Wet dust removal system for half-coal-rock roadway driving face

Abstract

The invention discloses a wet dust removal system for a half-coal-rock roadway driving face, which relates to the technical field of coal mining and comprises a ventilation mechanism, a filtering mechanism, a wet scouring mechanism and a side blocking mechanism. The ventilation mechanism comprises a dust removal pipeline, and the two ends of the dust removal pipeline are provided with an air inlet end and an air outlet end correspondingly; the filtering mechanism comprises a filtering plate, the filtering plate is fixedly installed in the dust removal pipeline, and the bottom end of the filtering plate inclines towards the air inlet end; the wet-type washing mechanism is used for being communicated with an under-mine high-pressure water supply system and washing the filter plate; the side blocking mechanism is positioned on one side, back to the air inlet end, of the filter plate. According to the wet-type dust removal system for the half-coal-rock roadway driving working face, by arranging the turning plate, the arc plate and other structures, the retention time of water flow on the surface of the filter plate is effectively prolonged, it is guaranteed that impurities are washed clean, meanwhile, water resource waste is reduced, and in cooperation with inclined arrangement of the filter plate, washed sewage carries the impurities to smoothly flow down along the surface of the filter plate, and follow-up collection and treatment are facilitated; the use efficiency of the dust removal system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mining technology, and in particular to a wet dust removal system for semi-coal-rock roadway excavation faces. Background Technology

[0002] Semi-coal-rock roadways refer to mine roadways where rock strata occupy 1 / 5 to 4 / 5 of the working face area in the roadway cross-section. They are typically used in thin coal seam tunneling where the roof or floor needs to be lifted to meet the roadway height requirements. The semi-coal-rock roadway tunneling face is an important dust generation site, making dust removal in this area very important.

[0003] For example, a patent entitled "An Adhesive Dust Collection System for Dust Removal in Coal Mine Tunneling Faces" (patent application number: CN201710400171.7) discloses an adhesive dust collection system for dust removal in coal mine tunneling faces. This system uses a control device to control a water spray device and a water pump to clean the dust collector filter screen, washing away the dust and the dust-collecting adhesive adhering to the filter screen. However, in actual use, the water flow easily passes directly through the filter screen, resulting in a short residence time and insufficient contact with impurities. This leads to a generally poor washing effect, waste of water resources, and reduced dust removal efficiency. Furthermore, when the water flow passes directly through the mesh of the filter screen, it can easily wash impurities to the other side of the filter screen, causing air pollution or pipe blockage at the other end of the dust collection chamber.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a wet dust removal system for semi-coal and rock roadway excavation faces to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wet dust removal system for semi-coal and rock roadway excavation faces, in order to solve the problems that water flow can easily pass directly through the filter screen, has a short residence time on the filter screen, cannot fully contact with impurities, has a mediocre washing effect, and at the same time wastes water resources and affects dust reduction efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a wet dust removal system for a semi-coal and rock roadway excavation face, comprising a ventilation mechanism, a filtration mechanism, a wet flushing mechanism, and a side baffle mechanism; The ventilation system includes a dust removal duct installed on the tunneling machine. The dust removal duct has an air inlet and an air outlet at both ends. The forward airflow enters the dust removal duct from the air inlet and is discharged from the air outlet after supplying air to the dust removal duct. The filtration mechanism includes a filter plate with filter holes. The filter plate is fixedly installed inside the dust collection duct, and the bottom end of the filter plate is inclined towards the air inlet. A wet flushing mechanism is used to connect to the high-pressure water supply system in the mine and flush the filter plates; The side baffle mechanism is located on the side of the filter plate facing away from the air inlet. It includes a flap, a guide strip, and an arc plate. The bottom end of the flap is rotatably installed inside the dust removal pipe. The guide strip is fixedly installed on the top of the filter plate. The arc plate is slidably installed on the guide strip. Both the guide strip and the arc plate are arc-shaped. During backflushing, the flap moves towards the filter plate and contacts the arc plate, pressing the arc plate against the side of the filter plate. A compression chamber is formed between the flap, the arc plate, and the inner wall of the dust removal pipe. The gas in the compression chamber is pushed out at high speed from the filter holes by the flap. When the flap moves away from the filter plate to reset, it causes the arc plate to separate from the side of the filter plate, and the compression chamber is released. During flushing, the flaps adhere to the filter plate to form a shielding and guiding structure, and the water flow washes away the impurities that are blown off the filter plate.

[0007] Preferably, the arc plate has a square groove on the side near the filter plate, and a spring is installed inside the square groove. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the filter plate, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the square groove.

[0008] Preferably, an anti-slip strip is fixedly connected to the side of the arc plate near the flip plate, and multiple anti-slip strips are provided and evenly distributed.

[0009] Preferably, a partition is provided above the filter plate, and a fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the partition. The fixed shaft is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust removal pipe, and the partition and the filter plate form a continuous flow guiding structure.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the guide bar away from the filter plate is rotatably connected to a transmission frame, and a first torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection. The transmission frame is L-shaped, with one end of the transmission frame abutting against the partition and the other end of the transmission frame abutting against the top of the flip plate.

[0011] Preferably, the length and width dimensions of the flap are adapted to the length and width dimensions of the filter plate.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom end of the filter plate is provided with a bent section, the inclination angle of the bent section is smaller than the inclination angle of the filter plate, and a sliding channel is formed between the bent section and the bottom end of the flip plate.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the dust removal pipe is provided with a reflux chamber, and the top of the reflux chamber is provided with a reflux groove. The reflux groove is distributed correspondingly to the bend section and the bottom of the flap. The reflux chamber is connected to the inner cavity of the dust removal pipe through the reflux groove. The reflux trough is provided with a bottom plate, and one end of the bottom plate near the flap is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the reflux trough. A second torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection. A pressure plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the flap, the pressure plate is located in the sliding channel, the pressure plate is set close to the filter plate, and the bottom end of the pressure plate abuts against the bottom plate.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom end of the flap is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the dust removal pipe, and a motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the dust removal pipe. The motor shaft is connected to the rotatable connection at the bottom end of the flap, and the motor drives the flap to rotate when it starts.

[0015] Preferably, the wet flushing mechanism is used to transport a mixture of liquid green high-efficiency wetting-coagulation composite dust suppression material and dust suppression water. The liquid green high-efficiency wetting-coagulation composite dust suppression material includes anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and CMCH-g-AMPS grafted copolymer polymer coagulant.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. By setting up structures such as flaps and arc plates, this invention effectively extends the residence time of water on the filter plate surface, ensuring that impurities are washed away cleanly, while reducing water waste. In addition, the inclined setting of the filter plate allows the wastewater carrying impurities to flow smoothly down the filter plate surface after washing, which is convenient for subsequent collection and treatment, and ensures the efficiency of the dust removal system. 2. When the flapper moves toward the filter plate, it forms a compression chamber, which allows gas to be expelled at high speed from the filter holes, gently pushing out stubborn impurities attached to the filter plate and improving the cleaning effect. When the flapper moves away from the filter plate, the compression chamber is released stably, ensuring that no negative pressure suction is generated at the filter holes during the flapper reset process, thereby avoiding the re-suction of impurities that have been washed off back onto the filter plate surface. 3. By utilizing the small-angle flipping of the flap and filter plate, combined with the water flow to create a synergistic effect of "vibration and flushing", the damp and clump-like impurities attached to the filter plate can be loosened, preventing impurities from adhering to the inner wall of the filter holes and causing blockage. At the same time, the water flow on the surface of the filter plate is disturbed, breaking up the blind spots of water flow, allowing the water flow to penetrate more evenly and fully into all parts of the filter plate, achieving all-round cleaning without dead corners, further improving flushing efficiency, reducing water consumption, and ensuring that the filter plate quickly returns to a transparent state. 4. Airflow is blown onto the filter plate through the gap between the bottom of the baffle and the top of the filter plate. This airflow is in the same direction as the filter plate's tilt, accurately blowing off residual water droplets and reducing splashing. At the same time, the gap area is small, and the airflow will have a significant acceleration effect when it passes through, so that the airflow acts on the filter plate surface at a higher velocity, improving the drying effect; / 5. The structure design of the flap fitting the filter plate can form an effective shield, preventing impurities from being washed by the water flow to the side of the filter plate near the air outlet during the rinsing process, causing secondary accumulation, further ensuring the overall cleaning effect of the filter plate and the smooth ventilation of the dust removal system; 6. Compared to the backflush airflow that acts directly vertically on the filter plate, this inclined airflow blows along the filter plate, which can avoid damage to the filter plate structure. At the same time, after the side of the filter plate near the air outlet is blocked, the airflow cannot diffuse and lose towards the air outlet. Instead, it will be concentrated and constrained on the surface of the filter plate and in the area formed by the filter plate and the flap and arc plate, ensuring that all the airflow acts on the filter plate and avoiding insufficient cleaning power caused by airflow dispersion. 7. By relying on the flipping of the flap and the cooperation of the transmission frame, a gap is created between the bottom of the flap and the top of the filter plate, which simultaneously blocks the side of the filter plate closest to the air outlet. No additional independent drive and control components are required. The opening of the gap and the sealing of the air outlet side can be completed simultaneously through the linkage of the flap, making the operation convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wet dust removal system for the semi-coal and rock roadway excavation face of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the wet dust removal system for the semi-coal and rock roadway excavation face of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0020] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the contact state between the flap and the transmission frame of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the filter plate and flap bonding structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the partition flipping state of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the filter plate and partition structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the flap and extension plate structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the arc plate and anti-slip strip structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point D.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate and grooved rod structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Dust removal duct; 101. Air inlet; 102. Air outlet; 2. Filter plate; 201. Filter holes; 202. Bending section; 3. Flip plate; 4. Inner shaft; 5. Pressure plate; 6. Guide strip; 7. Arc plate; 701. Arc-shaped slide; 702. Square groove; 8. Anti-slip strip; 9. Fixed shaft; 10. Partition plate; 11. Transmission frame; 1101. Connecting plate; 1102. Abutting plate; 12. Connecting shaft; 13. First torsion spring; 14. Spring; 15. Extension plate; 16. Motor; 17. Sliding channel; 18. Return chamber; 19. Base plate; 20. Second torsion spring; 21. Conveying pipe; 22. Nozzle; 23. Return groove; 24. Groove rod. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This invention provides, for example Figures 1 to 13 The wet dust removal system shown includes a ventilation mechanism, a filtration mechanism, and a wet flushing mechanism. The ventilation mechanism includes a dust removal duct 1, which is fixedly installed on the tunneling machine used for semi-coal-rock tunnel excavation and can move synchronously with the machine to achieve on-site dust control at the dust source. The dust removal duct 1 is made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, suitable for the impact, dust abrasion, and humid environment during semi-coal-rock tunnel excavation. Its vertical cross-section is rectangular, and air inlets 10 are respectively provided at both ends of the dust removal duct 1. 1 and air outlet 102; A fan (not shown in the figure) is fixedly installed at the air outlet 102. The fan is an explosion-proof axial flow fan, which is suitable for the explosion-proof requirements of underground coal mines and supports forward and reverse rotation. Its air volume can be steplessly adjusted according to the amount of dust generated in the tunneling working face. The fan and the dust removal pipe 1 are sealed by a flange. The connection is equipped with a high temperature and corrosion resistant sealing gasket to prevent dust from leaking from the connection. At the same time, the air outlet of the fan is also connected to a guide pipe, which can guide the filtered air to the purification equipment.

[0032] The filtration mechanism includes a filter plate 2, which is fixedly installed inside the dust removal duct 1 and located between the air inlet 101 and the air outlet 102. The filter plate 2 has several filter holes 201, which are evenly distributed in a matrix and have a diameter of 5mm to 8mm. The filter plate 2 and filter holes 201 facilitate the rapid capture of large dust particles drawn into the dust removal duct 1, reducing the pressure of subsequent purification. The filter plate 2 adopts a double-layer composite structure. The outer layer is a wear-resistant metal mesh, which is used to intercept large particles of coal dust, rock dust and impurities, and prevent them from scratching the inner filter material. The inner layer is a high-polymer filter cotton, which has the characteristics of uniform pores, good air permeability and high filtration accuracy. It can effectively filter fine dust particles and achieve preliminary purification of the dust-laden airflow, laying the foundation for the deep treatment of subsequent purification equipment.

[0033] The wet flushing mechanism includes a conveying pipe 21 and nozzles 22. The conveying pipe 21 is fixedly installed inside the dust removal pipe 1 and is located on the side of the filter plate 2 near the air inlet 101. The conveying pipe 21 extends to the outside of the dust removal pipe 1 and is connected to the mine's high-pressure water supply system. At the same time, the connecting end is equipped with a green and efficient wetting-coagulation composite dust suppression material intelligent dosing device. This device is equipped with a digital display controller and a plunger metering pump. It can automatically, continuously, and quantitatively dissolve the liquid green and efficient wetting-coagulation composite dust suppression material into the water flow according to the water flow rate of the high-pressure water supply system in a preset ratio. The dust suppression material and the dust suppression water are uniformly mixed through pipeline mixing, and the concentration of the mixed liquid is precisely controlled. The nozzles 22 are fixedly installed on the conveying pipe 21. Multiple nozzles 22 are evenly arranged along the length of the conveying pipe 21, and all nozzles 22 are inclined towards the surface of the filter plate 2. The spray angle is adapted to the inclination angle of the filter plate 2, so that the high-pressure water flow mixed with the dust suppression material can fully cover the entire filter surface of the filter plate 2 without any flushing blind spots.

[0034] This green and efficient wetting-coagulation composite dust suppression material is a multi-component system. Its core components are anionic surfactants (such as AMPS modified copolymers and sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate), nonionic surfactants (such as alkyl glycosides and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers), and CMCH-g-AMPS graft copolymer polymer coagulants, supplemented with a small amount of environmentally friendly stabilizers (polyethylene glycol 400 and xanthan gum) and environmentally friendly cosolvents (propylene glycol and ethanol). The components work synergistically to form a stable liquid system. Among these, the anionic surfactants, The nonionic surfactant compound system can reduce the surface tension of the dust suppression water, break the hydrophobicity of coal and rock dust, and allow the water flow to quickly penetrate into the depth of the filter pores 201, fully wetting the attached fine dust and preventing the dust from being adsorbed on the surface of the filter plate 2 due to hydrophobicity and difficult to clean. The CMCH-g-AMPS graft copolymer polymer coagulant can quickly agglomerate the wetted fine dust into large flocs, which are easy to fall off with the flushing water flow. At the same time, the material uses green and environmentally friendly raw materials throughout the process, without harmful additives, and will not cause secondary pollution to the underground environment.

[0035] The production steps are as follows: Raw material pretreatment: Anionic surfactants (AMPS modified copolymer, sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate), nonionic surfactants (alkyl glycosides, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), and CMCH-g-AMPS graft copolymer polymer coagulant are dried and sieved to remove impurities and lumps from the raw materials and ensure their dispersibility; environmentally friendly stabilizers and cosolvents are diluted in advance according to the formula to prepare mother liquor for later use.

[0036] Surfactant compounding and dissolution: Add the pretreated anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant into a constant temperature stirred reactor according to the preset ratio, add deionized water, control the reactor temperature at 30-50℃, adjust the stirring rate to 200-300 r / min, and stir at a uniform speed for 30-40 min until the surfactant is completely dissolved and a uniform surfactant aqueous solution is formed.

[0037] Graft copolymerization and coagulation component compounding: Add CMCH-g-AMPS graft copolymer polymer coagulant to the above aqueous solution, keep the reactor temperature and stirring rate constant, and continue stirring for 60-90 minutes to fully integrate the polymer coagulant and surfactant aqueous solution, complete the graft copolymerization reaction, and form a basic composite system.

[0038] System stabilization adjustment: Slowly add environmentally friendly stabilizer and cosolvent mother liquor to the basic composite system according to the ratio, adjust the stirring speed to 150-200 r / min, stir at a constant temperature for 20-30 min, and adjust the viscosity and pH value of the system so that the components work together to form a stable homogeneous liquid system.

[0039] Homogenization and filtration: The adjusted liquid system is introduced into a high-pressure homogenizer and homogenized under a pressure of 20-30 MPa to break up tiny droplets and flocs in the system and improve the uniformity of the system. After homogenization, the system is filtered through a precision filter (200-300 mesh) to remove undissolved tiny particles and obtain the finished green and efficient wetting-coagulation composite dust suppression material.

[0040] Finished product testing and storage: The surface tension, coal dust wetting angle and coagulation performance of the finished product are tested. After passing the test, the product is sealed and filled and stored in a cool and dry environment. The finished product is a stable liquid and can be directly mixed with dust-proof water in proportion.

[0041] In the existing technology, dust from the tunneling working face is drawn into the dust removal pipe 1 through the air inlet 101. Dust and other impurities are filtered and intercepted by the filter plate 2, and the filtered gas is discharged through the air outlet 102. As the system continues to operate, a lot of impurities will accumulate on the surface of the filter plate 2. At this time, the wet flushing mechanism is activated, and the underground high-pressure water supply system provides high-pressure water to the nozzle 22 through the delivery pipe 21. The nozzle 22 sprays water into the filter plate 2 for flushing. However, during the flushing process, the water flow can easily pass directly through the filter holes 201 on the filter plate 2, resulting in a short residence time on the surface of the filter plate 2. It cannot fully contact the impurities on the filter plate 2, and the flushing and cleaning effect of the filter plate 2 is generally poor. Over time, it is easy to cause the filter plate 2 to become clogged, which will affect the filtration efficiency and ventilation of the entire dust removal system. At the same time, the poor flushing effect will lead to the need to frequently activate the wet flushing mechanism for repeated flushing, increasing the water consumption. To minimize resource consumption, the present invention tilts the filter plate 2, with its bottom end tilting towards the air inlet 101. A side baffle mechanism is provided on the side of the filter plate 2 facing away from the air inlet 101. This side baffle mechanism includes a flap 3, a guide strip 6, and an arc plate 7. The length and width of the flap 3 are adapted to the length and width of the filter plate 2. An inner shaft 4 is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the flap 3. The inner shaft 4 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust removal duct 1, and is close to the bottom of the filter plate 2. Both sides of the flap 3 are attached to the inner wall of the dust removal duct 1. The guide strip 6 is fixedly installed at the top of the filter plate 2. An arc-shaped slide 701 is provided on the arc plate 7. The arc plate 7 slides on the guide strip 6 via the arc-shaped slide 701. Both the guide strip 6 and the arc plate 7 are arc-shaped, and the centers of the guide strip 6 and the arc plate 7 coincide with the axis of the inner shaft 4. The top of the flap 3 abuts against the lower surface of the arc plate 7.

[0042] When suctioning dust from the tunneling face, the flap 3 is horizontally attached to the bottom of the dust removal pipe 1 to ensure ventilation area; the specific operating procedure for cleaning the filter plate 2 is as follows: The first step is to control the flap 3 to flip towards the filter plate 2, generating a large airflow, and this airflow blows back onto the filter plate 2, blowing up the loose impurities attached to the filter plate 2. The second step is to wait for the top of the flip plate 3 to come into contact with the lower surface of the arc plate 7. The flip plate 3 continues to flip. Due to the friction between the top of the flip plate 3 and the arc plate 7, the arc plate 7 tends to move towards the filter plate 2 and comes into close contact with the side of the filter plate 2. At this time, a compression chamber is formed between the flip plate 3, the arc plate 7, and the inner wall of the dust removal pipe 1. As the flip plate 3 continues to flip, the gas in the compression chamber is pushed out at high speed from the filter hole 201, pushing out the stubborn impurities attached to the filter plate 2 until the flip plate 3 adheres to the filter plate 2. The third step is to control the flap 3 to flip back and forth at small angles multiple times to tap the filter plate 2, causing the filter plate 2 to vibrate slightly and further shake off impurities. When the flip plate 3 flips away from the filter plate 2, the arc plate 7 will slide away from the filter plate 2 due to the friction between the top of the flip plate 3 and the arc plate 7. A gap is formed between the arc plate 7 and the side of the filter plate 2. The gas in the dust removal pipe 1 can quickly enter the area between the flip plate 3 and the filter plate 2 through the gap, so that the original compression chamber is released. This ensures that no negative pressure suction is generated at the filter hole 201 during the reset process of the flip plate 3, thereby avoiding the re-suction of impurities that have been washed off back onto the surface of the filter plate 2. The fourth step is to start the wet flushing mechanism and supply high-pressure water to the nozzle 22 through the delivery pipe 21. The nozzle 22 sprays water into the filter plate 2 for flushing. At this time, since the flap 3 is attached to the filter plate 2, it can effectively prolong the residence time of the water flow on the surface of the filter plate 2, allowing the water flow to fully contact the impurities that are back-blown and pushed out on the filter plate 2, washing away the impurities, reducing water waste, and cooperating with the inclined setting of the filter plate 2, so that the flushed sewage carrying impurities can flow smoothly down the surface of the filter plate 2, which is convenient for subsequent collection and treatment, further improving the cleaning effect and ensuring that the filter plate 2 returns to the best filtration state. The fifth step involves controlling the flap 3 to flip back and forth at small angles multiple times. The impact between the flap 3 and the filter plate 2 generates micro-vibrations, which, combined with the water flow, create a synergistic effect of "vibration and flushing". This not only loosens the damp, clump-like impurities attached to the filter plate 2, preventing them from adhering to the inner wall of the filter holes 201 and causing blockages, but also disturbs the water flow on the surface of the filter plate 2, breaking up the blind spots in water flow and allowing the water flow to penetrate more evenly and fully into all parts of the filter plate 2, achieving all-round cleaning without dead angles. Step 6: Reset the flap 3 until it is horizontal and attached to the bottom of the dust removal pipe 1.

[0043] In summary, by setting up structures such as the flap 3 and the arc plate 7, the present invention effectively extends the residence time of water on the surface of the filter plate 2, ensuring that impurities are thoroughly washed away, while reducing water waste. Furthermore, the inclined setting of the filter plate 2 allows the wastewater carrying impurities to flow smoothly down the surface of the filter plate 2 after washing, facilitating subsequent collection and treatment, and ensuring the efficiency of the dust removal system.

[0044] Furthermore, when the flapper 3 flips towards the filter plate 2, it forms a compression chamber, causing gas to be expelled at high speed from the filter hole 201, which flexibly pushes out the stubborn impurities attached to the filter plate 2, improving the cleaning effect. When the flapper 3 flips away from the filter plate 2, the compression chamber is stably released, ensuring that no negative pressure suction is generated at the filter hole 201 during the reset process of the flapper 3, thereby avoiding the re-suction of impurities that have been washed off back onto the surface of the filter plate 2.

[0045] Furthermore, by utilizing the small-angle flipping of the flap 3 and the filter plate 2, combined with the water flow to create a synergistic effect of "vibration and flushing," the damp, clump-like impurities attached to the filter plate 2 can be loosened, preventing them from adhering to the inner wall of the filter holes 201 and causing blockage. At the same time, the water flow on the surface of the filter plate 2 is disturbed, breaking up the blind spots in water flow and allowing the water flow to penetrate more evenly and fully into all parts of the filter plate 2, achieving all-round cleaning without dead angles, further improving flushing efficiency, reducing water consumption, and ensuring that the filter plate 2 quickly returns to a transparent state.

[0046] In addition, the structural design of the flap 3 fitting the filter plate 2 can form an effective shield, preventing impurities from being washed by the water flow to the side of the filter plate 2 near the air outlet 102 during the rinsing process, thus causing secondary accumulation and further ensuring the overall cleaning effect of the filter plate 2 and the smooth ventilation of the dust removal system.

[0047] In actual use, rubber pads and other structures are installed at the contact points between the flap 3 and the inner wall of the dust removal pipe 1 and the arc plate 7 to reduce wear and ensure sealing.

[0048] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, an anti-slip strip 8 is fixedly connected to the side of the arc plate 7 near the flip plate 3. Multiple anti-slip strips 8 are provided and evenly distributed. The anti-slip strips 8 are made of rubber. The anti-slip strips 8 are provided to increase the friction between the arc plate 7 and the flip plate 3, ensuring that the flip plate 3 can drive the arc plate 7 to move.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 10 As shown, a motor 16 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the dust removal pipe 1, and an inner shaft 4 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the motor 16. When the motor 16 starts, it drives the inner shaft 4 to rotate through the drive shaft, and when the inner shaft 4 rotates, it drives the flap 3 to rotate.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 As shown, the bottom end of the filter plate 2 is provided with a bent section 202. The inclination angle of the bent section 202 is smaller than the inclination angle of the filter plate 2. A sliding channel 17 is formed between the bent section 202 and the bottom end of the flap 3 for the water flow to wash the filter plate 2.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 13As shown, a return chamber 18 is provided at the bottom of the dust removal pipe 1 to allow water to flow out for rinsing the filter plate 2. The return chamber 18 is connected to the external recovery pipe. At the same time, a return groove 23 is provided at the top of the return chamber 18. The return groove 23 is distributed correspondingly to the bottom of the bend section 202 and the flap 3. The return chamber 18 is connected to the inner cavity of the dust removal pipe 1 through the return groove 23. A groove rod 24 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the return groove 23. The groove rod 24 is close to the flap 3. A base plate 19 is rotatably installed on the groove rod 24. A second torsion spring 20 is fitted on the groove rod 24. One end of the second torsion spring 20 is fixedly connected to the groove rod 24, and the other end of the second torsion spring 20 is fixedly connected to the base plate 19. When no other external force is applied, the second torsion spring 20 causes the base plate 19 to be horizontally distributed, closing the return groove 23.

[0052] Meanwhile, a pressure plate 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the flip plate 3. The pressure plate 5 is located in the sliding channel 17 and is set close to the filter plate 2. The bottom end of the pressure plate 5 abuts against the bottom plate 19.

[0053] Specifically, during the cleaning process of filter plate 2, when the flip plate 3 is close to adhering to the filter plate 2, the bottom end of the pressure plate 5 presses the bottom plate 19 downward, causing the end of the bottom plate 19 away from the groove rod 24 to flip downward, the return groove 23 opens, and the water that washes the filter plate 2 flows out through the sliding channel 17, the return groove 23, and the return chamber 18.

[0054] In actual use, the bottom of the inner cavity of the dust removal pipe 1 is set in a V shape, with the return groove 23 being the lowest point, so that the water that washes the filter plate 2 can flow out quickly from the return groove 23.

[0055] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 8 As shown, a baffle 10 is provided above the filter plate 2. A fixed shaft 9 is rotatably connected to the top of the baffle 10. The fixed shaft 9 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust removal pipe 1. The bottom end of the baffle 10 abuts against the top of the filter plate 2. A torsion spring (not shown in the figure) is provided on the fixed shaft 9. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 9, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the baffle 10. The torsion spring has a large elastic support force, so the baffle 10 will not shake at will. When treating the dust in the tunneling working face, due to the elastic support force of the torsion spring, the bottom end of the baffle 10 always abuts against the top of the filter plate 2, and the tilt angle of the baffle 10 is consistent with the tilt angle of the filter plate 2, so that the baffle 10 and the filter plate 2 form a continuous flow guiding structure.

[0056] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the end of the guide bar 6 away from the filter plate 2 is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft 12. A transmission frame 11 is provided on the connecting shaft 12. The transmission frame 11 includes a docking plate 1101 and an abutment plate 1102. The docking plate 1101 and the abutment plate 1102 are arranged in an L-shape. The abutment plate 1102 is rotatably mounted on the connecting shaft 12. A first torsion spring 13 is fitted on the connecting shaft 12. One end of the first torsion spring 13 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 12, and the other end of the first torsion spring 13 is fixedly connected to the abutment plate 1102. When not affected by other external forces, the elastic support force of the first torsion spring 13 makes the docking plate 1101 and the guide bar 6 arranged in a cross shape. The end of the abutment plate 1102 away from the docking plate 1101 abuts against the partition plate 10, while the partition plate 10 and the filter plate 2 still maintain a continuous flow guiding structure.

[0057] Reference Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, a square groove 702 is provided on the side of the arc plate 7 near the filter plate 2. A spring 14 is provided inside the square groove 702. One end of the spring 14 is fixedly connected to the filter plate 2, and the other end of the spring 14 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the square groove 702. The spring 14 is provided so that the arc plate 7 remains attached to the side of the filter plate 2 when it is not subjected to external force, and the elastic support force of the spring 14 is less than the frictional force between the top of the flip plate 3 and the arc plate 7.

[0058] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 10 As shown, an extension plate 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the flap 3. The extension plate 15 and the flap 3 are distributed in an L-shape. The extension plate 15 is also arc-shaped and can slide on the arc plate 7.

[0059] When the flap 3 is controlled to flip towards the filter plate 2, the top of the flap 3 first contacts the bottom of the docking plate 1101, and the bottom of the docking plate 1101 swings towards the filter plate 2 until the bottom of the docking plate 1101 is misaligned with the top of the flap 3. Then the transmission frame 11 is reset, so as not to affect the flipping of the flap 3.

[0060] When drying filter plate 2: Starting with the flap 3 adhering to the filter plate 2, the flap 3 is controlled to flip away from the filter plate 2. Due to the friction between the top of the flap 3 and the arc plate 7, the flap 3 drives the arc plate 7 to slide away from the filter plate 2 until the arc plate 7 abuts against the transmission frame 11 and the connecting shaft 12. The arc plate 7 can no longer slide, but the flap 3 continues to flip. When the extension plate 15 contacts the bottom end of the docking plate 1101, the transmission frame 11 rotates about the connecting shaft 12. The end of the abutting plate 1102 away from the docking plate 1101 flips down and presses the partition plate 10. The partition plate 10 rotates about the fixed shaft 9, causing a gap to appear between the bottom end of the partition plate 10 and the top end of the filter plate 2. At the same time, the top end of the flap 3 is misaligned with the arc plate 7. Due to the restoring force of the spring 14, the arc plate 7... The flapper 3 is reset to abut against the filter plate 2, at which point it stops flipping. Then, the flapper 3 is controlled to flip towards the filter plate 2 at a small angle until the top of the flapper 3 contacts the arc plate 7, the bottom of the mating plate 1101 is attached to the top of the extension plate 15, and the bottom of the partition plate 10 and the top of the filter plate 2 are kept in a gap state. The flapper 3, the arc plate 7, etc. cooperate to block the side of the filter plate 2 near the air outlet 102. The fan is started to reverse, and the airflow generated blows towards the filter plate 2 through the gap between the bottom of the partition plate 10 and the top of the filter plate 2. This airflow is consistent with the tilt direction of the filter plate 2, accurately blowing off residual water droplets and reducing splashing and diffusion. At the same time, the gap area is small, and the airflow will produce a significant acceleration effect when it passes through, so that the airflow acts on the surface of the filter plate 2 at a higher flow rate, improving the drying effect.

[0061] Compared to the backflush airflow that acts directly vertically on the filter plate 2, this inclined airflow blows along the filter plate 2, which can avoid damage to the structure of the filter plate 2. At the same time, after the side of the filter plate 2 near the air outlet 102 is blocked, the airflow cannot diffuse and lose towards the air outlet 102. Instead, it will be concentrated and constrained on the surface of the filter plate 2 and in the area formed by the filter plate 2, the flap 3, and the arc plate 7, ensuring that all the airflow acts on the filter plate 2 and avoiding insufficient cleaning power caused by airflow dispersion.

[0062] In addition, by relying on the flipping of the flap 3 and the cooperation of the transmission frame 11, a gap is created between the bottom of the partition 10 and the top of the filter plate 2, which simultaneously blocks the side of the filter plate 2 near the air outlet 102. There is no need to add independent drive and control components. The opening of the gap and the sealing of the air outlet side can be completed simultaneously by the linkage of the flap 3, which is convenient to operate.

Claims

1. A wet dust removal system for semi-coal and rock roadway excavation faces, characterized in that: This includes ventilation mechanisms, filtration mechanisms, wet flushing mechanisms, and side baffle mechanisms; The ventilation system includes a dust removal pipe (1) installed on the tunneling machine. The dust removal pipe (1) has an air inlet (101) and an air outlet (102) at both ends. The positive air force enters the dust removal pipe (1) from the air inlet (101), and after supplying air to the dust removal pipe (1), it is discharged from the air outlet (102). The filtration mechanism includes a filter plate (2), on which filter holes (201) are provided. The filter plate (2) is fixedly installed inside the dust removal pipe (1), and the bottom end of the filter plate (2) is inclined towards the air inlet (101). A wet flushing mechanism is used to connect to the mine's high-pressure water supply system and flush the filter plate (2); The side baffle mechanism is located on the side of the filter plate (2) facing away from the air inlet (101), including a flap (3), a guide strip (6) and an arc plate (7). The bottom end of the flap (3) is rotatably set inside the dust removal pipe (1). The guide strip (6) is fixedly installed on the top of the filter plate (2). The arc plate (7) is slidably set on the guide strip (6). Both the guide strip (6) and the arc plate (7) are arc-shaped. During backflushing, the flap (3) flips towards the filter plate (2) and contacts the arc plate (7), pressing the arc plate (7) against the side of the filter plate (2). A compression chamber is formed between the flap (3), the arc plate (7), and the inner wall of the dust removal pipe (1). The gas in the compression chamber is flipped by the flap (3) and is forced out at high speed through the filter hole (201). When the flip plate (3) flips back to its original position away from the filter plate (2), it causes the arc plate (7) to separate from the side of the filter plate (2), and the compression chamber is released. During flushing, the flap (3) adheres to the filter plate (2) to form a shielding and guiding structure, and the water flow washes away the impurities that are blown off and pushed out on the filter plate (2).

2. The wet dust removal system for a semi-coal and rock roadway excavation face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc plate (7) has a square groove (702) on the side near the filter plate (2). A spring (14) is installed inside the square groove (702). One end of the spring (14) is fixedly connected to the filter plate (2), and the other end of the spring (14) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the square groove (702).

3. The wet dust removal system for a semi-coal and rock roadway excavation face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc plate (7) is fixedly connected to an anti-slip strip (8) on the side near the flip plate (3). Multiple anti-slip strips (8) are provided and are evenly distributed.

4. The wet dust removal system for a semi-coal and rock roadway excavation face according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition (10) is provided above the filter plate (2). A fixed shaft (9) is rotatably connected to the top of the partition (10). The fixed shaft (9) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust removal pipe (1). The partition (10) and the filter plate (2) form a continuous flow guiding structure.

5. A wet dust removal system for a semi-coal and rock roadway excavation face according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide bar (6) is rotatably connected to a transmission frame (11) at the end away from the filter plate (2), and a first torsion spring (13) is provided at the rotatable connection. The transmission frame (11) is L-shaped. One end of the transmission frame (11) abuts against the partition plate (10), and the other end of the transmission frame (11) abuts against the top of the flip plate (3).

6. The wet dust removal system for a semi-coal and rock roadway excavation face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length and width dimensions of the flap (3) are adapted to the length and width dimensions of the filter plate (2).

7. A wet dust removal system for a semi-coal and rock roadway excavation face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the filter plate (2) is provided with a bent section (202), the inclination angle of the bent section (202) is smaller than the inclination angle of the filter plate (2), and a sliding channel (17) is formed between the bent section (202) and the bottom end of the flip plate (3).

8. A wet dust removal system for a semi-coal and rock roadway excavation face according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the dust removal pipe (1) is provided with a return chamber (18), and the top of the return chamber (18) is provided with a return groove (23). The return groove (23) is distributed correspondingly to the bottom of the bend section (202) and the flap (3). The return chamber (18) is connected to the inner cavity of the dust removal pipe (1) through the return groove (23). The reflux trough (23) is provided with a bottom plate (19), and the end of the bottom plate (19) near the flap (3) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the reflux trough (23), and a second torsion spring (20) is provided at the rotatable connection. The bottom end of the flap (3) is fixedly installed with a pressure plate (5). The pressure plate (5) is located in the sliding channel (17). The pressure plate (5) is set close to the filter plate (2). The bottom end of the pressure plate (5) abuts against the bottom plate (19).

9. A wet dust removal system for a semi-coal and rock roadway excavation face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the flap (3) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the dust removal pipe (1). A motor (16) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the dust removal pipe (1). The rotating shaft of the motor (16) is connected to the rotating connection at the bottom end of the flap (3). When the motor (16) starts, it drives the flap (3) to rotate.

10. A wet dust removal system for a semi-coal and rock roadway excavation face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wet flushing mechanism is used to transport a mixture of liquid green high-efficiency wetting-coagulation composite dust suppression material and dust suppression water. The liquid green high-efficiency wetting-coagulation composite dust suppression material includes anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and CMCH-g-AMPS grafted copolymer polymer coagulant.

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