Box type hull structure and design method

Abstract

The invention discloses a box type hull structure and a design method, and the box type hull structure comprises a cabin body which extends in the longitudinal direction and is provided with an inner cabin; the first reinforcing plate is arranged in the inner cabin and extends in the longitudinal direction; the second reinforcing plate is arranged in the inner cabin and extends in the longitudinal direction, the second reinforcing plate and the first reinforcing plate are spaced in the transverse direction, and the second reinforcing plate and the first reinforcing plate are symmetrically arranged along the middle longitudinal section of the cabin body; the first reinforcing plate and the second reinforcing plate divide the inner cabin into a left cabin, a middle cabin and a right cabin which are sequentially arranged in the transverse direction. The neutral axis of the cross section structure of the cabin body is located at the geometric midline position of the cross section structure of the cabin body in the height direction. The first reinforcing plate and the second reinforcing plate are symmetrically arranged along the middle longitudinal section at intervals, and the structure neutralizing shaft of the cross section of the ship body structure is located at the geometric center line position of the cross section structure in the height direction, so that under the condition that the same bearing requirement is met, the using amount of structural materials can be remarkably reduced, the ship body is lightened, and the construction cost is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of deck transport vessel technology, and in particular to a box-shaped hull structure and design method. Background Technology

[0002] Lightweight design of ships can improve their economy and environmental performance. In particular, for wide-deck ships such as deck cargo ships, reducing the weight of the hull can be directly converted into cargo carrying capacity or reduced fuel consumption.

[0003] In related technologies, the hull is a hollow beam structure. In order to improve structural strength, the design focus is on ensuring the strength of the upper deck and its adjacent structures to improve bending resistance, but this has the problems of lightweighting and poor economy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a box-shaped hull structure and design method.

[0005] Firstly, this application proposes a box-shaped hull structure, including: The cabin extends longitudinally and has an inner compartment. The first reinforcing plate is installed inside the inner compartment and extends longitudinally. The two ends of the first reinforcing plate along the height direction are connected to the top wall and bottom wall of the inner compartment, respectively. The second reinforcing plate is installed inside the inner compartment and extends longitudinally. The second reinforcing plate is spaced laterally from the first reinforcing plate and is symmetrically arranged along the mid-longitudinal section of the compartment. Among them, the first and second reinforcing plates separate the inner compartment into the left, middle and right compartments arranged in a transverse order; The neutral axis of the cross-sectional structure of the hull is located at the geometric centerline of the cross-sectional structure in the height direction.

[0006] In some embodiments, a first inner floor plate is provided in the left compartment. The first inner floor plate extends along the lateral and longitudinal directions of the left compartment to divide the left compartment into a left empty compartment area and a left ballast compartment area. The left empty compartment area is located on the upper surface of the first inner floor plate, and the left ballast compartment area is located on the lower surface of the first inner floor plate. The right compartment is provided with a second inner floor plate, which extends along the transverse and longitudinal directions of the right compartment to divide the right compartment into a right empty compartment area and a right ballast compartment area. The right empty compartment area is located on the upper surface of the second inner floor plate, and the right ballast compartment area is located on the lower surface of the second inner floor plate. The second inner bottom plate is mirror-symmetrically arranged with the first inner bottom plate along the mid-longitudinal section.

[0007] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the middle compartment in the height direction is provided with a first reinforcing member extending longitudinally. The cross-section of the first reinforcing member is T-shaped, and the small end of the first reinforcing member is connected to the inner wall of the middle compartment in the height direction. The first reinforcing member is positioned in a manner that corresponds to the mid-longitudinal section.

[0008] In some embodiments, the hull includes an upper deck, a lower bottom plate, a port side shell plate, and a starboard side shell plate. The upper deck and the lower bottom plate are spaced apart and opposite to each other along the height direction, and the port side shell plate and the starboard side shell plate are spaced apart and opposite to each other along the lateral direction. The two ends of the port side shell plate along the height direction are connected to the upper deck and the lower bottom plate, respectively, and the two ends of the starboard side shell plate along the height direction are connected to the upper deck and the lower bottom plate, respectively. The first reinforcing plate is connected to the upper deck and the lower bottom plate at both ends along the height direction, and encloses the port side shell plate to form the port compartment; The second reinforcing plate is connected to the upper deck and the lower bottom plate at both ends along the height direction, and encloses the starboard side shell plate to form the starboard compartment; The first and second reinforcing plates, together with the upper deck and lower bottom plate located between the first and second reinforcing plates, form the middle compartment.

[0009] In some embodiments, the middle compartment is also provided with an internal passageway that extends longitudinally. The internal passageway is located adjacent to the left or right compartment, wherein the upper deck and the first or second reinforcing plate form two side walls adjacent to the internal passageway.

[0010] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a plurality of bulb flat steel bars extending longitudinally, and the plurality of bulb flat steel bars being disposed at intervals on the periphery of the cabin body, the first reinforcing plate, the second reinforcing plate, the first inner bottom plate, the second inner bottom plate, and the cabin passage.

[0011] In some embodiments, the middle compartment is also provided with a passageway side plate and a passageway bottom plate, which together with the deck and the first or second reinforcing plate enclose the compartment passageway. Multiple bulb flat steel bars are spaced apart on the side plate and bottom plate of the passageway, away from the passageway inside the cabin.

[0012] In some embodiments, the upper deck, lower bottom plate, port side shell plate, and starboard side shell plate are provided with a plurality of bulb flats spaced apart on the side facing the interior compartment; Multiple bulb flat steel bars are spaced apart along the height direction on the side of the first reinforcing plate facing the left compartment and on the side of the second reinforcing plate facing the right compartment. The first inner bottom plate facing the left ballast tank area and the second inner bottom plate facing the right ballast tank area are both provided with multiple bulb flat steels at transverse intervals. Multiple bulb flat steel bars are symmetrically arranged along the central longitudinal section.

[0013] In some embodiments, the upper deck bulges upward at the position corresponding to the center longitudinal section.

[0014] The second aspect of this disclosure provides a design method for a box-shaped hull structure, characterized in that it is applicable to the box-shaped hull structure proposed in the first aspect, and the steps include: The design constraints are determined, including that the moment of inertia of the cross section of the box hull structure must meet the minimum value required by the specification, and that the neutral axis of the cross section of the box hull structure must coincide with the geometric centerline in the height direction of the cross section of the hull structure. The initial structure of the box-shaped hull is constructed, including a hull with an inner compartment. A first and second reinforcing plate are symmetrically arranged about the mid-longitudinal section of the hull within the inner compartment. The first and second reinforcing plates extend longitudinally along the hull and divide the inner compartment into a left compartment, a middle compartment, and a right compartment arranged transversely. A first inner bottom plate is provided in the left compartment, dividing it into an upper left empty compartment area and a lower left ballast compartment area. A second inner bottom plate, mirror-symmetrical to the first inner bottom plate, is provided in the right compartment, dividing it into an upper right empty compartment area and a lower right ballast compartment area. At least one first reinforcing member is provided longitudinally within the middle compartment. Multiple bulb flat steel bars are provided longitudinally on the corresponding wall plates of the hull, the first reinforcing plate, the second reinforcing plate, the first inner bottom plate, and the second inner bottom plate. Based on design constraints, the thicknesses of the first reinforcing plate, the second reinforcing plate, the first inner bottom plate, the second inner bottom plate, the first reinforcing member, and the walls of each panel of the cabin are adjusted in a coordinated manner, as well as the specifications and arrangement parameters of each bulb flat steel and the first reinforcing member. Through iterative calculation, the initial structural model is made to simultaneously satisfy the cross-sectional moment of inertia constraint and the neutral axis position constraint. Output the final structural dimensions and layout scheme that meet the design constraints.

[0015] Compared to existing technologies, the box-shaped hull structure proposed in this application divides the hull into symmetrical left and right compartments and a centrally located mid-section by using symmetrically spaced first and second reinforcing plates along the mid-longitudinal section. Furthermore, the structural neutral axis of the hull structure is located at the geometric centerline of the structure in the height direction. When the ship undergoes longitudinal bending, the structural stress distribution is optimized, and the material strength is fully utilized. Thus, while meeting the same load-bearing requirements, the amount of structural material used can be significantly reduced, achieving hull lightweighting and effectively reducing construction costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the box-shaped hull provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional dimensions of the box-shaped hull structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0017] Figure label: 01. Mid-longitudinal section; 10. Hull; 11. Upper deck; 12. Lower bottom plate; 13. Port side shell plate; 14. Starboard side shell plate; 20. First reinforcing plate; 30. Second reinforcing plate; 40. Left compartment; 41. First inner floor plate; 42. Left empty compartment area; 43. Left ballast compartment area 50. Mid-section; 51. First reinforcing component; 60. Starboard compartment; 61. Second inner floor plate; 62. Starboard empty compartment area; 63. Starboard ballast compartment area; 70. Cabin passageway; 71. Passageway side panel; 72. Passageway floor panel; 80. Ball flat steel. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To better understand the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of this specification and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of this specification. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this specification and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0019] In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The term "two or more" includes two or more cases.

[0020] However, the design of related technologies has led to a significant upward shift in the position of the structural neutral axis in the hull cross section, which is much higher than the geometric center of the cross section height. This results in the lower half of the ship bearing greater bending stress when it is bent, affecting the ship's safety. To ensure safety, the related design approach is to continuously increase the material in the upper deck area of ​​the neutral axis, resulting in huge material redundancy and increased weight, making it impossible to achieve hull lightweighting.

[0021] Firstly, such as Figure 1 As shown, this application proposes a box-shaped hull structure, including: a hull 10 extending longitudinally, the hull 10 having an inner compartment; The first reinforcing plate 20 is installed inside the inner compartment and extends longitudinally. The two ends of the first reinforcing plate 20 along the height direction are connected to the top wall and bottom wall of the inner compartment, respectively. The second reinforcing plate 30 is disposed in the inner compartment and extends longitudinally. The second reinforcing plate 30 and the first reinforcing plate 20 are spaced laterally and are symmetrically arranged along the mid-longitudinal section 01 of the compartment 10. Among them, the first reinforcing plate 20 and the second reinforcing plate 30 divide the inner compartment into the left compartment 40, the middle compartment 50 and the right compartment 60 arranged in a transverse order. The neutral axis of the cross-sectional structure of the hull 10 is located at the geometric centerline of the cross-sectional structure of the hull 10 in the height direction.

[0022] It should be noted that the longitudinal direction is the length direction of the hull 10, that is, the direction from bow to stern; the transverse direction is the width direction of the hull 10, that is, the direction from port side to starboard side; and the height direction is the direction from lower bottom plate 12 to upper deck 11.

[0023] Understandably, in order to solve the problem of structural bulkiness caused by the deviation of the neutral axis of the hull beam cross section from the geometric center due to unreasonable ship structural layout in related technologies, this disclosure proposes a box-shaped hull structure.

[0024] The hull structure is based on the compartment 10 extending along the length (longitudinal direction) of the ship, forming a complete and continuous box-shaped load-bearing unit. In the inner compartment space of the compartment 10, a first reinforcing plate 20 and a second reinforcing plate 30 are arranged longitudinally. The first reinforcing plate 20 and the second reinforcing plate 30 serve as two longitudinal bulkheads, dividing the inner compartment into the port compartment 40, the middle compartment 50 and the starboard compartment 60.

[0025] The first reinforcing plate 20 is firmly connected to the top wall (i.e., upper deck 11) and bottom wall (i.e., lower bottom plate 12) of the inner compartment at its upper and lower ends in the height direction, forming a continuous longitudinal support from top to bottom. Furthermore, the first reinforcing plate 20 and the second reinforcing plate 30 are spaced apart in the beam direction and are mirror-symmetrically arranged about the mid-longitudinal section 01 of the ship. This divides the originally integral, interconnected inner compartment space into three continuous longitudinal sub-compartments in the transverse direction: the left compartment 40, the middle compartment 50, and the starboard compartment 60, from left to right. This makes the hull 10 a multi-compartment box-beam structure, ensuring that the structural neutral axis of the box-shaped hull structure falls on the geometric center line in the height direction of any transverse section. The structural neutral axis is the axis where bending stress is zero.

[0026] In existing related technologies, deck-loaded ship designs concentrate structural strength at the upper deck position, causing the center of mass (centroid) of the hull section to shift upwards, resulting in a higher structural neutral axis. This solution reconstructs the material distribution within the hull by symmetrically installing longitudinally extending first and second reinforcing plates 20 and 30 within the inner compartments. The first and second reinforcing plates 20 and 30 add two longitudinal reinforcing structures from top to bottom within the hull 10, which, in conjunction with the side structure, adjust the mass of the entire cross-section from top-heavy to bottom-light, thus shifting the centroid of the section downwards to coincide with the geometric center.

[0027] Furthermore, the port cabin 40, mid-cabin 50, and starboard cabin 60, together with the top and bottom walls, form a box girder structure with two longitudinal reinforcing plates, an upper deck 11, and a lower bottom plate 12. The symmetrically arranged first reinforcing plate 20 and second reinforcing plate 30 ensure the uniformity of load transfer. When the centroid of the section coincides with the geometric center, based on the principles of material mechanics, the neutral axis must pass through the centroid. Therefore, the neutral axis can pass through the midpoint of the height direction of the transverse section structure. The central neutral axis ensures that when the hull structure is subjected to longitudinal bending in waves, the absolute values ​​of the maximum tensile stress and the maximum compressive stress generated in the section are equal, and the material strength potential is fully and evenly utilized. Under the same requirements of the classification society's specifications for the section moment of inertia and section modulus, since the material efficiency reaches the theoretical optimum, unnecessary structural redundancy can be minimized, directly reducing the amount of steel used.

[0028] In some embodiments, a first inner floor plate 41 is provided inside the left compartment 40. The first inner floor plate 41 extends along the lateral and longitudinal directions of the left compartment 40 to divide the left compartment 40 into a left empty compartment area 42 and a left ballast compartment area 43. The left empty compartment area 42 is located on the upper surface of the first inner floor plate 41, and the left ballast compartment area 43 is located on the lower surface of the first inner floor plate 41. The right compartment 60 is provided with a second inner floor plate 61. The second inner floor plate 61 extends along the transverse and longitudinal directions of the right compartment 60 to divide the right compartment 60 into a right empty compartment area 62 and a right ballast compartment area 63. The right empty compartment area 62 is located on the upper surface of the second inner floor plate 61, and the right ballast compartment area 63 is located on the lower surface of the second inner floor plate 61. The second inner bottom plate 61 is mirror-symmetrically arranged with the first inner bottom plate 41 along the mid-longitudinal section 01.

[0029] Understandably, the first inner bottom plate 41 divides the left compartment 40 into a left empty compartment area 42 and a left ballast compartment area 43 in the height direction. The left ballast compartment area 43 is used to load ballast water, which is a key compartment for adjusting the ship's draft and stability.

[0030] The second inner bottom plate 61 and the first inner floor plate are mirror-symmetrically arranged along the mid-longitudinal section 01, so that the mass distribution of the left and right compartments 60 is symmetrical. Similarly, the right compartment 60 is divided into the right empty compartment area 62 and the right ballast compartment area 63 in the height direction. The volume and shape of the right ballast compartment area 63 are symmetrical with those of the left ballast compartment area 43, so that the ship has ballast stability.

[0031] Furthermore, the absence of an inner bottom plate in the middle compartment 50 reduces material usage and makes the hull 10 lighter. Additionally, the absence of ballast tanks in the middle compartment 50, with ballast tank areas only in the left compartment 40 and right compartment 60, effectively reduces the free surface area and further improves the stability of the ship's navigation.

[0032] The first inner bottom plate 41 and the second inner bottom plate 61 are respectively installed in the left compartment 40 and the right compartment 60 and extend horizontally. They not only serve to separate the compartments, but also act as longitudinal connecting members, improving the longitudinal strength of the bottom of the hull and the integrity of the transverse frame, and effectively suppressing the deformation of the side outer plate and the lower bottom plate 12 under external water pressure.

[0033] By injecting ballast water into the left ballast tank area 43 and the right ballast tank area 63, the mass of the bottom area of ​​the hull can be increased. This mass is then superimposed on the structural mass of the first inner bottom plate 41 or the second inner bottom plate 61 inside the tank, causing the centroid (center of mass) of the hull section to shift downward. This makes it easier to position the neutral axis at the geometric centerline of the transverse section structure of the hull 10 in the height direction.

[0034] In some embodiments, the middle compartment 50 is provided with a first reinforcing member 51 extending longitudinally on the inner wall corresponding to the height direction. The cross-section of the first reinforcing member 51 is T-shaped, and the small end of the first reinforcing member 51 is connected to the inner wall of the middle compartment 50 corresponding to the height direction. The first reinforcing member 51 is positioned in a manner corresponding to the mid-longitudinal section 01.

[0035] Understandably, the inner walls of the middle compartment 50 in the height direction are the inner walls of the upper deck 11 and the inner walls of the lower bottom plate 12; The first reinforcing member 51 is a T-shaped profile, serving as a longitudinal reinforcing component. The T-shaped profile includes a face plate and a web plate. The web plate is disposed on the surface of the face plate, which provides a supporting surface, while the web plate is shear-resistant. The smaller end is the web plate end, and the larger end corresponding to the smaller end is the face plate. The web plate end of the T-shaped profile is welded to the inner wall of the upper deck 11 and the lower bottom plate 12, so that the face plate extends into the compartment. This places the first reinforcing member 51 within the mid-longitudinal section 01 of the hull, thereby enhancing the shear and bending resistance of the mid-compartment 50. At the same time, the first reinforcing member 51 also improves the overall rigidity of the box-shaped hull structure.

[0036] The first reinforcing member 51 provides the maximum longitudinal moment of inertia with minimal material, significantly enhancing the box-shaped structure's ability to resist total bending and shear deformation, making it easier for the cross-sectional moment of inertia to meet and exceed specification requirements.

[0037] In some embodiments, the hull 10 includes an upper deck 11, a lower bottom plate 12, a port side shell plate 13, and a starboard side shell plate 14. The upper deck 11 and the lower bottom plate 12 are spaced apart and opposite to each other along the height direction, and the port side shell plate 13 and the starboard side shell plate 14 are spaced apart and opposite to each other along the lateral direction. The two ends of the port side shell plate 13 along the height direction are respectively connected to the upper deck 11 and the lower bottom plate 12, and the two ends of the starboard side shell plate 14 along the height direction are respectively connected to the upper deck 11 and the lower bottom plate 12. The first reinforcing plate 20 is connected to the upper deck 11 and the lower bottom plate 12 at both ends along the height direction, and is enclosed with the port side shell plate 13 to form the port compartment 40; The second reinforcing plate 30 is connected to the upper deck 11 and the lower bottom plate 12 at both ends along the height direction, and is enclosed with the starboard side shell plate 14 to form the starboard compartment 60. The first reinforcing plate 20, the second reinforcing plate 30, the upper deck 11 and the lower bottom plate 12 located between the first reinforcing plate 20 and the second reinforcing plate 30 together form the middle compartment 50.

[0038] Understandably, the upper deck 11, lower bottom plate 12, port side shell plate 13 and starboard side shell plate 14 enclose and form a box-shaped hull structure 10. The upper deck 11 and lower bottom plate 12 mainly bear the tensile stress and compressive stress caused by the longitudinal bending. The port side shell plate 13 and the starboard side shell plate 14 are used to connect the upper deck 11 and the lower bottom plate 12. The port side shell plate 13 and the starboard side shell plate 14 mainly bear shear force and some bending stress.

[0039] The connection points of the port side shell plate 13 and the starboard side shell plate 14 with the upper deck 11 extend beyond the height of the upper deck 11 to prevent cracks from forming on the free edges of the side shell plates due to excessive stress during welding.

[0040] The port side shell plate 13 and the starboard side shell plate 14 are connected to the lower bottom plate 12 with a rounded structure, and the rounding radius can be R1000MM. Cargo coamings can also be installed longitudinally on the upper surface of the upper deck 11.

[0041] The edges and corners of the above-mentioned boards are connected to form a complete and closed primary box-shaped structure.

[0042] The left compartment 40 is enclosed by the port side shell plate 13, the first reinforcing plate 20, and the upper deck section 11 and the lower bottom plate section sandwiched between the two.

[0043] The right cabin 60 is symmetrical to the left cabin 40 and is enclosed by the starboard side shell plate 14, the second reinforcing plate 30, and the upper deck section 11 and the lower bottom plate section sandwiched between the two.

[0044] The middle compartment 50 is enclosed by a first reinforcing plate 20, a second reinforcing plate 30, and an upper deck section 11 and a lower bottom plate section located between them. This structure forms three sub-box structures within the primary box-shaped structure, resulting in higher torsional stiffness. Each sub-box structure can independently bear a portion of the load, with the first reinforcing plate 20 and the second reinforcing plate 30 serving as shared internal supports. According to design requirements, bulb flat steel 80 can be added to the first reinforcing plate 20 and the second reinforcing plate 30 to further strengthen the overall structure.

[0045] In some embodiments, the middle compartment 50 is also provided with an internal passageway 70, which extends longitudinally. The internal passageway 70 is arranged adjacent to the left compartment 40 or the right compartment 60, wherein the upper deck 11 and the first reinforcing plate 20 or the second reinforcing plate 30 form two adjacent side walls of the internal passageway 70.

[0046] Understandably, the internal passageway 70 is located within the mid-cabin 50 as a personnel passageway and is situated close to the first reinforcing plate 20 or the second reinforcing plate 30. The internal passageway 70 is a closed box-shaped space extending longitudinally, and a portion of the upper deck 11 forms the top plate of the internal passageway 70. A portion of the first reinforcing plate 20 or the second reinforcing plate 30 forms one side of the passageway perpendicular to the wall of the upper deck 11. Additionally, two more longitudinally extending plates form the other two walls of the internal passageway 70, enclosing and forming a box-shaped passageway structure. The internal passageway 70 is longitudinally continuous, which is equivalent to adding a longitudinal reinforcement structure within the mid-cabin 50, close to the first reinforcing plate 20 or the second reinforcing plate 30 and the upper deck 11, further improving the longitudinal stiffness and torsional stiffness of this local area and the entire hull.

[0047] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a plurality of bulb flat steels 80 extending longitudinally, and the plurality of bulb flat steels 80 being disposed at intervals on the periphery of the cabin 10, the first reinforcing plate 20, the second reinforcing plate 30, the first inner bottom plate 41, the second inner bottom plate 61, and the cabin passage 70.

[0048] Understandably, multiple bulb flats 80 are arranged longitudinally and spaced apart on the surfaces of the upper deck 11, lower bottom plate 12, left-hand side shell plate, starboard side shell plate 14, first reinforcing plate 20, second reinforcing plate 30, first inner bottom plate 41, second inner bottom plate 61, and the perimeter walls of the internal passageway 70. This longitudinal and spaced arrangement allows the bulb flats 80 to act as reinforcing ribs. Furthermore, adjusting the spacing saves material and improves support, preventing premature failure due to localized buckling when the plates are subjected to compressive and shear stresses. The spaced bulb flats 80 divide a single plate into a series of narrower and more stable strips, thereby increasing the plate's critical buckling stress.

[0049] In some embodiments, the middle compartment 50 is also provided with a passageway side plate 71 and a passageway bottom plate 72, which together with the deck and the first reinforcing plate 20 or the second reinforcing plate 30 enclose the compartment passageway 70. Multiple bulb flat steel bars 80 are spaced apart on the side of the passageway side plate 71 and the passageway bottom plate 72 away from the passageway 70 inside the cabin.

[0050] Understandably, the passageway side plate 71 and passageway bottom plate 72 are located inside the middle compartment 50 and both extend longitudinally, forming an internal passageway 70 with part of the upper deck 11 and part of the first reinforcing plate 20 or part of the second reinforcing plate 30.

[0051] The passageway side panel 71 is arranged parallel to the adjacent first reinforcing plate 20 or second reinforcing plate 30, and one end along the height direction is connected to the inner wall of the upper deck 11, thus forming the vertical wall panel on the other side of the cabin passageway 70. The bottom plate 72 is connected to the other end of the side plate 71 along the height direction at both ends along the transverse direction, and to the wall of the first reinforcing plate 20 or the second reinforcing plate 30, thus forming a closed rectangular tubular internal passage 70 extending along the longitudinal direction, i.e. the ship's length direction. The internal passage 70 has a capacity space and extends along the ship's length direction for staff passage.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the internal passageway 70 is located adjacent to the right compartment 60 and is formed by the upper deck 11, the second reinforcing plate 30, the passageway side plate 71, and the passageway bottom plate 72.

[0053] The bulb flat steel 80 is set on the outside of the channel side plate 71 and the channel bottom plate 72 to provide longitudinal reinforcement for the channel side plate 71 and the channel bottom plate 72, ensuring the reliability of the channel as an independent box structure.

[0054] In some embodiments, the upper deck 11, the lower bottom plate 12, the port side shell plate 13, and the starboard side shell plate 14 are provided with a plurality of bulb flat steel bars 80 spaced apart on the side facing the interior compartment. Multiple bulb flat steels 80 are provided at intervals along the height direction on the side of the first reinforcing plate 20 facing the left compartment 40 and the side of the second reinforcing plate 30 facing the right compartment 60. The first inner bottom plate 41 facing the left ballast tank area 43 and the second inner bottom plate 61 facing the right ballast tank area 63 are both provided with multiple longitudinally extending bulb flat steels 80 at transverse intervals. Among them, multiple bulb flat steels 80 are symmetrically arranged along the mid-longitudinal section 01.

[0055] In some embodiments, the upper deck 11 bulges upward at the position corresponding to the mid-longitudinal section 01.

[0056] Understandably, the bulge of the upper deck 11 is completely symmetrical about the mid-longitudinal section 01. The bulge forms a beam arch to prevent water accumulation on the deck and further improves the section modulus of the deck area.

[0057] Compared to a flat plate, the arched structure formed by the central bulge of the upper deck 11 has higher out-of-plane stiffness and load-bearing efficiency. Without increasing the thickness of the steel plate, the beam arch slightly increases the moment of inertia and section modulus of the upper deck 11.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, a 13,000 DWT deck transport ship with a box-shaped hull structure is constructed based on the above scheme. The box-shaped hull structure has a width of 26,000 mm and a height of 8,100 mm, with the side outer plating height being 8,000 mm. The upper deck 11 is 10 mm thick, and the bulb flat steel 80 is arranged downwards to ensure the flatness of the cargo area at the upper end of the deck.

[0059] A T-shaped structure is set in the middle of the upper deck 11 of the middle compartment 50, with a web plate of 400X10mm, a panel of 100X14mm, and HP240X10 bulb flat steel 80 at a distance of 700 on both sides.

[0060] The lower part of the first reinforcing plate 20 and the second reinforcing plate 30 is 10mm thick and has 3 200X9 HP ball flat steel bars 80 arranged along the height direction with a spacing of 650mm. The upper part is 9mm thick and has 7 180X9 HP ball flat steel bars 80. The thickness of the first inner bottom plate 41 and the second inner bottom plate 61 is 11mm. Twelve 200X9 HP bulb flat steel bars 80 are arranged horizontally with a spacing of 700mm and evenly distributed. The spacing of the two bulb flat steel bars 80 adjacent to the first reinforcing plate 20 and the second reinforcing plate 30 is adjusted to 550mm.

[0061] The lower end of the port side shell plate 13 and the starboard side shell plate 14 are 12mm thick and the upper end is 13mm thick. Nine bulb flat steel bars 80 are provided, of which the two bulb flat steel bars 80 at the lower end are 200X9 HP and the seven at the upper end are 180X9 HP. The bottom plate 12 of the left compartment 40 and right compartment 60 is 13mm thick, with 11 200X10 HP bulb flat steel bars 80 spaced laterally. The bottom plate 12 of the middle compartment 50 is 13mm thick, with a T-shaped structure in the middle, a web of 600X10mm, a face plate of 200X14mm, and HP200X9HP bulb flat steel bars 80 spaced 700mm apart on both sides.

[0062] Calculate the central axis position yi and cross-sectional area Ai of each cofferdam structure and each 80mm bulb flat steel, and calculate the neutral axis of the box hull structure cross section based on the formula;

[0063] Based on the above design dimensions, the calculation results show that the position of the neutral axis is in the middle of the height of the box-shaped hull structure, that is, 4000mm from the bottom plate.

[0064] Based on the principle of materials mechanics, the neutral axis of the box-shaped hull structure is located at the midpoint of its height. Under the same material utilization, this box-shaped hull structure is the structural form with the optimal bending moment resistance, reducing the weight of the cargo hold area structure of a 13,000 DWT deck carrier by approximately 8.7 tons. The second aspect of this disclosure proposes a design method for a box-shaped hull structure, applicable to the box-shaped hull structure proposed in the first aspect, comprising the following steps: The design constraints are determined, including that the moment of inertia of the cross section of the box hull structure must meet the minimum value required by the specification, and that the neutral axis of the cross section of the box hull structure must coincide with the geometric centerline in the height direction of the cross section of the hull structure. The initial structure of the box-shaped hull is constructed, including a hull 10 with an inner compartment. A first reinforcing plate 20 and a second reinforcing plate 30 are symmetrically arranged about the mid-longitudinal section 01 of the hull 10 within the inner compartment. The first and second reinforcing plates 20 and 30 extend longitudinally along the hull 10 and divide the inner compartment into a left compartment 40, a middle compartment 50, and a right compartment 60 arranged transversely. A first inner floor plate 41 is provided in the left compartment 40, dividing the left compartment 40 into an upper left open space. The compartment 42 and the lower left ballast compartment 43; a second inner bottom plate 61 mirror-symmetrical to the first inner bottom plate 41 is provided in the right compartment 60, dividing the right compartment 60 into an upper right empty compartment 62 and a lower right ballast compartment 63; at least one first reinforcing member 51 is provided longitudinally in the middle compartment 50; multiple bulb flat steels 80 are provided longitudinally on the corresponding wall panels of the compartment 10, the first reinforcing plate 20, the second reinforcing plate 30, the first inner bottom plate 41 and the second inner bottom plate 61. Based on design constraints, the thicknesses of the first reinforcing plate 20, the second reinforcing plate 30, the first inner bottom plate 41, the second inner bottom plate 61, the first reinforcing member 51, and the walls of the cabin 10 are adjusted in a coordinated manner, as well as the specifications and arrangement parameters of each bulb flat steel 80 and the first reinforcing member 51. Through iterative calculation, the initial structural model is made to simultaneously satisfy the cross-sectional moment of inertia constraint and the neutral axis position constraint. Output the final structural dimensions and layout scheme that meet the design constraints.

[0065] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0066] Although preferred embodiments have been described in this specification, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this specification.

[0067] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this specification without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, this specification is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A box-shaped hull structure, characterized in that, include: The cabin extends longitudinally and has an inner compartment; A first reinforcing plate is disposed inside the inner cabin and extends longitudinally, with its two ends along the height direction connected to the top wall and bottom wall of the inner cabin, respectively. The second reinforcing plate is disposed in the inner compartment and extends longitudinally. The second reinforcing plate is laterally spaced from the first reinforcing plate and is symmetrically arranged along the mid-longitudinal section of the compartment. The first reinforcing plate and the second reinforcing plate divide the inner cabin into a left cabin, a middle cabin and a right cabin arranged in a transverse order. The neutral axis of the cross-sectional structure of the cabin is located at the geometric centerline of the cross-sectional structure of the cabin in the height direction.

2. The box-shaped hull structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left compartment is provided with a first inner floor plate, which extends along the lateral and longitudinal directions of the left compartment to divide the left compartment into a left empty compartment area and a left ballast compartment area. The left empty compartment area is located on the upper surface of the first inner floor plate, and the left ballast compartment area is located on the lower surface of the first inner floor plate. The right compartment is provided with a second inner floor plate, which extends along the transverse and longitudinal directions of the right compartment to divide the right compartment into a right empty compartment area and a right ballast compartment area. The right empty compartment area is located on the upper surface of the second inner floor plate, and the right ballast compartment area is located on the lower surface of the second inner floor plate. The second inner bottom plate and the first inner bottom plate are arranged symmetrically along the longitudinal section.

3. The box-shaped hull structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle compartment has a first reinforcing member extending longitudinally on the inner wall corresponding to the height direction. The cross-section of the first reinforcing member is T-shaped, and the small end of the first reinforcing member is connected to the inner wall of the middle compartment corresponding to the height direction. The first reinforcing member is positioned corresponding to the mid-longitudinal section.

4. The box-shaped hull structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hull includes an upper deck, a lower bottom plate, a port side shell plate, and a starboard side shell plate. The upper deck and the lower bottom plate are spaced apart and opposite to each other along the height direction. The port side shell plate and the starboard side shell plate are spaced apart and opposite to each other along the lateral direction. The two ends of the port side shell plate along the height direction are connected to the upper deck and the lower bottom plate, respectively. The two ends of the starboard side shell plate along the height direction are connected to the upper deck and the lower bottom plate, respectively. The first reinforcing plate is connected to the upper deck and the lower bottom plate at both ends along the height direction, and together with the port side shell plate, it forms the port compartment; The second reinforcing plate is connected to the upper deck and the lower bottom plate at both ends along the height direction, and together with the starboard side shell plate, forms the starboard compartment; The first reinforcing plate, the second reinforcing plate, the upper deck located between the first reinforcing plate and the second reinforcing plate, together enclose the middle compartment.

5. The box-shaped hull structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The middle compartment is also equipped with an internal passageway, which extends longitudinally. The internal passage is located adjacent to the left or right compartment, wherein the upper deck and the first or second reinforcing plate form two side walls adjacent to the internal passage.

6. The box-shaped hull structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple bulb flat steel bars extend longitudinally and are respectively spaced apart on the periphery of the cabin body, the first reinforcing plate, the second reinforcing plate, the first inner bottom plate, the second inner bottom plate, and the cabin passage.

7. The box-shaped hull structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The middle cabin is also equipped with a passageway side panel and a passageway bottom panel, which together with the deck and the first reinforcing plate or the second reinforcing plate enclose the cabin passageway; Multiple bulb flat steel bars are spaced apart on the side of the passageway side plate and the passageway bottom plate opposite to the cabin passageway.

8. The box-shaped hull structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper deck, the lower bottom plate, the port side shell plate, and the starboard side shell plate are provided with a plurality of bulb flat steels spaced apart on the side facing the inner cabin; The first reinforcing plate facing the left compartment and the second reinforcing plate facing the right compartment are provided with multiple bulb flat steels spaced apart along the height direction; The first inner bottom plate facing the left ballast tank area and the second inner bottom plate facing the right ballast tank area are both provided with a plurality of bulb flat steels at transverse intervals. The plurality of the bulb flat steels are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal section.

9. The box-shaped hull structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper deck bulges upward at the position corresponding to the mid-longitudinal section.

10. A method for designing a box-shaped hull structure, characterized in that, Applicable to the box-shaped hull structure as described in any one of claims 1-9, the steps include: The design constraints are determined, including that the moment of inertia of the cross section of the box hull structure must meet the minimum value required by the specification, and that the neutral axis of the cross section of the box hull structure must coincide with the geometric centerline in the height direction of the cross section of the hull structure. The initial structure of the box-shaped hull is constructed, including a hull with an inner compartment. A first and second reinforcing plate are symmetrically arranged about the mid-longitudinal section of the hull within the inner compartment. The first and second reinforcing plates extend longitudinally along the hull and divide the inner compartment into a left compartment, a middle compartment, and a right compartment arranged transversely. A first inner bottom plate is provided in the left compartment, dividing it into an upper left empty compartment area and a lower left ballast compartment area. A second inner bottom plate, mirror-symmetrical to the first inner bottom plate, is provided in the right compartment, dividing it into an upper right empty compartment area and a lower right ballast compartment area. At least one first reinforcing member is provided longitudinally within the middle compartment. Multiple bulb flat steel bars are provided longitudinally on the corresponding wall plates of the hull, the first reinforcing plate, the second reinforcing plate, the first inner bottom plate, and the second inner bottom plate. Based on design constraints, the thicknesses of the first reinforcing plate, the second reinforcing plate, the first inner bottom plate, the second inner bottom plate, the first reinforcing member, and the walls of each panel of the cabin are adjusted in a coordinated manner, as well as the specifications and arrangement parameters of each bulb flat steel and the first reinforcing member. Through iterative calculation, the initial structural model is made to simultaneously satisfy the cross-sectional moment of inertia constraint and the neutral axis position constraint. Output the final structural dimensions and layout scheme that meet the design constraints.

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