Automobile surface spraying treatment device and technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of spraying devices, in particular to an automobile surface spraying treatment device and process. The automobile surface spraying treatment device comprises a machine body, a filter plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the machine body, a mounting frame is arranged above the filter plate, the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the machine body, and two electric suction cups are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the mounting frame; a spraying mechanical arm is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the machine body, and the output end of the spraying mechanical arm fixedly communicates with a spraying head. Through the arranged negative pressure cleaning assembly, paint mist generated by spraying can be cleaned in time, the situation that the paint mist is attached to pollute workpieces and equipment and paint slag is accumulated to damage parts is avoided, meanwhile, it is guaranteed that exhausted air is clean, the negative pressure effect is stable, and the spraying quality and the environmental protection property are effectively improved; paint mist impurities on the draft fan blades can be automatically scraped and cleaned in a targeted mode, manual cleaning is not needed, and therefore the spraying efficiency of the device can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spraying equipment technology, and specifically to an automotive surface spraying treatment device and process. Background Technology

[0002] In the automotive manufacturing process, surface coating is a key process for enhancing and protecting the appearance of the vehicle. Its core purpose is to form a uniform and smooth coating on the surface of the car body and parts, which not only improves the appearance of the car, but also plays a role in preventing corrosion, rust, and wear, thus extending the service life of the car. Automotive surface coating equipment is the core equipment for realizing this process and is widely used in automotive manufacturing plants, automotive parts processing plants and other scenarios.

[0003] Existing automotive surface coating equipment and processes suffer from numerous technical shortcomings in practical applications, failing to meet the demands for efficient, precise, and clean coating: First, paint mist generated during the coating process cannot be cleaned up promptly and thoroughly, easily adhering to the workpiece surface and causing problems such as sagging, particles, and defects in the coating, affecting coating quality; Second, the cleaning status of cleaning components cannot be judged in real time, and paint mist easily accumulates on components such as exhaust fan blades, leading to a decrease in negative pressure effect, an increase in equipment operating resistance, and even malfunctions such as fan blade jamming and motor overload. Furthermore, regular inspection and cleaning are required, making operation cumbersome and maintenance costs high, impacting production efficiency; Third, there is a lack of fan blade cleaning measures, resulting in poor cleaning targeting and an inability to quickly remove paint mist impurities from the fan blades, leaving residues after cleaning and leading to poor cleaning results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an automotive surface spraying treatment device and process, which can effectively solve the problems of poor spraying quality, untimely paint mist removal, and inability to automatically determine the cleaning status in the existing technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides an automotive surface spraying treatment device and process, including a machine body, a filter plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the machine body, a mounting frame provided above the filter plate, the mounting frame fixedly connected to the inner wall of the machine body, two electric suction cups fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting frame, a spraying robotic arm fixedly mounted on the side wall of the machine body, and a spray nozzle fixedly connected to the output end of the spraying robotic arm. The cleaning mechanism includes a negative pressure cleaning component, a cleaning judgment component, and a fan blade cleaning component. The cleaning judgment component is used to judge the cleaning status of the negative pressure cleaning component and determine whether the negative pressure cleaning component needs to be cleaned. At the same time, it works with the fan blade cleaning component to perform targeted cleaning of the negative pressure cleaning component.

[0006] According to the above-mentioned automotive surface spraying treatment device and process, the negative pressure cleaning component includes a motor fixedly connected to the upper surface of the machine body via a bracket, a transmission rod fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, a rotating shaft fixedly connected to the output end of the transmission rod, the rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the inner top surface of the machine body via a bearing, a guide cylinder fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the machine body, multiple ventilation slots being provided between the guide cylinder and the upper surface of the machine body, an exhaust fan blade fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and a filter screen being installed inside the guide cylinder.

[0007] According to the above-mentioned automotive surface spraying treatment device and process, the cleaning judgment component includes an annular plate fixedly connected to the circumference of a transmission rod. A cavity is opened inside the transmission rod. A sleeve is slidably sleeved on the transmission rod. A spring is fixedly connected between the upper surface of the sleeve and the annular plate. A variable resistance rod is fixedly installed inside the cavity. Two No. 1 connecting rods are hinged to the side wall of the sleeve. Two No. 2 connecting rods are hinged to the side wall of the rotating shaft. The side ends of the two No. 2 connecting rods are respectively hinged to the side ends of the two No. 1 connecting rods. Two No. 1 limiting grooves are opened between the side wall of the transmission rod and the cavity. A No. 1 limiting block is slidably connected in each of the two No. 1 limiting grooves. Both No. 1 limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. A conductive ring is sleeved on the variable resistance rod. Both No. 1 limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the side wall of the conductive ring. A PLC controller is fixedly installed on the side wall of the machine body.

[0008] According to the above-mentioned automotive surface spraying treatment device and process, the fan blade cleaning assembly includes a sliding cylinder that is sealed and slidably connected inside a guide cylinder. An annular cleaning frame is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sliding cylinder. Two second-order limiting grooves are opened on the side wall of the guide cylinder. A second-order limiting block is slidably connected in each of the two second-order limiting grooves. Both second-order limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding cylinder. Two electric push rods are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the machine body. The output ends of the two electric push rods penetrate the inner top surface of the machine body and are respectively fixedly connected to the upper surface of the two second-order limiting blocks.

[0009] According to the above-mentioned automotive surface spraying treatment device and process, the spring is sleeved on the transmission rod, and the two connecting rods No. 1 and No. 2 are respectively located on both sides of the transmission rod and the rotating shaft.

[0010] According to the above-mentioned automotive surface spraying treatment device and process, the variable resistance rod, conductive ring, and electric push rod are all electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the circuit formed between the variable resistance rod, conductive ring, electric push rod, and PLC controller is electrically connected to an external power supply.

[0011] According to the above-mentioned automotive surface spraying treatment device and process, the exhaust fan blade is located inside the guide cylinder, the annular cleaning frame is located below the exhaust fan blade, and the transmission rod, rotating shaft, guide cylinder and sliding cylinder are all concentrically arranged.

[0012] According to the above-mentioned automotive surface spraying treatment device and process, a plurality of ventilation slots are evenly distributed along the circumference of the guide cylinder, and the opening direction of the ventilation slots is parallel to the axis of the guide cylinder.

[0013] According to the above-mentioned automotive surface spraying treatment device and process, the outer wall of the sliding cylinder is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the guide cylinder, and the filter plate is horizontally arranged inside the machine body.

[0014] A process for an automotive surface coating treatment device, the specific process is as follows: S1. Workpiece Fixing: Place the automotive workpiece to be painted above the filter plate inside the machine body, and fix it by adsorption using the electric suction cup on the mounting bracket to ensure that there is no displacement during spraying.

[0015] S2. Spraying and negative pressure cleaning: Start the spraying robotic arm, and the nozzle sprays the workpiece according to the preset path. At the same time, start the negative pressure cleaning component. The exhaust fan blades rotate to form negative pressure, and the paint mist generated by spraying is filtered and discharged from the machine through the ventilation slot.

[0016] S3. Negative pressure cleaning component status judgment: The cleaning judgment component monitors in real time. When the resistance of the exhaust fan blade increases due to paint mist accumulation, the sleeve displacement causes the conductive ring to slide along the variable resistance rod. The PLC controller determines whether cleaning is required based on the change in resistance signal.

[0017] S4. Automatic Cleaning: After the PLC controller determines that cleaning is required, it starts the electric push rod to move the sliding cylinder and the annular cleaning frame upward to scrape and clean the paint mist and impurities on the exhaust fan blades. After cleaning, it automatically resets.

[0018] S5. Unloading and Residual Cleaning: After the spraying is completed, the negative pressure cleaning component continues to operate to clean the residual paint mist inside the machine. Then, the electric suction cup is released, and the workpiece is taken out for subsequent drying, polishing and other treatments.

[0019] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the known prior art: 1. The present invention, through the design of a negative pressure cleaning component, can generate a stable negative pressure and filter and discharge paint mist through the coordinated operation of a motor, transmission rod, rotating shaft, exhaust fan blade, guide cylinder, filter screen and ventilation slot. This can promptly clean up the paint mist generated during spraying, prevent paint mist from adhering and contaminating workpieces and equipment, and prevent paint residue from accumulating and damaging parts. At the same time, it ensures clean exhaust air and stable negative pressure effect, effectively improving spraying quality and environmental protection, and improving paint mist cleaning efficiency.

[0020] 2. The present invention, through the cleaning judgment component, can convert the change in the rotational resistance of the exhaust fan blades into a recognizable resistance signal through the coordinated action of the annular plate, spring, first connecting rod, second connecting rod, first limiting groove, first limiting block, variable resistance rod, conductive ring and PLC controller. This allows for real-time and accurate judgment of the cleaning status of the negative pressure cleaning component without manual inspection, providing a precise start signal for the fan blade cleaning component, reducing the intensity of manual operation, and avoiding blind cleaning or omissions in cleaning.

[0021] 3. The present invention, through the fan blade cleaning component, can automatically scrape and clean paint mist impurities on the exhaust fan blades by means of the coordinated cooperation of the sliding cylinder, the annular cleaning frame, the second limiting groove, the second limiting block and the electric push rod, and the electric push rod driven by the PLC controller to lift and lower. This eliminates the need for manual cleaning, reduces maintenance costs and improves cleaning efficiency. Moreover, it can automatically reset after cleaning, without affecting the normal operation of spraying and negative pressure cleaning, thereby improving the spraying efficiency of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying process of the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals: 1. Machine body; 11. Filter plate; 12. Mounting bracket; 13. Electric suction cup; 14. Spraying robotic arm; 15. Spray head; 2. Negative pressure cleaning assembly; 21. Motor; 22. Transmission rod; 23. Rotating shaft; 24. Guide cylinder; 25. Ventilation slot; 26. Exhaust fan blade; 3. Cleaning judgment assembly; 31. Annular plate; 32. Cavity; 33. Sleeve; 34. Spring; 35. Variable resistance rod; 36. Connecting rod No. 1; 37. Connecting rod No. 2; 38. Limiting groove No. 1; 39. Limiting block No. 1; 310. Conductive ring; 311. PLC controller; 4. Fan blade cleaning assembly; 41. Sliding cylinder; 42. Annular cleaning frame; 43. Limiting groove No. 2; 44. Limiting block No. 2; 45. Electric push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0027] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 8 A car surface spraying treatment device and process includes a body 1, a filter plate 11 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the body 1, a mounting frame 12 provided above the filter plate 11, the mounting frame 12 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the body 1, two electric suction cups 13 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting frame 12, a spraying robot arm 14 fixedly mounted on the side wall of the body 1, and a spray nozzle 15 fixedly connected to the output end of the spraying robot arm 14. The cleaning mechanism includes a negative pressure cleaning component 2, a cleaning judgment component 3, and a fan blade cleaning component 4. The cleaning judgment component 3 is used to judge the cleaning status of the negative pressure cleaning component 2 and determine whether the negative pressure cleaning component 2 needs to be cleaned. At the same time, it works with the fan blade cleaning component 4 to perform targeted cleaning of the negative pressure cleaning component 2. The negative pressure cleaning component 2 includes a motor 21 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the body 1 via a bracket. A transmission rod 22 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 21. A rotating shaft 23 is fixedly connected to the output end of the transmission rod 22. The rotating shaft 23 is rotatably connected to the inner top surface of the body 1 via a bearing. A guide cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the body 1. Multiple ventilation slots 25 are provided between the guide cylinder 24 and the upper surface of the body 1. An exhaust fan blade 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft 23. A filter screen is installed inside the guide cylinder 24. The multiple ventilation slots 25 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the guide cylinder 24, and the opening direction of the ventilation slots 25 is parallel to the axis of the guide cylinder 24. The cleaning judgment component 3 includes an annular plate 31 fixedly connected to the circumference of the transmission rod 22. A cavity 32 is formed inside the transmission rod 22. A sleeve 33 is slidably sleeved on the transmission rod 22. A spring 34 is fixedly connected between the upper surface of the sleeve 33 and the annular plate 31. A variable resistance rod 35 is fixedly installed inside the cavity 32. Two first connecting rods 36 are hinged to the side wall of the sleeve 33. Two second connecting rods 37 are hinged to the side wall of the rotating shaft 23. The side ends of the two second connecting rods 37 are respectively hinged to the side ends of the two first connecting rods 36. The side wall of the transmission rod 22... Two first-position limiting grooves 38 are provided between the cavity 32 and the cavity 32. Each first-position limiting block 39 is slidably connected in the two first-position limiting grooves 38. Both first-position limiting blocks 39 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 33. A conductive ring 310 is sleeved on the variable resistance rod 35. Both first-position limiting blocks 39 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the conductive ring 310. A PLC controller 311 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the machine body 1. A spring 34 is sleeved on the transmission rod 22. Two first-position connecting rods 36 and two second-position connecting rods 37 are located on both sides of the transmission rod 22 and the rotating shaft 23, respectively. The fan blade cleaning assembly 4 includes a sliding cylinder 41 that is slidably and sealed within a guide cylinder 24. An annular cleaning frame 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sliding cylinder 41. Two secondary limiting grooves 43 are formed on the side wall of the guide cylinder 24. Secondary limiting blocks 44 are slidably connected within each of the secondary limiting grooves 43. Both secondary limiting blocks 44 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding cylinder 41. Two electric push rods 45 are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the body 1. The output ends of both electric push rods 45 penetrate the inner top surface of the body 1 and are respectively fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two secondary limiting blocks 44. The resistance rod 35, conductive ring 310, and electric push rod 45 are all electrically connected to the PLC controller 311. The circuit formed between the resistance rod 35, conductive ring 310, electric push rod 45, and PLC controller 311 is electrically connected to an external power supply. The exhaust fan blade 26 is located inside the guide cylinder 24. The annular cleaning frame 42 is located below the exhaust fan blade 26. The transmission rod 22, rotating shaft 23, guide cylinder 24, and sliding cylinder 41 are all concentrically arranged. The outer side wall of the sliding cylinder 41 is tightly fitted with the inner side wall of the guide cylinder 24. The filter plate 11 is horizontally arranged inside the machine body 1.

[0028] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During use, the entire device is powered by an external power supply. The PLC controller 311 serves as the core control unit. After the automotive workpiece to be painted is adsorbed and fixed by the electric suction cup 13, the PLC controller 311 synchronously starts the painting robot arm 14 and the negative pressure cleaning component 2. The painting robot arm 14 drives the spray nozzle 15 to complete the uniform spraying of the workpiece surface according to the preset program. At the same time, the motor 21 drives the transmission rod 22, the rotating shaft 23 and the exhaust fan blade 26 to rotate at high speed, forming a negative pressure environment in the guide cylinder 24. The paint mist generated by the painting is sucked into the guide cylinder 24. After being filtered by the filter screen, the clean air is discharged from the machine body 1 through the ventilation slot 25, realizing real-time cleaning of paint mist and avoiding contamination of the workpiece and equipment. The cleaning judgment component 3 monitors the operating status of the negative pressure cleaning component 2 in real time. The core monitoring logic combines the output power characteristics of the motor 21 with the mechanical linkage relationship. The specific process is as follows: The output power of the motor 21 is set to a constant value. When too much paint is applied to the exhaust fan blade 26, the weight of the blade increases, the load increases, and this affects the speed of the exhaust fan blade 26, the transmission rod 22, and the rotating shaft 23, causing the speed of the three to decrease synchronously. During the operation of the device, the first connecting rod 36 and the second connecting rod 37 rotate at high speed with the transmission rod 22 and the rotating shaft 23, generating centrifugal force. In the initial state, the centrifugal force and the elastic force of the spring 34 are in balance, and the sleeve 33 remains in the initial position. When the weight of the exhaust fan blade 26 increases and the speed decreases, the centrifugal force increases. When the speed decreases, the rotation speed of connecting rod 36 and connecting rod 37 decreases accordingly, and the centrifugal force generated also decreases. At this time, the elastic force of spring 34 is greater than the centrifugal force, and spring 34 retracts, thereby pulling sleeve 33 to slide upward along transmission rod 22 (close to annular plate 31). As sleeve 33 slides upward, it will drive the first limiting block 39 and conductive ring 310, which are fixedly connected to its inner wall, to slide synchronously along variable resistance rod 35, thereby changing the connection resistance of variable resistance rod 35. The resistance change signal will be transmitted to PLC controller 311 in real time. PLC controller 311 will compare the received real-time resistance value with the preset threshold, thereby accurately determining the paint mist accumulation on the surface of exhaust fan blade 26 and determining whether cleaning is required. When the PLC controller 311 determines that cleaning is required, it immediately sends control commands to the electric push rod 45 and the motor 21. The motor 21 shuts off, the exhaust fan blades 26 stop rotating, the electric push rod 45 retracts, and drives the second limit block 44 to slide upward along the second limit groove 43, thereby pushing the sliding cylinder 41 and the annular cleaning frame 42 to move upward synchronously. The inner wall of the annular cleaning frame 42 scrapes and cleans the paint mist impurities on the surface of the blades. The cleaned impurities fall onto the filter plate 11. After cleaning, the PLC controller 311 controls the electric push rod 45 to extend, driving the sliding cylinder 41 and the annular cleaning frame 42 to reset. The fan blade cleaning assembly 4 stops working, and the negative pressure cleaning assembly 2 starts running again. Throughout the entire process, each component is linked by mechanical structure and circuit to achieve automated and precise operation, which not only ensures the spraying quality but also reduces manual maintenance costs.

[0029] A process for an automotive surface coating treatment device, the specific process is as follows: S1. Workpiece fixing: Place the automotive workpiece to be painted above the filter plate 11 inside the machine body 1, and fix it by adsorption and fixation through the electric suction cup 13 on the mounting bracket 12 to ensure that there is no displacement during spraying.

[0030] S2. Spraying and negative pressure cleaning: Start the spraying robot arm 14, and the nozzle 15 sprays the workpiece according to the preset path. Simultaneously start the negative pressure cleaning component. The exhaust fan blade 26 rotates to form negative pressure, and the paint mist generated by spraying is filtered and discharged from the machine body 1 through the ventilation slot 25.

[0031] S3. Negative pressure cleaning component status judgment: The cleaning judgment component 3 monitors in real time. When the resistance of the exhaust fan blade 26 increases due to paint mist accumulation, the sleeve 33 is displaced, causing the conductive ring 310 to slide along the variable resistance rod 35. The PLC controller 311 determines whether cleaning is required based on the change in resistance signal.

[0032] S4. Automatic cleaning: After the PLC controller 311 determines that cleaning is required, it starts the electric push rod 45 to drive the sliding cylinder 41 and the annular cleaning frame 42 to move upward, scraping and cleaning the paint mist and impurities on the exhaust fan blades 26. After cleaning, it automatically resets.

[0033] S5. Unloading and Residual Cleaning: After the spraying is completed, the negative pressure cleaning component 2 continues to run to clean the residual paint mist inside the machine body 1. Then, the electric suction cup 13 is released to remove the workpiece for subsequent drying, polishing and other treatments.

[0034] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle surface spraying treatment device, characterized in that, include: The machine body (1) has a filter plate (11) fixedly connected to its inner wall. A mounting frame (12) is provided above the filter plate (11). The mounting frame (12) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the machine body (1). Two electric suction cups (13) are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting frame (12). A spraying robot arm (14) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the machine body (1). The output end of the spraying robot arm (14) is fixedly connected to a spray nozzle (15). The cleaning mechanism includes a negative pressure cleaning component (2), a cleaning judgment component (3), and a fan blade cleaning component (4). The cleaning judgment component (3) is used to judge the cleaning status of the negative pressure cleaning component (2) and determine whether the negative pressure cleaning component (2) needs to be cleaned. At the same time, it works with the fan blade cleaning component (4) to clean the negative pressure cleaning component (2) in a targeted manner.

2. The automotive surface spraying treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure cleaning component (2) includes a motor (21) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the body (1) via a bracket. A transmission rod (22) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (21). A rotating shaft (23) is fixedly connected to the output end of the transmission rod (22). The rotating shaft (23) is rotatably connected to the inner top surface of the body (1) via a bearing. A guide cylinder (24) is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the body (1). Multiple ventilation slots (25) are provided between the guide cylinder (24) and the upper surface of the body (1). An exhaust fan blade (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft (23). A filter screen is installed inside the guide cylinder (24).

3. The automotive surface spraying treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning judgment component (3) includes an annular plate (31) fixedly connected to the circumference of the transmission rod (22). A cavity (32) is provided inside the transmission rod (22). A sleeve (33) is slidably sleeved on the transmission rod (22). A spring (34) is fixedly connected between the upper surface of the sleeve (33) and the annular plate (31). A variable resistance rod (35) is fixedly installed inside the cavity (32). Two first connecting rods (36) are hinged to the side wall of the sleeve (33). Two second connecting rods (37) are hinged to the side wall of the rotating shaft (23). The side ends of the transmission rod (22) are hinged to the side ends of the two first connecting rods (36). Two first limiting grooves (38) are opened between the side wall of the transmission rod (22) and the cavity (32). A first limiting block (39) is slidably connected in each of the two first limiting grooves (38). The two first limiting blocks (39) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (33). A conductive ring (310) is sleeved on the variable resistance rod (35). The two first limiting blocks (39) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the conductive ring (310). A PLC controller (311) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the machine body (1).

4. The automotive surface spraying treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fan blade cleaning assembly (4) includes a sliding cylinder (41) that is sealed and slidably connected to the guide cylinder (24). An annular cleaning frame (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sliding cylinder (41). Two second-level limiting grooves (43) are opened on the side wall of the guide cylinder (24). A second-level limiting block (44) is slidably connected in each of the two second-level limiting grooves (43). The two second-level limiting blocks (44) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding cylinder (41). Two electric push rods (45) are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the body (1). The output ends of the two electric push rods (45) penetrate the inner top surface of the body (1) and are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the two second-level limiting blocks (44) respectively.

5. The automotive surface spraying treatment apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spring (34) is sleeved on the transmission rod (22), and the two connecting rods (36) and the connecting rod (37) are located on both sides of the transmission rod (22) and the shaft (23), respectively.

6. The automotive surface spraying treatment apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The variable resistance rod (35), conductive coil (310), and electric push rod (45) are all electrically connected to the PLC controller (311), and the circuit formed between the variable resistance rod (35), conductive coil (310), electric push rod (45) and PLC controller (311) is electrically connected to an external power supply.

7. The automotive surface spraying treatment apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The exhaust fan blade (26) is located inside the guide tube (24), the annular cleaning frame (42) is located below the exhaust fan blade (26), and the transmission rod (22), the rotating shaft (23), the guide tube (24) and the sliding tube (41) are all concentrically arranged.

8. The automotive surface spraying treatment apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ventilation slots (25) are evenly distributed around the guide tube (24), and the opening direction of the ventilation slots (25) is parallel to the axis of the guide tube (24).

9. The automotive surface spraying treatment apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer wall of the sliding cylinder (41) is closely fitted with the inner wall of the guide cylinder (24), and the filter plate (11) is horizontally arranged inside the machine body (1).

10. A processing method for an automotive surface spraying treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The specific process is as follows: S1. Fixing the workpiece: Place the car workpiece to be sprayed above the filter plate (11) inside the machine body (1), and fix it by the electric suction cup (13) on the mounting bracket (12) to ensure that there is no displacement during spraying. S2, Spraying and negative pressure cleaning: Start the spraying robot arm (14), the nozzle (15) sprays the workpiece according to the preset path, and the negative pressure cleaning component is started at the same time. The exhaust fan blade (26) rotates to form negative pressure, and the paint mist generated by spraying is filtered and discharged from the machine body (1) through the ventilation slot (25). S3, Negative pressure cleaning component status judgment: The cleaning judgment component (3) monitors in real time. When the resistance of the exhaust fan blade (26) increases due to paint mist accumulation, the sleeve (33) is displaced, causing the conductive ring (310) to slide along the variable resistance rod (35). The PLC controller (311) determines whether cleaning is required based on the change in resistance signal. S4. Automatic cleaning: After the PLC controller (311) determines that cleaning is required, it starts the electric push rod (45) to drive the sliding cylinder (41) and the annular cleaning frame (42) to move upward, scraping and cleaning the paint mist impurities on the exhaust fan blades (26), and automatically resetting after cleaning. S5. Unloading and Residual Cleaning: After the spraying is completed, the negative pressure cleaning component (2) continues to run to clean the residual paint mist inside the machine body (1). Then, the electric suction cup (13) is released to remove the workpiece for subsequent drying, polishing and other treatments.

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