Mortar pipe filtering device

Abstract

The invention discloses a mortar pipe filtering device, which relates to the technical field of mortar conveying and pipeline filtering, and comprises a mortar pipe, a fixed bracket, a rotational flow pre-separation ring cavity, a lower sealing bin, an annular cleaning sleeve, a filtering cylinder, a piston plate, a flow guide core, a baffle ring, a sealing spring, a sealing conical rod, an opening and closing ring, a conical sealing ring and a recoil spring. A baffle ring on the periphery of the flow guide core limits the downward moving position of the flow guide core in the filter cylinder, and the top end of the filter cylinder is provided with an oblique angle matched with the rotational flow pre-separation annular cavity. The mortar slurry is subjected to rotational flow pre-separation and then is discharged through step-by-step filtration; in an installation state, the opening and closing ring extrudes the conical sealing ring to open the conical sealing ring, the conical sealing ring rebounds to seal the lower sealing bin after extrusion is removed during disassembly and washing, and the recoil spring is used for driving residual liquid to reversely wash the filter cartridge to be matched with the annular cleaning sleeve to complete cleaning. The device can give consideration to filtering, sealing, unpicking, washing and maintaining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mortar conveying and pipeline filtration technology, specifically a mortar pipe filtration device. Background Technology

[0002] During the multi-wire silicon wafer dicing process, mortar is typically transported continuously to the work site via pipelines. Since the mortar contains a certain proportion of aggregate particles, agglomerated particles, and impurities mixed in during construction, in addition to the liquid phase, a filter structure is usually installed in the transport path before the mortar enters the subsequent nozzles, valves, or fine pipelines to reduce the adverse effects of larger particles, agglomerates, and metallic foreign objects on downstream components.

[0003] Existing filtration structures in mortar pipelines mostly employ filter screens, filter cartridges, or filter elements directly installed at the interfaces for interception. While these structures can achieve a certain degree of particle screening of the mortar passing through the pipeline, larger particles, agglomerates, and high-density impurities in the mortar often directly impact the filtration area and gradually accumulate there. With prolonged use, the local flow resistance at the filtration point gradually increases, affecting the continuity of transport and, in severe cases, causing blockage in the filtration area, increasing the frequency of downtime for maintenance.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies include solutions to maintain filtration functionality by increasing the filtration area, improving the strength of the filter elements, or periodically disassembling and cleaning them. While these solutions can delay filter element failure under certain conditions, under continuous slurry transport, heavier impurities and larger particles will still initially concentrate near the filtration area, and the load on the filtration zone is not effectively diverted. When a significant amount of particles and adhesives have already adhered to the outer surface of the filter elements, simply relying on disassembly and cleaning after shutdown often only addresses the issue after blockage has formed, limiting the timeliness of maintenance. Existing filter structures also present another problem during the disassembly and cleaning maintenance phase. In some structures, the filter elements need to be directly removed from the pipeline during disassembly. During this process, residual slurry liquid and trapped impurities inside and outside the filter elements are prone to leakage or backflow, increasing maintenance contamination and potentially allowing trapped particles to re-enter the main pipeline or surrounding areas. For slurry conditions with both residual liquid and adhesive particles, if the disassembly and cleaning process lacks a controlled closed-loop and flow path switching process, once the filter elements are disassembled, internal deposits and sediments within the chamber are prone to disorderly migration.

[0005] Furthermore, while some existing filter structures can be manually disassembled and cleaned, the disassembly and cleaning process often involves simply removing the filter element as a whole and then rinsing it externally. There is a lack of a supporting structure for backwashing and mechanical cleaning of the filter area before disassembly. For fine particles and adhesive layers adhering to the filter surface or near the filter pores, external disassembly and cleaning alone is often insufficient to remove them from their working position in a timely manner. This causes the filter element to easily re-enter a high-resistance state within a short period after reassembly, affecting its reusability.

[0006] Therefore, there is still a need to provide a mortar pipe filtration device that can not only pre-separate heavier impurities before the mortar enters the filtration area and form a step-by-step filtration path from the outside to the inside during the filtration stage, but also complete the bottom sealing and flow path switching during the disassembly and washing stage, and then use the internal residual liquid to backwash the filtration area, and cooperate with mechanical cleaning to achieve controlled maintenance, so as to solve the problems of concentrated load on the filtration part, easy fall of sewage and impurities during disassembly and washing, and unstable maintenance effect in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a mortar pipe filtration device to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A mortar pipe filtration device includes a mortar pipe, a fixed support fixedly connected inside the mortar pipe, a vortex pre-separation annular cavity threadedly connected to the upper side of the mortar pipe above the fixed support, a lower sealing chamber provided at the bottom end of the vortex pre-separation annular cavity, a limit guide fit structure provided between the lower sealing chamber and the inner wall of the mortar pipe, an annular cleaning sleeve fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vortex pre-separation annular cavity, a filter cylinder slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular cleaning sleeve, the bottom end of the filter cylinder threadedly connected to the lower sealing chamber, and a top end of the filter cylinder provided with a connection to the vortex pre-separation annular cavity. The filter cartridge has a slanted joint with a separation ring cavity. A piston plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter cartridge. A guide core is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston plate. The outer circumference of the guide core is slidably connected to the filter cartridge. A retaining ring is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the guide core. The retaining ring is matched with the inner wall of the filter cartridge to limit the downward movement of the guide core relative to the filter cartridge. A sealing spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the retaining ring. A sealing cone rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sealing spring. The sealing cone rod is matched with the bottom end of the guide core. An opening and closing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the filter cartridge. A conical sealing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the lower sealing chamber at a position corresponding to the opening and closing ring. The sealing ring is an elastic conical sealing ring. The bottom end of the guide core penetrates the filter cylinder and extends to the lower side of the filter cylinder. A backflow spring is fixedly connected between the extended part and the bottom end of the filter cylinder. An annular space for slurry to flow in a swirling motion is formed between the swirling pre-separation ring cavity and the filter cylinder. The filter cylinder and the guide core are respectively provided with filtration channels for slurry to pass through. When the swirling pre-separation ring cavity is spun into the mortar pipe, the fixed bracket presses down on the sealing cone rod and compresses the sealing spring, so that a liquid outlet channel is formed between the sealing cone rod and the bottom end of the guide core, and the opening and closing ring squeezes the conical sealing ring and makes the conical seal... When the sealing ring is in the open state and the swirling pre-separation ring cavity moves in the reverse swirl direction, the fixed bracket releases the pressure on the sealing cone rod. The sealing spring drives the sealing cone rod to fit against the bottom end of the guide core to seal the bottom of the guide core. When the filter cartridge moves upward relative to the lower sealing chamber, the opening and closing ring releases the pressure on the conical sealing ring. The conical sealing ring rebounds under the action of elasticity and seals the lower sealing chamber. The recoil spring drives the guide core and piston plate to move downward relative to the filter cartridge so that the liquid between the filter cartridge and the guide core passes through the filter channel in the reverse direction and backwashes the filter cartridge.

[0009] The limiting and guiding structure enables the lower sealing chamber to move along the axial direction of the mortar pipe and restricts the rotation of the lower sealing chamber relative to the mortar pipe.

[0010] The cyclone pre-separation annular cavity is surrounded on the outside of the filter cylinder, and the lower sealing chamber is located below the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity, so that after the mortar slurry forms a cyclone between the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity and the filter cylinder, the heavier impurities move to the outer periphery and enter the lower sealing chamber.

[0011] The filter cylinder is located inside the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity, and the guide core is located inside the filter cylinder. After the mortar is pre-separated by the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity, it first enters the space between the filter cylinder and the guide core through the filter channel on the filter cylinder, and then enters the interior of the guide core through the filter channel on the guide core.

[0012] When the fixed bracket is located below the sealing cone and the swirling pre-separation annular cavity is in the screw-in state, the fixed bracket applies axial top pressure to the sealing cone to keep the liquid outlet channel between the sealing cone and the bottom of the guide core in the open state.

[0013] When the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity is in the reverse swirl state, the sealing spring pushes the sealing cone rod to fit against the bottom of the guide core, so as to seal the bottom of the guide core before the filter cartridge moves up.

[0014] The opening and closing ring is located at the bottom of the filter cartridge, and the conical sealing ring is located at the top of the lower storage chamber. When the opening and closing ring and the conical sealing ring are pressed together, the conical sealing ring is in the open state, and the lower storage chamber and the filter cartridge are in a connected state. When the filter cartridge moves upward relative to the lower storage chamber, the opening and closing ring releases the pressure on the conical sealing ring, and the conical sealing ring rebounds under the action of elasticity and seals the lower storage chamber.

[0015] After the recoil spring is spun into the mortar pipe in the swirl pre-separation annular cavity, it is in a compressed state. When the filter cylinder moves upward relative to the lower sealing chamber, the recoil spring releases its elastic force and pushes the piston plate and guide core downward.

[0016] When the bottom of the guide core is sealed by the sealing cone rod, the piston plate moves downward to squeeze the liquid between the filter cartridge and the guide core, so that the liquid flows back through the filter channel and backwashes the filter cartridge.

[0017] The annular cleaning sleeve slides against the outer wall of the filter cylinder. When the filter cylinder moves relative to the annular cleaning sleeve, the annular cleaning sleeve cleans the deposits on the outer surface of the filter cylinder. The retaining ring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the flow guide core. When the flow guide core moves downward under the drive of the recoil spring, the retaining ring engages with the inner wall of the filter cylinder to limit the downward movement of the flow guide core. The angled top of the filter cylinder engages with the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity when the filter cylinder moves upward, so that the filter cylinder and the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity form an upper sealing fit.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: In the mortar pipe filtration device of the present invention, the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity, the filter cylinder, and the lower sealing chamber form a pre-separation and filtration structure that is connected end to end. Before entering the filtration zone, the mortar slurry forms a cyclone between the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity and the filter cylinder. Heavier impurities migrate to the outer periphery under centrifugal force and gravity and enter the lower sealing chamber, thereby enabling larger particles, metallic foreign objects, and agglomerates to be preferentially separated before entering the filtration channel. Compared with structures where the mortar directly impacts the filtration section, this structure can reduce the impact load of large particles directly borne by the filter cylinder, slow down the clogging rate of the filtration zone, and make the flow state of the downstream filtration process more stable.

[0019] In this invention, a limiting guide fit structure is provided between the lower sealing chamber and the mortar pipe. This structure allows the lower sealing chamber to move axially along the mortar pipe during the assembly and disassembly of the vortex pre-separation annular cavity, while restricting the rotation of the lower sealing chamber relative to the mortar pipe. Therefore, during the installation, disassembly, and resetting of the device, the lower sealing chamber maintains a corresponding positional relationship with the filter cylinder, the opening and closing ring, and the conical sealing ring, avoiding unstable threaded connections, misalignment of the opening and closing fit, or jamming during assembly and disassembly caused by circumferential deflection. This structure ensures that the assembly and disassembly paths and the opening and closing switching paths of the device are consistent, which is beneficial to improving the assembly stability and engineering feasibility of the entire machine.

[0020] In this invention, filtration channels are respectively provided on the filter cylinder and the guide core. After the mortar slurry undergoes pre-separation by cyclone, it first enters the space between the filter cylinder and the guide core through the filtration channel on the filter cylinder, and then enters the interior of the guide core through the filtration channel on the guide core, thus forming a step-by-step filtration path from the outside to the inside. Since the slurry after pre-separation has already unloaded some of the heavy impurity load, and the filtration path adopts an outer layer filtration and inner layer filtration sequentially, the filtration effect can be distributed across two levels, reducing the concentrated load on a single filtration section, which is beneficial for maintaining the continuity of liquid output inside the guide core and improving the stability of the filtration path.

[0021] In this invention, a fixed bracket, a sealing spring, and a sealing cone form an automatic bottom opening and closing structure. When the device is in the installation state, the fixed bracket applies axial pressure to the sealing cone, creating a liquid outlet channel between the sealing cone and the bottom of the guide core. When the device enters the disassembly and cleaning state, the fixed bracket releases the pressure, and the sealing spring drives the sealing cone back to its original position, first sealing the bottom of the guide core. This structure ensures that the liquid outlet path remains open during normal operation, while simultaneously achieving bottom sealing during the initial disassembly and cleaning stage. This reduces the possibility of direct leakage of internal liquid during the initial disassembly and cleaning phase and establishes a closed boundary for subsequent backwashing.

[0022] In this invention, the opening / closing ring and the conical sealing ring constitute the opening / closing switching structure between the lower sealing chamber and the filter cartridge. When the device is in operation, the opening / closing ring compresses the conical sealing ring and keeps it in the open state, maintaining communication between the lower sealing chamber and the filter cartridge. When the filter cartridge moves upward relative to the lower sealing chamber, the opening / closing ring releases its compression on the conical sealing ring, which rebounds under elastic force and seals the lower sealing chamber. Through this switching relationship, impurities in the lower sealing chamber no longer maintain free communication with the inside of the filter cartridge during disassembly and washing, which helps to reduce the reverse return of collected impurities to the filtration area and makes the internal flow path more clearly defined during disassembly and washing.

[0023] In this invention, a retaining ring is disposed on the outer periphery of the guide core and also serves as a limiting ring. When the filter cartridge moves upward during disassembly and cleaning, and the recoil spring releases its force to push the guide core and piston plate downward, the retaining ring forms a limiting engagement with the inner wall of the filter cartridge, restricting the maximum downward movement of the guide core. Thus, the recoil stroke of the guide core and piston plate can be kept within a preset range, which not only helps ensure stable compression of the filtration area by residual liquid but also prevents excessive downward movement of the guide core, thus avoiding operational instability or increased internal impact.

[0024] In this invention, the conical sealing ring is an elastic conical sealing ring. After the device is installed, it is in the open state due to compression by the opening and closing ring. When the filter cartridge moves upward relative to the lower sealing chamber, the opening and closing ring releases the compression on the conical sealing ring, and the conical sealing ring rebounds upward under its own elastic force, forming a seal on the lower sealing chamber. Compared with structures that rely solely on rigid adhesion to achieve opening and closing, this structure can establish the chamber sealing boundary more quickly during disassembly and washing switching, which helps reduce the possibility of impurities and residual liquid in the chamber flowing back into the filtration area.

[0025] In this invention, a backwash spring, a piston plate, and a guide core constitute a built-in backwash mechanism. When the filter cartridge moves upward relative to the lower sealing chamber, the backwash spring releases its elastic force, pushing the piston plate and guide core downward relative to the filter cartridge, thereby compressing the residual liquid between the filter cartridge and the guide core. With the bottom of the guide core sealed by the sealing cone, this portion of liquid can only flow backward through the filtration channel and backwash the filter cartridge. Therefore, this invention can utilize the residual liquid inside the device to complete the backwashing without external backwashing power, which helps reduce the complexity of disassembly and cleaning preparation and improves the declogging ability of the filtration area before disassembly.

[0026] In this invention, the top of the filter cartridge is provided with an angled section that mates with the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity. As the filter cartridge continues to move upward during the disassembly and cleaning process, the angled section and the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity form an upper mating seal. Therefore, the device simultaneously possesses three controlled boundaries—bottom sealing, chamber sealing, and upper mating seal—in the later stages of disassembly and cleaning. This helps reduce the risk of disordered internal liquid flow and contaminant leakage before disassembly, and improves the stability of the overall disassembly and cleaning action chain.

[0027] In this invention, the annular cleaning sleeve slides against the outer wall of the filter cartridge. When the filter cartridge moves relative to the annular cleaning sleeve, the sleeve mechanically cleans the deposits on the outer surface of the filter cartridge. This cleaning action is synchronized with the backwashing action driven by the backwash spring. The inner side of the filter area is first flushed by the reverse liquid flow, while the outer surface is simultaneously mechanically scraped, further detaching the loosened particles and adhesive layers from the filter cartridge surface. Through the synergistic effect of liquid backwashing and mechanical cleaning, the integrity of the blockage removal is improved, and it facilitates subsequent cleaning and repositioning after overall disassembly.

[0028] In this invention, cyclone pre-separation, staged filtration, automatic bottom opening and closing, opening and closing switching, backwashing, and mechanical cleaning are integrated into a single device structure chain. The components work in a continuous coordinated manner across installation, operation, and disassembly / cleaning states. Therefore, the device can not only complete impurity pre-separation and slurry filtration during normal transport, but also perform controlled disassembly / cleaning during maintenance, following the sequence of bottom sealing, flow path switching, backwashing, synchronous cleaning, and final removal. This structural relationship helps reduce the risk of wastewater leakage during disassembly / cleaning, minimizes the possibility of impurities falling back into the main pipeline, and improves the reusability and maintenance convenience of the filter components. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention; Figure 3 The usage state of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 4 The usage state of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 5 The usage state of the present invention Figure 3 ; Figure 6 The usage state of the present invention Figure 4 ; Figure 7 The usage state of the present invention Figure 5 ; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the entire invention; Figure 9 This is a partial exploded view of the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of the labels in the diagram 1. Mortar pipe; 2. Fixed bracket; 3. Swirl pre-separation annular cavity; 4. Lower sealing chamber; 5. Annular cleaning sleeve; 6. Filter cylinder; 7. Piston plate; 8. Guide core; 9. Baffle ring; 10. Sealing spring; 11. Sealing cone rod; 12. Opening and closing ring; 13. Conical sealing ring; 14. Backlash spring. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the directional concepts of "left", "right", "up", "down", "front", "back", "inner", and "outer" in the following scheme are all relative directions, and will not be listed one by one here.

[0033] Example 1 This embodiment provides a mortar pipe filtration device, installed at the location of mortar pipe 1 in a mortar conveying pipeline. A fixed bracket 2 is fixedly installed inside the mortar pipe 1. The fixed bracket 2 provides axial support for the sealing cone rod 11 when the device is installed, and serves as a positioning reference after the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3, the lower sealing chamber 4, and the filter cylinder 6 are assembled. The mortar pipe 1 is threadedly connected to the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 at the upper side of the fixed bracket 2. The lower sealing chamber 4 is located at the bottom end of the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3, and a limiting guide fit structure is provided between the lower sealing chamber 4 and the inner wall of the mortar pipe 1. In this embodiment, the limiting guide fit structure is composed of a guide portion located on the outer periphery of the lower sealing chamber 4 and a limiting portion located on the inner wall of the mortar pipe 1. The guide portion extends axially along the mortar pipe 1, and the limiting portion fits snugly against the guide portion, allowing the lower sealing chamber 4 to move axially along the mortar pipe 1 and restricting the rotation of the lower sealing chamber 4 relative to the mortar pipe 1.

[0034] An annular cleaning sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3, and the annular cleaning sleeve 5 surrounds the outer side of the filter cylinder 6. The inner wall of the annular cleaning sleeve 5 and the outer wall of the filter cylinder 6 are slidably fitted, and the fit clearance between them is determined according to the principle of ensuring axial movement of the filter cylinder 6 and that the annular cleaning sleeve 5 can be close to the outer surface of the filter cylinder 6. In this embodiment, the radial fit clearance between the annular cleaning sleeve 5 and the filter cylinder 6 is set to 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm to balance assembly smoothness and scraping stability. The bottom end of the filter cylinder 6 is threadedly connected to the lower sealing chamber 4, and the top end of the filter cylinder 6 is provided with an oblique angle that fits with the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3. A piston plate 7 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter cylinder 6, and a guide core 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston plate 7. The outer periphery of the guide core 8 is slidably connected to the filter cylinder 6. A retaining ring 9 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the flow guide core 8. The retaining ring 9 acts as a limiting ring and cooperates with the inner wall of the filter cylinder 6 to limit the downward movement of the flow guide core 8 relative to the filter cylinder 6. A sealing spring 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the retaining ring 9, and a sealing cone rod 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sealing spring 10. The sealing cone rod 11 is configured to cooperate with the bottom end of the flow guide core 8. An opening and closing ring 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the filter cylinder 6. A conical sealing ring 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the lower sealing chamber 4 at a position corresponding to the opening and closing ring 12. The conical sealing ring 13 is an elastic conical sealing ring. The bottom end of the flow guide core 8 penetrates through the filter cylinder 6 and extends to the lower side of the filter cylinder 6. A recoil spring 14 is fixedly connected between the extended part and the bottom end of the filter cylinder 6.

[0035] In this embodiment, an annular space is formed between the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the filter cylinder 6, which serves as the cyclone pre-separation channel for the mortar slurry. The filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8 are respectively provided with filtration channels for the mortar slurry to pass through. These filtration channels are formed by an array of permeable holes penetrating the wall. To ensure that the mortar slurry can complete pre-separation before staged filtration, the filtration channels on the filter cylinder 6 are distributed along the circumference and axial direction of the filter cylinder 6, and the filtration channels on the guide core 8 are located in the corresponding area on the outer periphery of the guide core 8. This allows the slurry to first enter the space between the filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8, and then enter the interior of the guide core 8. In this embodiment, the aperture of the filtration channels on the filter cylinder 6 is set to 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, and the aperture of the filtration channels on the guide core 8 is set to 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm. The aperture of the filtration channels on the guide core 8 is not larger than the aperture of the filtration channels on the filter cylinder 6, thus forming a staged filtration relationship from the outside to the inside.

[0036] Both the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the filter cylinder 6 have working parts at their upper ends. During assembly, tools are used to apply rotational force to the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the filter cylinder 6 respectively. During installation, the filter cylinder 6, piston plate 7, guide core 8, retaining ring 9, sealing spring 10, sealing cone rod 11, opening and closing ring 12, conical sealing ring 13, and recoil spring 14 are first assembled between the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the lower sealing chamber 4 to form a complete filter assembly. Then, the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 is screwed in from the upper end of the mortar pipe 1. During the downward screwing of the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3, the lower sealing chamber 4 moves synchronously downward along the axial direction under the constraint of the limiting and guiding fit structure without circumferential rotation. As the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 continues to move downward, the bottom end of the sealing cone rod 11 contacts the top end of the fixed bracket 2. After further screwing in, the sealing cone rod 11 undergoes axial displacement relative to the guide core 8, and the sealing spring 10 is compressed. A liquid outlet channel is formed between the bottom end of the guide core 8 and the sealing cone rod 11. At the same time, the recoil spring 14 is compressed and stored, and the opening and closing ring 12 squeezes the conical sealing ring 13 and puts the conical sealing ring 13 in the open state, so that the lower sealing chamber 4 and the filter cylinder 6 are in a connected state, and the device enters the working state.

[0037] The working process is described below. After the mortar slurry enters the annular space between the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the filter cylinder 6, it forms a composite flow that rotates circumferentially and flows axially downward along the outer periphery of the filter cylinder 6. Higher density particles, metallic foreign matter, and agglomerates migrate towards the area near the inner wall of the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 under centrifugal force and gravity, and then enter the lower sealing chamber 4. The slurry after pre-separation continues to flow towards the outer wall of the filter cylinder 6, and enters the space between the filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8 through the filtration channel on the filter cylinder 6. It then enters the interior of the guide core 8 through the filtration channel on the guide core 8, and finally flows out through the outlet channel between the bottom end of the guide core 8 and the sealing cone rod 11. Thus, the device completes one working cycle of "cyclone pre-separation, staged filtration, and bottom guide discharge".

[0038] During continuous operation, the lower sealing chamber 4 is used to collect heavier impurities pre-separated by the cyclone. Fine particles and adhesives will gradually adhere to the outer surface of the filter cylinder 6 and around its filter channels. The operator can determine whether disassembly and cleaning are needed by observing the continuity of slurry discharge, checking the adhesion on the outer surface of the filter cylinder 6, or according to the preset maintenance cycle. In this embodiment, for conventional mortar conveying conditions, the maintenance cycle after a single continuous operation is preset to 4 to 8 hours; when the proportion of aggregate in the mortar increases or the adhesion is enhanced, the maintenance cycle is adjusted to 2 to 4 hours. The above maintenance cycle is used as the default engineering value to arrange the disassembly and cleaning time, and is not the only limiting condition for the operation of the device.

[0039] During disassembly and cleaning, a reverse rotational force is first applied to the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3, causing the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the lower sealing chamber 4 to move upward as a whole. As the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 moves upward, the fixed bracket 2 no longer continuously presses against the sealing cone rod 11, the sealing spring 10 releases its elastic force, and drives the sealing cone rod 11 to adhere to the bottom end of the guide core 8, thereby sealing the bottom of the guide core 8 first. If it is found that the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 has moved upward but the sealing cone rod 11 has not yet adhered to the bottom end of the guide core 8, then a reverse rotational force is continued to be applied to the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 until the sealing cone rod 11 and the bottom end of the guide core 8 form a stable fit before proceeding to the subsequent disassembly and cleaning steps, in order to prevent the internal liquid from leaking directly from the bottom.

[0040] After the bottom of the guide core 8 is sealed, a rotational force is applied to the filter cylinder 6, causing it to move upward relative to the lower sealing chamber 4. As the filter cylinder 6 moves upward, the opening and closing ring 12 releases the pressure on the conical sealing ring 13, which then springs back upward under elastic force and seals the lower sealing chamber 4. Since the recoil spring 14 has been compressed and stored energy in the installed state, after the filter cylinder 6 moves upward, the recoil spring 14 releases its elastic force and pushes the guide core 8 and piston plate 7 downward within the filter cylinder 6. When the guide core 8 moves downward to the set position, the retaining ring 9 engages with the inner wall of the filter cylinder 6 to limit the downward movement of the guide core 8. When the piston plate 7 moves downward, it compresses the liquid remaining between the inner side of the filter cylinder 6 and the outer periphery of the guide core 8. Since the bottom of the guide core 8 has been sealed by the sealing cone rod 11, this part of the liquid cannot be discharged downwards. It can only pass in the opposite direction through the filter channel on the guide core 8 and the filter cylinder 6, and re-enter the annular space between the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the filter cylinder 6, thereby forming a backwash from the inside to the outside of the filter cylinder 6.

[0041] During backwashing, the filter cylinder 6 moves axially relative to the annular cleaning sleeve 5. The annular cleaning sleeve 5 scrapes away the deposits on the outer surface of the filter cylinder 6, further removing the loosened blockages from the surface of the filter cylinder 6. The detached particles fall back into the lower sealing chamber 4 under gravity or are discharged with the disassembled components. Continue rotating the filter cylinder 6 until it moves to a position that mates with the upper end of the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3. At this point, the bevel at the top of the filter cylinder 6 mates with the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3, forming an upper sealing seal. Since the bottom of the guide core 8 has been sealed by the sealing cone rod 11, and an upper sealing seal has been formed, the inside of the device is in a relatively closed state. The operator then continues to rotate out the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 to remove the entire component from the mortar pipe 1, empty the impurities in the lower sealing chamber 4, and rinse or replace the filter cylinder 6. After cleaning, reassemble in reverse order, and the device enters the next working cycle.

[0042] In this embodiment, the annular space between the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the filter cylinder 6 first guides the mortar slurry circumferentially, causing heavier impurities to migrate outwards and settle before entering the filtration area, thereby reducing the impact load of large particles directly borne by the filter cylinder 6. The filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8 are respectively provided with filtration channels. The slurry first passes through the filter cylinder 6 and then through the guide core 8, so that the filtration is completed step by step from the outside to the inside. Therefore, it can improve the interception capacity of fine particles while maintaining the continuity of liquid outflow inside the guide core 8. The pressing of the fixed bracket 2 on the sealing cone rod 11 causes the device to automatically open the bottom liquid outflow channel in the installed state, while the squeezing of the opening and closing ring 12 on the conical sealing ring 13 keeps the lower sealing chamber 4 and the filter cylinder 6 open and connected. After entering the disassembly and cleaning stage, the sealing spring 10 pushes the sealing cone rod 11 back to its original position, first sealing the bottom of the guide core 8. After the opening and closing ring 12 releases the compression, the conical sealing ring 13 rebounds on its own and forms a seal on the lower sealing chamber 4. This ensures that the internal liquid will not be directly released before the backflushing action during disassembly and cleaning, and that impurities in the chamber are not easily backflowed. The elastic potential energy stored in the backflushing spring 14 in the installed state is released after the filter cylinder 6 moves upward, driving the piston plate 7 and the guide core 8 to move downward relative to the filter cylinder 6. The retaining ring 9 restricts the downward movement endpoint of the guide core 8, so that the residual liquid can only pass through the filter channel in reverse within the controlled stroke and flush the filter area. The angled top of the filter cylinder 6 cooperates with the vortex pre-separation ring cavity 3 to form an upper seal during the subsequent upward movement. The relative displacement of the annular cleaning sleeve 5 and the filter cylinder 6 provides a mechanical scraping action in addition to the liquid backflushing. The two work together to complete the removal of blockages and preparation for disassembly and cleaning.

[0043] In a mortar conveying pipeline with a rated inner diameter of 80 mm, the device of this embodiment is installed at the mortar pipe 1. After installation, the sealing cone rod 11 is pressed by the fixed bracket 2 to open the bottom liquid outlet channel. The opening and closing ring 12 squeezes the conical sealing ring 13 and puts it in the open state. The lower sealing chamber 4 is connected to the filter cylinder 6, and the recoil spring 14 is in the compressed state. After the mortar enters the vortex pre-separation ring cavity 3, a vortex is formed on the outer periphery of the filter cylinder 6. The heavier particles enter the lower sealing chamber 4, and the remaining mortar is filtered through the filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8 in sequence before being discharged. After 6 hours of continuous operation, the operator performs disassembly and cleaning. First, the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 is rotated out in the reverse direction, causing the sealing cone rod 11 to return to its original position and seal the bottom of the guide core 8. Then, the filter cylinder 6 is moved upward, and the opening and closing ring 12 releases the pressure on the conical sealing ring 13. The conical sealing ring 13 rebounds and forms a seal on the lower sealing chamber 4. The backlash spring 14 releases its elastic force to drive the piston plate 7 and the guide core 8 downward, and the retaining ring 9 restricts the downward movement of the guide core 8. The residual liquid flows backward through the filter channel and backwashes the filter cylinder 6. At the same time, the annular cleaning sleeve 5 scrapes the outer surface of the filter cylinder 6. After the bevel at the top of the filter cylinder 6 forms an upper fitting seal with the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3, the entire assembly is disassembled. After cleaning, it is reassembled, and the next round of mortar conveying operation can be resumed.

[0044] Example 2 This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, further elaborates on the limiting and guiding fit structure between the lower sealing chamber 4 and the mortar pipe 1, the swirling flow formation path between the swirling pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the filter cylinder 6, and the step-by-step filtration path between the filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8. The structural connection relationships not specifically described in this embodiment, the limiting relationship of the guide core 8's outer peripheral retaining ring 9 on the downward movement position, the fit between the beveled top angle of the filter cylinder 6 and the swirling pre-separation annular cavity 3, the elastic opening and closing relationship between the opening and closing ring 12 and the conical sealing ring 13, the assembly sequence, and the disassembly and cleaning process are all consistent with Embodiment 1.

[0045] In this embodiment, the limiting and guiding fit structure between the lower sealing chamber 4 and the inner wall of the mortar pipe 1 is formed by an axial guiding fit. Specifically, two relatively distributed elongated guide sections are provided on the outer periphery of the lower sealing chamber 4 along the axial direction, and the inner wall of the mortar pipe 1 is provided with a limiting guide surface corresponding to the elongated guide sections. The axial length of the elongated guide section is greater than the maximum displacement stroke between the installed state and the disassembled state of the vortex pre-separation annular cavity 3. The limiting guide surface and the elongated guide section maintain a close sliding relationship, so that the lower sealing chamber 4 always moves along the axial direction of the mortar pipe 1 when it moves up and down with the vortex pre-separation annular cavity 3, and will not circumferentially deflect with the rotation of the vortex pre-separation annular cavity 3. In order to balance guiding stability and assembly smoothness, in this embodiment, the single-sided fitting gap between the elongated guide section and the limiting guide surface is preset to 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm, and the effective axial length of the elongated guide section is preset to 25 mm to 60 mm.

[0046] The aforementioned limiting and guiding structure serves to convert the threaded in-and-out motion of the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 into the axial synchronous movement of the lower sealing chamber 4. This ensures that the lower sealing chamber 4 maintains its circumferential positional relationship with the filter cylinder 6 and the opening / closing ring 12 when switching between the installation, working, and disassembly / cleaning states. It also provides a stable axial alignment foundation for the subsequent sealing of the filter cylinder 6's top bevel with the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3. If the lower sealing chamber 4 undergoes circumferential deflection during rotation, the stability of the threaded connection between the bottom of the filter cylinder 6 and the lower sealing chamber 4 will decrease, and the mating position of the opening / closing ring 12 and the conical sealing ring 13 will also shift. Therefore, in this embodiment, the circumferential degree of freedom of the lower sealing chamber 4 relative to the mortar pipe 1 is restricted to zero, retaining only the axial displacement degree of freedom.

[0047] In this embodiment, the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 surrounds the outside of the filter cylinder 6, forming an annular space between them. The upper inlet of the annular space is set in an eccentric introduction manner, that is, after the mortar enters the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3, it does not rush directly towards the filtration area along the radial direction of the filter cylinder 6, but first enters the annular space along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3. Since a closed annular flow channel is formed between the inner wall of the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the outer wall of the filter cylinder 6, the mortar enters and forms a composite flow that rotates circumferentially and is accompanied by axial downward flow around the outer periphery of the filter cylinder 6. During this flow process, high-density particles, metallic foreign objects, and larger agglomerates in the mortar gradually gather towards the area close to the inner wall of the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 under the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity, and after leaving the mainstream in the lower part of the annular space, they enter the lower sealing chamber 4.

[0048] To ensure the stability of the cyclone pre-separation, in this embodiment, the radial width of the annular space between the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the filter cylinder 6 is preset to 2 mm to 8 mm, and the axial effective length is preset to 30 mm to 100 mm. When the radial width of the annular space is less than 2 mm, the flow resistance of the mortar increases after entering the annular space, which can easily cause excessive local pressure drop at the inlet; when the radial width of the annular space is greater than 8 mm, the constraint of the mortar around the outer periphery of the filter cylinder 6 is weakened, which is not conducive to the formation of a stable cyclone. When the axial effective length is less than 30 mm, the settling path of heavy impurities after migrating along the outer periphery is insufficient, making it difficult for them to enter the lower sealing chamber 4 before reaching the filtration area; when the axial effective length is greater than 100 mm, the overall structural length increases, which is not conducive to installation in conventional mortar conveying pipelines. The above size range is a default value for engineering and can be adjusted within this range according to the mortar particle size distribution and conveying flow rate.

[0049] After cyclone pre-separation, the slurry flows from the inside of the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 to the outer wall of the filter cylinder 6. The filter channels on the filter cylinder 6 are uniformly distributed along its circumference and axial direction, while the filter channels on the guide core 8 are distributed along their corresponding outer circumference regions. To ensure a clear and feasible filtration path, in this embodiment, the filter channels on the filter cylinder 6 employ a multi-row through-hole structure, with each row of through-holes spaced axially, and the filter channels on the guide core 8 employ a uniformly distributed through-hole structure along its circumference. The slurry first passes through the filter channels on the filter cylinder 6 into the space between the filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8, then passes through the filter channels on the guide core 8 into the interior of the guide core 8, and finally exits through the bottom end of the guide core 8. Since the aperture of the filter channels on the guide core 8 is no larger than the aperture of the filter channels on the filter cylinder 6, a step-by-step filtration relationship is formed where "the outer layer first intercepts larger residual particles, and the inner layer then intercepts finer particles."

[0050] In this embodiment, the aperture of the filter channel on the filter cartridge 6 is preset to 0.8 mm, and can be adjusted within the range of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm; the aperture of the filter channel on the guide core 8 is preset to 0.5 mm, and can be adjusted within the range of 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm. The center distance between adjacent filter channels on the filter cartridge 6 in the axial direction is preset to 3 mm to 8 mm, and the equivalent opening spacing in the circumferential direction is preset to 2 mm to 6 mm. The equivalent opening spacing of the filter channels on the guide core 8 in the circumferential direction is preset to 2 mm to 5 mm. The principle for setting the above parameters is: the filter cartridge 6 is responsible for undertaking the main filtration task after cyclone pre-separation, so the total opening area of ​​the filter channel is relatively large; the guide core 8 is responsible for further purification and stable flow guidance, so the aperture of the filter channel is smaller and more uniformly distributed.

[0051] The following describes the working process of this embodiment. After the device is assembled, the mortar slurry first enters the annular space between the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the filter cylinder 6. Under the combined action of eccentric introduction and the constraint of the surrounding flow channel, the slurry forms a stable cyclone around the outer periphery of the filter cylinder 6. Heavier particles migrate to the outer periphery and enter the lower sealing chamber 4, while lighter slurry continues to flow along the outer surface of the filter cylinder 6. When the slurry reaches the outer wall of the filter cylinder 6, it first enters the space between the filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8 through the filtration channel on the filter cylinder 6, and then enters the interior of the guide core 8 through the filtration channel on the guide core 8 and is discharged. Thus, the working path of the mortar slurry in this embodiment is clearly defined as "introduction from the outside of the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 -> cyclone separation in the annular space -> collection of heavy impurities in the lower sealing chamber 4 -> first filtration in the filter cylinder 6 -> second filtration in the guide core 8 -> discharge from the interior of the guide core 8".

[0052] During continuous operation, if the proportion of heavy particles in the mortar increases, more particles will accumulate in the outer periphery of the annular space and enter the lower sealing chamber 4. If the proportion of fine particles in the mortar increases, more fine particles after cyclone pre-separation will remain in the filtration channel area of ​​the filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8. In this embodiment, to balance pre-separation efficiency and filtration continuity, the radial width of the annular space and the aperture of the filtration channel are allowed to be adjusted according to the particle size distribution of the mortar aggregate. When the content of larger particles in the mortar increases, the radial width of the annular space is adjusted to 4 mm to 8 mm, and the aperture of the filtration channel on the filter cylinder 6 is adjusted to 1.0 mm to 1.5 mm. When the content of fine particles and adhesive components in the mortar increases, the radial width of the annular space is adjusted to 2 mm to 4 mm, and the aperture of the filtration channel on the guide core 8 is adjusted to 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm. The above adjustment rules ensure that cyclone pre-separation and step-by-step filtration are carried out under the same working mechanism.

[0053] In this embodiment, the limiting and guiding fit structure between the lower sealing chamber 4 and the mortar pipe 1 ensures the axial displacement stability of the lower sealing chamber 4 during the assembly and disassembly of the device. This ensures that the threaded connection between the filter cylinder 6 and the lower sealing chamber 4, as well as the fit position between the opening and closing ring 12 and the conical sealing ring 13, always remain corresponding, and that the angled top of the filter cylinder 6 can stably align with the vortex pre-separation annular cavity 3 after its upward movement. The vortex pre-separation annular cavity 3 surrounds the outside of the filter cylinder 6 and forms a stable vortex through eccentric introduction and surrounding flow channels, causing heavy impurities to migrate to the outer periphery and enter the lower sealing chamber 4 before entering the filtration area. The filtration channels on the filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8 then perform two-stage filtration on the pre-separated slurry, preventing most heavy impurities from directly impacting the inner filtration area, thereby improving the continuity and stability of the filtration path. Through the combination of "axial limiting and guiding, outer vortex pre-separation, and inner staged filtration," the device improves the controllability and stability of the filtration path without changing the basic structural chain.

[0054] The device of this embodiment is installed in a mortar conveying pipeline with a rated inner diameter of 80 mm. The radial width of the annular space is set to 5 mm, the pore size of the filter channel on the filter cylinder 6 is set to 0.8 mm, and the pore size of the filter channel on the guide core 8 is set to 0.5 mm. When the device is running, the mortar enters the annular space between the vortex pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the filter cylinder 6 along the eccentric inlet direction, forming a vortex around the outer periphery of the filter cylinder 6. Heavy particles migrate to the outer periphery and enter the lower sealing chamber 4, while the remaining mortar continues to flow towards the outer wall of the filter cylinder 6 and enters the interior of the guide core 8 through the filter channels of the filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8 in sequence before being discharged. When the proportion of fine particles in the conveyed mortar increases, the aperture of the filter channel on the guide core 8 is adjusted to 0.4 mm, and the radial width of the annular space is adjusted to 3 mm to ensure a stable connection between the pre-separation path and the filtration path. When the proportion of larger particles in the conveyed mortar increases, the radial width of the annular space is adjusted to 6 mm, and the aperture of the filter channel on the filter cylinder 6 is adjusted to 1.2 mm to ensure that heavy particles preferentially enter the lower sealing chamber 4 rather than being directly retained on the outer surface of the filter cylinder 6. Through the above adjustments, this embodiment maintains the same limiting guidance, swirling pre-separation, and step-by-step filtration working chain under different mortar particle compositions.

[0055] Example 3 This embodiment, based on Embodiments 1 and 2, further elaborates on the following aspects: the conduction and sealing switching relationship between the fixed bracket 2 and the sealing cone rod 11; the opening and closing switching relationship between the opening and closing ring 12 and the conical sealing ring 13; the restriction relationship of the retaining ring 9 on the downward movement position of the guide core 8; the sealing relationship between the oblique angle at the top of the filter cylinder 6 and the swirling pre-separation annular cavity 3; the backwashing process formed by the action of the backwash spring 14 driving the piston plate 7 and the guide core 8; and the collaborative cleaning process of the annular cleaning sleeve 5 on the outer surface of the filter cylinder 6. The basic assembly relationships, limiting and guiding fit structures, swirling formation paths, and step-by-step filtration paths not specifically described in this embodiment are consistent with those in Embodiments 1 and 2.

[0056] In this embodiment, the fixed bracket 2 is located below the sealing cone rod 11, and the sealing cone rod 11 and the bottom end of the guide core 8 are axially open and closed. When the swirling pre-separation annular cavity 3 is in the screw-in state, the fixed bracket 2 applies axial pressure to the sealing cone rod 11, the sealing spring 10 is in a compressed state, and the liquid outlet channel between the sealing cone rod 11 and the bottom end of the guide core 8 remains open. To ensure stable conduction of the liquid outlet channel during operation, in this embodiment, the installation pre-compression amount of the sealing spring 10 is set to 2 mm to 6 mm, and the continuous pressure stroke formed by the fixed bracket 2 on the sealing cone rod 11 is set to 1.5 mm to 4 mm. When the aforementioned continuous pressure stroke is less than 1.5 mm, the opening gap between the sealing cone rod 11 and the bottom end of the guide core 8 is unstable; when the aforementioned continuous pressure stroke is greater than 4 mm, the sealing spring 10 is in an over-compressed state, which is not conducive to the rapid return and sealing of the initial disassembly and cleaning section.

[0057] A retaining ring 9 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the flow guide core 8. The retaining ring 9 acts as a limiting ring and forms a limiting fit with the inner wall of the filter cylinder 6. In this embodiment, the limiting end gap between the retaining ring 9 and the inner wall of the filter cylinder 6 is set to 0 mm to 0.3 mm. This is used to limit the maximum downward stroke of the flow guide core 8 after the recoil spring 14 is released, so that the downward movement of the piston plate 7 and the flow guide core 8 is stably terminated at a preset position. The top of the filter cylinder 6 is provided with an oblique angle that cooperates with the swirling pre-separation annular cavity 3. The cone angle of the oblique angle is set to 20 degrees to 45 degrees, so as to form a stable upper fit seal after the filter cylinder 6 moves upward.

[0058] A closing ring 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter cartridge 6, and a conical sealing ring 13 is fixedly connected to the corresponding position at the top of the lower sealing chamber 4. The conical sealing ring 13 is an elastic conical sealing ring. In this embodiment, the closing ring 12 and the conical sealing ring 13 form an axial pressing fit. When they are in the pressing state, the closing ring 12 squeezes the conical sealing ring 13 and keeps it in the open state, maintaining communication between the lower sealing chamber 4 and the filter cartridge 6. When the filter cartridge 6 moves upward relative to the lower sealing chamber 4, the closing ring 12 releases the compression of the conical sealing ring 13, and the conical sealing ring 13 rebounds upward under its own elastic force and seals the lower sealing chamber 4. To ensure smooth opening and closing switching, in this embodiment, the axial relative switching stroke of the closing ring 12 and the conical sealing ring 13 is set to 3 mm to 10 mm, and the axial clamping amount when they form a stable seal is set to 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0059] The bottom end of the guide core 8 penetrates through the filter cylinder 6 and extends to the lower side of the filter cylinder 6. A recoil spring 14 is fixedly connected between the extended portion and the bottom end of the filter cylinder 6. In this embodiment, the recoil spring 14 is in a compressed and stored state after the device is installed. The pre-compression amount of the recoil spring 14 is set to 4 mm to 12 mm, and the effective driving stroke after the recoil spring 14 is released is set to 3 mm to 8 mm. The effective driving stroke is used to push the piston plate 7 and the guide core 8 downward within the filter cylinder 6, and to compress the residual liquid between the filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8. The sliding fit clearance between the piston plate 7 and the inner wall of the filter cylinder 6 is set to 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm to ensure that the piston plate 7 can move downward stably and to exert sufficient compression on the residual liquid.

[0060] In this embodiment, the annular cleaning sleeve 5 slides against the outer wall of the filter cylinder 6, and the effective contact length of the annular cleaning sleeve 5 along the axial direction of the filter cylinder 6 is set to 8 mm to 20 mm. In order to ensure that the annular cleaning sleeve 5 remains close to the outer surface of the filter cylinder 6 and forms a mechanical cleaning effect when the filter cylinder 6 moves upward, the radial clearance between the inner wall of the annular cleaning sleeve 5 and the outer wall of the filter cylinder 6 is maintained at 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm, and the annular cleaning sleeve 5 covers the main filtration area of ​​the filter cylinder 6 throughout the entire stroke of the filter cylinder 6 moving upward in the axial direction.

[0061] When the device is in normal filtration mode, the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 is spun into the mortar pipe 1, and the fixed bracket 2 continuously presses against the sealing cone rod 11, keeping the liquid outlet channel open between the sealing cone rod 11 and the bottom end of the guide core 8. The opening and closing ring 12 squeezes the conical sealing ring 13 and keeps the conical sealing ring 13 in the open state, thereby keeping the lower sealing chamber 4 connected to the filter cylinder 6, and the recoil spring 14 in a compressed and energy-storing state. The mortar slurry is transported according to the cyclone pre-separation and step-by-step filtration path described in Examples 1 and 2.

[0062] When disassembly and cleaning are required, first stop the mortar delivery, then apply a reverse rotational force to the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3. As the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 begins to move in the reverse rotation direction, the top pressure of the fixed bracket 2 on the sealing cone rod 11 gradually decreases, the sealing spring 10 releases its elastic force and pushes the sealing cone rod 11 back to its original position. As the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 continues to move upward, the sealing cone rod 11 comes into contact with the bottom end of the guide core 8, and the bottom of the guide core 8 is sealed first. After this sealing action is completed, the bottom of the device no longer has a free liquid outlet path, thus establishing a closed boundary for subsequent backwashing.

[0063] In this embodiment, the sealing action takes precedence over the upward movement of the filter cartridge 6. After the operator reverses the rotation of the pre-separation annular cavity 3, they first check whether the sealing cone 11 has formed a stable fit with the bottom end of the guide core 8. The criteria for stable fit are: when the reverse rotation position is maintained, no visible dripping liquid appears at the bottom of the guide core 8, and the axial relative position between the sealing cone 11 and the bottom end of the guide core 8 no longer changes. If this criteria are not met, the reverse rotational force is continued to be applied to the pre-separation annular cavity 3 until the sealing is completed before proceeding to the next step. This sequential control avoids uncontrolled leakage during the initial upward movement of the filter cartridge 6.

[0064] After the bottom of the guide core 8 is sealed, a rotational force is applied to the filter cartridge 6, causing it to move upward relative to the lower sealing chamber 4. As the filter cartridge 6 moves upward, the opening and closing ring 12 gradually releases the pressure on the conical sealing ring 13. Under the action of elasticity, the conical sealing ring 13 rebounds upward, gradually narrowing the communication path between the lower sealing chamber 4 and the filter cartridge 6, and then entering a sealed state after the filter cartridge 6 continues to move upward. During this process, the collected impurities in the lower sealing chamber 4 no longer maintain free communication with the inside of the filter cartridge 6, thereby reducing the possibility of impurities returning to the filtration area during disassembly and washing.

[0065] As the filter cartridge 6 continues to move upward, the backwash spring 14 releases its elastic force and pushes the guide core 8 and piston plate 7 downward within the filter cartridge 6. When the guide core 8 reaches a preset endpoint, the retaining ring 9 engages with the inner wall of the filter cartridge 6 to limit its further downward movement. As the piston plate 7 moves downward, it creates axial compression on the residual liquid between the inner side of the filter cartridge 6 and the outer periphery of the guide core 8. Since the bottom of the guide core 8 is sealed by the sealing cone rod 11, the residual liquid cannot be discharged from the bottom of the guide core 8; instead, it can only flow backward through the filtration channels on the guide core 8 and the filter cartridge 6, re-entering the annular space between the vortex pre-separation annular cavity 3 and the filter cartridge 6. Thus, a backwash flow from the inside out is formed in the filtration area of ​​the filter cartridge 6.

[0066] In this embodiment, the source of the backwash liquid is limited to the liquid remaining between the filter cartridge 6 and the guide core 8, as well as the liquid remaining inside the guide core 8. To ensure sufficient backwashing effectiveness, in this embodiment, the effective volume of liquid remaining between the filter cartridge 6 and the guide core 8 at the end of the operation is set to 8 ml to 30 ml. If insufficient residual liquid is detected between the filter cartridge 6 and the guide core 8 during disassembly and cleaning, the operator maintains the continuous upward movement of the filter cartridge 6, allowing the backwash spring 14 to complete its full stroke release. After the full stroke release, if there are still obvious deposits in the filtration area, subsequent mechanical cleaning and overall disassembly and cleaning are performed, without repeating the new backwashing action.

[0067] During backwashing, the filter cartridge 6 undergoes axial displacement relative to the annular cleaning sleeve 5, and the annular cleaning sleeve 5 continuously scrapes the deposits on the outer surface of the filter cartridge 6. The cleaning action of the annular cleaning sleeve 5 is synchronized with the backwashing action; that is, the inner side of the filter area is first flushed by the reverse liquid flow, while the outer surface is simultaneously mechanically scraped by the annular cleaning sleeve 5. The particles and adhering layers loosened by the liquid are further detached from the outer surface of the filter cartridge 6 under the action of the annular cleaning sleeve 5, and fall down along the outer wall of the filter cartridge 6 to the lower sealing chamber 4 or are discharged after the entire filter cartridge is removed.

[0068] As the filter cylinder 6 continues to move upward, its top bevel gradually forms a sealing fit with the upper end of the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3. At this point, a relatively closed state is formed inside the device, with the upper sealing fit and the lower sealing cone rod 11 simultaneously sealing the bottom. In this state, the operator can continue to unscrew the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 to remove the entire assembly from the mortar pipe 1. After removing the entire assembly, the impurities in the lower sealing chamber 4 are emptied, the outer surface of the filter cylinder 6 and the filter channel are rinsed, and the inner and outer surfaces of the guide core 8 are cleaned. After confirming that the sealing cone rod 11, sealing spring 10, opening and closing ring 12, conical sealing ring 13, and recoil spring 14 are not stuck or significantly worn, they are reassembled in the reverse order.

[0069] If, during the disassembly and cleaning process, the filter cartridge 6 moves upwards while the opening / closing ring 12 and the conical sealing ring 13 have not yet reached a stable sealing state, then the rotational force applied to the filter cartridge 6 continues until the opening / closing ring 12 completely releases its pressure on the conical sealing ring 13 and the axial compression of the conical sealing ring 13 after its rebound reaches a preset range. The criteria for determining a stable sealing state are: after the filter cartridge 6 stops moving upwards, there is no longer continuous liquid exchange between the lower sealing chamber 4 and the filter cartridge 6, and the mating position between the conical sealing ring 13 and the lower sealing chamber 4 remains stable. If this criterion is not met, the overall disassembly step is not performed. If the piston plate 7 does not move smoothly downwards during the release of the recoil spring 14, maintain the current position of the filter cylinder 6 and check for obvious particle jamming between the guide core 8 and the filter cylinder 6. If jamming is confirmed, continue to rotate the filter cylinder 6 in small steps to gradually release the recoil spring 14 and complete the downward movement of the piston plate 7 and the guide core 8 until the retaining ring 9 forms a stable limit with the inner wall of the filter cylinder 6. This method ensures that the disassembly and washing chain can still close even under jamming conditions.

[0070] In this embodiment, the cooperation between the fixed bracket 2 and the sealing cone rod 11 is used to establish the liquid outlet channel in the working state. After the fixed bracket 2 releases its pressure, the sealing spring 10 immediately pushes the sealing cone rod 11 back to its original position, so that the sealing action occurs preferentially in the initial stage of disassembly and washing. In the working state, the opening and closing ring 12 squeezes the conical sealing ring 13 to keep it in the open state. After the filter cartridge 6 moves upward, the conical sealing ring 13 rebounds by its own elasticity and forms a seal on the lower sealing chamber 4, so that the flow path between the lower sealing chamber 4 and the filter cartridge 6 is controlled and constricted during disassembly and washing. The backwash spring 14 releases its elasticity to push the piston plate 7 and the guide core 8 to move. The retaining ring 9 restricts the downward movement of the guide core 8, and uses the residual liquid inside the device to form a backwash flow from the inside to the outside, avoiding reliance on external backwash equipment. The angled top of the filter cartridge 6 forms an upper seal with the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity 3 during its subsequent upward movement. Simultaneously, the annular cleaning sleeve 5 mechanically cleans the external surface deposits during the upward movement of the filter cartridge 6, ensuring that the declogging of the filtration area occurs simultaneously on both the inner and outer sides. Through the sequence of actions—"sealing the bottom first, then elastically resealing the chamber, followed by backflushing, synchronous cleaning, and finally sealing the top and removing"—the device forms a complete controlled maintenance chain during the disassembly and cleaning phase.

[0071] The device of this embodiment is installed in a mortar conveying pipeline with a rated inner diameter of 80 mm. In the working state, the installation pre-compression of the sealing spring 10 is set to 4 mm, the installation pre-compression of the recoil spring 14 is set to 8 mm, and the stable sealing clamping amount of the opening and closing ring 12 and the conical sealing ring 13 is set to 1.0 mm. After continuously conveying mortar for 6 hours, the conveying is stopped. The operator first rotates the vortex pre-separation ring cavity 3 in the opposite direction, and the fixed bracket 2 releases the pressure on the sealing cone rod 11. The sealing cone rod 11 returns to its original position under the action of the sealing spring 10 and seals the bottom of the guide core 8. Subsequently, the filter cylinder 6 is moved upward, and the opening and closing ring 12 releases the pressure on the conical sealing ring 13. Under the action of elastic force, the conical sealing ring 13 rebounds upward and forms a seal on the lower sealing chamber 4. The recoil spring 14 releases its elastic force, pushing the piston plate 7 and the guide core 8 downward. The maximum downward movement is limited by the retaining ring 9, which pushes about 18 ml of residual liquid between the filter cylinder 6 and the guide core 8 back into the filtration channel, performing backwashing on the filter cylinder 6. At the same time, the annular cleaning sleeve 5 scrapes the outer surface of the filter cylinder 6. After the beveled top of the filter cylinder 6 forms a sealing fit with the vortex pre-separation ring cavity 3, the entire assembly is disassembled and cleaned, then reassembled and the next round of conveying operation resumes. If it is found that the bottom of the guide core 8 is not sealed during the process, the upward movement of the filter cylinder 6 is not performed; if it is found that the conical sealing ring 13 has not completed the rebound seal, the overall disassembly is not performed. Thus, this embodiment can maintain the closure of the disassembly and cleaning chain under normal disassembly and cleaning conditions and under partial jamming conditions.

[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein by means of the above teachings or the technology or knowledge in related fields.

Claims

1. A mortar pipe filtration device, comprising a mortar pipe (1), characterized in that, A fixed bracket (2) is fixedly connected inside the mortar pipe (1). A vortex pre-separation annular cavity (3) is threadedly connected to the mortar pipe (1) on the upper side of the fixed bracket (2). A lower sealing chamber (4) is provided at the bottom end of the vortex pre-separation annular cavity (3). A limit guide fit structure is provided between the lower sealing chamber (4) and the inner wall of the mortar pipe (1). An annular cleaning sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vortex pre-separation annular cavity (3). A filter cylinder (6) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular cleaning sleeve (5). The bottom end of the filter cylinder (6) is threadedly connected to the lower sealing chamber (4). The top end of the filter cylinder (6) is provided with an oblique angle that fits with the vortex pre-separation annular cavity (3). A piston plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter cylinder (6). (7) A guide core (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston plate (7). The outer periphery of the guide core (8) is slidably connected to the filter cylinder (6). A retaining ring (9) is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the guide core (8). The retaining ring (9) is matched with the inner wall of the filter cylinder (6) to limit the downward movement of the guide core (8) relative to the filter cylinder (6). A sealing spring (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the retaining ring (9). A sealing cone rod (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sealing spring (10). The sealing cone rod (11) is matched with the bottom end of the guide core (8). An opening and closing ring (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the filter cylinder (6). The top end of the lower sealing chamber (4) is fixedly connected to the position corresponding to the opening and closing ring (12). A conical sealing ring (13) is attached. The conical sealing ring (13) is an elastic conical sealing ring. The bottom end of the guide core (8) passes through the filter cylinder (6) and extends to the lower side of the filter cylinder (6). A recoil spring (14) is fixedly connected between the extended part and the bottom end of the filter cylinder (6). An annular space for slurry to flow in a swirling manner is formed between the swirling pre-separation annular cavity (3) and the filter cylinder (6). The filter cylinder (6) and the guide core (8) are respectively provided with filter channels for slurry to pass through. When the swirling pre-separation annular cavity (3) is spun into the mortar pipe (1), the fixed bracket (2) presses against the sealing cone rod (11) and compresses the sealing spring (10) so that the sealing cone rod (11) and the mortar pipe (10) are aligned. A liquid outlet channel is formed between the bottom ends of the flow guide core (8), and the opening and closing ring (12) squeezes the conical sealing ring (13) and puts the conical sealing ring (13) in the open state. When the swirling pre-separation ring cavity (3) moves in the reverse swirl direction, the fixed bracket (2) releases the pressure on the sealing cone rod (11), and the sealing spring (10) drives the sealing cone rod (11) to fit against the bottom end of the flow guide core (8) to seal the bottom of the flow guide core (8). When the filter cylinder (6) moves upward relative to the lower sealing chamber (4), the opening and closing ring (12) releases the pressure on the conical sealing ring (13), and the conical sealing ring (13) rebounds under the action of elasticity and seals the lower sealing chamber (4).The recoil spring (14) drives the guide core (8) and the piston plate (7) to move downward relative to the filter cylinder (6), so that the liquid between the filter cylinder (6) and the guide core (8) flows backward through the filter channel and backwashes the filter cylinder (6).

2. The mortar pipe filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting and guiding structure enables the lower sealing chamber (4) to move along the axial direction of the mortar pipe (1) and restricts the rotation of the lower sealing chamber (4) relative to the mortar pipe (1).

3. The mortar pipe filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swirling pre-separation annular cavity (3) is arranged outside the filter cylinder (6), and the lower sealing chamber (4) is located below the swirling pre-separation annular cavity (3), so that after the mortar slurry forms a swirling flow between the swirling pre-separation annular cavity (3) and the filter cylinder (6), the heavier impurities move to the outer periphery and enter the lower sealing chamber (4).

4. The mortar pipe filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter cylinder (6) is located inside the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity (3), and the guide core (8) is located inside the filter cylinder (6). After the mortar slurry is pre-separated by the cyclone pre-separation annular cavity (3), it first enters the space between the filter cylinder (6) and the guide core (8) through the filter channel on the filter cylinder (6), and then enters the interior of the guide core (8) through the filter channel on the guide core (8).

5. The mortar pipe filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the fixed bracket (2) is located below the sealing cone rod (11) and the swirling pre-separation annular cavity (3) is in the screw-in state, the fixed bracket (2) applies axial top pressure to the sealing cone rod (11) to keep the liquid outlet channel between the sealing cone rod (11) and the bottom end of the guide core (8) in the open state.

6. The mortar pipe filtration device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the swirling pre-separation annular cavity (3) is in the reverse swirl-out state, the sealing spring (10) pushes the sealing cone rod (11) to fit against the bottom end of the guide core (8) to seal the bottom of the guide core (8) before the filter cylinder (6) moves upward.

7. The mortar pipe filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening and closing ring (12) is located at the bottom of the filter cylinder (6), and the conical sealing ring (13) is located at the top of the lower sealing chamber (4). When the opening and closing ring (12) and the conical sealing ring (13) are pressed together, the conical sealing ring (13) is in the open state, and the lower sealing chamber (4) and the filter cylinder (6) are in a connected state. When the filter cylinder (6) moves upward relative to the lower sealing chamber (4), the opening and closing ring (12) releases the pressure on the conical sealing ring (13), and the conical sealing ring (13) rebounds under the action of elasticity and seals the lower sealing chamber (4).

8. The mortar pipe filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the recoil spring (14) is screwed into the mortar pipe (1) in the swirling pre-separation annular cavity (3), it is in a compressed state. When the filter cylinder (6) moves upward relative to the lower sealing chamber (4), the recoil spring (14) releases its elastic force and pushes the piston plate (7) and the guide core (8) downward.

9. The mortar pipe filtration device according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the bottom of the guide core (8) is closed by the sealing cone rod (11), the piston plate (7) moves downward to squeeze the liquid between the filter cylinder (6) and the guide core (8), so that the liquid flows backward through the filter channel and backwashes the filter cylinder (6).

10. The mortar pipe filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular cleaning sleeve (5) slides with the outer wall of the filter cylinder (6), and when the filter cylinder (6) moves relative to the annular cleaning sleeve (5), the annular cleaning sleeve (5) cleans the deposits on the outer surface of the filter cylinder (6). The retaining ring (9) is sleeved on the outer circumference of the guide core (8), and when the guide core (8) moves downward under the drive of the recoil spring (14), the retaining ring (9) is limited with the inner wall of the filter cylinder (6) to restrict the downward movement of the guide core (8). When the top of the filter cylinder (6) moves upward, the angle at the top of the filter cylinder (6) cooperates with the vortex pre-separation annular cavity (3) to form an upper sealing fit between the filter cylinder (6) and the vortex pre-separation annular cavity (3).

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