Pipe fitting internal supporting type centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism

Abstract

The invention provides a pipe fitting inner supporting type centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, and relates to the technical field of pipe fitting machining. The mechanism comprises a V-shaped block and a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism comprises a side supporting plate, a guide rod, a push block, an outer pipe and a centering fixing piece, a first channel is formed in the guide rod, a cylindrical cavity communicated with the first channel is formed in an adjusting block, and a rotatable switching valve plate is arranged in the cylindrical cavity. A switching valve plate is in partition linkage with an oil way in an adjusting block through an annular rod, and under single hydraulic driving, oil sequentially enters a first oil cavity to push a push block, so that a centering fixing piece radially supports a pipe fitting tightly to achieve centering, and then enters a second oil cavity to push an annular piston, so that an end fixing piece axially clamps the end face of the pipe fitting; and the oil is loosened reversely in sequence during oil return. Automatic sequential actions of first centering and second end face clamping are achieved through hydraulic logic, the structure is compact, operation is easy and convenient, the device is suitable for machining of pipe fittings with different pipe diameters, clamping is reliable, and centering precision is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pipe processing technology, specifically a pipe internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In pipe fitting processing, such as welding, cutting, and assembly, reliable clamping of the pipe fittings is usually required to ensure processing accuracy and operational stability. For clamping tubular workpieces, it is necessary to achieve radial centering of the pipe fitting to ensure the pipe axis is aligned with the processing datum, and axial limiting of the pipe end to prevent movement during processing. In existing technologies, radial centering and end-face clamping are often controlled by two independent drive mechanisms, such as hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders driving the centering element and the end-face clamping element respectively. This not only results in complex structures and large space requirements, but also necessitates multiple control valves and detection elements to achieve sequential control of the actions, leading to high equipment costs and difficult maintenance. While some solutions attempt to achieve sequential actions through mechanical linkage, problems exist such as unadjustable action timing and mutual interference of clamping forces, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements of centering accuracy and end-face clamping reliability. Furthermore, existing clamping mechanisms have poor compatibility between the centering element and the inner wall of the pipe fitting when changing to different specifications, easily causing surface damage or inaccurate centering. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a pipe clamping mechanism that is compact in structure, has a controllable action sequence, and is easy to operate, so as to achieve reliable operation of radial centering followed by axial clamping. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pipe fitting internal support type centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, comprising a V-block and a clamping mechanism, wherein a pipe fitting is disposed on the V-block, and the clamping mechanism includes a side support plate, a guide rod disposed on one side of the side support plate, and a push block disposed at the end of the guide rod. An outer tube is also disposed on one side of the side support plate, the outer tube is disposed outside the guide rod, a centering fixing component is disposed on the outer tube, an adjusting block is disposed on the guide rod, an end fixing component is disposed outside the adjusting block, a first channel is disposed in the guide rod, a cylindrical cavity is disposed in the adjusting block communicating with the first channel, and a switching valve plate is disposed in the cylindrical cavity.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of a pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, a conical surface is provided on the outer side of one end of the push block, the push block is disposed on the inner side of the outer tube, a first oil cavity is provided inside the push block, a piston plate is provided at the end of the guide rod, and the first channel communicates with the first oil cavity.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of a pipe fitting internal support type centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, the adjusting block is further provided with a first annular groove, the end of the first annular groove is provided with an oil inlet hole, the oil inlet hole is connected to the cylindrical cavity, the cylindrical cavity is further provided with a second annular groove connected to the first annular groove, and a second oil cavity is provided on the outside of the adjusting block.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution for a pipe fitting internal support type centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, an annular rod is provided in the cylindrical cavity, and a first limiting ring plate and a second limiting ring plate are provided in the first annular groove. The first limiting ring plate and the second limiting ring plate divide the first annular groove into an oil inlet area, a linkage area and an oil outlet area. The oil inlet hole is connected to the oil inlet area, the oil outlet area is connected to the second oil cavity through a second channel, and the second annular groove is connected to the linkage area.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution for a pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, the switching valve plate is provided with a third channel, and the bottom of the switching valve plate is provided with a linkage block, which passes through the second annular groove and is connected to the annular rod.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution for a pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, the annular rod is provided with a first end plate and a second end plate at both ends, the first end plate being disposed in the oil inlet area and the second end plate being disposed in the oil outlet area.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution for a pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, a sector-shaped groove is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical cavity, a fixed rod is provided in the sector-shaped groove, a moving rod is provided on the back of the switching valve plate, and the moving rod and the fixed rod are connected by a first spring.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution for a pipe fitting internal support type centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, the cylindrical cavity sidewall is provided with a fourth channel, the fourth channel is also connected to the other end of the second oil cavity, and the second oil cavity is also connected to the oil tank.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution for a pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, an annular piston is provided in the second oil chamber, a piston rod is connected to one side of the annular piston, and the other end of the piston rod is connected to the end fixing member.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of a pipe fitting internal support type centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, the outer tube is provided with a radial tube, the inner wall of the radial tube is provided with an annular groove, the centering and fixing component includes a fixed shaft and an end cap, the fixed shaft is provided in the radial tube, a limit plate is provided on the outer side of the fixed shaft, a second spring is provided on one side of the limit plate and connected to the annular groove; the end cap is sleeved on one end of the fixed shaft, and an arc plate is provided on the end cap.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention achieves automatic sequential action of radial centering followed by axial end-face clamping by a single hydraulic drive source combined with the hydraulic logic switching of the switching valve plate. When oil is pumped in the reverse direction, the clamping is released in the reverse sequence. The structure is compact and does not require complex electrical control. The push block conical surface cooperates with the multi-point centering fixing parts to achieve adaptive centering. The arc plate structure with replaceable end caps not only prevents pipe damage but also adapts to various pipe diameters. The end fixing parts are synchronously driven by the annular piston to ensure end-face contact. Overall, the operation process is simplified and the clamping reliability and machining accuracy are improved. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the annular rod is disposed at the first annular groove in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of the first and second interlayers of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the switching valve plate in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first annular groove in the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first and fourth pathways in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the outer tube structure in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the radial fixing member in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the ring rod in this invention.

[0016] Reference numerals: 100, V-block; 300, pipe fitting; 201, side support plate; 203a, conical surface; 203, push block; 202, guide rod; 202b, piston plate; 202a, first channel; 203b, first oil chamber; 400, adjusting block; 402, first annular groove; 402a, first limiting ring plate; 402b, second limiting ring plate; 403, oil inlet; 402f, second channel; 404, second annular groove; 402d, linkage zone; 601, third channel; 602, linkage block; 405, annular rod; 405a, first end plate; 402c 1. Oil inlet area; 405b. Second end plate; 402e. Oil outlet area; 407. Sector groove; 600. Switching valve plate; 603. Moving rod; 407a. Fixed rod; 604. First spring; 401. Cylindrical cavity; 408. Fourth channel; 406. Second oil chamber; 700. Annular piston; 701. Piston rod; 500. End fixing component; 204. Outer tube; 205. Centering fixing component; 204c. Radial tube; 205a. Fixed shaft; 205c. Limiting plate; 205d. Second spring; 204d. Annular groove; 205b. End cap; 205e. Arc plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0020] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth. Example 1

[0021] Reference Figures 1-9This embodiment provides a pipe fitting internal support type centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, including a V-block 100 and a clamping mechanism. The pipe fitting 300 is disposed on the V-block 100. The clamping mechanism includes a side support plate 201, a guide rod 202 disposed on one side of the side support plate 201, and a push block 203 disposed at the end of the guide rod 202. An outer tube 204 is also disposed on one side of the side support plate 201. The outer tube 204 is disposed outside the guide rod 202. A centering fixing member 205 is disposed on the outer tube 204. An adjusting block 400 is disposed on the guide rod 202. An end fixing member 500 is disposed outside the adjusting block 400. A first channel 202a is disposed in the guide rod 202. A cylindrical cavity 401 is disposed in the adjusting block 401 communicating with the first channel 202a. A switching valve plate 600 is disposed in the cylindrical cavity 401.

[0022] The switching valve plate 600 is cylindrical in shape and is embedded in the cylindrical cavity 401. The switching valve plate 600 can rotate in the cylindrical cavity 401.

[0023] It should be noted that since the valve plate 600 was cut off, a cut has been made to prevent the cylindrical cavity 401 from being completely blocked and the oil inlet hole 403 from being blocked.

[0024] A tapered surface 203a is provided on the outer side of one end of the push block 203. The push block 203 is located inside the outer tube 204. A first oil chamber 203b is provided inside the push block 203. A piston plate 202b is provided at the end of the guide rod 202. The first channel 202a communicates with the first oil chamber 203b.

[0025] The pusher 203 can slide inside the outer tube 204. Both the outer tube 204 and the guide rod 202 serve to guide the pusher 203.

[0026] The adjusting block 400 is also provided with a first annular groove 402, and an oil inlet hole 403 is provided at the end of the first annular groove 402. The oil inlet hole 403 communicates with the cylindrical cavity 401. The cylindrical cavity 401 is also provided with a second annular groove 404 communicating with the first annular groove 402. A second oil cavity 406 is provided on the outside of the adjusting block 400.

[0027] A ring rod 405 is provided in the cylindrical cavity 401. A first limiting ring plate 402a and a second limiting ring plate 402b are provided in the first annular groove 402. The first limiting ring plate 402a and the second limiting ring plate 402b divide the first annular groove 402 into an oil inlet area 402c, a linkage area 402d and an oil outlet area 402e. The oil inlet hole 403 communicates with the oil inlet area 402c. The oil outlet area 402e is connected to the second oil cavity 406 through the second channel 402f. The second annular groove 404 is connected to the linkage area 402d.

[0028] The switching valve plate 600 is provided with a third channel 601, and a linkage block 602 is provided at the bottom of the switching valve plate 600. The linkage block 602 passes through the second annular groove 404 and is connected to the annular rod 405.

[0029] The ring rod 405 has a first end plate 405a and a second end plate 405b at both ends. The first end plate 405a is located in the oil inlet area 402c, and the second end plate 405b is located in the oil outlet area 402e.

[0030] It should be noted that the first end plate 405a and the second end plate 405b are used for limiting, and both the first end plate 405a and the second end plate 405b act as pistons. When oil is introduced into the oil inlet area 402c, the entire annular rod 405 will be pushed and moved. There is no seal between the first limiting annular plate 402a and the second limiting annular plate 402b and the annular rod 405, so that the internal gas can flow freely and avoid causing resistance.

[0031] The annular rod 405 is connected to the switching valve plate 600 through the linkage block 602. Therefore, when the annular rod 405 is pushed by the oil, the switching valve plate 600 also moves accordingly.

[0032] A sector-shaped groove 407 is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical cavity 401, and a fixed rod 407a is provided in the sector-shaped groove 407. A movable rod 603 is provided on the back of the switching valve plate 600, and the movable rod 603 and the fixed rod 407a are connected by a first spring 604.

[0033] In this embodiment, the center of the sector groove 407 does not coincide with the center of the cylindrical cavity 401. The fixed rod 407a is located at the center of the sector groove 407, and the moving rod 603 is located at the arc edge of the sector groove 407. The central axis of the sector groove 407 is parallel to the axis of the guide rod 202. The line connecting the moving rod 603 and the opening at one end of the third channel 601 passes through the center of the switching valve plate 600. The purpose of this design is to determine the connection status of the third channel 601 by estimating the position of the opening at one end of the third channel 601 from the position of the moving rod 603, which facilitates the design of specific limiting dimensions.

[0034] Specifically, the center of the sector groove 407 coincides with the center of the cylindrical cavity 401, which causes the first spring to be stretched and then contracted when the moving rod 603 rotates from the starting point along the center of the cylindrical cavity 401.

[0035] The cylindrical cavity 401 has a fourth channel 408 on its side wall. The fourth channel 408 is also connected to the other end of the second oil cavity 406, which is also connected to the oil tank.

[0036] It should be noted that the first channel 202a is connected to the oil tank via an oil pump.

[0037] An annular piston 700 is provided in the second oil chamber 406. A piston rod 701 is connected to one side of the annular piston 700, and the other end of the piston rod 701 is connected to the end fixing member 500.

[0038] It should be noted that the piston rod 701 is installed through the side wall of the second oil chamber 406, and a sealing structure is provided at the penetration point. Multiple piston rods 701 may be provided.

[0039] The end fixing member 500 can be a plate-shaped structure, and multiple plates are provided. When the piston rod 701 is pushed and moved, the end fixing member 500 moves synchronously to clamp the end of the pipe.

[0040] Furthermore, a limit block is provided in the second oil chamber 406 to limit the movement of the annular piston 700 and prevent the openings of the fourth channel 408 and the second channel 402f from being blocked.

[0041] A radial tube 204c is provided on the outer tube 204. An annular groove 204d is provided on the inner wall of the radial tube 204c. The centering and fixing component 205 includes a fixed shaft 205a and an end cap 205b. The fixed shaft 205a is provided in the radial tube 204c. A limit plate 205c is provided on the outer side of the fixed shaft 205a. A second spring 205d is provided on one side of the limit plate 205c and connected to the annular groove 204d. The end cap 205b is sleeved on one end of the fixed shaft 205a. An arc plate 205e is provided on the end cap 205b.

[0042] The limiting plate 205c is set in the annular groove 204d.

[0043] The arc plate 205e is used to distribute pressure and prevent the pipe fitting from being squeezed and deformed. The end cap 205b is magnetically connected to the end of the fixed shaft 205a. A limiting structure is set at the connection between the end cap 205b and the fixed shaft 205a to prevent the end cap 205b from rotating relative to the fixed shaft 205a. Specifically, the end of the fixed shaft 205a can be set to be square. The purpose of the end cap 205b being detachable is to replace the arc plate 205e when dealing with pipe fittings of different sizes, so as to adapt to the inner diameter of the pipe fitting.

[0044] A square groove 204a is provided on the outer tube 204, and the end fixing member 500 is disposed in the square groove 204a. The square groove 204a is used to limit and guide the end fixing member 500.

[0045] A retaining ring 204b is provided on the inner wall of the outer tube 204 to limit the push block 203.

[0046] Multiple square channels 204a and radial tubes 204c are provided along the circumference of the outer tube 204.

[0047] Specifically, the usage process of the device of the present invention is as follows: the pipe is placed on the V-block 100, and the pipe is pushed by the conical push rod. The pipe is located outside the clamping mechanism. The first channel 202a is connected to the hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump works and injects oil into the first channel 202a. In the initial state, the moving rod 603 is in the position of... Figure 3 At the indicated position, one end of the third channel 601 is blocked, neither communicating with the first channel 202a nor with the fourth channel 408. At this time, the oil enters the oil inlet area 402c from the oil inlet hole 403, pushing the ring rod 405 to move. The movement of the ring rod 405 drives the switching valve plate 600 to move. During this process, the return force of the first spring 604 needs to be overcome. While stretching the first spring 604, the opening of the third channel 601 moves to correspond with the first channel 202a. At this time, the first spring 604 is at its maximum length. At the same time, since a passage is formed with the first channel 202a, the oil enters the first oil chamber 203b, pushing the push block 203 to the right. The conical surface on it squeezes and expands the centering and fixing member 205 outward, forming a radial centering clamp on the pipe.

[0048] After the clamping position is reached, the push block 203 stops moving. The oil will then push the annular rod 405 to move again, causing the switching valve plate 600 to rotate. Since the first spring 604 has moved beyond its maximum length, it begins to contract, moving the switching valve plate 600 to the position... Figure 6 The position shown corresponds to the opening of the third channel 601 and the fourth channel 408. At this time, the switching valve plate 600 rotates to the second stable position, and the first spring 604 also returns to its original length. At this time, the oil enters the second oil chamber 406, pushing the annular piston 700. The end fixing member 500 is driven to clamp the end of the pipe until the pressure reaches the appropriate state and is maintained.

[0049] When disassembly is required, oil is drawn from the end of the first channel 202a. First, the annular piston 700 moves to the left, and the end fixing member 500 is removed to the left end. Then, the annular rod 405 is pulled, causing the switching valve plate 600 to move. The first spring 604 is stretched until the third channel 601 aligns with the first channel 202a. Then, the oil in the first cylinder is drawn out, the push block 203 is pulled back to its original position, the centering fixing member 205 is removed, and after the push block 203 returns to its limit position, the annular rod 405 is pulled again, and the switching valve plate 600 rotates again until the opening of the third channel 601 is blocked. The first spring is then in its initial contracted state. Figure 3 state.

[0050] It should be noted that the pressure required to push the ring rod 405 is relatively large, partly due to the design of the pipe diameter and partly due to the tension of the first spring 604. Therefore, when the third channel 601 is connected to the first channel 202a or the fourth channel, there will be a pressure relief that prevents the ring rod 405 from being pushed, thus completing the state switching.

[0051] Therefore, this invention only requires oil injection to achieve centering and fixing before end fixing, while oil extraction requires first releasing end fixing and then releasing centering and fixing.

[0052] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0053] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pipe fitting internal support type centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism, characterized in that: include, A V-block (100) and a clamping mechanism are provided. A pipe fitting (300) is mounted on the V-block (100). The clamping mechanism includes a side support plate (201), a guide rod (202) located on one side of the side support plate (201), and a push block (203) located at the end of the guide rod (202). An outer tube (204) is also provided on one side of the side support plate (201), located outside the guide rod (202). A centering fixing member (205) is provided on the guide rod (202), an adjusting block (400) is provided on the guide rod (202), an end fixing member (500) is provided on the outside of the adjusting block (400), a first channel (202a) is provided in the guide rod (202), a cylindrical cavity (401) is provided in the adjusting block (400) and communicates with the first channel (202a), and a switching valve plate (600) is provided in the cylindrical cavity (401).

2. The pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push block (203) has a conical surface (203a) on one side and is located inside the outer tube (204). The push block (203) has a first oil chamber (203b) inside and a piston plate (202b) is provided at the end of the guide rod (202). The first channel (202a) communicates with the first oil chamber (203b).

3. The pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting block (400) is also provided with a first annular groove (402), and an oil inlet hole (403) is provided at the end of the first annular groove (402). The oil inlet hole (403) communicates with the cylindrical cavity (401). The cylindrical cavity (401) is also provided with a second annular groove (404) communicating with the first annular groove (402). A second oil cavity (406) is provided on the outside of the adjusting block (400).

4. The pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: An annular rod (405) is provided in the cylindrical cavity (401), and a first limiting ring plate (402a) and a second limiting ring plate (402b) are provided in the first annular groove (402). The first limiting ring plate (402a) and the second limiting ring plate (402b) divide the first annular groove (402) into an oil inlet area (402c), a linkage area (402d) and an oil outlet area (402e). The oil inlet hole (403) communicates with the oil inlet area (402c), and the oil outlet area (402e) is connected to the second oil cavity (406) through a second channel (402f). The second annular groove (404) is connected to the linkage area (402d).

5. The pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The switching valve plate (600) is provided with a third channel (601), and a linkage block (602) is provided at the bottom of the switching valve plate (600). The linkage block (602) passes through the second annular groove (404) and is connected to the annular rod (405).

6. The pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The annular rod (405) is provided with a first end plate (405a) and a second end plate (405b) at both ends. The first end plate (405a) is located in the oil inlet area (402c), and the second end plate (405b) is located in the oil outlet area (402e).

7. The pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the cylindrical cavity (401) is provided with a fan-shaped groove (407), and a fixed rod (407a) is provided in the fan-shaped groove (407). A movable rod (603) is provided on the back of the switching valve plate (600), and the movable rod (603) and the fixed rod (407a) are connected by a first spring (604).

8. The pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cylindrical cavity (401) has a fourth channel (408) on its side wall. The fourth channel (408) is also connected to the other end of the second oil cavity (406), which is also connected to the oil tank.

9. The pipe fitting internal support type centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second oil chamber (406) is provided with an annular piston (700), and a piston rod (701) is connected to one side of the annular piston (700). The other end of the piston rod (701) is connected to the end fixing member (500).

10. The pipe fitting internal support centering and end face follow-up clamping mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer tube (204) is provided with a radial tube (204c), and the inner wall of the radial tube (204c) is provided with an annular groove (204d). The centering and fixing component (205) includes a fixed shaft (205a) and an end cap (205b). The fixed shaft (205a) is provided in the radial tube (204c). A limiting plate (205c) is provided on the outside of the fixed shaft (205a). A second spring (205d) is provided on one side of the limiting plate (205c) and connected to the annular groove (204d). The end cap (205b) is sleeved on one end of the fixed shaft (205a), and an arc plate (205e) is provided on the end cap (205b).

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