Fractured leakage risk prediction method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a fractured leakage risk prediction method and device, and the method comprises the steps: determining a formation profile map of a to-be-drilled well based on the formation profile data of the to-be-drilled well; according to the well leakage data of the comparison well, the historical leakage position of the to-be-drilled well in the corresponding horizon in the stratigraphic profile map is determined; identifying the cracks of the comparison well through the crack identification parameters and the historical leakage positions, and determining the positions of leakage weak layers of different layers; through a preset quantized value calculation rule, determining a risk quantized value of a leakage risk layer of the to-be-drilled well based on the positions of the leakage weak layers of the different layers of the comparison well; and determining the leakage risk level and the corresponding risk level of the to-be-drilled well based on the risk quantized value of the leakage risk layer of the to-be-drilled well through a preset judgment rule. According to the method, potential well leakage risk prediction of the to-be-drilled well at the continuous depth can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of drilling engineering technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for predicting the risk of fractured leakage. Background Technology

[0002] Loss in wells refers to a common and persistent downhole problem in which various working fluids, such as drilling fluid, cement slurry, and completion fluid, directly enter the formation under differential pressure during downhole operations such as drilling, cementing, testing, or workover. Fracture-related loss is the most common type of loss in wells. Loss in wells not only increases drilling costs but also affects the progress of safe and rapid drilling.

[0003] Currently, well leakage risk prediction is an important research direction in oil drilling engineering. Early prediction of fractured leakage is mostly based on the perspective of hydrocarbon accumulation, focusing on buried hills and unconventional reservoirs, lacking a focus on formation-based fractured leakage prediction. Early prediction based on formation is mostly based on formation-related parameters.

[0004] However, in practical applications, obtaining some parameters at continuous vertical depths is difficult, and incomplete parameters are common, making it unsuitable for pre-drilling prediction at continuous depths of the well to be drilled. Therefore, how to provide a method for predicting potential well leakage risk at continuous depths of the well to be drilled before drilling has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a method and apparatus for predicting fractured leakage risk, which aims to predict potential well leakage risk at continuous depths of the well to be drilled.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for predicting the risk of crack-like leakage, the method comprising:

[0007] Based on the formation profile data of the well to be drilled, the formation profile map of the well to be drilled is determined;

[0008] Based on the well leakage data of the comparison well, determine the historical leakage location of the corresponding layer in the formation profile of the well to be drilled;

[0009] Fractures in the comparison wells are identified using fracture identification parameters and the historical leakage locations, thus determining the locations of weak leakage layers at different strata.

[0010] By using preset quantitative value calculation rules, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled is determined based on the location of the weak leakage layer in different layers of the comparison well.

[0011] By using preset discrimination rules, the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled are determined based on the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a crack-related leakage risk prediction device, the device comprising:

[0013] The formation profile determination module is used to determine the formation profile of the well to be drilled based on the formation profile data of the well to be drilled.

[0014] The historical leakage location determination module is used to determine the historical leakage location of the well to be drilled in the formation profile map of the corresponding layer based on the well leakage data of the comparison well.

[0015] The leakage weak layer location determination module is used to identify fractures in the comparison well by using fracture identification parameters and the historical leakage locations, and to determine the location of leakage weak layers in different layers.

[0016] The risk quantification value determination module is used to determine the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled based on the location of the leakage weak layer in different layers of the comparison well, by using preset quantification value calculation rules.

[0017] The risk level determination module is used to determine the leakage risk level and corresponding risk level of the well to be drilled based on the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled by using preset discrimination rules.

[0018] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a crack-related leakage risk prediction device, the device comprising:

[0019] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0020] A processor is configured to execute the computer program to cause the device to perform the crack-related leakage risk prediction method described in the first aspect above.

[0021] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is run, a device running the computer program implements the crack-related leakage risk prediction method described in the first aspect above.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This application provides a method for predicting fracture leakage risk. The method includes: determining a formation profile of the well to be drilled based on formation profile data, thereby enabling fracture leakage risk prediction based on the determined formation profile. Then, based on the well leakage data of a comparison well, the historical leakage location of the corresponding layer in the formation profile of the well to be drilled can be determined. The historical leakage location determined based on the well leakage data of the comparison well can provide historical data reference for fracture leakage risk prediction. Fractures in the comparison well are identified using fracture identification parameters and historical leakage locations, thereby determining the location of leakage weak layers in different layers. Then, based on a preset quantification value calculation rule and the location of leakage weak layers in different layers of the comparison well, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled can be determined. Therefore, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer can be used to measure whether the well to be drilled has leakage risk at continuous depths. Finally, by using preset discrimination rules, based on the risk quantification value of the determined leakage risk layer, the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled can be determined. That is, when the risk quantification value of the determined leakage risk layer meets the preset discrimination rules, the level of the layer where the well to be drilled may have fracture leakage risk at continuous depth and the risk grade of the fracture leakage risk can be determined. Thus, the above method can determine the location of the leakage weak layer of the comparison well at different layers based on the leakage data and fracture identification parameters of the comparison well that are easily determined at continuous depth. Furthermore, by using preset quantification value calculation rules, based on the location of the leakage weak layer of the comparison well at different layers, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled can be determined. Thus, based on the risk quantification value, the leakage risk level and risk grade of the well to be drilled at continuous depth can be determined by the preset discrimination rules. Based on relevant data that are relatively easy to obtain at continuous depth, the potential leakage risk prediction at continuous depth of the well to be drilled can be achieved before drilling. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this embodiment or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiment or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a crack-related leakage risk prediction method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for predicting the risk of crack-like leakage provided in this application embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the formation profile of the well to be drilled provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of fracture layers corresponding to different fracture identification parameters in various comparison wells provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the location of the weak leakage layer on the comparison well mapped to the location on the well to be drilled, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled, determined based on different fracture identification parameters, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 7 A quantification diagram of the relative risk quantification values ​​of leakage risk layers at continuous depths for different fracture identification parameters in a well to be drilled, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a loss risk prediction map before drilling provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 9 A comparison chart of pre-drilling risk prediction and actual drilling for well M1-16H provided in this application embodiment;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a crack leakage risk prediction device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] Currently, most early predictions of fractured leakage focus on hydrocarbon accumulation, using buried hills and unconventional reservoirs as research subjects. However, from a drilling engineering risk perspective, studies on fractured leakage using formation as the research subject are scarce. Since formation is an objective factor influencing well leakage, the lack of formation-based fractured leakage prediction makes it difficult to effectively predict well leakage risk. Early predictions using formation as the research subject are mostly based on formation-related parameters such as regional location, formation characteristics, fracture characteristics, seismic reflection, and stress distribution. However, in practical applications, some parameters are often difficult to obtain, such as fracture characteristics, seismic reflection, and stress distribution. Especially for non-target formations in drilling, there is limited data on relevant formation parameters, and these non-target formations are sometimes also formations with severe leakage. Because the above methods only involve prediction at a certain depth point in practical applications, obtaining parameters for continuous vertical depths is difficult, easily leading to incomplete parameter situations, making them unsuitable for pre-drilling prediction at continuous depths of the well to be drilled.

[0037] Alternatively, among other well leakage prediction methods, one relies primarily on expert experience, requiring operators to carefully observe and understand the changing trends of various engineering parameters and rely on extensive experience to predict well leakage. This manual prediction method places high demands on operators and makes it difficult to ensure the accuracy of well leakage prediction. Another method involves monitoring abnormal changes in various well leakage information to achieve early detection and warning of abnormal well leakage situations, but it cannot predict the potential well leakage risk of the entire well section to be drilled before drilling. Therefore, how to provide a method that can predict the potential well leakage risk at continuous depths of the well to be drilled before drilling has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0038] Therefore, to address the aforementioned issues, in this embodiment of the application, a formation profile map of the well to be drilled is determined based on the formation profile data of the well to be drilled, thereby enabling fracture leakage risk prediction based on the determined formation profile map. Then, based on the well leakage data of the comparison well, the historical leakage location of the corresponding layer in the formation profile map of the well to be drilled can be determined. The historical leakage location determined based on the well leakage data of the comparison well can provide historical data reference for fracture leakage risk prediction. By identifying fractures in the comparison well using fracture identification parameters and historical leakage locations, the locations of leakage weak layers in different layers can be determined. Then, based on the locations of leakage weak layers in different layers of the comparison well using preset quantification value calculation rules, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled can be determined, thereby enabling the assessment of whether the well to be drilled has leakage risk at continuous depths based on the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer. Finally, by using preset discrimination rules, based on the risk quantification value of the determined leakage risk layer, the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled can be determined. That is, when the risk quantification value of the determined leakage risk layer meets the preset discrimination rules, the level of the layer where the well to be drilled may have fracture leakage risk at continuous depth and the risk grade of the fracture leakage risk can be determined. Thus, the above method can determine the location of the leakage weak layer of the comparison well at different layers based on the leakage data and fracture identification parameters of the comparison well that are easily determined at continuous depth. Furthermore, by using preset quantification value calculation rules, based on the location of the leakage weak layer of the comparison well at different layers, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled can be determined. Thus, based on the risk quantification value, the leakage risk level and risk grade of the well to be drilled at continuous depth can be determined by the preset discrimination rules. Based on relevant data that are relatively easy to obtain at continuous depth, the potential leakage risk prediction at continuous depth of the well to be drilled can be achieved before drilling.

[0039] For example, one scenario in the embodiments of this application can be applied to, such as Figure 1 The scenario shown includes a database 101 and a terminal device 102. The database 101 includes formation profile data of the well to be drilled. The terminal device 102 uses the implementation method provided in this application to obtain the formation profile data of the well to be drilled from the database 101, so as to perform subsequent fracture leakage risk prediction based on the formation profile data of the well to be drilled.

[0040] First, in the above application scenarios, although the action descriptions of the implementation methods provided in this application are executed by the terminal device 102, the implementation methods of this application are not limited in terms of the execution subject, as long as the actions disclosed in the implementation methods provided in this application are executed.

[0041] Secondly, the above scenario is only one example provided by the embodiments of this application, and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this scenario.

[0042] The following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, describes in detail the specific implementation of the crack leakage risk prediction method and apparatus in the embodiments of this application.

[0043] See Figure 2 The figure is a flowchart of a crack-related leakage risk prediction method provided in an embodiment of this application, combined with... Figure 2 As shown, it can specifically include:

[0044] S201: Based on the formation profile data of the well to be drilled, determine the formation profile map of the well to be drilled.

[0045] Formation profile data for wells to be drilled refers to the relevant data involved in determining the formation profile of the well to be drilled.

[0046] In one possible implementation, stratigraphic data and wellbore trajectory data for the reference well can be determined based on geological and engineering design information. The stratigraphic data for the reference well can include stratigraphic stratification, and the stratigraphic stratification of the well to be drilled can also be determined based on geological and engineering design information. Stratigraphic stratification refers to classifying the rock strata that make up the Earth's crust into different types of strata based on their objectively existing characteristics or properties. Wellbore trajectory data refers to the spatial curve formed during the drilling process. Reference wells are wells that have already been drilled and are relatively close to the well to be drilled. This application does not specifically limit the number of reference wells. Generally, if there is only one well near the well to be drilled, that well is used as a reference well; if there are multiple wells near the well to be drilled, the well closer to the well to be drilled is selected as the reference well. Generally, the number of reference wells does not exceed four.

[0047] Then, the predicted profile of the well to be drilled can be determined based on the formation data of the comparison well, such as the formation stratification and wellbore trajectory data of the comparison well. That is, the predicted profile can be determined based on the formation stratification and wellbore trajectory data of the comparison well, and thus the predicted profile can be used as the predicted profile of the well to be drilled.

[0048] Once the predicted profile of the well to be drilled is determined, a formation profile map of the well can be drawn based on the predicted profile and formation profile data, such as formation stratification, natural gamma-ray log (GR) curves, formation depth, and formation lithology. The formation profile map of the well to be drilled can be referenced... Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the formation profile of the well to be drilled, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0049] S202: Based on the well leakage data of the comparison well, determine the historical leakage location of the corresponding layer in the formation profile of the well to be drilled.

[0050] Well leakage data from comparative wells refers to the data related to well leakage in comparative wells. For example, well leakage data may include the formation strata where leakage occurred, i.e., which layer in the comparative well experienced leakage. Historical leakage location refers to the strata where leakage actually occurred during the historical process of the comparative well.

[0051] In one possible implementation, well leakage data from the comparison well can first be obtained, including the location of the leakage layer where leakage occurred. Then, the comparison well and the well to be drilled can be compared based on different formations. The location of the leakage layer in the comparison well during actual drilling is mapped to the corresponding formation of the well to be drilled, that is, the location of the leakage layer in the comparison well is mapped to the same formation of the well to be drilled, thereby determining the historical leakage location of the well to be drilled at the corresponding formation in the formation profile.

[0052] S203: Identify fractures in the comparison wells by using fracture identification parameters and historical leakage locations to determine the location of weak leakage layers in different strata.

[0053] Fracture identification parameters are used to determine the location of the weak leakage layer in the comparison well. The weak leakage layer indicates the location where well leakage may occur relative to the upper and lower formations. For example, fracture identification parameters may include work intersection values, fracture coefficients, and abnormal compaction identification parameters. This application does not specifically limit the fracture identification parameters.

[0054] Among them, the work done by the drill bit during drilling refers to the value of the work done by the drill bit during the drilling process, which can be obtained through formula 1 and formula 2.

[0055] Equation 2 determines the value of the work intersection.

[0056]

[0057] Among them, W in Formula 1 and Formula 2 above H For the drill bit to do vertical work, W L D does work tangentially to the drill bit b α is the drill bit diameter, in millimeters (mm); P is the logging monitoring drill pressure value, in kilonewtons (kN); α k The bottom inclination angle is expressed in degrees (°), μ. well Here, μ is the friction coefficient of the wellbore, N is the surface rotation speed (r / min), and μ is the friction coefficient of the wellbore. bit Let v be the sliding friction coefficient specific to the drill bit, and v be the drilling speed, measured in meters per hour (m / h). The work convergence value can be determined using formulas 1 and 2. Then, a work convergence curve can be plotted based on the calculated work convergence value using the work convergence curve morphology method.

[0058]

[0059] Where Tg is the total gas volume (%), ROP is the drilling time (min / m), RPM is the rotational speed (r / min), WOB is the drilling pressure (tons / t), and D is the drill bit diameter (meters / m). Thus, the fracture coefficient can be determined using Formula 3.

[0060] Abnormal compaction identification parameters are used to accurately determine the compaction state of formations or soil to assess their stability and safety. The DC index, a comprehensive logging tool engineering parameter, can be used as an abnormal compaction identification parameter. The DC index is a comprehensive indicator that reflects the drillability of a formation.

[0061] Based on the calculation method of the fracture identification parameters described above, fractures in the comparison wells are identified. This allows for the determination of the fracture layers corresponding to different fracture identification parameters in each comparison well. Specifically, the work intersection value, fracture coefficient, and abnormal compaction identification parameters can be determined using the aforementioned formulas. (Refer to...) Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of fracture layers corresponding to different fracture identification parameters in various comparison wells provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 The red horizontal line between correlation well 1 and correlation well 2 is the stratigraphic correlation line, and the area between the two lines represents the same stratigraphic level in different correlation wells.

[0062] Then, based on the fracture layers corresponding to different fracture identification parameters and historical leakage locations in each comparison well, the location of the leakage weak layer at different strata can be determined.

[0063] For example, locations where the cross-sectional area of ​​the fracture curve shows a negative anomaly can be identified as weak leakage layers. Similarly, locations where the fracture coefficient is higher than the values ​​of the adjacent strata above and below, or where the coefficient is abnormally high, can also be identified as weak leakage layers. Furthermore, locations where the DC value suddenly decreases can be identified as weak leakage layers. Additionally, historical leakage locations can be directly used as weak leakage layer locations. Therefore, using these methods, based on each different fracture identification parameter, the locations of weak leakage layers at different strata can be determined.

[0064] S204: Based on the location of the weak leakage layer in different layers of the comparison well, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled is determined by the preset quantification value calculation rules.

[0065] In one possible implementation, firstly, each reference well is compared with the well to be drilled based on different stratigraphic levels. The locations of the weak leakage layers in each reference well at different stratigraphic levels are mapped to the corresponding stratigraphic levels of the well to be drilled. This allows the location of the weak leakage layers in each reference well, determined based on the same fracture identification parameters, to be determined on the well to be drilled. The location of these weak leakage layers on the well to be drilled can be referenced... Figure 5 , Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the mapping of the location of the weak, lost-circuit layer on the comparison well to its location on the well to be drilled, for example, in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 The right-hand image shows the location of the weak leakage layer in well 1, determined based on different fracture identification parameters. Figure 5 The left-hand figure shows the mapping of the location of the weak leakage layer determined by different fracture identification parameters in well 1 to the corresponding location of the well to be drilled in the same layer.

[0066] Then, the location of the weak leakage layer determined by each comparison well based on the same fracture identification parameters can be used as the basis for identifying the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled. That is, by using the preset quantification value calculation rules, based on the location of the weak leakage layer determined by each comparison well based on the same fracture identification parameters, the location of the potential risk leakage layer of the well to be drilled and the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer can be determined.

[0067] The preset quantification value calculation rule is used to calculate the quantification value corresponding to the leakage risk layer in each parameter, that is, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer. For example, the preset quantification value calculation rule can be: Risk quantification value of leakage risk layer at continuous depth = ∑ i n (100 / Number of Comparison Wells), where i = 1…n, n <= Number of Comparison Wells. The parameters used to determine the location of the weak leakage layer include the work convergence value, fracture coefficient, abnormal compaction identification parameters, and historical leakage locations. Therefore, the identification parameters involved in determining the leakage risk layer are also the above four identification parameters. Before determining the risk quantification value based on the preset quantification value calculation rules, values ​​can be assigned to the weak leakage layers determined by different fracture identification parameters in the comparison wells. For example, the parameter value of the weak leakage layer determined by each fracture identification parameter = 100 / Number of Comparison Wells. For instance, if there are 4 comparison wells, and the parameter value of the weak leakage layer determined by the work convergence value in each comparison well is 25, then this parameter value can be substituted into the preset quantification value calculation rules for calculation. That is, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer is the sum of the parameter values ​​of the weak leakage layers at the same depth and at the same stratigraphic level in the 4 comparison wells.

[0068] Meanwhile, the location of the leakage risk layer is determined based on the location of the weak leakage layer at the same stratigraphic level in different correlation wells; that is, the location of the leakage risk layer can be the same as the location of the weak leakage layer at the same stratigraphic level in the correlation wells. (See reference...) Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled, determined based on different fracture identification parameters, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 This includes parameter values ​​of the leakage weak layer and risk quantification values ​​of the leakage risk layer, determined based on different crack identification parameters.

[0069] S205: By using preset discrimination rules, the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled are determined based on the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the relative risk quantification value of the lost circulation risk layer in the well to be drilled can be calculated based on the risk quantification value of the lost circulation risk layer, using a preset method for calculating the relative risk quantification value. The preset relative risk quantification value is used to calculate the relative risk quantification value of the lost circulation risk layer in the well to be drilled. The calculation method for the preset relative risk quantification value can be: Risk Relative Quantification Value LC = (100 / Number of Fracture Identification Parameters) * (Risk Quantification Value of Loss Circulation Risk Layer / 100). Therefore, by substituting the risk quantification value of the lost circulation risk layer in the well to be drilled into the calculation formula of the preset relative risk quantification value, each parameter in the risk-free section (i.e., the location of the non-lost circulation risk layer) can be assigned a value of 1, thus obtaining the relative risk quantification value of the lost circulation risk layer at continuous depth for different fracture identification parameters in the well to be drilled. In addition, a corresponding quantification map can be drawn based on the relative risk quantification value, which can be referred to... Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a quantification map showing the relative risk quantification values ​​of different fracture identification parameters in a well to be drilled at continuous depths, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 The curve corresponding to each crack identification parameter is a curve drawn based on the relative risk quantification value, which is used to represent the relative risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer at a continuous depth for different crack identification parameters.

[0071] Then, the relative quantification values ​​of the leakage risk layers of different fracture identification parameters in the well to be drilled can be added together to determine the relative quantification value of the leakage risk layer and LCI of the well to be drilled.

[0072] Subsequently, based on the aforementioned determined relative risk quantification values, the comprehensive leakage risk index of the well to be drilled can be determined using a preset comprehensive leakage risk index calculation method. The comprehensive leakage risk index of the well to be drilled is used to determine the levels and risk grades of fractured leakage that may occur at continuous depths in the final well to be drilled. The preset comprehensive leakage risk index calculation method is used to determine the final comprehensive index for measuring fractured leakage, i.e., to determine the comprehensive leakage risk index of the well to be drilled.

[0073] The calculation method for the preset leakage risk comprehensive index can be referred to Formula 4.

[0074]

[0075] The above LC n is the comprehensive index of leakage risk for the well to be drilled, and n is the number of fracture identification parameters.

[0076] Therefore, the comprehensive index of leakage risk at continuous depths of the well to be drilled can be calculated using the above formula.

[0077] Finally, based on the comprehensive leakage risk index determined above, the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled can be determined by using preset discrimination rules. The preset discrimination rules are used to identify the layers in the well where fracture-induced leakage may occur and their corresponding risk grades. For example, the preset discrimination rules can be found in Table 1.

[0078] Table 1: Preset Judgment Rules Table

[0079]

[0080] As shown in the table above, if the comprehensive index of the leakage risk of the well to be drilled is greater than or equal to 60 and conforms to the characteristics of a high-risk curve, then the location of the curve conforming to these characteristics can be determined as the leakage risk level of the well to be drilled, and the risk level of this leakage risk level is high-risk. If the comprehensive index of the leakage risk of the well to be drilled is between 40 and 60 and conforms to the characteristics of a medium-risk curve, then the location of the curve conforming to these characteristics can be determined as the leakage risk level of the well to be drilled, and the risk level of this leakage risk level is medium-risk. If the comprehensive index of the leakage risk of the well to be drilled is less than 40 and conforms to the characteristics of a low-risk curve, then the location of the curve conforming to these characteristics can be determined as the leakage risk level of the well to be drilled, and the risk level of this leakage risk level is low-risk. (Refer to...) Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the leakage risk prediction map before drilling provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0081] In addition, this application also provides an application example of the fracture leakage risk prediction method. For example, well M1-16H is located in the Malubei structure of the Tongnanba structural belt in northeastern Sichuan. This structural anticline belt has strong structural deformation and well-developed faults. Well leakage in the continental ZLJ-XYD formation is common. According to the principle of proximity within the same zone and stratum, wells M1-11 and M102 were selected as comparison wells during the pre-drilling prediction of this well.

[0082] According to the above-mentioned method for predicting fracture leakage risk, the formation profile of well M1-16H can be established first, and a well-connected profile between the well to be drilled and the reference well can be established. Based on the leakage data of the reference well, the location of leakage in the reference wells M1-11 and M102 can be mapped to the same layer of well M1-16H through formation comparison.

[0083] Then, by using fracture identification parameters and historical leakage locations, potential fracture locations at continuous depths can be identified in wells M1-11 and M102, respectively, to determine the locations of weak leakage layers at different strata. Based on different strata, the locations of weak leakage layers at different strata in each comparison well are mapped to the corresponding strata in the well to be drilled, thereby determining the location of the weak leakage layers determined by each comparison well based on the same fracture identification parameters on the well to be drilled.

[0084] Subsequently, the risk quantification value corresponding to the leakage risk layer in each parameter at a continuous depth can be calculated using preset quantification value calculation rules, and the location of the leakage risk layer in each parameter can also be determined. Then, according to the preset calculation method of relative risk quantification value, the relative risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer in different fracture identification parameters in the well to be drilled can be determined, and the final comprehensive leakage risk index can be calculated based on the relative risk quantification value.

[0085] Finally, based on the preset discrimination rules, the leakage risk level and its risk grade of well M1-16H at continuous depths can be determined, which can be referred to... Figure 9 , Figure 9 A comparison chart showing the pre-drilling risk prediction and actual drilling results for well M1-16H, provided as an embodiment of this application. (See attached image.) Figure 9 It can be seen that, when compared with the actual drilling situation, no well leakage occurred in the low-risk layer, but well leakage occurred in the medium-risk layer. The well leakage prediction has a high degree of consistency with the actual drilling situation.

[0086] The above describes a fracture leakage risk prediction method provided in this application. The method includes: determining a formation profile of the well to be drilled based on formation profile data, thereby enabling fracture leakage risk prediction based on the determined formation profile. Then, based on the well leakage data of a comparison well, the historical leakage location of the corresponding layer in the formation profile of the well to be drilled can be determined. The historical leakage location determined based on the well leakage data of the comparison well can provide historical data for fracture leakage risk prediction. By identifying fractures in the comparison well using fracture identification parameters and historical leakage locations, the locations of leakage weak layers in different layers can be determined. Then, based on preset quantification value calculation rules and the locations of leakage weak layers in different layers of the comparison well, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled can be determined. Therefore, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer can be used to measure whether the well to be drilled has leakage risk at continuous depths. Finally, by using preset discrimination rules, based on the risk quantification value of the identified leakage risk layer, the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled can be determined. That is, when the risk quantification value of the identified leakage risk layer meets the preset discrimination rules, the level of potential fracture leakage risk and the risk grade of such fracture leakage risk at continuous depths can be determined. Thus, using the above method, based on easily identifiable well leakage data and fracture identification parameters from comparison wells at continuous depths, the location of weak leakage layers in different formations of the comparison well can be determined. Furthermore, by using preset quantification value calculation rules, based on the location of weak leakage layers in different formations of the comparison well, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled can be determined. Based on this risk quantification value, the leakage risk level and risk grade of the well to be drilled at continuous depths can be determined using preset discrimination rules. Based on readily available data at continuous depths, potential well leakage risk prediction at continuous depths of the well to be drilled is achieved before drilling, providing an effective basis for developing well leakage prevention measures in advance.

[0087] The above are some specific implementations of the crack leakage risk prediction method provided in the embodiments of this application. Based on this, this application also provides a corresponding device. The device provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below from the perspective of functional modularity.

[0088] See Figure 10 The figure is a schematic diagram of a crack leakage risk prediction device 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. The device 1000 may include:

[0089] The formation profile determination module 1001 is used to determine the formation profile of the well to be drilled based on the formation profile data of the well to be drilled.

[0090] The historical leakage location determination module 1002 is used to determine the historical leakage location of the well to be drilled in the formation profile map of the corresponding layer based on the well leakage data of the comparison well.

[0091] The leakage weak layer location determination module 1003 is used to identify the fractures in the comparison well by using fracture identification parameters and the historical leakage locations, and to determine the location of the leakage weak layer at different levels.

[0092] The risk quantification value determination module 1004 is used to determine the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled based on the location of the leakage weak layer in different layers of the comparison well, by using a preset quantification value calculation rule.

[0093] The risk level determination module 1005 is used to determine the leakage risk level and corresponding risk level of the well to be drilled based on the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled by using preset discrimination rules.

[0094] Optionally, the historical omission location determination module 1002 includes:

[0095] The acquisition unit is used to acquire well leakage data of the comparison well; the well leakage data includes the location of the leakage layer;

[0096] The first comparison unit is used to compare the comparison well and the well to be drilled in a series according to different strata, map the leakage location of the comparison well to the corresponding stratum of the well to be drilled, and determine the historical leakage location of the well to be drilled in the corresponding stratum on the formation profile.

[0097] Optionally, the leakage weak layer location determination module 1003 includes:

[0098] The identification unit is used to identify the fractures in the comparison wells according to the calculation method of the fracture identification parameters, and to determine the fracture layers corresponding to different fracture identification parameters in each comparison well.

[0099] The first determining unit is used to determine the location of the weak leakage layer at different strata based on the fracture layers corresponding to different fracture identification parameters in each comparison well and the historical leakage location.

[0100] Optionally, the risk quantification value determination module 1004 includes:

[0101] The second comparison unit is used to compare each comparison well with the well to be drilled according to different layers, map the location of the weak leakage layer of each comparison well at different layers to the corresponding layer of the well to be drilled, and determine the location of the weak leakage layer of each comparison well based on the same fracture identification parameters on the well to be drilled.

[0102] The second determining unit is used to determine the leakage risk layer and the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled based on the location of the weak leakage layer determined by each comparison well based on the same fracture identification parameters, using a preset quantification value calculation rule.

[0103] Optionally, the risk level determination module 1005 includes:

[0104] The third determining unit is used to determine the relative risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled for different fracture identification parameters by using a preset method for calculating the relative risk quantification value.

[0105] The fourth determining unit is used to determine the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled based on the relative quantification value of the leakage risk layer of different fracture identification parameters in the well to be drilled, by means of a preset discrimination rule.

[0106] Optionally, the fourth determining unit includes:

[0107] The summation unit is used to add the relative risk quantification values ​​of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled for different fracture identification parameters, and to determine the sum of the relative risk quantification values ​​of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled.

[0108] The fifth determining unit is used to determine the comprehensive leakage risk index of the well to be drilled based on the relative quantitative value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled by using a preset comprehensive leakage risk index calculation method.

[0109] The sixth determining unit is used to determine the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled based on the comprehensive leakage risk index of the well to be drilled by using preset discrimination rules.

[0110] Optionally, the stratigraphic profile determination module 1001 includes:

[0111] The seventh determination unit is used to determine the formation data and wellbore trajectory data of the comparison well based on geological and engineering design information;

[0112] The eighth determining unit is used to determine the predicted profile of the well to be drilled based on the formation data of the comparison well and the wellbore trajectory data.

[0113] The ninth determining unit is used to determine the formation profile of the well to be drilled based on the predicted profile of the well to be drilled and the formation profile data of the well to be drilled.

[0114] This application also provides corresponding devices and computer storage media for implementing the solutions provided in this application.

[0115] The device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to enable the device to perform the crack leakage risk prediction method according to any embodiment of this application.

[0116] The computer storage medium stores a computer program. When the code is run, the device running the computer program implements the crack leakage risk prediction method described in any embodiment of this application.

[0117] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" (if they exist) are used only as name identifiers and do not represent the order of first and second.

[0118] As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus a general-purpose hardware platform. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as a read-only memory (ROM) / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a router) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this application.

[0119] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method embodiments. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components indicated as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment solution according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0120] The above description is merely one specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the risk of crack-induced leakage, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the formation profile data of the well to be drilled, the formation profile map of the well to be drilled is determined; Based on the well leakage data of the comparison well, determine the historical leakage location of the corresponding layer in the formation profile of the well to be drilled; Fractures in the comparison wells are identified using fracture identification parameters and the historical leakage locations, thus determining the locations of weak leakage layers at different strata. By using preset quantitative value calculation rules, the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled is determined based on the location of the weak leakage layer in different layers of the comparison well. By using preset discrimination rules, the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled are determined based on the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the historical leakage location of the well to be drilled in the formation profile map corresponding to the corresponding stratum based on the well leakage data of the comparison wells includes: Obtain well leakage data from the comparison well; the well leakage data includes the location of the leakage layer; Based on different stratigraphic levels, the reference well and the well to be drilled are compared and connected. The location of the leakage layer of the reference well is mapped to the corresponding stratigraphic level of the well to be drilled, and the historical leakage location of the well to be drilled in the corresponding stratigraphic level on the formation profile is determined.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of identifying fractures in the comparison well using fracture identification parameters and historical leakage locations to determine the locations of weak leakage layers at different strata includes: The fractures in the comparison wells are identified according to the calculation method of the fracture identification parameters, and the fracture layers corresponding to different fracture identification parameters in each comparison well are determined. Based on the fracture layers corresponding to different fracture identification parameters in each comparison well and the historical leakage locations, the locations of the weak leakage layers at different strata are determined for the fracture layers corresponding to different fracture identification parameters in each comparison well.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled based on the location of the weak leakage layer at different levels of the comparison well, through a preset quantification value calculation rule, includes: Based on different stratigraphic levels, each comparison well is compared with the well to be drilled. The location of the weak leakage layer in each comparison well at different stratigraphic levels is mapped to the corresponding stratigraphic level of the well to be drilled. The location of the weak leakage layer in each comparison well based on the same fracture identification parameters is determined on the well to be drilled. By using preset quantification calculation rules, based on the location of the weak leakage layer determined by each comparison well based on the same fracture identification parameters, and the location on the well to be drilled, the leakage risk layer and the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer are determined.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled based on the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled by using preset discrimination rules includes: By using a preset method for calculating relative risk quantification values, the relative risk quantification values ​​of the leakage risk layers in the well to be drilled are determined based on the risk quantification values ​​of the leakage risk layers with different fracture identification parameters in the well to be drilled. By using preset discrimination rules, the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled are determined based on the relative quantification value of the leakage risk layer of different fracture identification parameters in the well to be drilled.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of determining the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled based on the relative quantification value of the leakage risk layer of different fracture identification parameters in the well to be drilled by using preset discrimination rules includes: The relative quantified risk values ​​of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled are added together to determine the sum of the relative quantified risk values ​​of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled. By using a preset method for calculating the comprehensive leakage risk index, the comprehensive leakage risk index of the well to be drilled is determined based on the relative quantitative value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled. By using preset discrimination rules, the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled are determined based on the comprehensive index of leakage risk.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the formation profile of the well to be drilled based on the formation profile data includes: Based on geological and engineering design information, the formation data and wellbore trajectory data of the comparison wells were determined; Based on the formation data of the comparison well and the wellbore trajectory data, the predicted profile of the well to be drilled is determined; Based on the predicted profile of the well to be drilled and the formation profile data of the well to be drilled, the formation profile map of the well to be drilled is determined.

8. A device for predicting the risk of crack-induced leakage, characterized in that, The device includes: The formation profile determination module is used to determine the formation profile of the well to be drilled based on the formation profile data of the well to be drilled. The historical leakage location determination module is used to determine the historical leakage location of the well to be drilled in the formation profile map of the corresponding layer based on the well leakage data of the comparison well. The module for determining the location of the weak leakage layer is used to identify the fractures in the comparison well by using fracture identification parameters and the historical leakage locations, and to determine the location of the weak leakage layer at different levels. The risk quantification value determination module is used to determine the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled based on the location of the leakage weak layer in different layers of the comparison well, by using preset quantification value calculation rules. The risk level determination module is used to determine the leakage risk level and corresponding risk grade of the well to be drilled based on the risk quantification value of the leakage risk layer of the well to be drilled by using preset discrimination rules.

9. A device for predicting the risk of crack-induced leakage, characterized in that, The device includes: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor for executing the computer program to cause the device to perform the crack leakage risk prediction method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the crack leakage risk prediction method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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