Motor shell laser welding device

Abstract

The invention discloses a motor shell laser welding device which comprises a horizontally-arranged operation platform, a bearing plate is arranged above the operation platform, a motor shell needing to be welded is fixed to the upper portion of the bearing plate, a laser welding head is arranged above the operation platform, and the laser welding head is fixedly installed on the front side of a connecting block. The connecting block drives the laser welding head to move through a moving mechanism, a filtering box is fixedly installed at the rear end of the upper surface of the operation platform, smoke generated during welding enters the filtering box through a negative pressure mechanism, and a filtering cover used for filtering particles in the smoke is fixedly installed in the filtering box. According to the motor shell laser welding device, the novel structural design is adopted, when shielding gas (argon) enters the connecting block, the piston mechanism in the connecting block is pushed to move up and down through the air pressure effect, and therefore the piston mechanism is used for driving the shielding gas spray head to rotate back and forth in a reciprocating mode, the blowing range of the shielding gas is expanded, and the protection effect on the welding position is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of motor welding manufacturing technology, specifically to a laser welding device for motor housings. Background Technology

[0004] An electric motor is a power device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. It uses a casing to protect the rotor and stator inside. During the manufacturing process of an electric motor, welding is generally used to weld and fix the components connected to the motor casing.

[0005] As disclosed in the prior art, Chinese patent application number 202110332172.9 discloses a laser welding device for servo motor housings. This device provides four welding positions via a table assembly, sequentially ejecting four workpieces to be welded from the main slot. With the assistance of a feeding assembly, the welding assembly welds the four workpieces in sequence, eliminating the need to readjust the welding head position each time. The position of the laser welding head in the X, Y, and Z directions is adjusted by a first, second, and third hydraulic cylinder, while a motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate. The third and fourth gears mesh, causing the rotating plate to rotate around the central axis of the adjusting shaft.

[0006] For example, in the prior art, Chinese patent application number 202110059352.4 discloses a laser welding machine, including a housing. A support plate is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the housing, and the top outer wall of the housing is provided with air holes penetrating the support plate. A vertical plate and a folding plate are fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the support plate, and a clamping mechanism is fixedly connected to one end of the output shaft of the motor. This invention, by providing a clamping mechanism, secures the pipe. During welding, the fumes generated are drawn into the conical cylinder through the air holes by an air pump and then enter the filtration mechanism. The filtration mechanism effectively filters the particles and harmful gases in the fumes.

[0007] For example, in the prior art, Chinese Patent Application No. 202323310480.5 discloses a laser welding device for cast aluminum motor housing, including a welding machine base, a gantry-type precision motion module and a laser welding head. The welding machine base is horizontally arranged, the gantry-type precision motion module is mounted on the welding machine base, and the laser welding head is vertically mounted on the moving end of the gantry-type precision motion module. The center of the welding machine base is provided with a product precision positioning processing area, and the product precision positioning processing area is also provided with a nitrogen protection device. The welding machine base is provided with a protective cabinet.

[0008] Based on the above information, it can be seen that existing laser welding devices achieve welding by generating high temperatures from the laser welding head. However, in actual use, the high temperature during welding melts the metal material, which is prone to oxidation with oxygen in the air. Therefore, it is necessary to use inert gas for protection during welding. However, the protective gas nozzle of traditional devices is generally fixed at an angle and has a small blowing range, which may lead to oxygen mixing and affect the welding quality. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser welding device for motor housings to solve the problem mentioned in the background art where incomplete protective gas protection affects welding quality.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser welding device for motor housing, comprising a horizontally placed operating platform, a support plate above the operating platform, a motor housing to be welded fixed above the support plate, a laser welding head above the operating platform, the laser welding head being fixedly installed on the front side of a connecting block, the connecting block driving the laser welding head to move via a moving mechanism, a filter box being fixedly installed at the rear end of the upper surface of the operating platform, the fumes generated during welding entering the filter box through a negative pressure mechanism, a filter cover for filtering particles in the fumes being fixedly installed inside the filter box, a protective gas nozzle being rotatably installed at the lower end of the connecting block, the protective gas nozzle spraying argon gas to protect the welding position, a friction block being fitted externally to the rotating shaft of the protective gas nozzle, the friction block driving the protective gas nozzle to rotate by moving up and down via a piston mechanism inside the connecting block.

[0012] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a support frame fixedly installed on the upper surface of the operating platform and a Y-axis slide rail fixedly installed on the upper end of the support frame. An X-axis slide rail is slidably installed on the upper end of the Y-axis slide rail. A Z-axis cylinder is slidably installed on the front side of the X-axis slide rail. A connecting block is fixedly installed on the lower end of the Z-axis cylinder. The Z-axis cylinder extends and retracts to move the laser welding head up and down to achieve movement in the Z-axis direction. The Z-axis cylinder slides on the X-axis slide rail to move the laser welding head left and right to achieve movement in the X-axis direction. The X-axis slide rail slides on the Y-axis slide rail to move the laser welding head back and forth to achieve movement in the Y-axis direction.

[0013] Preferably, the negative pressure mechanism includes a negative pressure pipe fixedly installed on the rear side of the filter box and an air inlet hole opened on the upper surface of the support plate, and the support plate and the upper surface of the operating platform form a front-to-back sliding structure.

[0014] Preferably, the back of the support plate is provided with a docking hole, which is connected to the air inlet through the internal cavity of the support plate. The docking hole corresponds to the position of the connecting pipe fixedly installed on the front side of the filter box. The connecting pipe is inserted into the docking hole so that the air inlet is connected to the inside of the filter box.

[0015] Preferably, a gas storage tank containing argon is fixedly installed on the left end of the upper surface of the operating platform. The gas storage tank is connected to a heat exchange tube fixedly installed inside the filter box through a first connecting pipe. The right end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the internal cavity of the connecting block through a second connecting pipe. The internal cavity of the connecting block is connected to a protective gas nozzle through a third connecting pipe. The argon in the gas storage tank enters the interior of the connecting block through the first and second connecting pipes, and then is ejected from the protective gas nozzle through the third connecting pipe. The ejected argon displaces the air at the welding position to achieve the purpose of protection.

[0016] Preferably, the piston mechanism includes a piston plate horizontally installed inside the connecting block. The piston plate is located above the second connecting pipe, and a return spring is fixedly installed between the upper surface of the piston plate and the inner wall of the connecting block. When the air pressure inside the connecting block increases, it pushes the piston plate to move upward. At this time, the piston plate drives the friction block to move upward through the connecting rod.

[0017] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the piston plate, the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly installed with the friction block, and the connecting rod and the lower end of the connecting block form a through sliding structure.

[0018] Preferably, the contact points between the friction block and the protective gas nozzle are roughened using a grinding process. The connecting rod drives the friction block to move up and down, using friction to drive the protective gas nozzle to rotate. The friction block moves up and down repeatedly, using the friction between the friction block and the pivot point of the protective gas nozzle to drive the protective gas nozzle to rotate repeatedly, thereby expanding the blowing range.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the laser welding device for motor housing adopts a novel structural design, the specific details of which are as follows:

[0020] 1. The laser welding head is moved by the cooperation between the X-axis slide rail, Y-axis slide rail and Z-axis cylinder in the moving mechanism to achieve the purpose of welding the motor housing. During this process, argon gas in the gas tank enters the interior of the connecting block through the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, and then is sprayed out from the protective gas nozzle through the third connecting pipe. The sprayed argon gas is used to squeeze out the air at the welding position to achieve the purpose of protection and ensure the welding quality.

[0021] Furthermore, when the protective gas (argon) enters the connecting block, the gas pressure drives the piston mechanism inside the connecting block to move up and down. This piston mechanism, in turn, drives the protective gas nozzle to rotate back and forth, expanding the blowing range of the protective gas and improving the protection effect on the welding position. The piston mechanism is specifically as follows:

[0022] Argon gas enters the connecting block through the second connecting pipe, increasing the internal pressure and pushing the piston plate upward. At this time, the piston plate drives the friction block upward through the connecting rod. When the piston plate moves above the third connecting pipe, argon gas enters the protective gas nozzle through the third connecting pipe. When the second connecting pipe stops supplying gas, the piston plate moves downward under the push of the return spring. This causes the friction block to move up and down repeatedly, thereby using the friction between the friction block and the shaft of the protective gas nozzle to drive the protective gas nozzle to rotate repeatedly, thus expanding the blowing range.

[0023] 2. During the welding process, the air pump connected to the negative pressure pipe is turned on to create negative pressure inside the filter box. Under the action of negative pressure, the fumes generated during welding are drawn into the bearing plate through the air inlet. Then, they enter the filter box through the connection between the connecting pipe and the docking hole. Finally, the filter cover inside the filter box filters the particulate matter in the fumes to achieve the purpose of purifying the fumes.

[0024] Furthermore, during the delivery of the protective gas, it passes through the heat exchange tubes inside the filter box. When the flue gas enters the filter box, it uses the residual heat of the flue gas to heat the protective gas, thus avoiding the rapid cooling of the welding position by the low-temperature protective gas during welding, which would generate thermal stress and affect the welding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper surface structure of the operating platform of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the support plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the filter box and the gas storage tank of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the laser welding head structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the filter box of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchanger tube structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the protective gas nozzle structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connecting block of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the friction block and the protective gas nozzle of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Operating platform; 2. Bearing plate; 3. Motor housing; 4. Support frame; 5. Y-axis slide rail; 6. X-axis slide rail; 7. Z-axis cylinder; 8. Connecting block; 9. Laser welding head; 10. Filter box; 11. Connecting pipe; 12. Docking hole; 13. Air inlet; 14. Negative pressure pipe; 15. Air tank; 16. First connecting pipe; 17. Second connecting pipe; 18. Heat exchanger pipe; 19. Filter cover; 20. Protective gas nozzle; 21. Third connecting pipe; 22. Piston plate; 23. Return spring; 24. Connecting rod; 25. Friction block. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-5 To achieve the purpose of protecting the welding position with a protective gas (argon), this embodiment provides the following technical solution, specifically: a horizontally placed operating platform 1, a support plate 2 above the operating platform 1, a motor housing 3 to be welded fixed above the support plate 2, a laser welding head 9 above the operating platform 1, the laser welding head 9 being fixedly installed on the front side of a connecting block 8, the connecting block 8 driving the laser welding head 9 to move via a moving mechanism, and a protective gas nozzle 20 rotatably installed at the lower end of the connecting block 8, the protective gas nozzle 20 spraying argon gas to protect the welding position. The moving mechanism includes components fixedly installed on the operating platform... The upper surface of the platform 1 has a support frame 4 and a Y-axis slide rail 5 fixedly installed on the upper end of the support frame 4. An X-axis slide rail 6 is slidably installed on the upper end of the Y-axis slide rail 5. A Z-axis cylinder 7 is slidably installed on the front side of the X-axis slide rail 6. A connecting block 8 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the Z-axis cylinder 7. A gas storage tank 15 containing argon gas is fixedly installed on the left end of the upper surface of the operating platform 1. The gas storage tank 15 is connected to the heat exchange tube 18 fixedly installed inside the filter box 10 through the first connecting pipe 16. The right end of the heat exchange tube 18 is connected to the internal cavity of the connecting block 8 through the second connecting pipe 17. The internal cavity of the connecting block 8 is connected to the protective gas nozzle 20 through the third connecting pipe 21.

[0041] When welding the motor housing 3, first place the motor housing 3 to be welded on top of the support plate 2. Then, use the internal slide rail of the support plate 2 to move the clamping block to clamp and fix the motor housing 3. Then, use the moving mechanism to move the laser welding head 9 to achieve the purpose of welding the corresponding position of the motor housing 3. The moving mechanism is as follows: the Z-axis cylinder 7 extends and retracts to move the laser welding head 9 up and down to achieve Z-axis movement; the Z-axis cylinder 7 slides on the X-axis slide rail 6 to move the laser welding head 9 left and right to achieve X-axis movement. The X-axis slide rail 6... The laser welding head 9 moves back and forth on the Y-axis slide rail 5, thus moving along the Y-axis. During the welding process, the external solenoid valve of the first connecting pipe 16 is opened, allowing the argon gas inside the gas storage tank 15 to enter the heat exchange pipe 18 through the first connecting pipe 16. Then, it enters the connecting block 8 through the heat exchange pipe 18 and the second connecting pipe 17. After that, it is sprayed out from the protective gas nozzle 20 through the third connecting pipe 21 connected to the connecting block 8. The sprayed argon gas displaces the air around the welding position, preventing the molten metal at the welding position from reacting with oxygen and causing oxidation, which would affect the welding quality.

[0042] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 6-7 In order to achieve the purpose of filtering welding fumes, this embodiment provides the following technical solution, which specifically discloses: A filter box 10 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the upper surface of the operating platform 1. The fumes generated during welding enter the interior of the filter box 10 through a negative pressure mechanism. A filter cover 19 for filtering particles in the fumes is fixedly installed inside the filter box 10. The negative pressure mechanism includes a negative pressure pipe 14 fixedly installed on the rear side of the filter box 10 and an air inlet hole 13 opened on the upper surface of the support plate 2. The support plate 2 and the upper surface of the operating platform 1 form a front-to-back sliding structure. A docking hole 12 is opened on the back of the support plate 2. The docking hole 12 communicates with the air inlet hole 13 through the internal cavity of the support plate 2. The docking hole 12 corresponds to the position of the connecting pipe 11 fixedly installed on the front side of the filter box 10. The connecting pipe 11 is inserted into the docking hole 12 so that the air inlet hole 13 communicates with the interior of the filter box 10.

[0043] After fixing the motor housing 3 to the support plate 2 using clamping blocks, the support plate 2 is pushed backward. When the support plate 2 is pushed into place, the connecting pipe 11 on the front side of the filter box 10 is inserted into the docking hole 12 at the rear of the support plate 2 to form a communication structure. Then, during the welding process, the air pump connected to the negative pressure pipe 14 is turned on. Under the suction action of the air pump, a negative pressure is formed inside the filter box 10. Since the filter box 10 is connected to the internal cavity of the support plate 2 through the connection between the connecting pipe 11 and the docking hole 12, a negative pressure is also formed inside the support plate 2. Under pressure, the fumes generated during welding are drawn into the bearing plate 2 through the air inlet 13 and finally enter the filter box 10. The filter cover 19 inside the filter box 10 filters the particles in the fumes to achieve the purpose of purifying the fumes. When the fumes enter the filter box 10, they exchange heat with the heat exchange tube 18 using the residual heat of the fumes, thereby heating the argon gas flowing through the heat exchange tube 18. When the heated fumes are blown to the welding position, they slow down the cooling rate of the welding position and reduce the impact of thermal stress on the welding quality caused by excessively rapid cooling.

[0044] Example 3: Please refer to Figures 8-11 In order to increase the blowing range of the protective gas, this embodiment provides the following technical solution, specifically: a friction block 25 is attached to the outside of the rotating shaft of the protective gas nozzle 20. The friction block 25 drives the protective gas nozzle 20 to rotate by moving up and down through the piston mechanism inside the connecting block 8. The piston mechanism includes a piston plate 22 installed horizontally inside the connecting block 8. The piston plate 22 is located above the second connecting pipe 17, and a return spring 23 is fixedly installed between the upper surface of the piston plate 22 and the inner wall of the connecting block 8. A connecting rod 24 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the piston plate 22. The lower end of the connecting rod 24 is fixedly installed with the friction block 25, and the connecting rod 24 and the lower end of the connecting block 8 form a through sliding structure. The contact positions between the friction block 25 and the protective gas nozzle 20 are all roughened by grinding. The connecting rod 24 drives the friction block 25 to move up and down, and the friction drives the protective gas nozzle 20 to rotate.

[0045] Argon gas enters the connecting block 8 through the second connecting pipe 17, increasing the internal pressure. Driven by this pressure, the piston plate 22 moves upwards. When the piston plate 22 moves above the third connecting pipe 21, argon gas enters the protective gas nozzle 20 through the third connecting pipe 21. Because the intake velocity of the second connecting pipe 17 is greater than the exhaust velocity of the third connecting pipe 21, the piston plate 22 eventually moves to the top. The reaction force of the piston plate 22 compresses the gas, increasing the pressure inside the connecting block 8 and raising the ejection pressure of the protective gas nozzle 20. The gas supply from the second connecting pipe 17 to the connecting block 8 is intermittent, achieved by periodically opening and closing the external solenoid valve of the first connecting pipe 16. The solenoid valve's opening and closing cycle is 10 seconds, meaning it opens for 5 seconds, closes for 5 seconds, and then opens again. This cycle repeats. When the solenoid valve is closed, the second connecting pipe 17 stops supplying air to the connecting block 8. At this time, the air pressure inside the connecting block 8 drops, and the piston plate 22 moves downward under the squeezing action of the return spring 23. After 5 seconds, the piston plate 22 is still above the third connecting pipe 21. Therefore, when the air supply stops, the excess protective gas inside the connecting block 8 will still enter the protective gas nozzle 20 through the third connecting pipe 21, ensuring the continuity of the protective gas blowing. When the piston plate 22 moves up and down, it drives the friction block 25 to move up and down synchronously through the connecting rod 24. Since the contact position between the friction block 25 and the rotating shaft of the protective gas nozzle 20 is rough, it has a large friction force. When the friction block 25 moves up and down, it uses the friction force to drive the protective gas nozzle 20 to rotate back and forth, expanding the range of protective gas blowing and improving the protection effect on the welding position.

[0046] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser welding device for motor housing, comprising a horizontally placed operating platform (1), a support plate (2) disposed above the operating platform (1), and a motor housing (3) to be welded fixed above the support plate (2), characterized in that, Also includes: A laser welding head (9) is provided above the operating platform (1). The laser welding head (9) is fixedly installed on the front side of the connecting block (8). The connecting block (8) drives the laser welding head (9) to move through the moving mechanism. The operating platform (1) has a filter box (10) fixedly installed at the rear end of its upper surface. The flue gas generated during welding enters the filter box (10) through a negative pressure mechanism. The filter box (10) has a filter cover (19) fixedly installed inside to filter particles in the flue gas. The lower end of the connecting block (8) is rotatably mounted with a protective gas nozzle (20). The protective gas nozzle (20) sprays argon gas to protect the welding position. A friction block (25) is attached to the outside of the rotating shaft of the protective gas nozzle (20). The friction block (25) drives the protective gas nozzle (20) to rotate by moving up and down through the piston mechanism inside the connecting block (8).

2. The laser welding device for motor housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism includes a support frame (4) fixedly installed on the upper surface of the operating platform (1) and a Y-axis slide rail (5) fixedly installed on the upper end of the support frame (4). An X-axis slide rail (6) is slidably installed on the upper end of the Y-axis slide rail (5).

3. The laser welding device for motor housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Z-axis cylinder (7) is slidably mounted on the front side of the X-axis slide rail (6), and the connecting block (8) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the Z-axis cylinder (7).

4. The laser welding device for motor housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure mechanism includes a negative pressure pipe (14) fixedly installed on the rear side of the filter box (10) and an air inlet (13) opened on the upper surface of the support plate (2). The support plate (2) and the upper surface of the operating platform (1) form a front-to-back sliding structure.

5. The laser welding device for motor housing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The back of the support plate (2) is provided with a docking hole (12). The docking hole (12) is connected to the air inlet hole (13) through the internal cavity of the support plate (2). The docking hole (12) corresponds to the position of the connecting pipe (11) fixedly installed on the front side of the filter box (10). The connecting pipe (11) is inserted into the docking hole (12) so that the air inlet hole (13) is connected to the inside of the filter box (10).

6. The laser welding device for motor housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the operating platform (1) is fixedly installed with a gas storage tank (15) containing argon gas. The gas storage tank (15) is connected to the heat exchange tube (18) fixedly installed inside the filter box (10) through the first connecting pipe (16). The right end of the heat exchange tube (18) is connected to the cavity inside the connecting block (8) through the second connecting pipe (17).

7. The laser welding device for motor housing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The internal cavity of the connecting block (8) is connected to the protective gas nozzle (20) through the third connecting pipe (21).

8. The laser welding apparatus for motor housing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The piston mechanism includes a piston plate (22) that is horizontally installed inside the connecting block (8). The piston plate (22) is located above the second connecting pipe (17), and a return spring (23) is fixedly installed between the upper surface of the piston plate (22) and the inner wall of the connecting block (8).

9. The laser welding device for motor housing according to claim 8, characterized in that: A connecting rod (24) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the piston plate (22). The lower end of the connecting rod (24) is fixedly installed with the friction block (25), and the connecting rod (24) and the lower end of the connecting block (8) form a through sliding structure.

10. The laser welding device for motor housing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The contact points between the friction block (25) and the protective gas nozzle (20) are all roughened using a grinding process. The connecting rod (24) drives the friction block (25) to move up and down, and uses friction to drive the protective gas nozzle (20) to rotate.

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