Anesthetic and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of anesthetic drugs, and particularly relates to an anesthetic drug and a preparation method thereof. The anesthetic is prepared by mixing 1000 parts by weight of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.5-1 part by weight of magnesium sulfate and 3-5 parts by weight of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride. Wherein magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine hydrochloride are auxiliary agents, so that the anesthesia onset time is shortened. The anesthetic prepared by the invention is smaller in side effect, quick in effect taking and long in maintenance time, the injection frequency of the anesthetic can be reduced, the infection risk and the nursing cost can be reduced, the anesthetic effect is good, and the application prospect is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of anesthetic drug technology, specifically relating to an anesthetic drug and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] The most direct effect of anesthetic drugs is anesthesia, including local and general anesthesia. These drugs are needed for procedures such as surgery, invasive examinations, and pain management. Appropriate anesthesia not only reduces patient suffering but also lowers oxygen consumption, prevents patient-ventilator asynchrony, and buys valuable time for treatment, allowing patients to undergo examinations and treatments comfortably and safely while remaining conscious or sedated.

[0003] Existing anesthetic drugs are mainly divided into two categories according to the duration of anesthesia.

[0004] The first category is long-acting anesthetic drugs, such as bupivacaine and ropivacaine, which can provide anesthesia for several hours to tens of hours, but these drugs have a relatively short onset time.

[0005] The second category is short-acting anesthetic drugs, such as etomidate and thiopental sodium. These drugs take effect quickly, but their effects only last for a few minutes, or at most a few hours.

[0006] For many surgical patients, postoperative acute pain is a key factor affecting the quality of their recovery. Because these patients experience acute pain and their surgical wounds take a long time to heal, they require medications with rapid onset and long-lasting anesthesia to achieve both rapid and prolonged analgesia. However, while existing long-acting anesthetics have a long analgesic duration, they often take 4 to 6 hours to take effect, making their onset slow. Short-acting anesthetics, although they take effect quickly, only provide analgesia for a few hours at most, resulting in short-lasting pain relief.

[0007] In conclusion, existing anesthetic drugs cannot meet the requirements for rapid onset and long duration of anesthesia. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an anesthetic drug and its preparation method, wherein the anesthetic drug of this invention has a rapid onset of action and a long duration of analgesia.

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anesthetic drug, which is composed of 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.5 to 1 part of magnesium sulfate, and 3 to 5 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in a weight ratio. The concentration of bupivacaine liposomes in the bupivacaine liposome injection solution is 10 mg / mL to 15 mg / mL.

[0010] In this invention, bupivacaine liposomes are combined with the adjuvant drugs magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine hydrochloride to create an injectable formulation that, with a single injection, can provide anesthesia and analgesia for 72 hours or even longer postoperatively. Patients receive this intravenous injection during or after surgery and experience rapid anesthetic and analgesic effects within minutes. It is particularly suitable for anesthesia and analgesia after orthopedic surgeries, such as postoperative anesthesia and analgesia after shoulder arthroscopy.

[0011] Bupivacaine liposome injection is commercially available in 10ml:133mg (Hunan Kelun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) or 20ml:266mg (Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd.).

[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned anesthetic drug, the concentration of bupivacaine liposomes in the bupivacaine liposome injection is 13.3 mg / mL.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned anesthetic drug, the magnesium sulfate is present in an amount of 0.6 to 0.9 parts by weight.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned anesthetic drug, the magnesium sulfate is 0.7 parts by weight.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned anesthetic drug, the dexmedetomidine hydrochloride is present in 4 parts by weight.

[0016] Preferably, the anesthetic drug is an analgesic drug used after orthopedic surgery.

[0017] Preferably, the above-mentioned anesthetic drugs are used, and the orthopedic surgery refers to shoulder arthroscopy.

[0018] Preferably, the method for preparing the above-mentioned anesthetic drug includes the following steps: Prepare 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.5 to 1 part of magnesium sulfate, and 3 to 5 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride according to the following weight ratio; Mix the above raw materials evenly to obtain the anesthetic drug.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The anesthetic drug of this invention is composed of 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.5 to 1 part of magnesium sulfate, and 3 to 5 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in a weight ratio. It can be injected locally, such as by uniformly infiltrating the tissue around the incision. In the anesthetic drug of this invention, the bupivacaine liposomes mainly achieve a sustained analgesic effect by encapsulating bupivacaine in the liposomes and then slowly releasing bupivacaine through orderly rupture of the liposomes. Therefore, bupivacaine still plays the main anesthetic role in the composition of this invention. The bupivacaine liposome injection contains approximately 3%-5% free bupivacaine by weight. This portion of free bupivacaine is not encapsulated by liposomes and can directly provide anesthesia and analgesia in the early stages. However, because the amount is small, this invention also uses magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine hydrochloride to enhance the anesthetic effect of this portion of free bupivacaine, which can achieve rapid onset of anesthesia, while the bupivacaine encapsulated by liposomes produces a sustained-release, long-acting anesthetic effect.

[0020] This invention addresses the postoperative anesthesia needs of clinical patients requiring both rapid onset of action and prolonged analgesia. Furthermore, it is the first to propose a compound anesthetic, formulated by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.5-1 part magnesium sulfate, and 3-5 parts dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in a specific weight ratio, thus achieving both rapid onset and prolonged analgesia. The liposomes in the bupivacaine liposomes also possess analgesic properties, and the magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine hydrochloride accelerate the onset of analgesia and analgesia from the bupivacaine liposome injection, resulting in a short-duration effect.

[0021] Compared to general anesthesia, the anesthetic drug of this invention only requires local infiltration, resulting in higher safety and fewer side effects. Compared to short-acting anesthetic drugs, the anesthetic drug of this invention provides a longer duration of anesthesia and analgesia, reducing the number of injections, infection risk, and nursing costs. It offers excellent anesthetic efficacy and is particularly suitable for postoperative anesthesia and analgesia in orthopedic surgeries, such as shoulder arthroscopy. Furthermore, since local infiltration is suitable for all invasive surgeries, regional nerve blocks are even more effective. The anesthetic drug of this invention, when used for local infiltration, is highly safe and effective, and its future applications, including nerve blocks in the upper and lower limbs and trunk (i.e., systemic nerve blocks), are promising. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 The onset time of anesthesia in adult beagle dogs.

[0023] Figure 2 The total duration of postoperative anesthesia for adult beagle dogs.

[0024] Figure 3 The onset time of anesthesia in guinea pigs.

[0025] Figure 4 The total duration of postoperative anesthesia for guinea pigs. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents used in this invention are commercially available, and all methods used are conventional techniques in the art. In the embodiments and experiments of this invention, the bupivacaine liposome injection solution was sourced from Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd. Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride CAS number 145108-58-3.

[0028] The inventive concept of this invention is as follows: Because the onset of action of bupivacaine liposome injection is slow when administered alone, most patients need 4 to 6 hours to take effect, and even some patients who take effect faster still need 1 to 2 hours to take effect, which cannot meet the anesthetic needs of rapid onset and long-term anesthesia.

[0029] This invention provides an anesthetic drug, which is composed of 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.5 to 1 part of magnesium sulfate, and 3 to 5 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in a weight ratio; magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine hydrochloride are adjuvants to enhance the anesthetic effect of free bupivacaine in the bupivacaine liposome injection, thereby shortening the onset time of anesthesia to a few minutes.

[0030] In the anesthetic drug of the present invention, bupivacaine liposomes encapsulate bupivacaine in liposomes to prolong its release time, thereby providing a longer-lasting anesthetic effect. According to experimental results, the postoperative analgesia duration of the bupivacaine liposomes can reach 72 hours or even longer, and can significantly reduce postoperative pain.

[0031] The anesthetic drug of this invention is used for local injection. Compared with general anesthesia, this anesthetic drug is safer and has fewer side effects. Compared with short-acting anesthetic drugs, it can reduce the number of injections, has a rapid onset of action, and a long duration of action.

[0032] All experiments were conducted at room temperature. One “part by weight” represents 1 mg.

[0033] Example 1 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 3 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in proportion to their weight.

[0034] The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare bupivacaine liposome injection solution, magnesium sulfate, and dexmedetomidine according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0035] Example 2 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.6 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 3 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in proportion to their weight.

[0036] The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare bupivacaine liposome injection solution, magnesium sulfate, and dexmedetomidine according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0037] Example 3 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.7 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 3 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in proportion to their weight.

[0038] The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare bupivacaine liposome injection solution, magnesium sulfate, and dexmedetomidine according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0039] Example 4 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.9 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 3 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in proportion to their weight.

[0040] The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare bupivacaine liposome injection solution, magnesium sulfate, and dexmedetomidine according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0041] Example 5 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, and 3 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in proportion to their weight.

[0042] The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare bupivacaine liposome injection solution, magnesium sulfate, and dexmedetomidine according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0043] Example 6 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.7 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 4 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in a specific weight ratio. The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare bupivacaine liposome injection solution, magnesium sulfate, and dexmedetomidine according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0044] Example 7 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.7 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 5 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in a specific weight ratio. The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare bupivacaine liposome injection solution, magnesium sulfate, and dexmedetomidine according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0045] To study the effects of different components on the anesthetic and analgesic effects, the present invention set up the following control group.

[0046] Control group 1 An anesthetic drug consisting of 1000 portions of bupivacaine liposome injection. It is a single-factor bupivacaine liposome.

[0047] Control group 2 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 0.7 parts magnesium sulfate and 1000 parts water for injection in a specific weight ratio. It is a single-factor magnesium sulfate. The water for injection acts as a solvent.

[0048] The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare water for injection and magnesium sulfate according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0049] Control group 3 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts water for injection and 4 parts dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in a specific weight ratio. It is a single-factor dexmedetomidine hydrochloride. The water for injection acts as a solvent.

[0050] The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare water for injection and dexmedetomidine according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0051] Control group 4 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection and 0.7 parts of magnesium sulfate in a weight ratio. The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare water for injection and magnesium sulfate according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0052] Control group 5 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection and 4 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in a weight ratio. The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare water for injection and dexmedetomidine hydrochloride according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0053] Control group 6 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection and 4 parts of dexamethasone sodium phosphate in a weight ratio; the control group is compared with other auxiliary anesthetics as a positive control.

[0054] The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare bupivacaine liposome injection solution and dexamethasone sodium phosphate according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0055] Control group 7 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.7 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 4 parts of dexamethasone sodium phosphate in a weight ratio; the control group is compared with other auxiliary anesthetics as a positive control.

[0056] The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare bupivacaine liposome injection solution, magnesium sulfate, and dexamethasone sodium phosphate according to the weight ratio; The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0057] control group 8 An anesthetic drug is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.7 parts of dexamethasone sodium phosphate, and 4 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in a specific weight ratio. The preparation method of anesthetic drugs includes the following steps: Prepare bupivacaine liposome injection, dexamethasone sodium phosphate, and dexmedetomidine hydrochloride according to the weight ratio. The above raw materials are homogenized to ensure uniform mixing, thus obtaining the anesthetic drug.

[0058] Blank control: Water for injection.

[0059] Experiment 1: Postoperative analgesia in adult beagle dogs (1) Animal preparation: Healthy adult beagles, weighing 12kg~16kg. Adapt to feeding for 7 days, fasting for 12 hours and withholding water for 4 hours before surgery.

[0060] (2) Grouping: 6 animals per group, half male and half female. The average value of the test results is taken.

[0061] (3) Procedure: Shoulder arthroscopy was performed. Except for the anesthetic drugs used in the embodiments of the present invention or the control group, the other procedures were performed using existing technology.

[0062] Preoperative management for shoulder arthroscopy includes administration of atropine 0.02 mg / kg, propofol 4 mg / kg for induction, shaving, iodine disinfection, draping, and monitoring of vital signs.

[0063] Preoperative local infiltration anesthetic: The anesthetic drug used in the example or control group was injected into the surgical site at a dose of 100 μL / kg.

[0064] Intraoperative management included: recumbent position, neck extension, 30-degree forward elevation of the operated upper limb, and traction with a 4 kg weight to open the glenohumeral space. The total operation time was controlled within 30 minutes.

[0065] After the procedure, the area was rinsed with a rinsing solution at 37°C. The skin was then sutured and treated with anti-inflammatory medication.

[0066] The animals were able to resume independent activity and eating 24 hours after surgery. They were kept for another 3 days to observe for chronic pain behavior and to calculate pain scores.

[0067] The postoperative pain scoring criteria are as follows: 0 points: No pain response, no body movement or HR (heart rate) / MAP (mean arterial pressure) fluctuations in response to surgical stimulation.

[0068] 1 point: Mild response, mild body movement or HR / MAP elevation <10%.

[0069] ≥2 points: Significant pain, strong body movement or HR / MAP elevation >20%.

[0070] A postoperative pain score ≤1 indicates that the anesthetic drug is effective, while a score >1 indicates that the anesthetic drug has failed. The onset time of anesthesia and the total duration of postoperative anesthesia were recorded; the results are shown in Table 1. Figure 1 The bar chart shows the onset time of anesthesia in each group. Figure 2 The bar chart visually displays the total duration of postoperative anesthesia; the greater the difference in bar height, the greater the difference in anesthetic effect between groups.

[0071] The results in Table 1 show that the anesthetic drugs provided in the embodiments of the present invention have an onset time of ≤5min and a total anesthesia duration that can be maintained after surgery of ≥72h, which is superior to the control groups.

[0072] Table 1. Statistics on the anesthesia effect in adult beagle dogs. Note: " / " indicates that there is no data for this item.

[0073] Experiment 2, Guinea Pig Intradermal Papular Method—Determination of Local Infiltration Anesthesia (1) Laboratory animals and preparation Animals: Healthy adult guinea pigs, male or female, weighing 250g-300g.

[0074] Number: 6 animals were randomly selected for each group. Two regions were made on the back of each animal, located on both sides of the spine, for each animal's own control.

[0075] Hair removal: On the day of the experiment, an electric razor was used to shave a 5cm diameter hairless area on each side of the spine on the back, avoiding visible blood vessels.

[0076] Environment: Room temperature 25℃, humidity 50%, allow 30 minutes for acclimatization before starting the experiment.

[0077] (2) Drug preparation and administration Test drug: The anesthetic drug used in the examples and control group.

[0078] Negative control: sterile physiological saline, same volume and under the same conditions.

[0079] Administration method: Intradermal injection of 0.1 mL of anesthetic drug using a skin test needle to form a white papule with a diameter of 10 mm.

[0080] Sequence: The test drug or sterile saline was injected into both sides of the spine of the same animal, avoiding midline crossing; the positions of the anterior and posterior regions were exchanged in the second experiment to eliminate regional sensitivity differences. The results of each group were the average of 6 animals.

[0081] (3) Determination of onset time Stimulation tool: No. 7 injection needle, maintaining the same angle and force.

[0082] Test timing: Start immediately after drug injection (0 min), repeat once every 30 seconds until 10 min; then test once every 1 min until 30 min.

[0083] Judgment criteria: Positive reaction: Guinea pigs exhibit obvious back retraction, hissing, body shaking, or localized muscle tremors; Negative reaction: No behavioral or electromyographic response to acupuncture.

[0084] (4) Records: Onset time: The shortest time from the completion of the injection to three consecutive negative acupuncture results; Duration of effect: from the time of onset of action to the time when a positive reaction reappears.

[0085] (5) Precautions The needle insertion depth should be controlled within 1 mm, stimulating only the dermal nerve endings to avoid bleeding. Six needle points should be inserted within the same papule, spaced 2 mm apart, and the procedure should be completed within 30 seconds. If significant redness and swelling of the papule or drug extravasation occurs, the data for that point should be discarded.

[0086] The results are shown in Table 2. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The bar chart visually displays the onset time of anesthesia and the total duration of anesthesia for each group.

[0087] Table 2 Results of the guinea pig intradermal papule test Note: " / " indicates that there is no data for this item.

[0088] This invention examines anesthesia experiments on different animals from multiple perspectives, including the onset time of anesthesia and the total duration of anesthesia.

[0089] Although the onset time and total duration of anesthesia vary among different animals, Tables 1 and 2 show similar patterns, as follows: The anesthetic drugs provided in Examples 1 to 6 of this invention have a short onset time and a relatively long total anesthesia duration, which can meet the needs of both rapid onset and long-lasting anesthesia.

[0090] Control group 1 consisted only of bupivacaine liposome injection. Most of the bupivacaine was encapsulated in liposomes, which provided a long-lasting anesthetic effect but did not produce a rapid onset of action. Although the bupivacaine liposome injection contained a small amount of free bupivacaine, the quantity was too small to produce a rapid anesthetic effect.

[0091] Control group 2 consisted of magnesium sulfate alone, which could quickly show an anesthetic effect, but the duration of anesthesia was very short.

[0092] Control group 3 consisted of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride alone, which had a shorter onset time of anesthesia than bupivacaine liposomes, but also a shorter duration of anesthesia.

[0093] Control group 4 involved the combined use of bupivacaine liposome injection and magnesium sulfate. Compared to control group 1, the use of magnesium sulfate shortened the onset time of anesthesia, and the total duration of anesthesia was longer when combined with the long-acting anesthetic effect of bupivacaine liposome. However, the onset time of anesthesia still needs to be improved and shortened.

[0094] Control group 5 consisted of bupivacaine liposome injection combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride. Compared to control group 1, the use of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride significantly shortened the onset time of anesthesia, and the total duration of anesthesia was longer when combined with the long-acting anesthetic effect of bupivacaine liposome.

[0095] Control groups 6 to 8 were used to examine the anesthetic effects of different combinations of auxiliary anesthetics. The results showed that although the total postoperative anesthesia time was relatively long, the onset time of anesthesia was still not ideal.

[0096] It should be noted that when numerical ranges are involved in this invention, it should be understood that both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. Since the steps and methods used are the same as in the embodiments, preferred embodiments are described in this invention to avoid redundancy. Although preferred embodiments of this invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once they understand the inventive concept of this invention, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of this invention.

[0097] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. If such modifications and variations fall within the scope of equivalents of this invention, then this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An anesthetic drug, characterized in that, It is prepared by mixing 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.5 to 1 part of magnesium sulfate, and 3 to 5 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in the indicated weight ratios. The concentration of bupivacaine liposomes in the bupivacaine liposome injection solution is 10 mg / mL to 15 mg / mL.

2. The anesthetic drug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of bupivacaine liposomes in the bupivacaine liposome injection solution is 13.3 mg / mL.

3. The anesthetic drug according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnesium sulfate is present in an amount of 0.6 to 0.9 parts by weight.

4. The anesthetic drug according to claim 3, characterized in that, The magnesium sulfate is 0.7 parts by weight.

5. The anesthetic drug according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dexmedetomidine hydrochloride is present in 4 parts by weight.

6. The anesthetic drug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anesthetic drug is used for analgesia after orthopedic surgery.

7. The anesthetic drug according to claim 6, characterized in that, The orthopedic surgery referred to is shoulder arthroscopy.

8. The method for preparing the anesthetic drug according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Prepare 1000 parts of bupivacaine liposome injection, 0.5 to 1 part of magnesium sulfate, and 3 to 5 parts of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride according to the following weight ratio; Mix the above raw materials evenly to obtain the anesthetic drug.

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