Diesel oil rapid emulsifier and preparation method of emulsified diesel oil

Abstract

The invention discloses a diesel oil rapid emulsifier and a preparation method of emulsified diesel oil. The diesel oil rapid emulsifier comprises the following components: a surfactant, a co-emulsifier, a stabilizer, a function modifier and the balance of a solvent, wherein the mass ratio of the surfactant to the co-emulsifier is (2-5): 1; the mass ratio of the stabilizer to the functional modifier is (1-3): 1; the solvent is one or a combination of more of deionized water, methanol, ethanol or isopropanol. Compared with the prior art, the diesel oil rapid emulsifier and the preparation method of the emulsified diesel oil have the advantages that rapid emulsification and long-term stable storage are convenient, the combustion performance is remarkably improved, and emission is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel chemistry technology, specifically to a diesel rapid emulsifier and a method for preparing emulsified diesel. Background Technology

[0002] Diesel fuel is an important power fuel widely used in transportation, construction machinery, and generator sets. However, traditional direct combustion of diesel fuel has problems such as high emissions of nitrogen oxides and particulate matter, and incomplete combustion.

[0003] Diesel emulsification technology involves uniformly dispersing water in diesel fuel as tiny droplets to form a "water-in-oil" microemulsion. This microemulsion utilizes the "micro-explosion effect" to promote secondary atomization, thereby improving combustion efficiency and reducing pollutant emissions.

[0004] Existing diesel emulsification technologies are prone to stratification and demulsification during storage, especially affected by temperature changes or long-term static storage, which limits their commercial application. Moreover, they only serve an emulsification function and lack modification of diesel's antioxidant, lubricating, or combustion catalytic functions, thus failing to comprehensively improve fuel quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects and provide a diesel rapid emulsifier and a method for preparing emulsified diesel that can be conveniently and quickly emulsified and stored stably for a long time, significantly improve combustion performance and reduce emissions.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a diesel rapid emulsifier, comprising the following components: surfactant, co-emulsifier, stabilizer, functional modifier and the balance solvent;

[0007] The mass ratio of surfactant to co-emulsifier is 2~5:1;

[0008] The mass ratio of the stabilizer to the functional modifier is 1~3:1;

[0009] The solvent is one or a combination of deionized water, methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.

[0010] Preferably, the surfactant includes at least one of a nonionic surfactant, anionic surfactant, or amphoteric surfactant.

[0011] Preferably, the nonionic surfactant is selected from at least one of sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers.

[0012] Preferably, the co-emulsifier includes at least one of a monohydric alcohol, a dihydric alcohol, or a polyhydric alcohol.

[0013] Preferably, the co-emulsifier is at least one selected from n-propanol, n-butanol, isoamyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, or glycerol.

[0014] Preferably, the inorganic salts include sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium nitrate, or magnesium sulfate;

[0015] The water-soluble polymer includes polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, or polyacrylamide.

[0016] Preferably, the functional modifier includes nano-silica and antioxidants.

[0017] Preferably, the stabilizer includes at least one of inorganic salts, water-soluble polymers, or nano-inorganic particles.

[0018] A method for preparing emulsified diesel fuel using a diesel fuel fast emulsifier includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: Oil phase pretreatment, heating the diesel fuel and adding diesel fast emulsifier at 3%~8% of the total mass of diesel fuel;

[0020] S2: Aqueous phase treatment, which involves heating deionized water and adding it at a rate of 10% to 25% of the diesel fuel mass;

[0021] S3: Shear emulsification. Start the high-speed shear emulsifier and mix the modified oil phase of S1 with the deionized water obtained in S2 in the shear chamber.

[0022] S4: Continue shearing and emulsifying at a speed of 3000~6000 r / min for 10~20 minutes until the system forms a microemulsion with uniform particle size and a semi-transparent or milky white appearance;

[0023] S5: Emulsified diesel is obtained by standing and maturing at room temperature.

[0024] Preferably, in step S3, deionized water is slowly added dropwise to the modified oil phase at a constant flow rate for 8-15 minutes.

[0025] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0026] This invention significantly reduces interfacial tension by using surfactants and co-emulsifiers, and, combined with a shearing process, forms a stable microemulsion in a short time.

[0027] The nano-silica in the functional modifier has a catalytic combustion effect. Combined with the micro-explosion effect of emulsified water, it makes diesel combustion more complete, improves thermal efficiency, and significantly reduces NOx and soot emissions.

[0028] The preparation method of this invention does not require expensive equipment such as high-pressure homogenization, but only high-speed shearing. The raw materials are readily available and suitable for large-scale industrial production. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing emulsified diesel fuel. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Combined with appendix Figure 1 As shown, a diesel rapid emulsifier comprises the following components: a surfactant, a co-emulsifier, a stabilizer, a functional modifier, and the balance being a solvent; wherein the mass ratio of the surfactant to the co-emulsifier is 2-5:1; the mass ratio of the stabilizer to the functional modifier is 1-3:1; the solvent is one or a combination of deionized water, methanol, ethanol, or isopropanol; and the functional modifier includes nano-silica and an antioxidant.

[0032] In specific implementation of the present invention,

[0033] The surfactant includes at least one of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, or amphoteric surfactants, wherein the nonionic surfactant is selected from at least one of sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers.

[0034] The co-emulsifier includes at least one of monohydric alcohol, dihydric alcohol, or polyhydric alcohol, and the co-emulsifier is at least one of n-propanol, n-butanol, isoamyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, or glycerol.

[0035] The stabilizer includes at least one of inorganic salts, water-soluble polymers, or nano-inorganic particles, and the inorganic salts include sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium nitrate, or magnesium sulfate.

[0036] The water-soluble polymer includes polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, or polyacrylamide;

[0037] When using:

[0038] Includes the following steps:

[0039] S1: Oil phase pretreatment, heating the diesel fuel and adding diesel fast emulsifier at 3%~8% of the total mass of diesel fuel;

[0040] S2: Aqueous phase treatment, which involves heating deionized water and adding it at a rate of 10% to 25% of the diesel fuel mass;

[0041] S3: Shear emulsification. Start the high-speed shear emulsifier and mix the modified oil phase of S1 with the deionized water obtained in S2 in the shear chamber.

[0042] S4: Continue shearing and emulsifying at a speed of 3000~6000 r / min for 10~20 minutes until the system forms a microemulsion with uniform particle size and a semi-transparent or milky white appearance. In S3, deionized water is slowly added dropwise to the modified oil phase at a constant flow rate for 8~15 minutes.

[0043] S5: Emulsified diesel fuel obtained by standing and aging at room temperature.

[0044] In one embodiment:

[0045] Surfactant: Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 50% by mass;

[0046] Co-emulsifier: glycerol, 10% by mass; Surfactant: Co-emulsifier = 5:1;

[0047] Stabilizer: A mixture of magnesium chloride and polyvinyl alcohol, accounting for 15% by mass;

[0048] Functional modifier: nano silica, 15% by mass; stabilizer: functional modifier = 1:1;

[0049] Solvent: A mixture of deionized water and methanol, balance approximately 10%;

[0050] When using, take 1000g of diesel oil, heat it to 45℃, add 80g of emulsifier, mix well, and take 250g of deionized water, heat it to 45℃.

[0051] Start the high-speed shear emulsifier at 6000 r / min, and rapidly add hot water to the oil phase over 8 minutes. Maintain the shearing speed at 6000 r / min for 10 minutes to form a milky white microemulsion. Allow it to stand at room temperature to mature, and you will get emulsified diesel.

[0052] In one embodiment:

[0053] Surfactant: A mixture of sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, accounting for 40% by mass;

[0054] Co-emulsifier: n-Butanol, 10% by mass; Surfactant: Co-emulsifier = 4:1;

[0055] Stabilizer: Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 20% by mass;

[0056] Functional modifier: a mixture of 20nm nano-silica particles and antioxidant T501, accounting for 20% by mass; stabilizer: functional modifier = 1:1.

[0057] Solvent: Ethanol, balance approximately 10%;

[0058] S1: Take 1000g of diesel oil, heat it to 50℃, add 50g of the above emulsifier (5% of the diesel oil mass), stir and mix evenly to obtain the modified oil phase;

[0059] S2: Take 150g of deionized water, which accounts for 15% of the diesel fuel mass, and heat it to 50℃;

[0060] S3: Start the high-speed shear emulsifier, set the speed to 4000 r / min, pour the modified oil phase into the shear chamber, turn on the agitator, and slowly add hot water to the oil phase at a constant flow rate over 10 minutes.

[0061] S4: After the water droplets are added, continue shearing at 4000 r / min for 15 minutes until the system becomes a semi-transparent microemulsion.

[0062] S5: Stop shearing, let stand at room temperature for 24 hours to mature, and obtain the finished emulsified diesel.

[0063] Working principle: The diesel rapid emulsifier and preparation method provided by this invention, through the scientific proportioning of each component and process optimization, successfully prepared emulsified diesel with high stability, small particle size and excellent combustion performance.

[0064] Among them, the synergistic effect of surfactants and co-emulsifiers reduces interfacial tension, the combination of stabilizers and functional modifiers enhances the interfacial film strength and endows it with catalytic function, and the process of slow drop-addition of aqueous phase and high-speed shearing ensures the uniformity of microemulsion.

[0065] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0066] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0067] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diesel fuel rapid emulsifier, characterized in that: It includes the following components: surfactant, co-emulsifier, stabilizer, functional modifier and balance solvent; The mass ratio of surfactant to co-emulsifier is 2~5:1; The mass ratio of the stabilizer to the functional modifier is 1~3:1; The solvent is one or a combination of deionized water, methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.

2. The diesel fuel rapid emulsifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant includes at least one of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, or amphoteric surfactants.

3. The diesel fuel rapid emulsifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nonionic surfactant is selected from at least one of sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

4. The diesel fuel rapid emulsifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The co-emulsifier includes at least one of a monohydric alcohol, a dihydric alcohol, or a polyhydric alcohol.

5. A diesel fuel rapid emulsifier according to claim 4, characterized in that: The co-emulsifier is at least one of n-propanol, n-butanol, isoamyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, or glycerol.

6. A diesel fuel rapid emulsifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer includes at least one of inorganic salts, water-soluble polymers, or nano-inorganic particles.

7. A diesel fuel rapid emulsifier according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inorganic salts include sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium nitrate, or magnesium sulfate; The water-soluble polymer includes polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, or polyacrylamide.

8. A diesel fuel rapid emulsifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional modifiers include nano-silica and antioxidants.

9. A method for preparing emulsified diesel oil based on the diesel rapid emulsifier as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Oil phase pretreatment, heating the diesel fuel and adding diesel fast emulsifier at 3%~8% of the total mass of diesel fuel; S2: Aqueous phase treatment, which involves heating deionized water and adding it at a rate of 10% to 25% of the diesel fuel mass; S3: Shear emulsification. Start the high-speed shear emulsifier and mix the modified oil phase of S1 with the deionized water obtained in S2 in the shear chamber. S4: Continue shearing and emulsifying at a speed of 3000~6000 r / min for 10~20 minutes until the system forms a microemulsion with uniform particle size and a semi-transparent or milky white appearance; S5: Emulsified diesel is obtained by standing and maturing at room temperature.

10. The method for preparing emulsified diesel fuel using a rapid diesel emulsifier according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S3, deionized water is slowly added dropwise to the modified oil phase at a constant flow rate over a period of 8 to 15 minutes.

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