Magnetic purification equipment and method for spodumene
By combining gradient magnetic separation and shaking table separation mechanisms, the problems of insufficient impurity removal capacity and environmental risks caused by reagent use in spodumene beneficiation are solved, achieving efficient and environmentally friendly spodumene purification and improving concentrate quality and recovery rate.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INST OF MINERAL RESOURCES CHINESE ACAD OF GEOLOGICAL SCI
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Existing spodumene beneficiation processes suffer from limited impurity removal capacity, complex reagent formulations, significant environmental risks, poor recovery of fine particles, and poor product stability. In particular, they are ineffective in separating iron-containing silicate minerals and finely disseminated iron minerals, making it difficult to reduce the iron content in the concentrate. Furthermore, the use of reagents increases the difficulty and cost of tailings treatment.
The gradient magnetic separation mechanism and the shaking table separation mechanism are adopted. By combining the electromagnetic rotating body and the shaking table magnetic attraction component, the gradient magnetic separation and gravity separation of spodumene ore are realized. The ore is separated into ores with different proportions of spodumene and purified by physical methods, avoiding the use of chemical reagents.
It improves the purification effect of spodumene, reduces the iron content, enhances the environmental friendliness and economy of sorting, achieves stable separation and efficient recovery of ore, and reduces the risk of environmental pollution.
Smart Images
Figure CN122006891A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of spodumene beneficiation technology, and in particular to a magnetic purification device and method for spodumene. Background Technology
[0002] The mainstream process for spodumene beneficiation is flotation, which involves obtaining spodumene concentrate through coarse grinding, desliming, and multi-stage flotation. However, this process has the following inherent drawbacks and limitations:
[0003] First, its impurity removal capacity is limited. Conventional flotation mainly separates silicate minerals (spodumene) from gangue minerals such as feldspar and quartz based on the differences in surface chemical properties. However, it is ineffective in separating iron-bearing silicate minerals with similar floatability to spodumene (such as lepidolite, tourmaline, and iron-bearing amphibole) as well as finely embedded iron minerals, making it difficult to effectively reduce the iron content in the concentrate.
[0004] Secondly, the chemical formulation is complex and poses significant environmental challenges. To improve the separation effect, various modifiers, inhibitors, and collectors are often added, resulting in a complex chemical formulation that may lead to difficult and costly subsequent wastewater treatment, as well as certain environmental risks.
[0005] Third, the recovery effect on fine particles is not good. Fine particles of spodumene or iron-bearing minerals generated during the grinding process are easily lost in the tailings or enter the concentrate during the flotation process, resulting in grade fluctuations and a decrease in recovery rate.
[0006] Fourth, the product stability is poor. Fluctuations in the properties of the raw ore (such as changes in the types of iron-bearing minerals and the size of the embedded particles) will significantly affect the flotation effect, resulting in unstable final concentrate quality (especially iron content).
[0007] The aforementioned drawbacks will all affect the purification effect of spodumene. Summary of the Invention
[0008] In view of the above analysis, this application aims to provide a magnetic purification device and method for spodumene, to solve one or more of the aforementioned problems in the prior art. This application can improve the purification effect of spodumene.
[0009] The purpose of this application is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0010] In a first aspect, the application provides a magnetic purification device for spodumene, comprising: a gradient magnetic separation mechanism, including a magnetic separation shell, an electromagnetic rotating body, a magnetic separation feed inlet, a first magnetic separation discharge outlet, and a second magnetic separation discharge outlet; the electromagnetic rotating body is disposed inside the magnetic separation shell and rotates about an axis parallel to a first direction; the magnetic separation feed inlet is disposed on one side of the magnetic separation shell along the first direction, the second magnetic separation discharge outlet is disposed on the other side of the magnetic separation shell along the first direction, and the first magnetic separation discharge outlet is disposed on one side of the magnetic separation shell along a second direction, the first and second directions being perpendicular; and a shaking table separation mechanism, including a shaking table assembly, a shaking table magnetic attraction assembly, and a shaking table separation feed inlet; both the first and second magnetic separation discharge outlets are connected to the shaking table separation feed inlet; the shaking table separation feed inlet is disposed on one side of the shaking table assembly along the second direction; and the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly is disposed at one end of the shaking table assembly along the second direction near the shaking table separation feed inlet.
[0011] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the magnetic sorting housing includes a first receiving cavity and a second receiving cavity disposed along a second direction. The magnetic sorting inlet and the first magnetic sorting outlet are both connected to the first receiving cavity, and the second magnetic sorting outlet is connected to the second receiving cavity. A portion of the electromagnetic rotating body is located in the first receiving cavity, and another portion is located in the second receiving cavity.
[0012] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the electromagnetic rotating body includes: a rotating ring, a portion of which is located in a first receiving cavity and another portion in a second receiving cavity; a plurality of composite medium groups, evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating ring; the composite medium groups include a plurality of rod-shaped composite mediums and a first electromagnetic component, the rod-shaped composite mediums extending along a first direction and sleeved on the first electromagnetic component.
[0013] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the gradient magnetic sorting mechanism further includes: a pulse water flow assembly disposed in the first accommodating cavity, the pulse water flow assembly being used to spray pulse water flow toward the composite medium group, and the spraying direction of the pulse water flow forming an acute angle with the tangent at the sprayed composite medium group.
[0014] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the gradient magnetic sorting mechanism further includes a vibration component disposed in the first receiving cavity.
[0015] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the shaker assembly includes: a shaker body having a sorting surface parallel to a first direction and forming an acute angle with a second direction; a shaking assembly connected to the shaker body for shaking the shaker body; and a rinsing assembly disposed on one side of the shaker body along the first direction.
[0016] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the shaking table magnetic suction assembly is disposed on the side of the shaking table body opposite to the sorting surface; along the extension direction of the sorting surface, the shaking table sorting inlet is located upstream of the rinsing assembly.
[0017] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the shaking table sorting mechanism further includes: a first shaking table sorting outlet and a second shaking table sorting outlet, which are arranged downstream of the rinsing assembly along the extension direction of the sorting surface.
[0018] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the rocker magnetic attraction assembly includes a second electromagnetic assembly.
[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a magnetic purification method for spodumene, which uses the magnetic purification equipment for spodumene according to the first aspect of this application to sort and purify spodumene.
[0020] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of this application, the magnetic purification method for spodumene includes the following steps:
[0021] The ore containing spodumene is crushed and fed into the magnetic separation inlet. An electromagnetic rotator is activated. When a portion of the electromagnetic rotator approaches the second magnetic separation outlet, the first intermediate ore adsorbed by the electromagnetic rotator is released, allowing the first intermediate ore to pass through the second magnetic separation outlet and enter the shaking table separation inlet. The shaking table assembly and the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly are activated to obtain the first and second ores not adsorbed by the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly. The shaking table magnetic attraction assembly is deactivated, and the third and fourth ores adsorbed by the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly are obtained. When the amount of first intermediate ore discharged from the gradient magnetic separation mechanism per unit time is less than a preset value, the electromagnetic rotator is deactivated, allowing the remaining second intermediate ore from the gradient magnetic separation mechanism to pass through the first magnetic separation outlet and enter the shaking table separation inlet. The shaking table assembly is activated to obtain the fifth and sixth ores not adsorbed by the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0023] In the spodumene magnetic purification equipment and method of this application embodiment, an electromagnetic rotating body is disposed inside the magnetic separation shell and rotates about an axis parallel to a first direction. When the crushed ore enters the magnetic separation shell from the magnetic separation feed inlet, the electromagnetic rotating body adsorbs the magnetic first intermediate ore in the ore and carries it to the second magnetic separation discharge inlet, and then into the shaking table separation feed inlet of the shaking table separation mechanism. After being attracted by the shaking table magnetic attraction component of the shaking table separation mechanism, the weaker magnetic first intermediate ore is separated by gravity to obtain a heavier first ore particle and a lighter second ore particle. The shaking table magnetic attraction component is turned off, and the stronger magnetic first intermediate ore is released. Through gravity separation, a heavier third ore particle and a lighter fourth ore particle are obtained. The non-magnetic second intermediate ore in the gradient magnetic separation mechanism enters the shaking table separation feed inlet of the shaking table separation mechanism through the first magnetic separation discharge inlet. The second intermediate ore is subjected to gravity separation using a shaking table assembly to obtain a fifth ore with heavier particles and a sixth ore with lighter particles. The spodumene magnetic purification equipment and method of this application can separate spodumene-containing ore into first, second, third, fifth, and sixth ores with different spodumene proportions, as well as a fourth ore containing almost no spodumene, facilitating subsequent utilization of ores with different spodumene contents. The beneficial effects of the above application examples also lie in their environmental friendliness; there is no pollution from chemical agents, and it belongs to physical separation and purification, making it green, economical, and environmentally friendly.
[0024] In this application, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing this application. The objectives and other advantages of this application can be realized and obtained from the specific points highlighted in the description and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0025] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a spodumene magnetic purification device according to an embodiment of this application.
[0027] Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of the gradient magnetic separation mechanism of the spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to an embodiment of this application.
[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An internal structural diagram of the gradient magnetic separation mechanism of the spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to an embodiment of this application.
[0029] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic rotating body of the gradient magnetic separation mechanism in the spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to an embodiment of this application.
[0030] Figure 5 This is an internal structural diagram of the gradient magnetic separation mechanism along a first direction in the spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to an embodiment of this application.
[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shaking table sorting mechanism in the spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to an embodiment of this application.
[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shaking table sorting mechanism of the spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to an embodiment of this application, along the direction perpendicular to the sorting plane.
[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart of a spodumene magnetic purification method according to an embodiment of this application.
[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an ore sorting method for the magnetic purification of spodumene according to an embodiment of this application.
[0035] Figure label:
[0036] 1. Gradient magnetic sorting mechanism; 11. Magnetic sorting housing; 111. First receiving cavity; 112. Second receiving cavity; 12. Electromagnetic rotating body; 121. Rotating ring; 122. Composite medium group; 13. Magnetic sorting inlet; 14. First magnetic sorting outlet; 15. Second magnetic sorting outlet; 16. Pulse water flow assembly;
[0037] 2. Shaking table sorting mechanism; 21. Shaking table assembly; 211. Shaking table body; 212. Sorting surface; 213. Washing assembly; 22. Shaking table magnetic suction assembly; 23. Shaking table sorting inlet; 24. First shaking table sorting outlet; 25. Second shaking table sorting outlet;
[0038] D1, first direction; D2, second direction. Detailed Implementation
[0039] The preferred embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of this application to illustrate the principles of this application, but are not intended to limit the scope of this application.
[0040] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0041] Throughout the text, the terms “top,” “bottom,” “above,” “below,” and “on top” refer to the relative positions of components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates within the device. It is understood that the device is multifunctional and independent of its spatial orientation.
[0042] The applicant found that the flotation process for spodumene ore beneficiation involves sequential coarse grinding, desliming, and multi-stage flotation. However, during spodumene flotation, the separation of iron-bearing silicate minerals with similar floatability (such as lepidolite, tourmaline, and iron-bearing amphibole) and finely disseminated iron minerals is poor, making it difficult to effectively reduce the iron content in the concentrate. To improve the separation effect, various modifiers, inhibitors, and collectors are often added, resulting in complex reagent formulations that may lead to difficult and costly tailings treatment and certain environmental risks. Fine particles of spodumene or iron-bearing minerals produced during grinding are easily lost in the tailings or enter the concentrate during flotation, causing grade fluctuations and decreased recovery rates. Fluctuations in the properties of the raw ore (such as changes in the type and particle size of iron-bearing minerals) significantly affect the flotation effect, leading to unstable final concentrate quality (especially iron content). Therefore, using flotation to purify spodumene ore affects the purification effect.
[0043] Based on the above analysis, the applicant proposes a magnetic purification device and method for spodumene. The magnetic purification device includes a gradient magnetic separation mechanism and a shaking table separation mechanism. The electromagnetic rotating body of the gradient magnetic separation mechanism is disposed inside the magnetic separation shell and rotates about an axis parallel to a first direction. When the crushed ore enters the magnetic separation shell from the magnetic separation feed inlet, the electromagnetic rotating body adsorbs the magnetic first intermediate ore in the ore and carries it to the second magnetic separation discharge inlet, and then into the shaking table separation feed inlet of the shaking table separation mechanism. After being attracted by the shaking table magnetic attraction component of the shaking table separation mechanism, the weaker magnetic first intermediate ore is separated by gravity to obtain a heavier first ore particle and a lighter second ore particle. When the shaking table magnetic attraction component is closed, the stronger magnetic first intermediate ore is released, and by gravity separation, a heavier third ore particle and a lighter fourth ore particle are obtained. The non-magnetic second intermediate ore in the gradient magnetic separation mechanism enters the shaking table separation inlet of the shaking table separation mechanism via the first magnetic separation outlet. Through gravity separation by the shaking table assembly, the second intermediate ore yields a heavier fifth ore and a lighter sixth ore. The spodumene magnetic purification equipment and method of this application can separate spodumene-containing ore into first, second, third, fifth, and sixth ores with different spodumene proportions, as well as a fourth ore containing almost no spodumene, facilitating subsequent utilization of ores with different spodumene contents.
[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a spodumene magnetic purification device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of the gradient magnetic separation mechanism of the spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 for Figure 2 An internal structural diagram of the gradient magnetic separation mechanism of the spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic rotating body of the gradient magnetic separation mechanism in the spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is an internal structural diagram of the gradient magnetic separation mechanism along a first direction in the spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shaking table sorting mechanism in the spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shaking table sorting mechanism of the spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to an embodiment of this application, along the direction perpendicular to the sorting plane.
[0045] Please see Figures 1 to 7This application provides a magnetic purification device for spodumene, including a gradient magnetic separation mechanism 1 and a shaking table separation mechanism 2. The gradient magnetic separation mechanism 1 includes a magnetic separation shell 11, an electromagnetic rotating body 12, a magnetic separation inlet 13, a first magnetic separation outlet 14, and a second magnetic separation outlet 15. The electromagnetic rotating body 12 is disposed inside the magnetic separation shell 11 and rotates around an axis parallel to a first direction D1. The magnetic separation inlet 13 is disposed on one side of the magnetic separation shell 11 along the first direction D1, and the second magnetic separation outlet 15 is disposed on the magnetic separation shell 11. Along the other side of the first direction D1, the first magnetic sorting outlet 14 is disposed on one side of the magnetic sorting housing 11 along the second direction D2, and the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are perpendicular; the shaking table sorting mechanism 2 includes a shaking table assembly 21, a shaking table magnetic suction assembly 22 and a shaking table sorting inlet 23, and the first magnetic sorting outlet 14 and the second magnetic sorting outlet 15 are both connected to the shaking table sorting inlet 23; the shaking table sorting inlet 23 is disposed on one side of the shaking table assembly 21 along the second direction D2; the shaking table magnetic suction assembly 22 is disposed at one end of the shaking table assembly 21 along the second direction D2 near the shaking table sorting inlet 23.
[0046] In this embodiment, the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are perpendicular to each other. When the spodumene magnetic purification equipment of this embodiment is placed on a horizontal plane, the first direction D1 corresponds to the horizontal direction, and the second direction D2 corresponds to the vertical direction.
[0047] The gradient magnetic separation mechanism 1 is used for preliminary screening of ore containing spodumene. The magnetic separation shell 11 protects the internal components and forms a space to accommodate the ore. An electromagnetic rotating body 12 is disposed inside the magnetic separation shell 11. The electromagnetic rotating body 12 can be energized to generate a magnetic field, which is used to magnetically attract magnetic ores (such as magnetite and pyrrhotite) in the ore. The magnetic separation inlet 13 is connected to the internal space of the magnetic separation shell 11, allowing ore containing spodumene to enter the magnetic separation shell 11. After the electromagnetic rotating body 12 is energized to generate a magnetic field, as it rotates, the magnetic ores in the ore containing spodumene are attracted to the electromagnetic rotating body 12, leaving non-magnetic ore. The second magnetic separation outlet 15 is located on the other side of the magnetic separation shell 11 along the first direction D1. Magnetic ore attracted by the electromagnetic rotating body 12 is driven to the second magnetic separation outlet 15 and released, allowing the magnetic ore to be discharged from the second magnetic separation outlet 15 to form the first intermediate ore (magnetic ore). The remaining non-magnetic ore is discharged from the first magnetic separation outlet 14 to form the second intermediate ore (non-magnetic ore). It should be emphasized that the first intermediate ore and the second intermediate ore are not discharged from the gradient magnetic separation mechanism 1 at the same time.
[0048] The shaking table separation mechanism 2 is used for gravity separation and / or magnetic separation of the first intermediate ore and the second intermediate ore. The shaking table assembly 21 can realize the gravity separation process, and the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly 22 can realize the magnetic separation process. The shaking table magnetic attraction assembly 22 is located at the end of the shaking table assembly 21 along the second direction D2 near the shaking table separation inlet 23. That is to say, for magnetic ore (first intermediate ore), magnetic separation is performed first and then gravity separation is performed, while for non-magnetic ore (second intermediate ore), magnetic separation is not required and gravity separation is performed directly.
[0049] It should be noted that the electromagnetic rotating body 12 is used to separate magnetic ores from non-magnetic ores, and the shaking table magnetic attraction component 22 is used to separate strongly magnetic ores from weakly magnetic ores in magnetic ores. Therefore, the magnetic field strength of the electromagnetic rotating body 12 is greater than that of the shaking table magnetic attraction component 22.
[0050] In the process of using the spodumene magnetic purification equipment of this application embodiment, the crushed spodumene-containing ore is first added to the magnetic separation feed inlet 13. The ore entering the magnetic separation shell 11 is agitated by the rotating electromagnetic body 12, thereby causing the magnetic ore to be attracted by the electromagnetic body 12. As the electromagnetic body 12 rotates, the magnetic ore is carried to the second magnetic separation discharge outlet 15 to form the first intermediate ore. The first intermediate ore enters the shaking table separation mechanism 2 from the shaking table separation feed inlet 23. The first intermediate ore with stronger magnetic properties is attracted by the shaking table magnetic attraction component 22, while the first intermediate ore with weaker magnetic properties passes through the area corresponding to the shaking table magnetic attraction component 22 and is re-separated by the shaking table component 21, forming the first ore with heavier particles and the second ore with lighter particles. After the weaker magnetic first intermediate ore is separated by gravity, the shaking table magnetic attraction component 22 is turned off, releasing the stronger magnetic first intermediate ore. This portion of the first intermediate ore is then re-separated by the shaking table component 21, forming the heavier third ore and the lighter fourth ore. After the electromagnetic rotating body 12 has almost completely adsorbed the magnetic ore from the spodumene-containing ore added to the gradient magnetic separation mechanism 1, the remaining non-magnetic ore is discharged from the first magnetic separation outlet 14, forming the second intermediate ore. After the second intermediate ore enters the shaking table separation inlet 23, considering that the second intermediate ore is almost non-magnetic, the shaking table magnetic attraction component 22 can be deactivated, and only the second intermediate ore is re-separated. After re-separation by the shaking table component 21, the heavier fifth ore and the lighter sixth ore are obtained.
[0051] The first, second, third, fifth, and sixth ores are all spodumene-containing ores with varying proportions, while the fourth ore is an ore containing almost no spodumene. After using the spodumene magnetic purification equipment of this application embodiment, the fifth ore, which is almost non-magnetic and has relatively heavy particles, can be used as purified spodumene ore, wherein the lithium oxide content is not less than 6.39%, exceeding the international standard of 6% lithium oxide content for Grade I spodumene concentrate. The first, second, third, and sixth ores containing spodumene can be further processed separately, and this application does not impose any restrictions.
[0052] Further reading Figure 3 The magnetic sorting housing 11 includes a first receiving cavity 111 and a second receiving cavity 112 arranged along the second direction D2. The magnetic sorting inlet 13 and the first magnetic sorting outlet 14 are both connected to the first receiving cavity 111, and the second magnetic sorting outlet 15 is connected to the second receiving cavity 112. A portion of the electromagnetic rotating body 12 is located in the first receiving cavity 111, and another portion is located in the second receiving cavity 112. A partition plate is provided between the first receiving cavity 111 and the second receiving cavity 112. This partition plate does not completely separate the two sorting spaces; a gap is reserved between the partition plate and the inner wall of the magnetic sorting housing 11, allowing the electromagnetic rotating body 12 to rotate normally. Furthermore, the partition plate is arranged at an angle, with a gap formed between the high end of the partition plate and the inner wall of the magnetic separation shell 11. This gap connects the first receiving cavity 111 and the second receiving cavity 112. The low end of the partition plate is connected to the inner wall of the magnetic separation shell 11 and can guide ore particles into the second magnetic separation outlet 15. The ore attracted by the electromagnetic rotating body 12 and carried to the second receiving cavity 112 is released from the second receiving cavity 112 and then guided into the second magnetic separation outlet 15 under the action of the partition plate.
[0053] The magnetic separation feed inlet 13 is connected to the first receiving cavity 111, and crushed spodumene-containing ore is added into the first receiving cavity 111 through the magnetic separation feed inlet 13. A portion of the electromagnetic rotating body 12 is located in the first receiving cavity 111, and the other portion is located in the second receiving cavity 112. The electromagnetic rotating body 12 can magnetically attract and move magnetic ore from the first receiving cavity 111 to the second receiving cavity 112, and release the magnetic ore into the second receiving cavity 112. The second magnetic separation discharge outlet 15 is connected to the second receiving cavity 112, and the magnetic ore in the second receiving cavity 112 can be discharged through the second magnetic separation discharge outlet 15. The first magnetic separation discharge outlet 14 is connected to the first receiving cavity 111, and non-magnetic ore is left in the second receiving cavity 112 and discharged through the first magnetic separation discharge outlet 14. It is understood that the first receiving cavity 111 and the second receiving cavity can be connected to each other. The bottom of the second receiving cavity 112 should be inclined toward the second magnetic separation outlet 15, so that the magnetic ore released by the electromagnetic rotating body 12 will be discharged from the second magnetic separation outlet 15 and will hardly fall back into the first receiving cavity 111.
[0054] Further reading Figure 4 The electromagnetic rotating body 12 includes: a rotating ring 121, a portion of which is located in the first receiving cavity 111 and another portion in the second receiving cavity 112; a plurality of composite medium groups 122, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating ring 121; the composite medium group includes a plurality of rod-shaped composite media and a first electromagnetic component, the rod-shaped composite media extending along the first direction D1 and being sleeved on the first electromagnetic component.
[0055] A portion of the rotating ring 121 is located in the first receiving cavity 111, and another portion is located in the second receiving cavity 112, allowing the composite medium assembly mounted on the rotating ring 121 to periodically reciprocate within the first and second receiving cavities 111 and 112. Multiple composite medium assemblies 122 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the rotating ring 121. As the rotating ring 121 rotates, each composite medium assembly can move a certain amount of magnetic ore from the first receiving cavity 111 to the second receiving cavity 112, until almost all the magnetic ore in the first receiving cavity 111 has been moved to the second receiving cavity 112, leaving only non-magnetic ore in the first receiving cavity 111. Furthermore, as the rotating ring 121 rotates, the composite medium assembly can also agitate the ore in the first receiving cavity 111, allowing the magnetic ore to be adsorbed by the composite medium assembly as much as possible, thereby reducing magnetic ore impurities (such as magnetite, pyrrhotite, etc.) in the second intermediate ore.
[0056] In each composite medium group, rod-shaped composite media are sleeved outside the first electromagnetic component, and multiple rod-shaped composite media are arranged side by side, which increases the effective area of the composite medium group, allowing for sufficient adsorption of magnetic ores and improving the adsorption efficiency of magnetic ores. Whether the composite medium group generates a magnetic field can be controlled by controlling whether the first electromagnetic component is operational. When a composite medium group enters the first receiving cavity 111, the first electromagnetic component is activated to generate a magnetic field to adsorb magnetic ores; when the composite medium group enters the second receiving cavity 112, the first electromagnetic component is deactivated to eliminate the magnetic field and release the magnetic ores. For example, the surface of the rod-shaped composite media can be coated with a hydrophilic coating to reduce the possibility of non-magnetic ores (especially spodumene) being mechanically entrained and physically adsorbed.
[0057] Further reading Figure 5 The gradient magnetic sorting mechanism 1 further includes a pulse water flow assembly 16, which is disposed in the first receiving cavity 111. The pulse water flow assembly 16 is used to spray pulse water flow toward the composite medium group, and the spraying direction of the pulse water flow forms an acute angle with the tangent at the sprayed composite medium group.
[0058] The pulsed water flow component 16 is used to spray pulsed water flow towards the composite medium group, flushing the ore adsorbed on the composite medium group. This allows non-magnetic ore that is mechanically entrained and physically adsorbed to detach from the composite medium group, thereby increasing the proportion of spodumene in the second intermediate ore. Consequently, it increases the proportion of spodumene in the fifth ore obtained after gravity separation of the second intermediate ore, thus improving the spodumene purification effect of the spodumene magnetic purification equipment in this embodiment. Furthermore, after the water flow enters the first receiving cavity 111, it can increase the fluidity of the ore-water mixture within the first receiving cavity 111, making it easier for magnetic minerals to be adsorbed by the composite medium group.
[0059] The jet direction of the pulsed water flow forms an acute angle with the tangent at the composite medium group being sprayed, allowing the pulsed water flow to directly penetrate the gaps between the multiple rod-shaped composite media in the composite medium group. This creates a "washing" effect on the magnetic ores adsorbed on the surface of the rod-shaped composite media, preferentially washing away non-magnetic, poorly adsorbed impurities (such as lithium mica) and fine-grained spodumene particles, thereby improving the sorting selectivity.
[0060] Furthermore, the gradient magnetic separation mechanism 1 also includes a vibration component (not shown in the figure) disposed in the first receiving cavity 111. The vibration component is used to vibrate the mixture of ore and water within the first receiving cavity 111 to improve the fluidity of the mixture, thereby making it easier for the magnetic ore in the mixture to be adsorbed by the magnetic field of the composite medium group, thus improving the efficiency of magnetic separation. Exemplarily, the vibration component can be a rod-shaped structure that extends into the first receiving cavity 111, and the vibration of the rod-shaped structure agitates the mixture of ore and water.
[0061] Further reading Figure 6 and Figure 7 The shaker assembly 21 includes: a shaker body 211 having a sorting surface 212 parallel to a first direction D1 and forming an acute angle with a second direction D2; a shaking assembly connected to the shaker body 211 for shaking the shaker body 211; and a rinsing assembly 213 disposed on one side of the shaker body 211 along the first direction D1.
[0062] The shaking table body 211 has a sorting surface 212, which is parallel to the first direction D1 and forms an acute angle with the second direction D2, such that the sorting surface 212 of the shaking table body 211 forms an inclined plane that is inclined to the horizontal plane. The shaking assembly shakes the shaking table body 211, causing the shaking table body 211 to shake appropriately. The washing assembly 213 is used to wash the ore particles on the sorting surface 212. When the ore falls on the top of the sorting surface 212, the ore particles will move along the inclined direction of the sorting surface 212 as the shaking table body 211 vibrates. During this process, the washing assembly 213 washes the ore particles along the inclined direction perpendicular to the sorting surface 212, so that the lighter particles (considering that the particle size is basically the same, usually referring to the lower density) will move along the inclined direction of the sorting surface 212 while also moving in the inclined direction perpendicular to the sorting surface 212. The ore can be sorted according to the distance of movement in the inclined direction perpendicular to the sorting surface 212, that is, gravity sorting of ore.
[0063] Specifically, after the weakly magnetic ore particles in the first intermediate ore are separated by gravity using the shaking table assembly 21, heavier first ore particles and lighter second ore particles are obtained; after the strongly magnetic ore particles in the first intermediate ore are separated by gravity using the shaking table assembly 21, heavier third ore particles and lighter fourth ore particles are obtained; after the second intermediate ore is separated by gravity using the shaking table assembly 21, heavier fifth ore particles and lighter sixth ore particles are obtained.
[0064] Further reading Figure 6 and Figure 7 The shaking table magnetic attraction component 22 is located on the side of the shaking table body 211 opposite to the sorting surface 212; along the extending direction of the sorting surface 212, the shaking table sorting inlet 23 is located upstream of the flushing component 213. When ore falls onto the shaking table body 211, the shaking table magnetic attraction component 22 can first attract the ore particles with stronger magnetism, while the ore particles with weaker magnetism can continue to move along the sorting surface 212, that is, to realize the magnetic separation process. The ore particles with weaker magnetism continue to move along the sorting surface 212 and are separated by gravity by the shaking table component 21. The shaking table magnetic attraction component 22 then releases the ore particles with stronger magnetism, so that the ore particles with stronger magnetism are separated by gravity by the shaking table component 21.
[0065] Specifically, after the first intermediate ore falls onto the sorting surface 212, the shaking table magnetic adsorption component 22 adsorbs the ore particles with stronger magnetism, while the ore particles with weaker magnetism can continue to move along the sorting surface 212. After gravity sorting by the shaking table component 21, the first ore particles with heavier magnetism and the second ore particles with lighter magnetism are obtained. After all the ore particles with weaker magnetism have been sorted by gravity, the shaking table magnetic adsorption component 22 releases the ore particles with stronger magnetism. After gravity sorting by the shaking table component 21, the third ore particles with heavier magnetism and the fourth ore particles with lighter magnetism are obtained.
[0066] Furthermore, the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly 22 includes a second electromagnetic component. Whether the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly 22 generates a magnetic field can be controlled by controlling whether the second electromagnetic component is operational. After the first intermediate ore falls onto the sorting surface 212, the second electromagnetic component operates, causing the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly 22 to generate a magnetic field, attracting strongly magnetic ore particles. When all the weakly magnetic ore particles have been separated by gravity, the second electromagnetic component stops, eliminating the magnetic field of the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly 22 and releasing the strongly magnetic ore particles.
[0067] Further reading Figure 6 and Figure 7 The shaking table sorting mechanism 2 further includes: a first shaking table sorting outlet 24 and a second shaking table sorting outlet 25. Along the extension direction of the sorting surface 212, the first shaking table sorting outlet 24 and the second shaking table sorting outlet 25 are arranged downstream of the rinsing assembly 213 along the first direction D1.
[0068] The first shaking table sorting outlet 24 and the second shaking table sorting outlet 25 are positioned differently along the inclination direction of the vertical sorting surface 212, thus respectively discharging ore particles that have moved different distances along the inclination direction of the vertical sorting surface 212. Specifically, for the first intermediate ore with weaker magnetism, through gravity separation, the heavier first ore particles are discharged from the first shaking table sorting outlet 24, and the lighter second ore particles are discharged from the second shaking table sorting outlet 25; for the first intermediate ore with stronger magnetism, through gravity separation, the heavier third ore particles are discharged from the first shaking table sorting outlet 24, and the lighter fourth ore particles are discharged from the second shaking table sorting outlet 25; for the second intermediate ore, through gravity separation, the heavier fifth ore particles are discharged from the first shaking table sorting outlet 24, and the lighter sixth ore particles are discharged from the second shaking table sorting outlet 25.
[0069] It should be noted that the operation of the spodumene magnetic purification equipment in this embodiment is controlled by a control system. The operating procedures and related parameters of the equipment can be preset in the control system, such as the rotational speed of the electromagnetic rotor, the power-on / off procedures of the first and second electromagnetic components, and the operating procedures and parameters of components such as the vibration component, rinsing component, pulsed water flow component, and shaking component. Specific settings can be made according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, existing control technology can be used to achieve the normal operation of the purification equipment.
[0070] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart of a spodumene magnetic purification method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an ore sorting method for the magnetic purification of spodumene according to an embodiment of this application.
[0071] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 This application also provides a spodumene magnetic purification method using the spodumene magnetic purification equipment described in the foregoing embodiments of this application.
[0072] The spodumene magnetic purification method according to embodiments of this application includes:
[0073] Step S1: Add ore.
[0074] The ore containing spodumene is crushed into ore particles of similar size. The crushed ore particles are then added to the magnetic separator feed inlet 13, and the ore will enter the first receiving cavity 111 of the magnetic separator shell 11.
[0075] Step S2: Preliminary magnetic sorting.
[0076] The electromagnetic rotating body 12 is activated and rotates inside the magnetic separation shell 11. When a part of the electromagnetic rotating body 12 (a composite medium group) is located in the first receiving cavity 111, a magnetic field is generated, which adsorbs the magnetic ore in the ore, that is, adsorbs the first intermediate ore. When the part (the composite medium group) rotates to be close to the second magnetic separation outlet 15 (entering the second receiving cavity 112), the magnetic field is eliminated, and the first intermediate ore is released, so that the first intermediate ore enters the shaking table separation feed inlet 23 through the second magnetic separation outlet 15.
[0077] Step S3: Start the rocker assembly 21 and the rocker magnetic attraction assembly 22.
[0078] The first intermediate ore enters the shaking table sorting inlet 23 and moves along the shaking table body 211 of the shaking table assembly 21. The shaking table magnetic attraction assembly 22 generates a magnetic field, adsorbing the strongly magnetic ore in the first intermediate ore, thus achieving secondary magnetic separation. The weakly magnetic ore continues to move and, under the washing action of the washing assembly 213, moves in an inclined direction perpendicular to the sorting surface 212. The lighter ore particles move further, and the heavier ore particles move closer, that is, gravity separation is achieved. The heavier first ore particles are discharged from the first shaking table sorting outlet 24, and the lighter second ore particles are discharged from the second shaking table sorting outlet 25.
[0079] Step S4: Close the rocker magnetic suction assembly 22.
[0080] The magnetic attraction component 22 of the shaking table cancels the magnetic field and releases the strongly magnetic ore particles in the first intermediate ore. The strongly magnetic ore moves along the sorting surface 212 of the shaking table body 211. Under the washing action of the washing component 213, it moves in an inclined direction perpendicular to the sorting surface 212. The lighter ore particles will move further and the heavier ore particles will move closer, that is, gravity separation is achieved. The heavier third ore particles are discharged from the first shaking table sorting outlet 24, and the lighter fourth ore particles are discharged from the second shaking table sorting outlet 25.
[0081] Step S5: Turn off the electromagnetic rotating body 12.
[0082] Repeat steps S2 to S4 until the amount of the first intermediate ore discharged from the gradient magnetic separation mechanism 1 per unit time is less than a preset value. It can be considered that the magnetic ore in the first receiving cavity 111 has been moved to the second receiving cavity 112 by the electromagnetic rotating body 12. That is to say, the ore in the first receiving cavity 111 can be considered to be non-magnetic ore, i.e., the second intermediate ore. After the electromagnetic rotating body 12 is turned off, the second intermediate ore enters the shaking table separation feed inlet 23 through the first magnetic separation discharge port 14.
[0083] Step S6: Start the shaker assembly 21.
[0084] Considering that the second intermediate ore is non-magnetic, there is no need to activate the shaking table magnetic suction component 22. The second intermediate ore moves along the sorting surface 212 of the shaking table body 211. Under the washing action of the washing component 213, it moves in an inclined direction perpendicular to the sorting surface 212. The lighter ore particles will move further, and the heavier ore particles will move closer. That is, gravity separation is achieved. The heavier fifth ore particles are discharged from the first shaking table sorting outlet 24, and the lighter sixth ore particles are discharged from the second shaking table sorting outlet 25.
[0085] In summary, this application provides a spodumene magnetic purification device and method. The spodumene magnetic purification device includes a gradient magnetic separation mechanism and a shaking table separation mechanism. An electromagnetic rotating body is disposed within the magnetic separation shell and rotates about an axis parallel to a first direction. When the crushed ore enters the magnetic separation shell through the magnetic separation feed inlet, the electromagnetic rotating body adsorbs the magnetic first intermediate ore in the ore and carries it to the second magnetic separation discharge inlet, and then into the shaking table separation feed inlet of the shaking table separation mechanism. Attracted by the shaking table magnetic attraction component of the shaking table separation mechanism, the weaker magnetic first intermediate ore undergoes gravity separation to obtain heavier first ore particles and lighter second ore particles. The shaking table magnetic attraction component is then closed, releasing the stronger magnetic first intermediate ore, which undergoes gravity separation to obtain heavier third ore particles and lighter fourth ore particles. The non-magnetic second intermediate ore in the gradient magnetic separation mechanism enters the shaking table separation feed inlet of the shaking table separation mechanism via the first magnetic separation discharge inlet. The second intermediate ore is subjected to gravity separation using a shaking table assembly to obtain a fifth ore with heavier particles and a sixth ore with lighter particles. The spodumene magnetic purification equipment and method of this application can separate spodumene-containing ore into first ore, second ore, third ore, fifth ore, and sixth ore with different spodumene proportions, as well as a fourth ore containing almost no spodumene, to facilitate subsequent utilization of ores with different spodumene contents.
[0086] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A magnetic purification device for spodumene, characterized in that, include: A gradient magnetic sorting mechanism includes a magnetic sorting housing, an electromagnetic rotating body, a magnetic sorting inlet, a first magnetic sorting outlet, and a second magnetic sorting outlet. The electromagnetic rotating body is disposed inside the magnetic sorting housing and rotates about an axis parallel to a first direction. The magnetic sorting inlet is disposed on one side of the magnetic sorting housing along the first direction, the second magnetic sorting outlet is disposed on the other side of the magnetic sorting housing along the first direction, and the first magnetic sorting outlet is disposed on one side of the magnetic sorting housing along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. A shaking table sorting mechanism includes a shaking table assembly, a shaking table magnetic suction assembly, and a shaking table sorting inlet. The first magnetic sorting outlet and the second magnetic sorting outlet are both connected to the shaking table sorting inlet. The shaking table sorting inlet is located on one side of the shaking table assembly along the second direction. The shaking table magnetic suction assembly is located at one end of the shaking table assembly along the second direction near the shaking table sorting inlet.
2. The spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic sorting housing includes a first receiving cavity and a second receiving cavity arranged along the second direction. The magnetic sorting inlet and the first magnetic sorting outlet are both connected to the first receiving cavity, and the second magnetic sorting outlet is connected to the second receiving cavity. A portion of the electromagnetic rotating body is located in the first receiving cavity, and another portion is located in the second receiving cavity.
3. The spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electromagnetic rotating body includes: A rotating ring, a portion of which is located in the first receiving cavity and the other portion of which is located in the second receiving cavity; Multiple composite medium groups are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating ring; each composite medium group includes multiple rod-shaped composite media and a first electromagnetic component, the rod-shaped composite media extending along the first direction and sleeved on the first electromagnetic component.
4. The spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gradient magnetic sorting mechanism further includes: A pulsed water flow assembly is disposed within the first accommodating cavity, and the pulsed water flow assembly is used to spray pulsed water flow toward the composite medium group.
5. The spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gradient magnetic sorting mechanism also includes a vibration component disposed in the first receiving cavity.
6. The spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaker assembly includes: The shaking table body has a sorting surface, which is parallel to the first direction and forms an acute angle with the second direction; A rocking component, connected to the shaker body, is used to rock the shaker body; A rinsing assembly is disposed on one side of the shaker body along the first direction.
7. The spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The magnetic suction assembly of the shaking table is disposed on the side of the shaking table body opposite to the sorting surface; along the extension direction of the sorting surface, the sorting inlet of the shaking table is located upstream of the rinsing assembly.
8. The spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The shaking table sorting mechanism further includes: a first shaking table sorting outlet and a second shaking table sorting outlet, which are arranged downstream of the rinsing assembly along the extension direction of the sorting surface.
9. A magnetic purification method for spodumene, characterized in that, The spodumene magnetic purification equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to sort and purify spodumene.
10. The magnetic purification method for spodumene according to claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The ore containing spodumene is crushed and added to the magnetic sorting feed inlet; When the electromagnetic rotating body is activated, and a part of the electromagnetic rotating body approaches the second magnetic separation outlet, the first intermediate ore adsorbed by the electromagnetic rotating body is released, so that the first intermediate ore enters the shaking table separation inlet through the second magnetic separation outlet. Start the shaking table assembly and the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly to obtain the first and second ores that were not attracted by the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly; Turn off the magnetic attraction component of the shaker and obtain the third and fourth ores that were attracted by the magnetic attraction component of the shaker. When the amount of the first intermediate ore discharged from the gradient magnetic separation mechanism per unit time is less than a preset value, the electromagnetic rotating body is turned off, so that the remaining second intermediate ore of the gradient magnetic separation mechanism enters the shaking table separation feed port through the first magnetic separation discharge port. Start the shaking table assembly to obtain the fifth and sixth ores that were not attracted by the shaking table magnetic attraction assembly.