth. When the water pressure thrust reaches the critical elastic force of the bottom spring in the three-layer spring group 214, the pressure plug 212 will overcome the spring elastic force and push the drive rod 24 to move upward along the central axis of the sampler 2 to produce the first fixed stroke displacement, completing the sampling trigger preparation for the first target depth.

[0023] When the drive rod 24 completes the first upward displacement, the attraction groove 242 on the outer side of the smooth rod body 241 of the drive rod 24 will move precisely to the position corresponding to the magnetic ball 224 in the first sampling box 22. Under the magnetic attraction of the attraction groove 242, the magnetic ball 224 will slide from the locking groove 223 inside the pressure plate 222 towards the drive rod 24, thereby connecting the pressure plate 222 and the drive rod 24. At this time, the drive rod 24 continues to move upward, which will drive the pressure plate 222 to slide vertically upward along the inner side of the sealed box 221, so that the closed space inside the sealed box 221 located below the pressure plate 222 forms a continuously increasing negative pressure.

[0024] The pressure of the external water body will push the sealing cone 405 inside the sampling valve 4 towards the inside of the sampling box 22, so that an annular water inlet gap is formed between the outer cone surface of the sealing cone 405 and the inner cone surface of the sealing ring 402. The external water body enters the interior of the inlet pipe 401 through this water inlet gap. When the water flows through the rotating blade of the rear half of the sealing cone 405, it will drive the sealing cone 405 to rotate around its own axis, and simultaneously drive the transmission rod 412 at the front end of the sealing cone 405 to rotate, and then through the transmission rod 412 The threaded engagement with the internal threaded ring 410 causes the entire sealing cone 405 and the transmission rod 412 to rotate and move towards the inside of the sampling box 22 until the transmission rod 412 and the internal threaded ring 410 are completely separated. At the same time, the water flowing into the sample inlet tube 401 passes through multiple filter membranes arranged circumferentially on the outer ring of the filter ring 403 to filter large particles of impurities in the water. The filtered water continuously enters the negative pressure space of the sealed box 221 through the sample inlet tube 401 to complete the collection of the first layer of water sample at the target depth.

[0025] When the pressure plate 222 of the first sampling box 22 slides to the top limit position of the sealed box 221, the locking post 225 is inserted into the locking groove 223 at the top of the pressure plate 222. At the same time, the attraction groove 242 of the drive rod 24 will move away from the position corresponding to the magnetic ball 224, and the repulsion groove 243 on the drive rod 24 will move to the position corresponding to the magnetic ball 224. Under the magnetic repulsion force of the repulsion groove 243, the magnetic ball 224 slides away from the drive rod 24 and gets stuck in the groove of the locking post 225, thus forming a completely closed independent sample storage space in the sealed box 221. At this time, the pressure difference inside and outside the sealed box 221 disappears, and the water flow thrust in the sample inlet tube 401 disappears simultaneously. Under the elastic force of the return spring 407, the filter ring 403 drives the movable rod 406 to slide to the outside of the sample inlet tube 401, so that the cone surface of the sealing cone 405 is tightly attached to the sealing ring again. The inner conical surface of 402 completes the first-stage sealing of the sample inlet tube 401. As the sealing cone 405 moves forward, it drives the transmission rod 412 to push the internal threaded ring 410 forward until the expansion ring 413 comes into contact with the outside. This allows water from the outside to enter the expansion ring 413, causing the expansion ring 413 on the outside of the internal threaded ring 410 to undergo radial deformation and completely engage with the partition groove 414 on the inside of the sample inlet tube 401, thus completing the second-stage sealing of the sample inlet tube 401 and preventing backflow of the collected water sample. At this time, the depth of the sampler 2 continues to increase, and the water pressure thrust acting on the pressure plug 212 continues to increase. When the thrust reaches the critical elastic force of the middle spring in the three-layer spring group 214, the pressure plug 212 will overcome the elastic force of the spring and push the drive rod 24 upward along the central axis to produce a second fixed stroke displacement, entering the sampling triggering process at the second target depth.

[0026] After the drive rod 24 completes the second upward displacement, it will repeat the above-mentioned process of unlocking the magnetic ball 224, raising the pressure plate 222 to form negative pressure, opening the sampling valve 4 to allow water inlet, filtering the water, locking the pressure plate 222 after sampling, and sealing the sampling valve 4 in two stages, thus completing the water sample collection at the second target depth. As the sampler 2 continues to descend to the deepest target depth, the water pressure thrust acting on the pressure plug 212 reaches the critical elastic force of the top spring in the three-layer spring group 214. The pressure plug 212 overcomes the elastic force of the spring and pushes the drive rod 24 to complete the third fixed stroke upward displacement along the central axis, thus completing the water sample collection at the third deepest target depth. After the three sampling boxes 22 have completed water sample collection at different depths, the pressure plates 222 of all sampling boxes 22 are locked, and all sampling valves 4 have completed two-stage sealing, forming three independent and closed sample storage spaces that are not interconnected.

[0027] The drive wheel 103 is rotated in the opposite direction to wind up the traction rope 104 at a constant speed, which lifts the sampler 2 vertically upward from the water. During the lifting process, the water depth where the sampler 2 is located continuously decreases, and the water pressure thrust acting on the pressure plug 212 continues to decrease. The three-layer spring group 214 will rebound in sequence. However, due to the one-way friction lock between the rough rod head of the drive rod 24 and the sealing head 23, the sampling valve 4 also always maintains a two-stage sealing state, preventing water of different depths from entering the sampling box 22 during the lifting process, until the sampler 2 is completely lifted above the water surface, completing the entire underwater sampling process.

[0028] Place the sampler 2 stably on a flat operating surface. Seal and connect the clean sampling bottle to the sample outlet 5 on the outside of the corresponding sampling box 22. Turn on the on / off switch of the sample outlet 5. Then, drive the drive rod 24 downward along the central axis using an external tool. Align the attraction groove 242 on the drive rod 24 with the magnetic ball 224 inside the corresponding sampling box 22. Release the mechanical lock of the pressure plate 222. Then, drive the drive rod 24 to slide the pressure plate 222 downward along the inside of the sealed box 221. Push the water sample collected in the sealed box 221 smoothly into the sampling bottle through the sample outlet 5 to complete the water sample transfer. After all water samples have been transferred, thoroughly rinse the internal flow channel of the sampling valve 4 and the internal cavity of the sampling box 22 to prepare for the next sampling operation.

Claims

1. A water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects, comprising ground piles (1) for water conservancy projects, characterized in that: The output end of the ground pile (1) is equipped with a sampler (2), and a sampling valve (4) and a sampling head (5) are provided on the outside of the sampler (2). A counterweight ring (3) is also provided on the bottom outside of the sampler (2). The sampling valve (4) includes an inlet tube (401) fixedly disposed outside the sampler (2). Inside the inlet tube (401), from the outside to the inside, there are a sealing ring (402), a filter ring (403), and a fixing ring (404). The sealing ring (402) and the fixing ring (404) are fixedly connected to the inside of the inlet tube (401). The filter ring (403) is slidably connected to the inside of the inlet tube (401). The outer ring of the filter ring (403) is... Multiple filter membranes are arranged circumferentially. A sealing cone (405) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the filter ring (403). A rotating blade is provided on the outer side of the rear half of the sealing cone (405). The outer shape of the sealing cone (405) is adapted to the inner shape of the sealing ring (402). Multiple movable rods (406) are fixedly connected to the rear side of the filter ring (403). A return spring (407) is provided between the end of the movable rod (406) and the fixed ring (404).

2. The water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed frame (408) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the injection tube (401). A limiting cylinder (409) is fixedly connected to the inner end of the fixed frame (408). An internal threaded ring (410) is slidably connected inside the limiting cylinder (409). A transmission rod (412) is fixedly connected to the front end of the sealing cone (405). The front end of the transmission rod (412) is threadedly connected to the inside of the internal threaded ring (410). Multiple sliders (411) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the internal threaded ring (410). The sliders (411) are slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting cylinder (409). An expansion ring (413) is provided on the outer side of the internal threaded ring (410).

3. The water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expansion ring (413) has multiple water inlets on its outer side, and the sample inlet tube (401) has a partition groove (414) on its inner side that matches the shape of the expansion ring (413) in its maximum deformation state.

4. The water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampler (2) includes a trigger (21), which is set at the bottom of the sampler (2). Three sampling boxes (22) are provided on the top of the trigger (21), and a sealing head (23) is provided on the top of the sampling box (22). A drive rod (24) is slidably connected between the trigger (21) and the center of the sampling box (22), and a sealing connection ring (25) is provided between the trigger (21) and the outside of the sampling box (22).

5. The water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The trigger (21) includes a housing (211), a pressure plug (212) is slidably connected inside the housing (211), the bottom of the drive rod (24) is fixedly connected to the top of the pressure plug (212), two partitions (213) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the housing (211), and a three-layer spring group (214) is provided between the housing (211) and the two partitions (213), and the rigidity of the three springs in the three-layer spring group (214) increases sequentially from the bottom to the top.

6. The water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sampling box (22) includes a sealed box body (221), a pressure plate (222) is slidably connected between the sealed box body (221) and the drive rod (24), a locking groove (223) is provided inside the pressure plate (222), a magnetic ball (224) is slidably connected inside the pressure plate (222) and the magnetic ball (224) slides inside the locking groove (223), a locking post (225) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the top of the sealed box body (221), and the shape of the locking post (225) is adapted to the shape of the locking groove (223), and a slot adapted to the shape of the magnetic ball (224) is provided on the outer side of the locking post (225).

7. A water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drive rod (24) includes a smooth rod body (241). A set of attraction grooves (242) are provided on the outer side of the smooth rod body (241), and a set of repulsion grooves (243) are also provided on the outer side of the smooth rod body (241). The orientation of the attraction grooves (242) and the repulsion grooves (243) corresponds to the orientation of the magnetic ball (224). The magnetism of the magnetic ball (224) attracts the attraction grooves (242), and the magnetism of the magnetic ball (224) repels the repulsion grooves (243). The magnetism of the magnetic ball (224) attracts the slots, and the magnetism of the slots is less than that of the attraction grooves (242).

8. The water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drive rod (24) also includes a roughened rod head. The roughened outer surface of the roughened rod head and the roughened inner surface of the sealing head (23) form a one-way friction structure. When the roughened rod head moves downward, the friction increases, thereby preventing the drive rod (24) from automatically sliding down when the sampler (2) retracts upward.

9. A water pollution detection and sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground stake (1) includes an installation platform (101), a grounding plate (102) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the installation platform (101), a drive wheel (103) is rotatably connected to the top of the installation platform (101), a traction rope (104) is provided on the outer side of the drive wheel (103), and a connector (105) is fixedly connected to the other end of the traction rope (104), and the connector (105) is fixed to the top of the sampler (2).

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