A car steering wheel with a fatigue driving monitoring function

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of automotive steering wheel technology, specifically a car steering wheel with fatigue driving monitoring function. It includes: a steering wheel rim with multiple independent chambers inside; a fatigue monitoring device comprising a pressure data conversion module and multiple miniature pressure sensors, all electrically connected to the pressure data conversion module and respectively disposed within each independent chamber; and a steering detection module disposed within the vehicle's infotainment system for detecting the steering behavior characteristics of the steering wheel rim. This invention employs dynamic priority logic to automatically switch the weights of vital sign data, grip pressure data, and steering behavior data according to different driving scenarios such as high speed, urban driving, high temperature, and low temperature. This avoids the misjudgment and missed judgment problems that easily occur with a single fixed priority under complex conditions, significantly improving the system's adaptability and judgment stability in changing environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automotive steering wheel technology, specifically an automotive steering wheel with fatigue driving monitoring function. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of automotive intelligence and active safety technologies, driver fatigue has become a significant factor in traffic accidents, making the demand for vehicle-mounted fatigue monitoring devices that offer real-time monitoring, accurate identification, and stable reliability increasingly urgent. Especially under complex conditions such as highways, urban roads, and extreme temperatures, there is a pressing need for an integrated monitoring solution that can fuse multi-source signals, adapt to changing scenarios, and respond sensitively to improve driving safety.

[0003] To improve driving safety, automakers have developed car steering wheels with fatigue driving monitoring functions. These wheels compare different pressure data generated when a driver grips the steering wheel in a fatigued state and a normal state, as well as different steering wheel steering data, to determine whether the driver is fatigued and issue a warning to keep the driver alert and improve driving safety. However, most existing car steering wheels with fatigue driving monitoring functions use a single signal source or fixed weight judgment logic (such as hand pressure data or steering wheel steering data), which are easily affected by the environment and driving habits, resulting in false alarms and missed alarms. At the same time, the pressure detection structure has a slow response and is prone to distortion, making it unable to detect dangerous states in advance. Furthermore, it lacks a graded warning and emergency intervention mechanism, making it difficult to meet the high-precision and high-robust monitoring requirements in complex scenarios.

[0004] Most existing car steering wheels with fatigue driving monitoring functions use fixed data priorities, which cannot adaptively adjust the priority of detection data according to different driving scenarios such as highways, cities, high temperatures, and low temperatures. This leads to an imbalance in the judgment of information such as grip pressure and steering behavior under complex working conditions, resulting in misjudgments and missed judgments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a car steering wheel with fatigue driving monitoring function. This invention primarily addresses the problem that most existing car steering wheels with fatigue driving monitoring functions use fixed data priorities, failing to adaptively adjust the priority of detection data according to different driving scenarios such as highway driving, urban driving, high temperatures, and low temperatures. This leads to an imbalance in the judgment of information such as grip pressure and steering behavior under complex conditions, resulting in misjudgments and missed judgments.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a car steering wheel with fatigue driving monitoring function, comprising:

[0007] The steering wheel rim has multiple independent chambers inside;

[0008] A fatigue monitoring device, comprising a pressure data conversion module and multiple miniature pressure sensors, wherein each miniature pressure sensor is electrically connected to the pressure data conversion module and is respectively disposed in each independent chamber.

[0009] A steering detection module, which is installed inside the vehicle's infotainment system, is used to detect the steering behavior characteristics of the steering wheel rim.

[0010] A vital signs detection wristband is electrically connected to the intelligent vehicle to collect the driver's heart rate, heart rate variability, and blood oxygen saturation.

[0011] The fatigue analysis module is electrically connected to the fatigue monitoring device, the steering detection module, the vital signs detection wristband, and the intelligent vehicle electromechanical system. It is used to receive and process data signals from each module. The fatigue analysis module can switch the priority of data from each module according to the driving scenario and ambient temperature.

[0012] A warning feedback device is embedded in the rim of the steering wheel and is electromechanically connected to the intelligent vehicle.

[0013] The vehicle-mounted system stress intervention module is electrically connected to the fatigue analysis module and the intelligent vehicle-mounted system.

[0014] The fatigue monitoring device also includes:

[0015] A tactile layer, which is made of an elastic material, is fixedly attached to the outer surface of the steering wheel rim;

[0016] A dual-film conversion layer is disposed directly below the tactile layer and fixedly connected to the outward end of an independent chamber. The dual-film conversion layer is composed of two metal or polymer films with specific rigidity.

[0017] The hydraulic oil chamber is located at the bottom of an independent chamber and is filled with vehicle-specific hydraulic oil.

[0018] The pressure transmission mechanism includes a piston block and a spring slidably connected in the hydraulic oil chamber. The piston block is radially distributed along the rim of the steering wheel. One end of the piston block near the double diaphragm conversion layer is in contact with the hydraulic oil, and the other end away from the double diaphragm conversion layer is fixedly connected to a miniature pressure sensor. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the miniature pressure sensor, and both ends are fixedly connected to the piston block and the bottom of the hydraulic oil chamber, respectively.

[0019] A data recording module, which is electrically connected to a miniature pressure sensor.

[0020] The independent chambers are arranged in a ring and are evenly distributed within the rim of the steering wheel. The independent chambers are fan-shaped and correspond to the thumb area, index finger to little finger area and palm area of ​​the driver's hand, respectively. Each independent chamber is equipped with a hydraulic oil chamber, a piston block, a double diaphragm conversion layer and a miniature pressure sensor.

[0021] The vital signs detection wristband includes a vital signs acquisition module, a Bluetooth transmission module, an abnormality self-check module, and a vehicle power supply interface. The Bluetooth transmission module adopts Bluetooth 5.2 with anti-electromagnetic interference and a transmission delay of ≤10ms.

[0022] The fatigue analysis module classifies fatigue levels into mild fatigue, moderate fatigue, and severe fatigue, and incorporates a multi-module data fusion and calibration mechanism.

[0023] The early warning feedback device includes a small eccentric vibration motor, an air-cooled module, and a micro-current magnetic pole module. The small eccentric vibration motor, the air-cooled module, and the micro-current magnetic pole module can be started individually or in combination.

[0024] The air-cooled module is electrically connected to the vehicle's air conditioning module, and the small eccentric vibration motor and the micro-current magnetic pole module are embedded in the inner side of the steering wheel rim for each independent chamber.

[0025] The stress determination condition of the vehicle-mounted system stress intervention module is that after the warning feedback device is activated, the steering detection module detects a sudden change in the steering wheel rim steering angle of ≥45° / s and an abnormal steering angular velocity, while the vital signs detection wristband detects a heart rate of ≥120 beats / minute.

[0026] The hydraulic oil chamber adopts an oil-resistant rubber sealing structure, the hydraulic oil is low-temperature anti-wear type and can work in the range of -40℃ to 125℃, the piston block surface is provided with a wear-resistant coating, the spring is a high-temperature resistant spring, and the metal or polymer film of the double diaphragm conversion layer is made of anti-aging and anti-deformation material.

[0027] The fatigue analysis module has a built-in data storage unit and a data encryption module, and the data encryption module uses the AES-128 encryption algorithm.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. This invention adopts dynamic priority logic, which can automatically switch the weights of vital signs data, grip pressure data and steering behavior data according to different driving scenarios such as high speed, city, high temperature and low temperature. This avoids the misjudgment and omission problems that are prone to occur under complex working conditions due to a single fixed priority, and greatly improves the adaptability and judgment stability of the system in changing environments.

[0030] 2. This invention uses a multi-module data fusion calibration mechanism to cross-validate and redundancy-check three types of information: hand pressure, physiological signs, and steering operation. This effectively eliminates errors caused by single sensor malfunctions, external interference, or individual differences, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of fatigue state identification and achieving more refined fatigue judgment.

[0031] 3. This invention adapts the early warning feedback strategy to actual driving scenarios, adopts a graded, non-irritating reminder method to reduce interference with the driver, and at the same time cooperates with the vehicle's emergency intervention mechanism to actively intervene in extreme dangerous situations to ensure driving safety. All structures work together to ultimately achieve high-precision, high-robustness, and high-safety fatigue driving monitoring.

[0032] 4. This invention utilizes the combination of a hydraulic oil chamber and a pressure transmission mechanism, taking advantage of the uniform pressure transmission and good buffering properties of hydraulic oil, to transmit hand pressure more smoothly to the sensor, effectively avoiding detection distortion caused by local stress concentration. At the same time, with the synergistic effect of hydraulic oil and spring, it can detect sudden changes in grip force in advance, improving detection sensitivity and response speed, making monitoring more stable and accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 This is an overall workflow diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the fatigue determination process of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the vehicle system stress intervention process of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the steering wheel rim in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of area A in the middle.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Steering wheel rim; 11. Independent chamber; 2. Fatigue monitoring device; 21. Tactile layer; 22. Dual diaphragm conversion layer; 23. Miniature pressure sensor; 24. Hydraulic oil chamber; 25. Pressure transmission mechanism; 251. Piston block; 252. Spring; 3. Early warning feedback device; 31. Small eccentric vibration motor; 32. Micro-current magnetic pole module. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figures 1-5 As shown, a car steering wheel with fatigue driving monitoring function includes:

[0043] The steering wheel rim 1 has 8 fan-shaped independent chambers 11 evenly distributed inside. The 8 independent chambers 11 are evenly distributed in a ring. Each independent chamber 11 serves as the mounting carrier for the relevant components of the fatigue monitoring device 2, ensuring that the pressure in each area of ​​the hand can be accurately detected.

[0044] The fatigue monitoring device 2 includes a tactile layer 21, a double diaphragm conversion layer 22, a miniature pressure sensor 23, a hydraulic oil chamber 24, a pressure transmission mechanism 25, a pressure data conversion module, and a data recording module.

[0045] The tactile layer 21 is made of silicone elastic material and is fixedly attached to the outer surface of the steering wheel rim 1, directly contacting the driver's hand. It is used to buffer hand pressure and evenly transmit pressure to the double diaphragm conversion layer 22 below.

[0046] The dual-diaphragm conversion layer 22 is made of stainless steel film and is fixedly connected to the opening of the independent chamber 11 near the outer surface of the steering wheel rim 1. It converts the dispersed hand pressure transmitted by the tactile layer 21 into uniform pressure, avoiding the detection error of the micro pressure sensor 23 caused by local pressure concentration.

[0047] The hydraulic oil chamber 24 is located at the bottom innermost part of the independent chamber 11. It is sealed with oil-resistant rubber and filled with vehicle-specific low-temperature anti-wear hydraulic oil. It can work normally in the vehicle temperature range of -40℃ to 125℃ and is used to buffer pressure transmission and improve the stability of pressure detection.

[0048] The pressure transmission mechanism 25 includes a piston block 251 and a spring 252. The piston block 251 is made of wear-resistant alloy and has a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating on its surface. It is slidably connected in the hydraulic oil chamber 24 and is radially distributed along the steering wheel rim 1. Its upper end is in contact with the surface of the hydraulic oil, and its lower end has a stepped structure. The center of its end face is fixedly connected to the miniature pressure sensor 23, and the outer periphery of its lower end is fixedly connected to the high-temperature resistant spring 252. The spring 252 is sleeved on the outside of the miniature pressure sensor 23, and its other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hydraulic oil chamber 24. This does not affect the pressure transmission, and the elastic reset characteristics of the spring 252 can be used to capture the sudden change trend of grip force in conjunction with the hysteresis of the hydraulic oil.

[0049] By cooperating with the piston block 251 in the hydraulic oil chamber 24 within the fatigue monitoring device 2, the lag in pressure transmission by hydraulic oil is utilized to detect sudden changes in grip strength 50-100ms in advance.

[0050] The specific principle for achieving early detection of sudden drops / increases in grip force is as follows: Hydraulic oil is a viscous fluid, and its pressure transmission exhibits inherent hysteresis (viscosity hysteresis). That is, changes in grip force applied by the hand are not instantaneously transmitted to the miniature pressure sensor 23, but rather first act on the outermost tactile layer 21, then to the middle double-diaphragm conversion layer 22, thereby compressing the hydraulic oil between the bottom of the independent chamber 11 and the hydraulic oil chamber 24. Due to its viscosity, the hydraulic oil undergoes a gradual pressure change. The piston block 251 is in direct contact with and slidably connected to the hydraulic oil. The lower center of the piston block 251 is fixedly connected to the miniature pressure sensor 23, and its outer periphery is fixedly connected to the spring 252. When a sudden drop / increase in grip force occurs, it first pushes the tactile layer 21 and the double-diaphragm conversion layer 22 to compress the hydraulic oil, causing a slight pressure change. This pressure change pushes the piston block 251 to slide radially up and down, producing a slight displacement (displacement amount). (Positively correlated with pressure changes), the displacement of piston block 251 synchronously feeds back the pressure trend data of hydraulic oil in hydraulic oil chamber 24 (i.e., the direction and rate of pressure change). Due to the lag in hydraulic oil pressure transmission, the displacement feedback (pressure trend) of piston block 251 will be 50-100ms earlier than the hydraulic oil fully transmitting pressure to the innermost miniature pressure sensor 23 (real-time pressure data), thereby achieving "prediction of sudden changes in grip force" and solving the defect that miniature pressure sensor 23 can only detect in real time. In addition, by comparing the hydraulic oil pressure trend data of hydraulic oil chamber 24 fed back by piston block 251 with the pressure data collected by miniature pressure sensor 23, when the deviation exceeds the preset threshold, the sensitivity calibration of miniature pressure sensor 23 is automatically triggered to avoid the decrease in accuracy caused by environmental interference and long-term use. It forms a complementary synergy with miniature pressure sensor 23 to improve the stability and reliability of pressure detection.

[0051] Each independent chamber 11 corresponds to a miniature pressure sensor 23, and each miniature pressure sensor 23 is electrically connected to a pressure data conversion module to convert pressure signals into electrical signals.

[0052] The pressure data conversion module is integrated into the control box inside the steering wheel rim 1, and is used to convert the pressure data collected by the miniature pressure sensor 23 into a dynamic pressure spectrum.

[0053] The data recording module is electrically connected to the miniature pressure sensor 23, synchronously recording hand grip pressure data and hydraulic oil pressure trend data fed back by the piston block 251, and transmitting them to the fatigue analysis module for self-calibration of the miniature pressure sensor 23 and fatigue judgment assistance.

[0054] The miniature pressure sensors 23 in the eight independent fan-shaped chambers 11 synchronously collect pressure data. Combined with the hydraulic oil pressure trend data of the hydraulic oil chamber 24 fed back by the piston block 251 of the pressure transmission mechanism 25, a comprehensive hand pressure distribution map is constructed as the second priority data. This data is used to complement and verify the first priority vital sign data of the vital sign detection bracelet. When the pressure data or pressure trend of a certain independent chamber 11 area is abnormal and the vital sign detection bracelet data does not trigger fatigue judgment, the fatigue analysis module only activates the low-intensity warning of the warning feedback device 3 for that area to avoid false alarms affecting driving. At the same time, the abnormal changes in the driver's hand grip posture can be judged by the pressure distribution differences in different independent chamber 11 areas, supplementing the fatigue judgment dimension.

[0055] The steering detection module is integrated into the vehicle control system. It uses a steering angle sensor to detect the steering angle, steering angular velocity, steering acceleration and steering interval time of the steering wheel rim 1, and transmits the steering data to the fatigue analysis module in real time.

[0056] The vital signs monitoring wristband adopts a wearable design, including a vital signs acquisition module, a Bluetooth transmission module, an anomaly self-check module, and a vehicle power supply interface. The vital signs acquisition module has a built-in heart rate sensor and a blood oxygen sensor to collect three core vital signs data of the driver: heart rate, heart rate variability, and blood oxygen saturation. The Bluetooth transmission module uses Bluetooth 5.2, which is resistant to electromagnetic interference, with a transmission latency of ≤10ms, to ensure that vital signs data are transmitted to the fatigue analysis module in real time. The anomaly self-check module is used to detect the validity of the wristband's own data acquisition and provides timely feedback when data is abnormal. The vehicle power supply interface can be connected to the vehicle's charging port to achieve real-time power supply and avoid monitoring interruption due to power failure of the wristband.

[0057] When the vital signs detection wristband data transmission is interrupted or abnormal, the fatigue analysis module automatically switches priorities, using the pressure data from the fatigue monitoring device 2 as the first priority and the steering data from the steering detection module as the secondary priority, to ensure uninterrupted monitoring.

[0058] The fatigue analysis module is integrated into the intelligent vehicle system and is electrically connected to the fatigue monitoring device 2, the steering detection module, the vital signs detection wristband, and the intelligent vehicle system. It adopts dynamic priority logic, with the vital signs data of the vital signs detection wristband as the first priority, the pressure data of the fatigue monitoring device 2 as the second priority, and the steering data of the steering detection module as the auxiliary priority. It can automatically switch the data weight of each module according to the driving scenario and ambient temperature. At the same time, it has a built-in multi-module data fusion calibration mechanism to avoid misjudgment caused by abnormal data from a single module through mutual calibration of data from each module.

[0059] The fatigue analysis module classifies fatigue levels into mild, moderate, and severe fatigue, with the specific criteria as follows:

[0060] Mild fatigue: Only slightly abnormal vital signs (heart rate fluctuation ±10%-±20%, blood oxygen saturation 93%-95%) or only slightly abnormal pressure data (grip strength decrease 10%-20%, pressure distribution entropy value slightly increased), turning data are normal;

[0061] Moderate fatigue: Abnormal vital signs (heart rate fluctuation ≥ ±20%, blood oxygen saturation 90%-93%) and abnormal pressure data (grip strength decrease 20%-30%, pressure distribution entropy value significantly increased), with no obvious abnormalities in turning data;

[0062] Severe fatigue: Severely abnormal vital signs (heart rate fluctuation ≥ ±30%, blood oxygen saturation < 90%) and severely abnormal pressure data (grip strength decrease ≥ 30%, severe uneven pressure distribution), or accompanied by abnormal steering data such as slow steering operation and abnormal steering angle.

[0063] During operation, the vital signs detection wristband collects the driver's vital signs data in real time and transmits it to the fatigue analysis module. This data serves as the first priority for preliminary fatigue assessment. The fatigue monitoring device 2 uses miniature pressure sensors 23 within multiple independent chambers 11 to capture the location, magnitude, and frequency of pressure contact points on the driver's hands. The pressure data conversion module generates a dynamic pressure map, which is then transmitted to the fatigue analysis module as the second priority data. The steering detection module collects steering parameters from the steering wheel rim 1 as supplementary data. The fatigue analysis module processes the three different priority data through a fusion calibration mechanism to determine whether the driver is currently experiencing mild, moderate, or severe fatigue. It also combines this with different driving scenarios to control the warning feedback device 3 to provide corresponding warning methods. If a stress response is detected in the driver due to the warning, the vehicle's stress intervention module immediately intervenes to prevent accidents caused by improper operation. The module can also automatically switch priorities according to different driving scenarios. The specific logic is as follows:

[0064] High-speed driving scenario: The weight of steering detection module data has been increased (priority adjusted to: steering detection module data > vital sign data from vital sign detection wristband > pressure data from fatigue monitoring device 2).

[0065] Because drivers need to maintain a constant speed and straight line for extended periods while driving at high speeds, the force applied to the steering wheel rim 1 is relatively stable (the pressure data from the fatigue monitoring device 2 changes little, making it less valuable for reference). The vital signs data (such as heart rate) from the vital signs monitoring wristband are easily affected by the stress of high-speed driving, resulting in slight abnormalities (prone to misjudgment). If the wristband data is still prioritized, "abnormal vital signs caused by stress" can easily be misjudged as mild fatigue, triggering unnecessary warnings from the feedback device 3, distracting the driver, and increasing safety risks at high speeds. The most typical manifestation of fatigue is a lack of concentration, leading to abnormal steering maneuvers (such as turning...). The steering detection module data (including steering angle deviation, steering lag, and lane departure trend) can most directly and accurately reflect fatigue status, so its weight is increased. Setting the steering detection module data as the highest priority can accurately capture steering abnormalities caused by fatigue (such as sudden changes in steering angle and abnormal steering angular velocity), avoiding interference caused by misjudgment of vital sign data from the vital sign detection wristband. At the same time, cross-validation with vital sign data from the vital sign detection wristband improves the accuracy of fatigue judgment. The warning feedback device 3 is intensity-adapted to high-speed scenarios to avoid high-intensity warnings (such as strong vibration and strong wind) interfering with the hand gripping the steering wheel rim 1, ensuring high-speed driving stability.

[0066] Urban road scenario: The weight of pressure data from fatigue monitoring device 2 has been increased (priority adjusted to: pressure data from fatigue monitoring device 2 > vital signs data from vital signs detection wristband > data from steering detection module).

[0067] Due to the complex road conditions in urban areas (numerous traffic lights, many pedestrians and non-motorized vehicles, frequent acceleration, deceleration, and turns), the steering detection module operates frequently and irregularly (leading to large fluctuations in steering data and low reference value). Drivers need to frequently adjust the force they apply to the steering wheel rim 1 (e.g., significant changes in grip force during braking and turning). When fatigued, grip force decreases and pressure distribution becomes uneven (e.g., one hand relaxes, grip force drops suddenly). The pressure data from the fatigue monitoring device 2 can quickly reflect fatigue status, but the vital signs data from the vital signs detection bracelet is easily affected by frequent operations, resulting in fluctuations (e.g., a brief increase in heart rate during braking), thus reducing its reference value. If vital signs detection is still relied upon... The wristband data has the highest priority and will frequently trigger false judgments, causing the warning feedback device 3 to be activated frequently and interfering with the driver's normal operation. Therefore, the pressure data of the fatigue monitoring device 2 is given higher weight and set as the highest priority. This can accurately capture changes in grip strength and abnormal pressure distribution caused by fatigue, avoiding false judgments caused by fluctuations in the steering detection module data and the vital signs data of the wristband. The warning feedback device 3 is adapted to urban scenarios and can activate the air-cooling module (gentle cooling wake-up) to avoid the frequent operation of the micro-current magnetic pole module 32 in high-speed scenarios, thus ensuring the warning effect without affecting driving safety.

[0068] High / low temperature environment scenarios: The weight of vital signs data from the vital signs detection wristband is increased (the default priority is maintained: vital signs data from the vital signs detection wristband > pressure data from the fatigue monitoring device 2 > data from the steering detection module, and the weight of the vital signs detection wristband is further increased).

[0069] In high-temperature environments, drivers tend to sweat, and the pressure data from the fatigue monitoring device 2 is affected by sweat when the driver grips the steering wheel rim 1 (e.g., false triggering of the miniature pressure sensor 23, inaccurate pressure values), reducing its reference value. The steering detection module data shows no obvious abnormalities. However, when fatigued, the vital signs data from the vital signs detection bracelet show significant abnormalities (e.g., increased heart rate, decreased blood oxygen saturation), and are not directly affected by ambient temperature, accurately reflecting fatigue status. In low-temperature environments, the driver's hands are stiff, and the grip strength data from the fatigue monitoring device 2 shows no significant change (low reference value), resulting in less accurate reflection of fatigue status. Changes in blood oxygen levels can more accurately reflect the decline in physical condition caused by fatigue. Therefore, further increasing the weight of vital sign data from the vital sign detection wristband can avoid the interference of ambient temperature on the pressure data of the fatigue monitoring device 2, accurately capture abnormal vital signs caused by fatigue, and cross-validate the pressure trend data transmitted by the hydraulic oil chamber 24 to improve the accuracy of fatigue judgment in different temperature environments. The early warning feedback device 3 adapts to the ambient temperature, prioritizing the activation of the air-cooling module at high temperatures and the activation of the micro-current magnetic pole module 32 at low temperatures, which achieves both the wake-up effect and avoids the aggravation of early warning stimulation by ambient temperature, preventing the driver from having a stress response.

[0070] In summary, compared to the existing fatigue monitoring function's single fixed priority method of judging fatigue monitoring data between the car steering wheel and the vehicle's infotainment system, which cannot accurately judge different scenarios and leads to inaccurate fatigue level detection, the dynamic priority switching in this solution can flexibly adjust the reference weight of each module's data according to the driving characteristics and environmental influences of different scenarios. This solves the problem of "poor adaptability and high false alarm and false negative rates" of the single priority method, and improves the accuracy of fatigue judgment in different scenarios. At the same time, the intensity, mode and scenario depth of the collaborative warning feedback device 3 are adapted to ensure the warning effect while avoiding warning stimulation from interfering with driving operation, eliminating stress reactions, meeting the core needs of overall fatigue monitoring, and improving the safety of driving the vehicle during the process of the driver going from fatigue to wakefulness.

[0071] The fatigue analysis module has a built-in data storage unit and a data encryption module. The data storage unit can synchronously store data from each module, fatigue judgment results and early warning records, with a storage time of ≥72 hours. It can be used for fatigue driving analysis and accident liability identification.

[0072] The data encryption module uses the AES-128 encryption algorithm to prevent data tampering, and also supports data synchronization with the vehicle's backend system to achieve remote monitoring and data analysis.

[0073] The warning feedback device 3 is embedded in the steering wheel rim 1 and includes a small eccentric vibration motor 31, an air-cooled module and a micro-current magnetic pole module 32. The three modules can be started individually or in combination. All of them adopt a non-stress stimulation design to avoid triggering the driver's stress response.

[0074] The air-cooled module is electrically connected to the vehicle's air conditioning module. The small eccentric vibration motor 31 and the micro-current magnetic pole module 32 are embedded in the inner side of the steering wheel rim 1, corresponding to each independent chamber 11.

[0075] The specific warning methods are adjusted according to fatigue levels and driving scenarios as follows:

[0076] When mild fatigue occurs in all scenarios, only the small eccentric vibration motor 31 in the corresponding area is activated, using low-frequency intermittent vibration of 5-8Hz with a vibration intensity ≤5N;

[0077] When moderate fatigue occurs in high-speed scenarios, the small eccentric vibration motor 31 and the micro-current magnetic pole module 32 are activated. When moderate fatigue occurs in urban scenarios, the small eccentric vibration motor 31 and the air-cooling module are activated. In the above process, the small eccentric vibration motor 31 uses 10-12Hz medium-frequency vibration, the micro-current magnetic pole module 32 uses a micro-current of ≤3mA to stimulate the hand, and the air-cooling module directly activates the vehicle's air conditioning to blow cold air at a temperature of 20-25℃ to the driver's seat with a wind speed of ≤2m / s.

[0078] When severe fatigue occurs in any scenario, the small eccentric vibration motor 31 and the micro-current magnetic pole module 32 are immediately activated. The small eccentric vibration motor 31 uses a high-frequency vibration of 15-18Hz, and the micro-current magnetic pole module 32 uses a safe micro-current of ≤5mA to stimulate the hand.

[0079] The fatigue analysis module uses different criteria for mild, moderate and severe fatigue, and can adopt corresponding early warning methods in different scenarios to avoid stress reactions in drivers, keep them alert and improve vehicle driving safety.

[0080] The vehicle-mounted stress intervention module is electrically connected to the fatigue analysis module and the intelligent vehicle-mounted system. Its stress judgment condition is as follows: after the warning feedback device 3 is activated, the steering detection module detects a sudden change in the steering angle of the steering wheel rim 1 of ≥45° / s and an abnormal steering angular velocity. At the same time, the vital signs detection bracelet detects a sudden increase in heart rate of ≥120 beats / minute. Based on the comprehensive judgment, the driver has a stress response.

[0081] Intervention methods include automatically adjusting the vehicle speed to 80% of the current road speed limit and maintaining a constant speed, automatically activating the hazard warning lights to remind vehicles behind to pay attention and avoid the vehicle, locking the steering wheel steering range and limiting the steering angle to ≤30° to prevent the driver from oversteering or understeering due to stress reaction, and simultaneously providing voice reminders to the driver. Once the driver's data and operations return to normal, the intervention state is automatically deactivated.

[0082] By using dynamic priority logic, the data weights of each module are automatically switched according to scenarios such as highways, cities, and high / low temperatures, solving the problem of false alarms and missed alarms caused by single priority. Through multi-module data fusion calibration, the accuracy of fatigue judgment is improved. Early warning feedback and scenario adaptation, vehicle-mounted system intervention to ensure driving safety, and the collaboration of various structures to achieve accurate and reliable fatigue driving monitoring.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] As a further improvement to Example 1, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the fatigue monitoring device 2 has been upgraded: the miniature pressure sensor 23 adopts a high-precision fiber optic pressure sensor, which improves the detection accuracy by 30% and can capture more subtle changes in grip force; a temperature sensor is added to the hydraulic oil chamber 24 to detect the hydraulic oil temperature in real time, and combined with the ambient temperature data, further optimizes the calibration accuracy of the pressure data and avoids the influence of temperature changes on pressure detection; the data recording module adds a data caching function, which can store ≥168 hours (7 days) of monitoring data to meet the needs of longer-term data analysis.

[0085] Steering detection module upgrade: Integrated lane departure warning function, which can detect whether the vehicle deviates from the lane in real time. Combined with steering data, it further improves the accuracy of fatigue judgment; Added steering force detection function, which captures changes in the driver's steering force and supplements the fatigue judgment dimension.

[0086] The vital signs monitoring wristband has been upgraded: a new body temperature collection function has been added, and the vital signs collection module integrates a body temperature sensor to collect the driver's body temperature data in real time, supplementing the dimensions of vital signs monitoring. The Bluetooth transmission module adopts Bluetooth version 5.3 with a transmission latency of ≤5ms, improving the real-time performance of data transmission. A new wireless charging function has also been added, which can achieve wireless power supply through the vehicle's wireless charging pad without the need for a wired connection.

[0087] The fatigue analysis module has been upgraded by introducing a self-learning algorithm. Through machine learning, the dynamic priority switching logic is optimized, and the priority weight is adjusted in a personalized manner according to the driver's driving habits (such as daily grip strength and steering frequency), further reducing the false alarm and missed alarm rates. A new fatigue trend prediction function has been added, which can predict the driver's fatigue trend in the next 10-15 minutes based on historical monitoring data and activate low-intensity warnings in advance to achieve "early prediction and early reminder".

[0088] The warning feedback device 3 has been upgraded: the air-cooled module now has a temperature adjustment function, which can automatically adjust the air temperature according to the ambient temperature; the micro-current magnetic pole module 32 can automatically adjust the micro-current intensity according to the driver's hand skin sensitivity, improving the comfort of the warning; a new voice warning module has been added, which is linked with the car audio system to issue different voice reminders according to the level of fatigue, enhancing the warning effect.

[0089] The vehicle-mounted infotainment system has been upgraded with the following features: an emergency call function has been added, which automatically dials emergency contacts and traffic police numbers when the driver experiences severe stress, such as loss of consciousness, and simultaneously sends the vehicle's location information; a lane keeping assist function has also been added, which can automatically keep the vehicle in the current lane when it intervenes, further improving driving safety.

[0090] Working principle:

[0091] Startup and initialization phase:

[0092] When the vehicle starts, the entire fatigue driving monitoring system starts synchronously, and each module completes initialization: the miniature pressure sensor 23, pressure data conversion module, and data recording module of fatigue monitoring device 2 perform self-test reset; the steering detection module links with the vehicle control system to complete the benchmark calibration of parameters such as steering angle and angular velocity; the vital signs detection wristband automatically establishes a connection with the smart vehicle system via Bluetooth, and the abnormal self-test module detects the effectiveness of the data acquisition function to ensure normal data transmission; the fatigue analysis module, early warning feedback device 3, and vehicle stress intervention module simultaneously complete parameter initialization and enter standby mode.

[0093] Multi-module synchronous data acquisition phase:

[0094] After initialization, the three core acquisition modules start synchronously to collect relevant data in real time, ensuring the comprehensiveness and real-time nature of the monitoring.

[0095] Fatigue monitoring device 2: When the driver grips the steering wheel, the hand pressure first acts on the tactile layer 21 on the outer surface of the steering wheel rim 1. The tactile layer 21 buffers the pressure and evenly transmits it to the lower double diaphragm conversion layer 22. The double diaphragm conversion layer 22 converts the dispersed hand pressure into uniform pressure, which is then transmitted to the vehicle-specific low-temperature anti-wear hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil chamber 24. The hydraulic oil transmits the pressure to the piston block 251, pushing the piston block 251 to move radially downward along the steering wheel rim 1, compressing the spring 252. The bottom of the piston block 251 contacts the micro pressure sensor 23, converting the pressure signal into an electrical signal. The micro pressure sensor 23 transmits the electrical signal to the pressure data conversion module, converting it into a dynamic pressure spectrum. At the same time, the data recording module records the hand grip pressure data and hydraulic oil pressure trend data simultaneously for subsequent self-calibration and auxiliary judgment. Steering detection module: Real-time detection of the steering angle, steering angular velocity, steering acceleration, and steering interval time of the steering wheel rim 1, which are then transmitted synchronously to the fatigue analysis module.

[0096] Vital signs monitoring wristband: The vital signs acquisition module collects three core data points of the driver in real time: heart rate, heart rate variability, and blood oxygen saturation. The data is transmitted to the fatigue analysis module via an anti-electromagnetic interference Bluetooth module. The vehicle power supply interface can provide real-time power supply to avoid monitoring interruption due to power failure. When the wristband data transmission is abnormal or interrupted, the priority switching logic of the fatigue analysis module is automatically triggered.

[0097] Data fusion analysis and fatigue assessment stage:

[0098] As the core control unit, the fatigue analysis module receives data transmitted from the three acquisition modules and completes the analysis and judgment according to the following steps to ensure accurate judgment and no false alarms or missed alarms;

[0099] Step 1: Dynamic Priority Switching. By default, data is processed according to the logic of "vital signs data (first priority), stress data (second priority), and steering data (assistance priority)". At the same time, the weight of each module's data is automatically adjusted according to the driving scenario (highway / city) and ambient temperature (for example, in high-temperature environments, the priority of vital signs data is further increased; in high-speed scenarios, the weight of steering data is increased).

[0100] Step 2: Multi-module data fusion calibration. By cross-validating the data from each module, misjudgments caused by anomalies in data from a single module are eliminated (for example, when vital signs data are slightly abnormal, pressure data and steering data are combined; if the latter two are normal, it is determined to be non-fatigue), ensuring the validity of the data and the accuracy of the judgment.

[0101] Step 3: Fatigue Level Assessment. Based on the degree of data anomalies, fatigue levels are divided into three levels, with clear assessment criteria:

[0102] Mild fatigue: Only slightly abnormal vital signs (heart rate fluctuation ±10%-±20%, blood oxygen saturation 93%-95%), or only slightly abnormal pressure data (grip strength decrease 10%-20%, pressure distribution entropy value slightly increased), and normal turning data;

[0103] Moderate fatigue: Abnormal vital signs (heart rate fluctuation ≥ ±20%, blood oxygen saturation 90%-93%) and abnormal pressure data (grip strength decrease 20%-30%, pressure distribution entropy value significantly increased), while turning data shows no obvious abnormalities;

[0104] Severe fatigue: Severely abnormal vital signs (heart rate fluctuation ≥ ±30%, blood oxygen saturation < 90%) and severely abnormal pressure data (grip strength decrease ≥ 30%, severe uneven pressure distribution), or accompanied by abnormal steering data such as slow steering operation and abnormal steering angle.

[0105] Meanwhile, the fatigue analysis module synchronously stores data from each module, fatigue judgment results, and early warning records (storage time ≥ 72 hours) through its built-in data storage unit. The data encryption module uses the AES-128 encryption algorithm to prevent data tampering and supports synchronization with the vehicle's backend system for subsequent analysis and accident identification.

[0106] Tiered early warning feedback phase:

[0107] After the fatigue analysis module outputs the fatigue judgment result, it triggers the early warning feedback device 3 to start. The early warning method is adapted to the fatigue level and driving scenario, and adopts a non-stress stimulus design to avoid triggering the driver's stress response.

[0108] Mild fatigue (all scenarios): Only the small eccentric vibration motor 31 corresponding to the hand grip area is activated (one motor per independent chamber 11), using low-frequency intermittent vibration of 5-8Hz, with vibration intensity ≤5N, to gently remind the driver to stay alert;

[0109] Moderate fatigue: In high-speed scenarios, the "small eccentric vibration motor 31 and micro-current magnetic pole module 32" are activated; in urban scenarios, the "small eccentric vibration motor 31 and air-cooling module" are activated. The micro-current magnetic pole module 32 can adjust the micro-current intensity (1-5mA) according to the sensitivity of the skin on the hand. A new voice warning module is added to provide reminders in conjunction with the car audio system.

[0110] Severe fatigue (all scenarios): Activate "small eccentric vibration motor 31 and micro-current magnetic pole module 32" to enhance the early warning effect and urge the driver to stop and rest in time;

[0111] Once the warning is activated, the system continuously monitors the driver's condition. If the fatigue condition is relieved, the warning will automatically stop and normal monitoring will resume. If the fatigue condition persists or worsens, the warning will be maintained and the system will enter the stress response detection phase.

[0112] Vehicle system intervention phase:

[0113] After the early warning feedback device 3 is activated, the vehicle-mounted stress intervention module will be activated simultaneously to monitor and determine whether the driver has a stress response.

[0114] Stress determination: When the steering detection module detects a sudden change in steering angle of steering wheel rim 1 ≥45° / s and abnormal steering angular velocity, and at the same time the vital signs detection wristband detects a sudden increase in driver's heart rate ≥120 beats / minute, it is determined that the driver has experienced a stress response (such as sudden fainting, loss of control, etc.).

[0115] Once a driver is determined to have a stress response, the following intervention measures should be initiated immediately to ensure driving safety:

[0116] The vehicle automatically adjusts its speed to 80% of the current road speed limit and maintains a constant speed to avoid danger caused by excessive speed or slow speed.

[0117] Automatically activates hazard lights to warn surrounding vehicles to give way;

[0118] Lock the steering wheel's turning range, limiting the steering angle to ≤30° to prevent loss of steering wheel control;

[0119] Simultaneous voice prompts to the driver and surrounding personnel.

[0120] Intervention release and continuous intervention: If the driver's data (heart rate, steering operation) and condition return to normal, the warning and stress intervention will be automatically released, and normal driving and monitoring will be restored; if the driver's condition does not recover, the intervention will be maintained.

[0121] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A car steering wheel with fatigue driving monitoring function, characterized in that, include: The steering wheel rim (1) has multiple independent chambers (11) inside. The fatigue monitoring device (2) includes a pressure data conversion module and multiple miniature pressure sensors (23). The multiple miniature pressure sensors (23) are electrically connected to the pressure data conversion module and are respectively installed in each independent chamber (11). Steering detection module, which is installed in the vehicle system, is used to detect the steering behavior characteristics of the steering wheel rim (1); A vital signs detection wristband is electrically connected to the intelligent vehicle to collect the driver's heart rate, heart rate variability, and blood oxygen saturation. The fatigue analysis module is electrically connected to the fatigue monitoring device (2), the steering detection module, the vital signs detection wristband, and the smart vehicle. It is used to receive and process the data signals of each module. The fatigue analysis module switches the priority of each module's data according to the driving scenario and ambient temperature. The priority for high-speed driving scenario is: steering detection module data > vital signs data of the vital signs detection wristband > pressure data of the fatigue monitoring device (2). The priority for urban road scenario is: pressure data of the fatigue monitoring device (2) > vital signs data of the vital signs detection wristband > steering detection module data. The warning feedback device (3) is embedded in the steering wheel rim (1) and is electromechanically connected to the intelligent vehicle. The vehicle-mounted system stress intervention module is electrically connected to the fatigue analysis module and the intelligent vehicle-mounted system, respectively. The fatigue monitoring device (2) also includes: A tactile layer (21) is made of an elastic material and is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the steering wheel rim (1); A dual-film conversion layer (22) is disposed directly below the tactile layer (21) and fixedly connected to the outward end of the independent chamber (11). The dual-film conversion layer (22) is composed of two metal or polymer films with specific rigidity. Hydraulic oil chamber (24), which is located at the bottom of independent chamber (11) and is filled with vehicle-specific hydraulic oil; The pressure transmission mechanism (25) includes a piston block (251) and a spring (252) slidably connected in the hydraulic oil chamber (24). The piston block (251) is radially distributed along the steering wheel rim (1). The end of the piston block (251) close to the double diaphragm conversion layer (22) is in contact with the hydraulic oil, and the end away from the double diaphragm conversion layer (22) is fixedly connected to the micro pressure sensor (23). The spring (252) is sleeved on the outside of the micro pressure sensor (23), and both ends are fixedly connected to the piston block (251) and the bottom of the hydraulic oil chamber (24) respectively. The data recording module is electrically connected to the miniature pressure sensor (23).

2. The automobile steering wheel having a fatigue driving monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are 8 independent chambers (11), which are evenly distributed in a ring within the steering wheel rim (1). Each independent chamber (11) is fan-shaped and corresponds to the thumb area, index finger to little finger area and palm area of ​​the driver's hand. Each independent chamber (11) is equipped with a hydraulic oil chamber (24), a piston block (251), a double diaphragm conversion layer (22) and a miniature pressure sensor (23).

3. The automobile steering wheel having a fatigue driving monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vital signs detection wristband includes a vital signs acquisition module, a Bluetooth transmission module, an abnormality self-check module, and a vehicle power supply interface. The Bluetooth transmission module adopts Bluetooth 5.2 with anti-electromagnetic interference and a transmission delay of ≤10ms.

4. The automobile steering wheel having a fatigue driving monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fatigue analysis module classifies fatigue levels into mild fatigue, moderate fatigue, and severe fatigue, and incorporates a multi-module data fusion and calibration mechanism.

5. A car steering wheel with fatigue driving monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The early warning feedback device (3) includes a small eccentric vibration motor (31), an air-cooled module and a micro-current magnetic pole module (32), which can be started individually or in combination.

6. A car steering wheel with fatigue driving monitoring function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The air-cooled module is electrically connected to the vehicle air conditioning module. The small eccentric vibration motor (31) and the micro-current magnetic pole module (32) are embedded in the inner side of the steering wheel rim (1) for each independent chamber (11).

7. The automobile steering wheel having a fatigue driving monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stress determination condition of the vehicle stress intervention module is that after the early warning feedback device (3) is activated, the steering detection module detects that the steering angle of the steering wheel rim (1) changes by ≥45° / s and the steering angular velocity is abnormal, and at the same time the vital signs detection bracelet detects a heart rate of ≥120 beats / minute.

8. A car steering wheel with fatigue driving monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic oil chamber (24) adopts an oil-resistant rubber sealing structure. The hydraulic oil is low-temperature anti-wear type and can work in the range of -40℃ to 125℃. The piston block (251) has an anti-wear coating on its surface. The spring (252) is a high-temperature resistant spring. The metal or polymer film of the double diaphragm conversion layer (22) is made of anti-aging and anti-deformation material.

9. The automobile steering wheel having a fatigue driving monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fatigue analysis module has a built-in data storage unit and a data encryption module, and the data encryption module uses the AES-128 encryption algorithm.

Images