Crop seed cultivation device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seed cultivation, in particular to a crop seed cultivation device which comprises supporting legs and a cultivation box, the tops of the multiple supporting legs are jointly and fixedly connected with the cultivation box, symmetrical openable observation windows are installed on one side of the cultivation box, first handles are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the observation windows, and a water inlet is formed in the top of the cultivation box. By arranging the bearing seat ascending and descending along with the water level and the gravity sensing structure matched with the piston plate, the corrugated pipe and the water absorption rod, the extension length of the water absorption rod can be automatically adjusted according to the weight change in the seedling growth process, the better the seedling growth is, the larger the weight is, the longer the water absorption rod extends, and the deeper the water absorption is; by means of the design, the water requirements of seedlings in different growth stages are met, personalized water can be provided according to different types or individual growth differences, and the growth potential of superior individuals is fully exerted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seed cultivation technology, and more particularly to a crop seed cultivation device. Background Technology

[0002] Crop seed cultivation devices are specialized equipment used in modern agriculture to simulate and optimize the germination and seedling growth environment. Their core purpose is to provide stable and controllable temperature, humidity, light, and nutrient conditions for seeds to maximize germination rates, promote healthy seedling growth, and shorten the seedling cycle, laying a solid foundation for subsequent transplanting and high yields. Through integrated design, this device combines sowing, water supply, ventilation, and temperature control functions into one unit, aiming to standardize and streamline the seedling cultivation process.

[0003] However, existing crop seed cultivation devices still have significant shortcomings in terms of refined management and root health maintenance. Firstly, in actual cultivation, to maximize the use of space and light resources and reduce equipment construction and operating costs, it is often necessary to intercrop sun-loving and shade-loving crops in a three-dimensional, mixed manner. However, existing cultivation devices have a single structure, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the growth needs of crops with drastically different heights and light requirements within the same space. This results in low space utilization and an inability to effectively distribute facility costs through mixed planting, thus hindering the improvement of planting efficiency. Secondly, regarding the crucial issue of preventing root rot, existing technologies generally adopt a uniform, pre-set irrigation mode, unable to dynamically adjust according to the actual water requirements of different crops or different individuals of the same crop. This "one-size-fits-all" water supply method easily leads to some seedlings suffering from oxygen deficiency and root rot due to excessive water, while others may experience stunted growth due to insufficient water, severely affecting seedling survival rate and quality. Furthermore, the control of existing devices is mostly global, lacking the ability to autonomously adjust individual cultivation units. For example, if the water level of the water absorption platform in all the cultivation pits in the container is set uniformly, faster-growing plants and slower-growing plants will receive the same water supply. This is not conducive to the development of individual advantages and cannot achieve truly precise cultivation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a crop seed cultivation device that can autonomously adjust according to the plant's own growth status and effectively prevent root rot. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, a crop seed cultivation device is provided.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a crop seed cultivation device, comprising support legs and a cultivation box, the top of several support legs being fixedly connected to the cultivation box, a symmetrically openable observation window installed on one side of the cultivation box, a first handle fixedly connected to the outer wall of each observation window, a water inlet installed on the top of the cultivation box, a water storage tank connected to the bottom of the water inlet, the water storage tank being located inside the cultivation box and fixedly connected to the top of its inner wall, a receiving plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the water storage tank, and supplementary lighting lamps, several supplementary lighting lamps installed at the center of the receiving plate, several atomizing nozzles symmetrically installed at the bottom of the receiving plate, the top of the atomizing nozzles penetrating the receiving plate and communicating with the water storage tank, a water supply platform fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the cultivation box, a cultivation tray fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water supply platform, a cultivation tray having several pits, an anti-deviation guide plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of each pit, a light adjustment unit for automatically adjusting light intensity installed on the top of the cultivation tray, and a root ventilation unit for seed root ventilation installed on the outer wall of the cultivation tray.

[0006] Preferably, it also includes a bearing seat, and the inner walls of several foundation pits are slidably connected to the bearing seat. The outer wall of the bearing seat and the inner wall of the anti-deviation guide plate are slidably connected. The inner wall of the bearing seat is slidably connected to a cultivation pit. A piston plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cultivation pit. A bellows is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate. The bottom of the bellows is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the bearing seat. The piston plate, the bellows, and the bearing seat together form a cavity.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a water-absorbing rod, which is connected through the bottom of the cultivation pit and passes through the piston plate. The water-absorbing rod is slidably connected to the corrugated pipe. A float plate is fixed to the bottom of the support seat, and the bottom of the water-absorbing rod passes through the support seat and the float plate and is slidably connected to them.

[0008] Preferably, the light adjustment unit includes support columns. Several support columns are symmetrically fixed to the top of the incubation tray. A metal sheet is fixed to the top of several support columns on the same side. A heat insulation sheet is fixed to the side of each metal sheet that is far from each other. The bottom of the heat insulation sheet is fixed to the top of the support column. A fixing plate is symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the metal sheet on the side far from the heat insulation sheet. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixing plate. A connecting plate is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting rod. A first fixing block is rotatably connected to both ends of the connecting plate. The first fixing blocks located on the same side of the two connecting plates form a group. A base plate is fixed to the bottom of each group of first fixing blocks. Each group of base plates is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the incubator through a rotating shaft. A cover plate is fixed to the side of each group of base plates that is close to each other.

[0009] Preferably, the root ventilation unit includes a second fixing block. Several second fixing blocks are fixed to the bottom of the receiving plate. A first rotating wheel is installed at the bottom of the second fixing block. Support tubes are symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the cultivation tray. The outer wall of the support tubes is symmetrically rotatably connected to the second rotating wheel. The second rotating wheel is located directly below the first rotating wheel and is rotatably connected to it with a traction rope. One end of the traction rope is fixed to the heat insulation sheet, and the other end of the traction rope is fixed to an L-shaped plate. The outer wall of the cultivation tray is symmetrically provided with long grooves that cooperate with the L-shaped plate. A spring is fixed to the inner wall of the L-shaped plate. The other end of the spring is fixed to a third fixing block. The outer wall of the third fixing block is fixed to the inner wall of the cultivation tray.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a water inlet pipe. The water inlet pipe is installed on the outer wall of the incubator. One end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the water storage tank, and the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the water supply platform. A water-fertilizer premixing unit is installed on the outer wall of the water inlet pipe. A drain pipe is installed on the outer wall of the incubator. The water inlet pipe and the drain pipe are both located on the same side of the incubator. One end of the drain pipe is connected to the water storage tank, and the other end of the drain pipe is connected to the water supply platform. The end of the water inlet pipe connected to the water storage tank is higher than the end of the drain pipe connected to the water storage tank, and the end of the water inlet pipe connected to the water supply platform is lower than the end of the drain pipe connected to the water supply platform.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a water pump, with the water pump installed at the bottom of the drain pipe and a detachable U-shaped pipe installed at the bottom of the drain pipe. A filter screen is installed on the inner wall of the U-shaped pipe, and both the U-shaped pipe and the filter screen are located inside the water pump.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a first sliding rod, and a first sliding rod and a second sliding rod are slidably connected between the outer wall of the cultivation tray and the inner wall of the water supply platform, respectively. A first water-blocking column is fixedly connected at the center of the outer wall of the first sliding rod, and a second water-blocking column is fixedly connected at the center of the outer wall of the second sliding rod.

[0013] Preferably, the water-fertilizer premixing unit includes a nutrient solution tank, the nutrient solution tank is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inlet pipe, a lid is hinged to the top of the nutrient solution tank, a second handle is fixedly connected to the top of the lid, an arc-shaped flow guide cavity is installed on the inner wall of the nutrient solution tank, a square groove that matches the arc-shaped flow guide cavity is opened on the outer wall of the inlet pipe, several gears are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped flow guide cavity, half of the gears near the inlet pipe are located inside the inlet pipe, a first flow guide hole is opened on the top of the arc-shaped flow guide cavity, and a second flow guide hole is opened on the side wall of the arc-shaped flow guide cavity.

[0014] Preferably, the incubator also includes a fan, with fans symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the incubator and an isolation net installed on the outer wall of the incubator, the isolation net being located outside the fan. Beneficial effects

[0015] 1. This invention, by setting up a support seat that rises and falls with the water level and a gravity sensing structure that works in conjunction with a piston plate, corrugated pipe and water-absorbing rod, can automatically adjust the extension length of the water-absorbing rod according to the weight changes during the seedling growth process. The better the seedling grows and the heavier it is, the longer the water-absorbing rod extends and the deeper the water is absorbed. This design not only meets the water needs of seedlings at different growth stages, but also provides personalized water volume according to the different species or individual growth differences, giving full play to the growth potential of superior individuals.

[0016] 2. This invention innovatively utilizes the thermal induction properties of a bimetallic strip to achieve simultaneous linkage between shading and ventilation through a single heat source. When the supplemental lighting causes the temperature to rise, the deformation of the bimetallic strip not only drives the shade plate to block sunlight for shade-loving seedlings, but also pulls the traction rope to open the L-shaped plate for ventilation. This effectively dissipates the hot and humid gases generated in the cultivation tray due to plant respiration and water evaporation, continuously providing fresh oxygen to the roots and water-absorbing rods, thereby effectively reducing the occurrence of root rot. When the temperature drops, it automatically resets under the action of the spring and traction rope. This automated adjustment mechanism requires no manual intervention, ensuring that the light and air inside the box are always in a suitable state, significantly reducing management costs.

[0017] 3. This invention eliminates the need for a complex electric stirring device. Instead, it utilizes the gravity of the water flow to drive the gears, achieving pre-mixing of water and fertilizer with clean water to prevent seedling burn. Simultaneously, the reverse pumping action of the gears draws a small amount of clean water through the second guide hole into the nutrient solution tank. This returning water redissolves the water and fertilizer deposited at the bottom of the tank and participates in the mixing process again, effectively reducing waste and waste. It also assists in cleaning, automatically removing residual water, fertilizer, and impurities. This design cleverly incorporates self-cleaning while fulfilling the core water and fertilizer pre-mixing function, significantly reducing maintenance intensity and labor costs for staff.

[0018] 4. This invention uses the cooperation of the first and second water-blocking columns to dynamically adjust the inflow and outflow of water, respectively. When water is added or the water level fluctuates, the water-blocking columns can automatically limit the water flow speed to prevent seedlings from drowning due to excessive water intake or excessive water level fluctuations due to excessive drainage, which would affect the stability of the seedling root system. This passive adaptive buffer structure ensures the stability of the water level in the water supply platform and provides a stable growth foundation for the seedlings.

[0019] 5. This invention is specifically designed to address common risks in the early stages of seedling cultivation and the growth period: In the early stages, a floating board elevates the seeds to a position above the water surface, effectively preventing seed rot caused by excessive moisture; During the growth process, an isolation net is installed at the ventilation opening to ensure air circulation while blocking the invasion of external pests; In addition, a detachable U-shaped pipe and filter screen are installed at the bottom of the water inlet pipe to facilitate the interception of impurities and regular cleaning, ensuring water quality from the source and comprehensively improving the success rate and quality of seedling cultivation.

[0020] 6. This invention utilizes the significant differences in light and temperature requirements between sun-loving and shade-loving crops. It uses a metal sheet that senses temperature and bends to drive the unfolding of a shade-loving plate, automatically shading the shade-loving crops below. The heat generated by the supplemental lighting is converted into the power source to drive the shade-loving crops to shade the plate. This allows for the mixed planting of sun-loving and shade-loving crops in the same space. This design can accurately meet the differentiated needs without human intervention, maximizing the performance of the device and effectively reducing the time and equipment investment costs of batch planting or separate facility management. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this water supply platform; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the receiving plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the atomizing nozzle of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing base of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the bearing seat of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal sheet of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation sheet of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first water-blocking column of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the drainage pipe of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped flow guide cavity of the present invention.

[0022] The above-mentioned attached drawings include the following reference numerals: 1-support leg, 2-incubator, 3-observation window, 4-first handle, 5-water inlet, 6-water tank, 7-receiving plate, 8-atomizing nozzle, 9-supplementary light, 10-incubation tray, 11-anti-deviation guide plate, 12-support seat, 13-incubation pit, 14-piston plate, 15-corrugated pipe, 16-water absorber, 17-float plate, 18-support column, 19-metal sheet, 191-heat insulation sheet, 20-fixing plate, 21-connecting rod, 22-connecting plate, 23-first fixing block, 24-rotating shaft, 25-base plate, 26-shielding plate, 27-second fixing block. 28-First rotating wheel, 29-Traction rope, 30-Support pipe, 31-Second rotating wheel, 32-L-shaped plate, 33-Spring, 34-Third fixing block, 35-Drainage pipe, 36-Water pump, 37-U-shaped pipe, 371-Filter screen, 38-Water inlet pipe, 39-Water supply platform, 40-First sliding rod, 41-First water blocking column, 42-Second sliding rod, 43-Second water blocking column, 44-Nutrient solution tank, 45-Tank cover, 46-Second handle, 47-Arc-shaped guide cavity, 48-Gear, 49-First guide hole, 50-Second guide hole, 51-Fan, 52-Isolation net. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Although the invention may be described with respect to specific applications or industries, those skilled in the art will recognize its broader applicability. Those skilled in the art will understand that terms such as "above," "below," "upward," "downward," etc., are used to describe the drawings and not to indicate a limitation on the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Any numerical designations such as "first" or "second" are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

[0024] A crop seed cultivation device, such as Figures 1-11As shown, the device includes support legs 1 and a cultivation box 2. The tops of the four support legs 1 are all fixed to the cultivation box 2 to provide stability for the entire device. A symmetrical, openable observation window 3 is installed on one side of the cultivation box 2. Each observation window 3 has a first handle 4 fixed to its outer wall, allowing for easy observation of the growth of crops inside the cultivation box 2. A water inlet 5 is installed on the top of the cultivation box 2, and a water storage tank 6 is connected to the bottom of the water inlet 5. The water storage tank 6 is located inside the cultivation box 2 and fixed to its inner wall. A support plate 7 is fixed to the bottom of the water storage tank 6. The device also includes supplemental lights 9. Several supplemental lights 9 are installed at the center of the support plate 7. The supplemental lights 9 provide the light source required for photosynthesis of crops. At the same time, the heat generated during operation can raise the internal temperature of the cultivation box 2, promoting seedling growth. The bottom of the support plate 7... Several atomizing nozzles 8 are symmetrically installed. The atomizing nozzles 8 are used to atomize and spray the clean water in the water storage tank 6, thereby increasing the humidity inside the cultivation box 2 and accelerating the growth rate of crops. The top of the atomizing nozzles 8 passes through the receiving plate 7 and is connected to the water storage tank 6. A water supply platform 39 is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the cultivation box 2. A cultivation tray 10 is fixed to the inner wall of the water supply platform 39. The cultivation tray 10 has several pits. The inner wall of each pit is fixed with an anti-deviation guide plate 11. An automatic light intensity adjustment unit is installed on the top of the cultivation tray 10 to automatically adjust the degree of shading for the seedlings according to temperature changes. A root ventilation unit is installed on the outer wall of the cultivation tray 10 to ventilate the seed roots, so as to achieve air exchange between the inside and outside of the cultivation tray 10 while adjusting the light intensity, and prevent root rot due to lack of oxygen.

[0025] It also includes a support seat 12, with the inner walls of several pits slidably connected to the support seat 12. The support seat 12 is used to move the seedlings as the water level rises and falls. The outer wall of the support seat 12 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the anti-deviation guide plate 11. The anti-deviation guide plate 11 ensures the stability of the support seat 12 during the rising and falling process and prevents the support seat 12 from shifting due to crop growth, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of the support seat 12 becoming tilted and stuck. The inner wall of the support seat 12 is slidably connected to a cultivation pit 13, which is used to place the seedling substrate and crop seedlings. The bottom of the cultivation pit 13 is fixedly connected to a piston plate 14, and the bottom of the piston plate 14 is fixedly connected to a corrugated pipe 15. The bottom of the corrugated pipe 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the support seat 12. The piston plate 14, the corrugated pipe 15 and the support seat 12 together form a cavity. This cavity can automatically adjust its size according to the different weights of the crop seedlings, thereby providing mechanical power for the adjustment of the cavity through the weight of the seedlings, realizing truly precise planting.

[0026] It also includes a water-absorbing rod 16, which is connected to the bottom of the cultivation pit 13 and passes through the piston plate 14. The water-absorbing rod 16 is slidably connected to the corrugated pipe 15. A float plate 17 is fixed to the bottom of the support base 12. The float plate 17 is used to use the buoyancy of the water to drive the support base 12 and the seedlings to rise and fall automatically with the water level, ensuring that the bottom of the water-absorbing rod 16 is always in contact with the water surface. The bottom of the water-absorbing rod 16 passes through the support base 12 and the float plate 17 and is slidably connected to them. It is worth noting that the buoyancy of the float plate 17 is designed to always be greater than that of the cultivation pit 13, the piston plate 14, and the seedlings. The sum of the weight of the seedlings and the seedling substrate ensures that the float 17 remains floating and does not sink during the crop's growth. The weight of the crop itself only acts on the piston plate 14, causing it to gradually compress the cavity downwards. The volume of the cavity gradually decreases as the piston plate 14 descends, which in turn compresses the bellows 15. The compressible design of the bellows 15 ensures that the piston plate 14 can descend smoothly, which in turn allows the water-absorbing rod 16 to extend further downwards relative to the float 17, thus automatically increasing the depth of the water-absorbing rod 16 in contact with the water surface.

[0027] The light adjustment unit includes support columns 18. Several support columns 18 are symmetrically fixed to the top of the cultivation tray 10. A metal sheet 19 is fixed to the top of several support columns 18 on the same side. The metal sheet 19 is a heat-sensing element used to sense the ambient temperature generated by the supplementary light 9 during operation and deform accordingly. A heat insulation sheet 191 is fixed to the side of each metal sheet 19 that is far from each other. The heat insulation sheet 191 is used to block the heat from the supplementary light 9 to the metal sheet 19. It is worth noting that the metal sheet 19 bends inward when heated. The temperature of the two metal sheets 19 gradually decreases with distance from the supplementary light 9, thus the bending angle gradually decreases from top to bottom. The heat insulation sheet 191 can bend at the same angle as the metal sheet 19. When the metal sheet 19 bends, the heat insulation sheet 191 bends downward synchronously with the metal sheet 19. At this time, the metal sheet 19 is at the bottom, and the heat insulation sheet 191 blocks the light and heat generated by the supplementary light 9, making the metal sheet 19... After bending for a period of time, the heat of the metal sheet 19 is removed by the heat insulation sheet 191 and the air circulation. After the metal sheet 19 cools down, it automatically recovers its deformation. The bottom of the heat insulation sheet 191 is fixed to the top of the support column 18. A fixing plate 20 is symmetrically fixed to the side of the metal sheet 19 away from the heat insulation sheet 191. A connecting rod 21 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixing plate 20. A connecting plate 22 is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting rod 21. A first fixing block 23 is rotatably connected to both ends of the connecting plate 22. The first fixing blocks 23 located on the same side of the two connecting plates 22 form a group. A base plate 25 is fixed to the bottom of each group of first fixing blocks 23. Each group of base plates 25 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the incubator 2 through a rotating shaft 24. A cover plate 26 is fixed to the side of each group of base plates 25 that is close to each other. The cover plate 26 is used to rotate around the rotating shaft 24 with the base plate 25 under the push of the connecting rod 21, thereby achieving shading or opening of light for the seedlings on both sides of the incubator 10.

[0028] The root ventilation unit includes a second fixing block 27. Several second fixing blocks 27 are fixed to the bottom of the receiving plate 7. A first rotating wheel 28 is installed at the bottom of the second fixing block 27. Support tubes 30 are symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the cultivation tray 10. A second rotating wheel 31 is symmetrically rotatably connected to the outer wall of the support tube 30. The second rotating wheel 31 is located directly below the first rotating wheel 28 and is rotatably connected to a traction rope 29. One end of the traction rope 29 is fixed to the heat insulation sheet 191, and the other end of the traction rope 29 is fixed to an L-shaped plate 32. The outer wall of the cultivation tray 10 is symmetrically provided with long grooves that cooperate with the L-shaped plate 32. A spring 33 is fixed to the inner wall of the L-shaped plate 32. The spring 33 is used for... The spring 33 provides a rebound force to the L-shaped plate 32, so that when the heat insulation sheet 191 resets, the L-shaped plate 32 can be automatically restored to its initial position. The other end of the spring 33 is fixedly connected to the third fixing block 34. The outer wall of the third fixing block 34 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cultivation tray 10. It is worth noting that the second rotating wheel 31, L-shaped plate 32, spring 33 and third fixing block 34 are all made of stainless steel. The traction rope 29 and support pipe 30 are all made of engineering plastics (such as nylon, POM, etc.). Therefore, the components located in the water supply platform 39 can still maintain structural strength and functional stability in the high humidity and corrosion environment of long-term contact with water and fertilizer, thereby ensuring the service life and operational reliability of the device.

[0029] It also includes a water inlet pipe 38, which is installed on the outer wall of the cultivation box 2. One end of the water inlet pipe 38 is connected to the water storage tank 6, and the other end of the water inlet pipe 38 is connected to the water supply platform 39. A water and fertilizer premixing unit is installed on the outer wall of the water inlet pipe 38. A drain pipe 35 is installed on the outer wall of the cultivation box 2. The water inlet pipe 38 and the drain pipe 35 are both located on the same side of the cultivation box 2. One end of the drain pipe 35 is connected to the water storage tank 6, and the other end of the drain pipe 35 is connected to the water supply platform 39. The end of the water inlet pipe 38 connected to the water storage tank 6 is higher than the end of the drain pipe 35 connected to the water storage tank 6, and the end of the water inlet pipe 38 connected to the water supply platform 39 is lower than the end of the drain pipe 35 connected to the water supply platform 39. This difference in height constitutes an overflow automatic water replenishment structure, which avoids the seedling roots from being submerged due to excessively high water levels or water shortage due to excessively low water levels.

[0030] It also includes a water pump 36, which is installed at the bottom of the drain pipe 35. A detachable U-shaped pipe 37 is installed at the bottom of the water pump 36. The detachable U-shaped pipe 37 is easy to open periodically to clean the scale or impurities remaining on the inner wall of the drain pipe 35. A filter screen 371 is installed on the inner wall of the U-shaped pipe 37. The filter screen 371 is used to filter the water discharged from the water pump 36, effectively intercepting matrix particles and other impurities in the water, preventing impurities from entering the atomizing nozzle 8 and causing blockage or damage, extending the service life of the device and ensuring the cleanliness of the water.

[0031] It also includes a first sliding rod 40. A first sliding rod 40 and a second sliding rod 42 are slidably connected between the outer wall of the cultivation tray 10 and the inner wall of the water supply platform 39, respectively. A first water-blocking column 41 is fixed to the center of the outer wall of the first sliding rod 40, and a second water-blocking column 43 is fixed to the center of the outer wall of the second sliding rod 42. The densities of the first sliding rod 40, the second sliding rod 42, the first water-blocking column 41, and the second water-blocking column 43 are all less than the density of water, allowing it to float on the water surface and move with the rise and fall of the water level. A sliding rod 40 and a second sliding rod 42 provide guiding support for the lifting and lowering movement of the first water-blocking column 41 and the second water-blocking column 43, ensuring smooth movement. The first water-blocking column 41 and the second water-blocking column 43 are used to rise and fall synchronously with the water level changes in the water supply platform 39, thereby automatically sealing the bottom of the inlet pipe 38 and the drain pipe 35. When the water level in the water storage tank 6 drops and water needs to be replenished, and the water supply platform 39 is simultaneously at a low water level, water replenishment must continue until the water supply platform 39 reaches the preset water level. The water level in the water supply platform 39 is higher than the bottom of the inlet pipe 38 but lower than the bottom of the drain pipe 35. This process requires the water level in the storage tank 6 to first exceed the top of the inlet pipe 38. Once the storage tank 6 exceeds the top of the inlet pipe 38, a large amount of clean water will rush into the water supply platform 39 through the inlet pipe 38 in a short time. This causes violent fluctuations in the water surface of the water supply platform 39, which then overflows the float 17, causing the outer wall of the bottom of the suction rod 16 to directly contact the water in the water supply platform 39, potentially leading to… To mitigate the risk of crop drowning, the first water-blocking column 41 reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet pipe 38 as the water level rises, thereby reducing the water inflow into the inlet pipe 38 and preventing a large amount of water from entering in a short period of time. This structure effectively avoids excessive water surface fluctuations within the water supply platform 39, thus preventing the outer wall of the float plate 17 from directly contacting a large amount of clean water and completely eliminating the hidden danger of crop drowning. The second water-blocking column 43 prevents excessive water surface fluctuations caused by the water pump 36 draining water too quickly from the water supply platform 39, which could affect seedling growth.

[0032] The water-fertilizer premixing unit includes a nutrient solution tank 44. The nutrient solution tank 44 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inlet pipe 38. A lid 45 is hinged to the top of the nutrient solution tank 44, and a second handle 46 is fixedly connected to the top of the lid 45 for easy opening and adding of water and fertilizer. An arc-shaped flow guide cavity 47 is installed on the inner wall of the nutrient solution tank 44. A square groove that mates with the arc-shaped flow guide cavity 47 is formed on the outer wall of the inlet pipe 38. Several gears 48 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped flow guide cavity 47. Half of the gear 48 closest to the inlet pipe 38 is located inside the inlet pipe 38. The gears 48 are driven to rotate by the impact when water flows through the inlet pipe 38. The water and fertilizer in the nutrient solution tank 44 are introduced into the gear 48. The top of the arc-shaped guide cavity 47 is provided with a first guide hole 49, and the side wall of the arc-shaped guide cavity 47 is provided with a second guide hole 50. On the one hand, the water and fertilizer are discharged into the water inlet pipe 38, realizing the pre-mixing of water and fertilizer with water, and preventing the water and fertilizer from being directly added to the water supply platform 39, which would cause seedling burn. On the other hand, the rotation of the gear 48 forms a small amount of clean water backflow, which flows into the nutrient solution tank 44 through the second guide hole 50. The backflow of clean water is used to redissolve the water and fertilizer deposited at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank 44, and participates in the mixing again with the backflow of clean water, thereby effectively reducing the waste of water and fertilizer residue, and playing an auxiliary cleaning role.

[0033] It also includes a fan 51, which is symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the cultivation box 2. The fan 51 is used to promote the circulation of air inside the cultivation box 2 and reduce the occurrence of dead corners with high temperature and high humidity inside the cultivation box 2, thereby providing a suitable air environment for seedling growth. An isolation net 52 is installed on the outer wall of the cultivation box 2. The isolation net 52 is located outside the fan 51. The isolation net 52 is used to provide double protection when the fan 51 is running. On the one hand, it effectively prevents operators from accidentally touching the fan blades and causing personal injury. On the other hand, it acts as a physical barrier to block external pests from entering the cultivation box 2 from the fan 51, thereby effectively preventing the crops in the cultivation box 2 from being disturbed or bitten by pests and ensuring the healthy growth of crops.

[0034] In use, firstly, the staff opens the observation window 3 through the first handle 4, and sows the seeds in the base pit according to their different light intensity requirements. Sun-loving crop seeds are planted in the middle row of the cultivation tray 10, while shade-loving crop seeds are planted in the side rows on both sides of the cultivation tray 10. Seedling substrate is added to provide an initial growth environment for the seeds. Then, the staff injects an appropriate amount of clean water into the water storage tank 6 through the water inlet 5. The clean water enters the water supply platform 39 through the water inlet pipe 38, causing the floats 17 to rise with the water level. Several floats 17 lift the support base 12, which is slidably connected to the cultivation tray 10, upwards, and also lift the cultivation pit 1. 3. Simultaneously raise the water level to a position higher than the water supply platform 39, so that the bottom of the water-absorbing rod 16 is level with the water surface. At this time, the top of several support seats 12 is higher than the top of the cultivation tray 10. This setting effectively prevents the seeds from failing to germinate due to excessive surrounding moisture in the early stages, avoiding seed rot. At this time, the anti-deviation guide plate 11 fixed inside the cultivation tray 10 plays an anti-deviation guiding role for the raised support seats 12, preventing the support seats 12 from shifting due to the growth of the seeds themselves during the subsequent growth process. After the seeds germinate, the staff turns on the supplemental light 9 to provide light for the seedlings, and at the same time, the atomizing nozzle 8 sprays clean water from the water storage tank 6 to maintain the cultivation. The humidity inside tank 2 is controlled by water pump 36, which automatically adjusts its start / stop status according to the water level in water supply platform 39 (this part is existing technology and will not be described in detail here). When the water level in water supply platform 39 drops below the height of drain pipe 35, water pump 36 stops pumping water to prevent dry running. When the water level rises above the drain pipe 35, water pump 36 automatically starts to drain water, using the flow of water to increase the dissolved oxygen in the water and promote crop growth. When workers add water to water storage tank 6 through inlet 5, the second water-blocking column 43 rises with the water level, and the second sliding rod 42 moves closer to drain pipe 35 under the sliding action of water supply platform 39 and cultivation tray 10, for... The drainage flow of the water pump 36 to the water supply platform 39 is limited to prevent excessive water level fluctuation caused by the water pump 36 draining too quickly from the water supply platform 39, which would affect the growth of seedlings. When the water level in the water storage tank 6 exceeds the height of the inlet pipe 38, the water level circulation between the water storage tank 6 and the water supply platform 39 reaches equilibrium under the action of the water pump 36, and the water is stopped. At this time, several support seats 12 are in a floating state, and the top of the float plate 17 is against the bottom of the cultivation tray 10, and the bottom of the float plate 17 is level with the current water level. It should be noted that when seedlings germinate, they need to continuously absorb water during their growth, which will disrupt the water level balance of the inlet pipe 38, outlet pipe 35, water storage tank 6, and water supply platform 39. When the actual water level of the water supply platform 39 is lower than the preset balance water level, the water pump 36 reduces its pumping capacity as the water level decreases until it automatically stops pumping. At this time, the first water-blocking column 41 moves closer to the inlet as the water level decreases and the first sliding rod 40 moves closer to the inlet under the sliding action of the water supply platform 39 and the cultivation tray 10. Pipe 38 restricts the inlet flow to prevent a large influx of water from the storage tank 6 into the water supply platform 39 due to a drop in water level, which could submerge the seedlings. During this period, the inlet flow of water through pipe 38 exceeds the outlet flow of pump 36, causing the water level in the water supply platform 39 to gradually rise until the water levels of pipe 38, outlet pipe 35, storage tank 6, and water supply platform 39 are restored to a balanced state. It is worth noting that during this process, the float plate 17 will continuously follow the water level. The water level fluctuates with the water level changes to ensure that the water-absorbing rod 16 is always in contact with the water surface, preventing the seedlings from drying out due to water level fluctuations. When the water level in the water storage tank 6 is lower than the height of the inlet pipe 38, the water pump 36 continues to pump water. At this time, the seedlings continue to grow and consume the required water. Under the combined action of the water pump 36 and the seedlings, when the water level in the water supply platform 39 drops to below the height of the drain pipe 35, the water pump 36 will automatically stop working. After the staff finds that the water pump 36 has stopped working, they can observe the internal situation of the water supply platform 39 through the observation window 3. They can quickly identify that the seedlings in the water supply platform 39 are in a state of water shortage, and then replenish the water storage tank 6 in time according to the prompt that the water pump 36 has stopped, thereby replenishing the water supply platform 39 and the seedlings. During the water circulation process, under the action of the filter screen 371, impurities will be intercepted and deposited at the bottom of the U-shaped pipe 37. The staff only needs to disassemble the U-shaped pipe 37 regularly for cleaning to effectively remove impurities and ensure the cleanliness of the water in the water supply platform 39. It should be further explained that as the seedlings grow, their weight gradually increases. Due to the differences in growth between different types of seedlings or even the same type of seedlings, the cultivation pit 13 will descend to varying degrees within the support seat 12 during this process, thereby gradually squeezing the piston plate 14. As the cavity formed by the piston plate 14, the corrugated pipe 15, and the support seat 12 is gradually compressed, the corrugated pipe 15 also becomes shorter. Meanwhile, the water-absorbing rod 16, which runs through and is fixed to the bottom of the cultivation pit 13 and the piston plate 14, gradually extends out of the float 17. The greater the weight of the seedling, the longer the water-absorbing rod 16 extends, thus making deeper contact with the water surface and increasing the amount of water absorbed. This allows the growth potential of the superior seeds to be fully utilized according to the growth of different types of seedlings or even the same type of seedlings, achieving truly refined planting. It should be noted again that while the supplemental light 9 provides a light source for the entire cultivation device, it also generates heat. Since the shade-loving seedlings located on both sides of the cultivation tray 10 should not be exposed to direct sunlight for extended periods, the temperature around the supplemental light 9 gradually increases after it has been operating for a period of time. As the temperature rises, the metal sheet 19 gradually deforms and bends. At this point, the symmetrically designed metal sheets 19 at the top of the cultivation tray 10 move closer together under the support of the support column 18, thereby pushing the fixing plate 20 to move. The connecting rod 21, hinged to the fixing plate 20, pushes the connecting plate 22 to move. Under the limiting action of the rotating shaft 24, the first fixing block 23, the base plate 25, and the shielding plate 26 rotate... The rotating shaft 24 rotates, turning the vertically positioned shielding plate 26 to a near-horizontal position, thereby shading the shade-loving seedlings from sunlight and allowing them to grow rapidly under suitable light conditions. During this process, the heat insulation plate 191 bends along with the metal plate 19, pulling the traction rope 29 fixed to the heat insulation plate 191 closer together. Under the guidance of the first rotating wheel 28 and the second rotating wheel 31, the traction rope 29 pulls the L-shaped plate 32 to gradually detach from the outer wall of the cultivation tray 10. At this time, the spring 33 fixed to the third fixing block 34 is stretched, and the opened L-shaped plate 32 provides an air exchange space for the cultivation tray 10, allowing external air to enter the interior of the cultivation tray 10, effectively dispersing the airflow from the cultivation tray 10. The humid and hot gases produced by plant respiration and water evaporation continuously provide fresh oxygen to the roots and water-absorbing rod 16, effectively reducing root rot. Notably, the design of the floating plate 17 ensures that the outer wall of the middle part of the water-absorbing rod 16 is always exposed to air, providing direct contact between the water-absorbing rod 16 and the outside air. This effectively prevents the water-absorbing rod 16 from becoming a breeding ground for anaerobic bacteria due to prolonged immersion in water, thus fundamentally inhibiting bacterial reproduction and preventing root rot. Simultaneously, the isolation net 52, installed on the outer wall of the cultivation box 2 and located at the air inlet of the fan 51, effectively blocks external pests from entering the cultivation box 2, preventing insect damage to the seedlings. After the seeds germinate, the fan 51 is turned on at the same time. This not only accelerates the air circulation in the cultivation box 2, but also speeds up the circulation of the hot and humid gas generated by plant respiration and water evaporation in the cultivation tray 10. Under the heat insulation of the heat insulation sheet 191 and the cooling effect of the airflow from the fan 51, the metal sheet 19 gradually cools down and recovers its deformation, which in turn drives the cover plate 26 to rotate back to the vertical position, providing light to the shade-loving seedlings again. This cycle repeats to ensure that the shade-loving seedlings are always in a suitable light environment. During the process of the metal sheet 19 recovering its deformation, the spring 33 recovers its deformation under its own elasticity. Under the combined action of the spring 33 and the metal sheet 19, the traction rope 29 and the L-shaped plate 32 are pulled back to their initial positions. It should be further explained that when water and fertilizer need to be added to the water supply platform 39, the water levels in both the storage tank 6 and the water supply platform 39 must be lowered below the preset water level. At this time, the staff will turn off the main valve of the water pump 36 and add clean water to the storage tank 6. When the water level rises to submerge the inlet pipe 38, the cover 45, which is hinged to the nutrient solution tank 44, will be opened through the second handle 46, and water and fertilizer will be added to the nutrient solution tank 44. The water entering the water supply platform 39 from the storage tank 6 through the inlet pipe 38 will be driven by the gravity of the water flow, which will drive the gear 48 located in the arc-shaped guide cavity 47 near the inlet pipe 38 to rotate. The gear 48 near the inlet pipe 38 will drive the other gears 4 through meshing transmission. 8. Driven by gear 48, the water and fertilizer enter the inlet pipe 38 through the first guide hole 49 and the second guide hole 50, achieving pre-mixing of water and fertilizer with water. This avoids burning seedlings near the bottom of the drain pipe 35 caused by directly adding high-concentration water and fertilizer to the water supply platform 39. Furthermore, while guiding the water and fertilizer, the first guide hole 49 also expels air from the arc-shaped guide cavity 47, preventing uneven pre-mixing of water and fertilizer due to air in the arc-shaped guide cavity 47. After pre-mixing, the uniformly pre-mixed water and fertilizer solution enters the water supply platform 39 for seedling absorption and growth. At this time, the water level in the storage tank 6 is still higher than the height of the inlet pipe 38. Therefore, when the water flows... When the gear 48 near the inlet pipe 38 is flushed, the rotation of the gear 48 causes a small amount of clean water to flow back into the nutrient solution tank 44, thus achieving a self-cleaning effect for the nutrient solution tank 44 and reducing the workload of the staff. It is worth noting that the structural design ensures the control of the flow direction of clean water and fertilizer. Utilizing the advantageous position of the first guide hole 49 located at the top of the arc-shaped guide cavity 47 and the second guide hole 50 located near the center of the nutrient solution tank 44, the fertilizer in the nutrient solution tank 44 can preferentially and smoothly enter the inlet pipe 38 under the action of gravity, achieving mixing with the clean water. At the same time, three gears 48 are designed in the arc-shaped guide cavity 47, and the water flow in the inlet pipe 38 has already determined the direction of the water flow. Under the premise of the flow direction, the rotation direction of the three gears 48 is also determined accordingly. Therefore, only a small amount of clean water will be transported back into the nutrient solution tank 44, which effectively avoids excessive clean water flowing back into the nutrient solution tank 44 from the water inlet pipe 38, and prevents the water and fertilizer from overflowing from the tank cover 45 due to excessive backflow. When the seedlings absorb the solution containing water and fertilizer in the water supply platform 39 to a height lower than the water inlet pipe 38, the support seat 12 drops to be level with the cultivation tray 10. At this time, the staff adds water to the water storage tank 6 through the water inlet 5 and turns on the main valve of the water pump 36 to restore the water circulation in the cultivation box 2 until the seedlings grow. The staff then takes out the mature crops through the observation window 3 for subsequent experiments.

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crop seed cultivation device, comprising support legs (1) and a cultivation box (2), wherein the top of several support legs (1) is fixedly connected to the cultivation box (2), a symmetrical openable observation window (3) is installed on one side of the cultivation box (2), and a first handle (4) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each observation window (3), a water inlet (5) is installed on the top of the cultivation box (2), and a water storage tank (6) is connected to the bottom of the water inlet (5), the water storage tank (6) is located inside the cultivation box (2) and fixedly connected to the top of its inner wall, and a receiving plate (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the water storage tank (6), characterized in that: It also includes supplementary lights (9), several supplementary lights (9) are installed at the center of the receiving plate (7), several atomizing nozzles (8) are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the receiving plate (7), the top of the atomizing nozzles (8) penetrates the receiving plate (7) and is connected to the water storage tank (6), a water supply platform (39) is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the cultivation box (2), a cultivation tray (10) is fixed to the inner wall of the water supply platform (39), a cultivation tray (10) is opened with several pits, and an anti-deviation guide plate (11) is fixed to the inner wall of the several pits. A light adjustment unit that automatically adjusts the light intensity is installed on the top of the cultivation tray (10), and a root ventilation unit for seed root ventilation is installed on the outer wall of the cultivation tray (10).

2. The crop seed cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bearing seat (12), and the inner walls of several foundation pits are slidably connected to the bearing seat (12). The outer wall of the bearing seat (12) and the inner wall of the anti-deviation guide plate (11) are slidably connected. The inner wall of the bearing seat (12) is slidably connected to the cultivation pit (13). The bottom of the cultivation pit (13) is fixedly connected to the piston plate (14). The bottom of the piston plate (14) is fixedly connected to the bellows (15). The bottom of the bellows (15) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the bearing seat (12). The piston plate (14), the bellows (15) and the bearing seat (12) together form a cavity.

3. The crop seed cultivation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a water-absorbing rod (16), the bottom of the cultivation pit (13) is connected to the water-absorbing rod (16), and the water-absorbing rod (16) passes through the piston plate (14). The water-absorbing rod (16) is slidably connected to the corrugated pipe (15). The bottom of the support seat (12) is fixedly connected to the float plate (17), and the bottom of the water-absorbing rod (16) passes through the support seat (12) and the float plate (17) and is slidably connected to them.

4. The crop seed cultivation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The light adjustment unit includes support columns (18). Several support columns (18) are symmetrically fixed to the top of the cultivation tray (10). Several support columns (18) on the same side are jointly fixed to the top of a metal sheet (19). A heat insulation sheet (191) is fixed to the side of each metal sheet (19) that is far away from each other. The bottom of the heat insulation sheet (191) is fixed to the top of the support column (18). A fixing plate (20) is symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the metal sheet (19) on the side far away from the heat insulation sheet (191). The fixing plate (20) A connecting rod (21) is rotatably connected to the inner wall. A connecting plate (22) is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting rod (21). A first fixing block (23) is rotatably connected to both ends of the connecting plate (22). The first fixing blocks (23) located on the same side of the two connecting plates (22) form a group. A base plate (25) is fixed to the bottom of each group of first fixing blocks (23). Each group of base plates (25) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the incubator (2) through a rotating shaft (24). A cover plate (26) is fixed to the side of each group of base plates (25) that is close to each other.

5. The crop seed cultivation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The root ventilation unit includes a second fixing block (27). Several second fixing blocks (27) are fixed to the bottom of the receiving plate (7). A first rotating wheel (28) is installed at the bottom of the second fixing block (27). A support tube (30) is symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the cultivation tray (10). A second rotating wheel (31) is symmetrically rotatably connected to the outer wall of the support tube (30). The second rotating wheel (31) is located directly below the first rotating wheel (28) and is rotatably connected to a traction rope (29). One end of the traction rope (29) is fixed to the heat insulation sheet (191). The other end of the traction rope (29) is fixed to an L-shaped plate (32). The outer wall of the cultivation tray (10) is symmetrically provided with long grooves that cooperate with the L-shaped plate (32). A spring (33) is fixed to the inner wall of the L-shaped plate (32). A third fixing block (34) is fixed to the other end of the spring (33). The outer wall of the third fixing block (34) is fixed to the inner wall of the cultivation tray (10).

6. The crop seed cultivation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an inlet pipe (38), an inlet pipe (38) installed on the outer wall of the incubator (2), one end of the inlet pipe (38) is connected to the water storage tank (6), the other end of the inlet pipe (38) is connected to the water supply platform (39), a water-fertilizer premixing unit is installed on the outer wall of the inlet pipe (38), a drain pipe (35) is installed on the outer wall of the incubator (2), the inlet pipe (38) and the drain pipe (35) are both located on the same side of the incubator (2), one end of the drain pipe (35) is connected to the water storage tank (6), the other end of the drain pipe (35) is connected to the water supply platform (39), the end of the inlet pipe (38) connected to the water storage tank (6) is higher than the end of the drain pipe (35) connected to the water storage tank (6), and the end of the inlet pipe (38) connected to the water supply platform (39) is lower than the end of the drain pipe (35) connected to the water supply platform (39).

7. The crop seed cultivation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a water pump (36), the bottom of the drain pipe (35) is equipped with a water pump (36), the bottom of the water pump (36) is equipped with a detachable U-shaped pipe (37), and the inner wall of the U-shaped pipe (37) is equipped with a filter screen (371).

8. The crop seed cultivation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a first sliding rod (40), and the outer wall of the cultivation tray (10) and the inner wall of the water supply platform (39) are respectively slidably connected by the first sliding rod (40) and the second sliding rod (42). A first water-blocking column (41) is fixed at the center of the outer wall of the first sliding rod (40), and a second water-blocking column (43) is fixed at the center of the outer wall of the second sliding rod (42).

9. A crop seed cultivation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water-fertilizer premixing unit includes a nutrient solution tank (44), the nutrient solution tank (44) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water inlet pipe (38), the top of the nutrient solution tank (44) is hinged to a lid (45), the top of the lid (45) is fixedly connected to a second handle (46), the inner wall of the nutrient solution tank (44) is equipped with an arc-shaped flow guide cavity (47), the outer wall of the water inlet pipe (38) is provided with a square groove that matches the arc-shaped flow guide cavity (47), the inner wall of the arc-shaped flow guide cavity (47) is rotatably connected with several gears (48), half of the gear (48) on the side closer to the water inlet pipe (38) is located inside the water inlet pipe (38), the top of the arc-shaped flow guide cavity (47) is provided with a first flow guide hole (49), and the side wall of the arc-shaped flow guide cavity (47) is provided with a second flow guide hole (50).

10. A crop seed cultivation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a fan (51), the fan (51) is symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the incubator (2), and an isolation net (52) is installed on the outer wall of the incubator (2), the isolation net (52) is located outside the fan (51).

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