Anaerobic biogas preparation device based on kitchen garbage

Abstract

The invention discloses an anaerobic biogas preparation device based on kitchen garbage, and relates to the technical field of kitchen garbage treatment.The anaerobic biogas preparation device comprises a squeezing box, the upper end of the squeezing box is connected with a feeding mechanism capable of conducting crushing treatment on the kitchen garbage, and a separation mechanism used for conducting solid-liquid separation on the kitchen garbage is installed in the squeezing box; a liquid discharging mechanism capable of discharging grease liquid and non-grease liquid of the kitchen garbage filtrate in a split-flow manner is arranged below the separating mechanism; a conveying auger; the discharging end of the conveying auger is communicated with the interior of the pyrolyzing furnace through a connecting pipe; through cooperation of the squeezing box, the conveying auger and the pyrolyzing furnace, the high-grease liquid is separately shunted by utilizing the liquid discharging mechanism, and only the non-grease liquid is fed into the anaerobic reactor, so that inhibition of grease on methanogens is eliminated from the source, the pyrolysis condensate and the non-grease liquid are cooperatively fermented, the utilization rate of a reaction substrate is improved, and the biogas yield is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of kitchen waste treatment technology, specifically relating to an anaerobic biogas preparation device based on kitchen waste. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of residents' living standards, the amount of kitchen waste generated is increasing year by year. Its composition is complex, rich in carbohydrates, proteins, oils and water, and has extremely high resource recycling potential. At present, the main methods of resource-based treatment of kitchen waste include direct anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, landfill, incineration and feed production. Among them, anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas has become one of the mainstream technologies because it can realize the conversion of waste and energy. The corresponding devices mostly adopt single-stage or multi-stage anaerobic reactors, directly feeding the crushed kitchen waste into the reactor for fermentation.

[0003] However, since kitchen waste generally has a high oil content, when it enters the anaerobic reactor directly, the oil tends to float and accumulate inside the reactor, forming an oil film that covers the surface of the liquid, hindering the gas-liquid mass transfer process. At the same time, it will damage the cell membrane structure of anaerobic bacteria, inhibit the activity of methanogens, and lead to a significant decrease in biogas production. It may even cause reactor acidification and corrosion, affecting the service life of the reactor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anaerobic biogas preparation device based on kitchen waste, which can realize the differentiated resource utilization of kitchen waste, improve biogas yield and reactor service life, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An anaerobic biogas production device based on kitchen waste includes: a pressing box, the upper end of which is connected to a feeding mechanism capable of crushing kitchen waste; the inside of the pressing box is equipped with a separation mechanism for solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste; below the separation mechanism is a draining mechanism capable of separating and draining the kitchen waste filtrate into oily and non-oily liquids; and the other side of the pressing box is connected to a discharge pipe for discharging the pressed kitchen waste. A conveying auger is installed at an angle on one side of the pressing box via a support mechanism, and one end of the conveying auger is connected to the discharge pipe. The other end of the conveying auger is connected to the interior of the pressing box via a return pipe. The pyrolysis furnace has its discharge end connected to the interior via a connecting pipe. The pyrolysis furnace is used to uniformly pyrolyze the pressed waste. A pyrolysis gas collection pipe is connected to the upper end of the pyrolysis furnace, and a condenser is connected to one end of the pyrolysis gas collection pipe. The liquid outlet of the condenser is connected to an anaerobic reactor. The non-oil liquid discharged by the liquid discharge mechanism is transferred to the anaerobic reactor. A discharge auger for discharging the pyrolyzed biochar is installed at the lower end of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0006] Preferably, the separation mechanism includes a first filter screen installed at an angle inside the pressing box and a pressing mechanism located above the first filter screen for pressing kitchen waste, and the liquid drainage mechanism is located on one side of the pressing box below the first filter screen.

[0007] Preferably, the pressing mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder installed at the upper end of the pressing box and a pressing plate located above the first filter screen. The lower end of the pressing plate is provided with an inclined surface that matches the inclination of the first filter screen. The upper end of the pressing plate is connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the two sides of the upper end of the pressing plate are connected to the inner top of the pressing box through telescopic rods.

[0008] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper and a crushing box fixed below the feeding hopper and with open top and bottom ends. The upper end of the crushing box has a discharge hole for communicating with the crushing box.

[0009] Preferably, the drainage mechanism includes a drainage pipe for draining the bottom liquid and an oil draining pipe for draining the oily liquid floating on the surface of the bottom liquid. Both the drainage pipe and the oil draining pipe are equipped with flow valves, and the pressing box is provided with a flow guiding mechanism at the oil draining pipe, and a liquid level sensor is provided on one side of the flow guiding mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the flow guiding mechanism includes a triangular plate and baffles located on both sides of the triangular plate. The triangular plate is located 2-3 mm from the oil liquid separating the liquid in the pressing box, and the baffles are distributed in a figure-eight shape at the oil discharge pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of flushing pipes are obliquely arranged above the flow guiding mechanism, one end of each flushing pipe is equipped with a nozzle, the spray end of the nozzle facing the lower surface of the first filter screen, and the other end of the flushing pipe is connected to a water source via a water pump.

[0012] Preferably, the pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a detachable second filter screen that can be heated. The pyrolysis furnace is also equipped with a bulk material mixing mechanism that can be used to feed kitchen waste into the furnace and to agitate the kitchen waste on the second filter screen. Below the second filter screen, a discharge auger is installed for discharging the biochar after pyrolysis. A solid discharge pipe connected to the discharge auger is provided on one side of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0013] Preferably, the bulk material mixing mechanism includes a rotating rod rotatably mounted on the top of the pyrolysis furnace, with an umbrella-shaped plate fixed to the lower end of the rotating rod. One side of the umbrella-shaped plate is located at the outlet of the connecting pipe. A second motor is installed at the upper end of the rotating rod, passing through the upper end of the pyrolysis furnace. A connecting rod is fixed to the center of the lower surface of the umbrella-shaped plate, and a stirring rod is fixed to the lower end of the connecting rod. The stirring rod is located above the second filter screen.

[0014] Preferably, the discharge auger includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the side wall of the pyrolysis furnace. A third motor is installed at one end of the rotating shaft. A spiral blade is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft inside the pyrolysis furnace. A semi-circular bottom groove is sleeved on the outside of the spiral blade. Guide plates are inclinedly arranged on both sides of the bottom groove. The upper end of the guide plate contacts the lower surface of the second filter screen. One end of the solid discharge pipe is connected to one end of the bottom groove, and the other end of the rotating shaft extends into the solid discharge pipe.

[0015] The anaerobic biogas production device based on kitchen waste proposed in this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. This invention utilizes the combination of a pressing box, a conveying auger, and a pyrolysis furnace to separately divert high-oil liquids through a drainage mechanism, sending only non-oil liquids into the anaerobic reactor. This eliminates the inhibition of methanogenic bacteria by oils at the source. The pyrolysis condensate and non-oil liquids undergo co-fermentation, improving the utilization rate of the reaction substrate and further increasing biogas production. At the same time, it avoids reactor acidification caused by oils, significantly extending the service life of the equipment. 2. The present invention connects the pressing box and the conveying auger through the return pipe, so that kitchen waste is dehydrated by both the pressing mechanism and the conveying auger, which greatly reduces the moisture content of solid waste, provides a dry substrate for pyrolysis, and improves the pyrolysis efficiency; 3. The present invention, through the setting of the feeding mechanism, crushes large pieces of kitchen waste into fine particles, which can reduce the difficulty of subsequent pressing and pyrolysis and improve the material reaction efficiency. 4. By combining the bulk material mixing mechanism with the second filter screen, the present invention can use centrifugal force to evenly distribute the falling garbage in all directions of the second filter screen, while the stirring rod continuously agitates the garbage on the filter screen to avoid local accumulation and ensure uniform pyrolysis. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the pressing box structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the installation structure of the flow guiding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a pyrolysis furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of a pyrolysis furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a pyrolysis furnace without a second filter screen is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a second filter structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a discharge hinge structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; In the diagram: 1. Pressing box; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Crushing box; 31. Box body; 32. Crushing roller; 33. Connecting shaft; 34. Discharge hole; 4. Pressing mechanism; 41. Hydraulic cylinder; 42. Telescopic rod; 43. Pressing plate; 5. Conveying auger; 6. Discharge pipe; 7. Support mechanism; 71. Base plate; 72. Support plate; 8. Pyrolysis furnace; 9. Pyrolysis gas collection pipe; 10. Bulk material mixing mechanism; 101. Second motor; 102. Rotating rod; 103. Umbrella disc; 104. Connecting rod; 105. Stirring rod; 11. Baffle; 12. Solid discharge pipe; 13. Oil discharge pipe; 14. 15. Drain pipe; 16. Flushing pipe; 17. Return pipe; 18. First filter screen; 19. Flow guiding mechanism; 10. Triangular plate; 10. Stop block; 11. Liquid level sensor; 22. Connecting pipe; 23. Hot air transmission pipe; 24. Second filter screen; 25. Orifice frame; 26. Vertical bar; 27. Horizontal bar; 28. Slot; 29. ​​Embedded groove; 20. Discharge auger; 20. Bottom trough; 20. Guide plate; 20. Rotating shaft; 21. Third motor; 22. Spiral blade; 23. Alternating groove; 24. Sealing ring; 25. Opening; 26. Nozzle; 27. Sealing door. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] This invention provides, for example Figure 1-9An anaerobic biogas preparation device based on kitchen waste is shown, including a pressing box 1, a conveying auger 5, and a pyrolysis furnace 8. The upper end of the pressing box 1 is connected to a feeding mechanism capable of crushing and processing kitchen waste. The inside of the pressing box 1 is equipped with a separation mechanism for solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste. Below the separation mechanism is a draining mechanism capable of separating and draining the kitchen waste filtrate into oily and non-oily liquids. The other side of the pressing box 1 is connected to a discharge pipe 6 for discharging the pressed kitchen waste. Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper 2 and a crushing box 3 fixed below the feeding hopper 2 and with open openings at both the top and bottom. The upper end of the pressing box 1 is provided with a discharge hole 34 for communicating with the crushing box 3. The feeding hopper 2 collects kitchen waste, and the crushing box 3 further crushes the kitchen waste before it enters the pressing box 1, which facilitates the subsequent pyrolysis of the kitchen waste. like Figure 2 As shown, the crushing box 3 includes a box body 31 and a crushing roller 32 located inside the box body 31. The two ends of the crushing roller 32 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the box body 31 through connecting shafts 33. The end of the connecting shaft 33 at one end of the crushing roller 32 is driven by a first motor. There are two crushing rollers 32, which are connected by a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes transmission gears located on the connecting shafts 33 at one end of the two crushing rollers 32, and the two transmission gears mesh. The first motor drives the crushing roller 32 to rotate, so that the kitchen waste entering the box body 31 passes between the two crushing rollers 32 for further crushing. The crushed kitchen waste enters the pressing box 1. The separation mechanism includes a first filter screen 17 installed at an angle inside the pressing box 1 and a pressing mechanism 4 located above the first filter screen 17 for pressing kitchen waste. The liquid drainage mechanism is located on one side of the pressing box 1 below the first filter screen 17. The first filter screen 17 is welded to the inner wall of the pressing box 1 around its four sides, and the angle between the first filter screen 17 and the bottom wall of the pressing box 1 is 30-45°. The feed pipe 6 is located on the upper surface of one end of the first filter screen 17, the pressing mechanism 4 is located above the feed pipe 6, and the liquid discharge mechanism is located at the other end of the first filter screen 17. The inclined first filter screen 17 facilitates the filtering of kitchen waste entering the pressing box 1 and guides it to be tilted and transported to the bottom of the pressing mechanism 4. The pressing mechanism 4 includes a hydraulic cylinder 41 installed on the upper end of the pressing box 1 and a pressing plate 43 located above the first filter screen 17. The lower end of the pressing plate 43 is provided with an inclined surface that matches the inclination of the first filter screen 17. The upper end of the pressing plate 43 is connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 41, and the two sides of the upper end of the pressing plate 43 are connected to the inner top of the pressing box 1 through telescopic rods 42. The telescopic rods 42 are used to increase the connection force between the pressing plate 43 and the pressing box 1, so that the hydraulic cylinder 41 can stably drive the pressing plate 43 to move. The relative squeezing force between the pressing plate 43 and the first filter screen 17 is used to press the kitchen waste and further remove the moisture from the kitchen waste. The drainage mechanism includes a drainage pipe 14 for draining the bottom liquid and an oil drain pipe 13 for draining the floating oil liquid on the surface of the bottom liquid. Both the drainage pipe 14 and the oil drain pipe 13 are equipped with flow valves. The pressing box 1 is provided with a flow guiding mechanism 18 at the oil drain pipe 13. A liquid level sensor 19 is provided on one side of the flow guiding mechanism 18. The liquid level sensor 19 monitors the position of the bottom liquid in the pressing box 1 in real time. The liquid level sensor 19 is connected to the control system of the biogas preparation equipment. The control system controls the drainage flow rate of the drainage pipe 14 and the oil drain pipe 13, thereby accurately controlling the liquid level in the pressing box 1. Since the pressed liquid contains oil, the oil floats on the surface of the liquid. The guide mechanism 18 is located 2-3 mm below the oil in the liquid level, which facilitates the discharge of the oil-containing liquid through the guide mechanism 18. The lower surface of the drain pipe 14 is flush with the inner bottom of the pressing box 1, which facilitates the discharge of the liquid with less oil content from the deeper layers of the liquid, thereby achieving the effect of stratified discharge. The flow guiding mechanism 18 includes a triangular plate 181 and baffles 182 located on both sides of the triangular plate 181. The triangular plate 181 is located 2-3 mm from the oil liquid in the pressing box 1. The baffles 182 are distributed in a figure-eight shape at the oil discharge pipe 13. The flow guiding mechanism 18 facilitates the diversion of liquid with a large amount of oil to the oil discharge pipe 13 and discharges it through the oil discharge pipe 13. Multiple flushing pipes 15 are obliquely arranged above the flow guiding mechanism 18. One end of each flushing pipe 15 is equipped with a nozzle 28, with the spraying end of the nozzle 28 facing the lower surface of the first filter screen. The other end of the flushing pipe 15 is connected to a water source via a water pump. The water source is a water tank storing hot water at 60-80℃. A drain pipe is arranged on one side of the drain pipe 14. Solenoid valves are installed on the drain pipe and the flushing pipe 15. When the equipment is in use, the water pump is started by opening the solenoid valve on the flushing pipe 15. The water pump sprays the hot water in the water tank from below the first filter screen through the nozzle 28 onto the surface of the first filter screen to backwash the first filter screen, making it easier to clean the dirt remaining on the first filter screen. The flushed liquid is then discharged through the drain pipe for centralized treatment. The conveying auger 5 is installed at an angle on one side of the pressing box 1 via the support mechanism 7, and one end of the conveying auger 5 is connected to the discharge pipe 6. One end of the conveying auger 5 is connected to the inside of the pressing box 1 via the return pipe 16. Due to the inclined setting of the conveying auger 5, while conveying the pressed kitchen waste, the water in the waste flows back to the lower end using the inclination of the conveying auger 5, and then returns to the inside of the pressing box 1 via the return pipe 16 to further separate the water in the waste. The support mechanism 7 includes a base plate 71 and support plates 72 fixed at both ends of the base plate 71. The support plates 72 on both sides have different heights. The upper ends of the support plates 72 are fixed to the lower surface of the conveying auger 5 respectively. The base plate 71 and the support plates 72 provide support for the conveying auger 5 and protect the stability of the installation of the conveying auger 5. The discharge end of the conveying auger 5 is connected to the interior of the pyrolysis furnace 8 via a connecting pipe 20. The pyrolysis furnace 8 is used to uniformly pyrolyze the pressed waste. The upper end of the pyrolysis furnace 8 is connected to a pyrolysis gas collection pipe 9. One end of the pyrolysis gas collection pipe 9 is connected to a condenser. The liquid outlet end of the condenser is connected to an anaerobic reactor (not shown in the figure). One end of the drain pipe 14 is connected to the anaerobic reactor, which transmits the non-oil liquid discharged by the draining mechanism to the anaerobic reactor, so as to realize the co-fermentation of the pressed aqueous phase and the acidic aqueous phase after pyrolysis, thereby improving the biogas yield. The anaerobic reactor used is a commercially available reactor, and its structure has not been modified, so it will not be described in detail here. The furnace body of pyrolysis furnace 8 adopts a double-layer jacket structure. Heat transfer oil is circulated inside the jacket, and electric heating wires are installed inside the jacket. A temperature control sensor is installed inside pyrolysis furnace 8 to monitor the temperature inside the furnace in real time. The temperature inside pyrolysis furnace 8 is controlled at 450-550℃ by the control system, which facilitates the full pyrolysis of the waste inside pyrolysis furnace 8. The pyrolysis furnace 8 is equipped with a detachable second filter screen 22 that can be heated. The pyrolysis furnace 8 is also equipped with a bulk material mixing mechanism 10 that can mix the food waste on the second filter screen 22 while feeding it in bulk. Below the second filter screen 22, a discharge auger 25 is installed for discharging the biochar after pyrolysis. A solid discharge pipe 12 connected to the discharge auger 25 is provided on one side of the pyrolysis furnace 8. The waste entering the pyrolysis furnace 8 is placed on the second filter screen. The second filter screen is used to further increase the heating temperature of the waste, so that the waste on the second filter screen 22 can be completely pyrolyzed to produce biochar. The discharge auger 25 is set to facilitate the directional transport of the pyrolyzed biochar.

[0019] A baffle 11 is fixed to one end of the second filter screen 22, and a sealing ring 26 is sleeved at the connection between the second filter screen 22 and the baffle 11. The interior of the pyrolysis furnace 8 is provided with a slot 23 for inserting the second filter screen 22. One end of the slot 23 is provided with a groove 24 for installing the baffle 11. The baffle 11 is fixed to the outer wall of the pyrolysis furnace 8 by bolts. With the use of the sealing ring 26 and bolts, the second filter screen 22 can be detachably and sealed in the pyrolysis furnace 8 for installation, replacement and cleaning according to actual use needs. An opening 27 is provided on one side of the pyrolysis furnace 8. A sealing door 29 with a T-shaped cross-section is plugged into the opening 27. The two ends of the sealing door 29 are fixed to the outer wall of the pyrolysis furnace 8 by fixing bolts. The sealing door 29 is located above the second filter screen 22. With the setting of the sealing door 29, when there is residual waste that is difficult to pyrolyze on the second filter screen 22, the residual waste on the second filter screen 22 can be cleaned and discharged by disassembling the sealing door 29, thereby improving the convenience of maintenance of the pyrolysis furnace 8. The second filter screen 22 includes a metal orifice frame 221. Inside the orifice frame 221 is a mesh sheet assembled from multiple horizontal bars 223 and vertical bars 222 to form a grid structure. Each of the multiple horizontal bars 223 and vertical bars 222 is embedded with a heat-conducting wire. The ends of the heat-conducting wires are connected to the inner wall of the orifice frame 221. The heat-conducting wires and the metal orifice frame 221 are used to conduct the furnace temperature of the pyrolysis furnace 8 to the mesh sheet, which further provides heat to the waste and improves the waste pyrolysis efficiency. The bulk material mixing mechanism 10 includes a rotating rod 102 rotatably mounted on the top of the pyrolysis furnace 8. A parasol plate 103 is fixed to the lower end of the rotating rod 102. One side of the parasol plate 103 is located at the outlet of the connecting pipe 20. A second motor 101 is installed at the upper end of the rotating rod 102, which passes through the upper end of the pyrolysis furnace 8. A connecting rod 104 is fixed to the center of the lower surface of the parasol plate 103. A stirring rod 105 is fixed to the lower end of the connecting rod 104. The stirring rod 105 is located above the second filter screen 22. The second motor 101 drives the rotating rod 102 to rotate, which in turn drives the connecting rod 104 and the parasol plate 103 to rotate. The waste falling onto the parasol plate 103 is scattered in different directions on the second filter screen 22 by its rotational force. At the same time, the stirring rod 105 on the connecting rod 104 stirs and mixes the waste on the second filter screen 22, which facilitates the even distribution of waste in different positions on the second filter screen 22 and improves the waste pyrolysis efficiency. The discharge auger 25 includes a rotating shaft 253 rotatably mounted on the side wall of the pyrolysis furnace 8. A third motor 254 is installed at one end of the rotating shaft 253. A spiral blade 255 is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 253 located inside the pyrolysis furnace 8. A semi-circular bottom groove 251 is sleeved on the outside of the spiral blade 255. Guide plates 252 are inclinedly arranged on both sides of the bottom groove 251. The upper end of the guide plate 252 contacts the lower surface of the second filter screen 22. One end of the solid discharge pipe 12 is connected to one end of the bottom groove 251, and the other end of the rotating shaft 253 extends into the solid discharge pipe 12. The rotating shaft 253 is driven to rotate by the third motor 254. Biochar passes through the second filter screen 22 and is guided into the bottom groove 251 by the guide plate 252. The rotating spiral blade 255 drives the biomass spiral to be transported into the solid discharge pipe 12, which facilitates the discharge of biomass.

[0020] The inner wall of the bottom groove 251 is provided with a relief groove 256 for limiting the spiral blade 255. Multiple balls are arranged side by side in the relief groove 256. The side wall of the spiral blade 255 is in contact with the surface of the balls. The bottom groove 251 provides support for the spiral blade 255. When the spiral blade 255 rotates, the balls reduce the friction between the spiral blade 255 and the bottom groove 251, thus providing stability for the rotation of the spiral blade 255.

[0021] The upper end of the pyrolysis furnace 8 is connected to a hot gas transmission pipe 21. Each hot gas transmission pipe 21 is equipped with a control valve. Multiple hot gas transmission pipes 21 can be installed. The hot gas generated by pyrolysis can be recovered from waste heat and further extracted through the hot gas transmission pipe 21. During operation, kitchen waste falls into the crushing box 3 below through the feed hopper 2. The two crushing rollers 32 inside the crushing box 3 are connected to the first motor through the connecting shaft 33, and achieve synchronous reverse rotation through meshing transmission gears, crushing large pieces of kitchen waste into fine particles, which can reduce the difficulty of subsequent pressing and pyrolysis and improve the material reaction efficiency. The crushed waste enters the pressing box 1 and falls onto the inclined first filter screen 17, achieving preliminary filtration and guidance. The hydraulic cylinder 41 at the top of the pressing box 1 drives the pressing plate 43 to press downwards, and with the stable support of the telescopic rod 42, the water in the waste is fully squeezed out, completing the solid-liquid separation. The separated liquid forms layers at the bottom of the pressing box 1 and is diverted through the liquid discharge mechanism. That is, the liquid level sensor 19 monitors the liquid level in real time, and the oil discharge pipe 13 discharges the high-oil liquid through the flow guide mechanism 18; the low-oil non-oil liquid is discharged through the liquid discharge pipe 14, and the discharge volume of both is precisely controlled by the flow valve. After pressing, the solid waste slides along the inclined first filter screen 17 into the feed pipe 6 and enters the inclined conveying auger 5. While conveying the solid waste, the conveying auger 5 uses its own inclination angle to make the residual water in the waste flow back to the lower end, and then return to the pressing box 1 through the return pipe 16 to achieve secondary dehydration, further reducing the moisture content of the solid waste and providing favorable conditions for subsequent pyrolysis. The discharge end of the conveying auger 5 sends the dehydrated solid waste into the pyrolysis furnace 8 through the connecting pipe 20. The waste falls onto the second filter screen 22 inside the furnace. The heat-conducting wire and the jacket heat work together to improve the local heating efficiency of the waste and ensure complete pyrolysis. The second motor 101 drives the rotating rod 102 to drive the umbrella plate 103 and the stirring rod 105 to rotate. The umbrella plate 103 uses centrifugal force to evenly sprinkle the falling waste in all directions of the second filter screen 22. The stirring rod 105 continuously stirs the waste on the filter screen to avoid local accumulation and ensure the uniformity of pyrolysis. The pyrolysis gas produced by pyrolysis enters the condenser through the pyrolysis gas collection pipe 9. The condensed acidic aqueous phase and the non-oil liquid discharged by the liquid discharge mechanism are transported to the anaerobic reactor to achieve co-fermentation of the pressing aqueous phase and the pyrolysis condensate, and finally generate biogas. After pyrolysis, the biochar passes through the second filter screen 22 and falls into the discharge auger 25 below. The third motor 254 drives the rotating shaft 253 to drive the spiral blades 255, which directionally transport the biochar to the solid discharge pipe 12 in the semi-arc bottom groove 251 for discharge. Through the above core processes of pretreatment, separation treatment and synergistic conversion, the resource utilization of kitchen waste is realized.

[0022] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anaerobic biogas production device based on kitchen waste, characterized in that: include: The upper end of the pressing box (1) is connected to a feeding mechanism that can crush and process kitchen waste. The inside of the pressing box (1) is equipped with a separation mechanism for solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste. Below the separation mechanism is a draining mechanism that can separate the filtrate of kitchen waste into oily liquid and non-oily liquid. The other side of the pressing box (1) is connected to a discharge pipe (6) for discharging the pressed kitchen waste. A conveying auger (5) is installed at an angle on one side of the pressing box (1) by a support mechanism (7), and one end of the conveying auger (5) is connected to the discharge pipe (6). One end of the conveying auger (5) is connected to the inside of the pressing box (1) through a return pipe (16). The pyrolysis furnace (8) has its discharge end of the conveying auger (5) connected to the interior of the pyrolysis furnace (8) via a connecting pipe (20). The pyrolysis furnace (8) is used to uniformly pyrolyze the pressed waste. The upper end of the pyrolysis furnace (8) is connected to a pyrolysis gas collection pipe (9). One end of the pyrolysis gas collection pipe (9) is connected to a condenser. The liquid outlet of the condenser is connected to an anaerobic reactor. The non-oil liquid discharged by the liquid discharge mechanism is transferred to the anaerobic reactor. The lower end of the pyrolysis furnace (8) is equipped with a discharge auger (25) for discharging the pyrolyzed biochar.

2. The anaerobic biogas production device based on kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation mechanism includes a first filter screen (17) installed at an angle inside the pressing box (1) and a pressing mechanism (4) located above the first filter screen (17) for pressing kitchen waste. The drainage mechanism is located on one side of the pressing box (1) below the first filter screen (17).

3. The anaerobic biogas production device based on kitchen waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism (4) includes a hydraulic cylinder (41) installed on the upper end of the pressing box (1) and a pressing plate (43) located above the first filter screen (17). The lower end of the pressing plate (43) is provided with an inclined surface that matches the inclination of the first filter screen (17). The upper end of the pressing plate (43) is connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (41), and the two sides of the upper end of the pressing plate (43) are connected to the inner top of the pressing box (1) through telescopic rods (42).

4. The anaerobic biogas production device based on kitchen waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper (2) and a crushing box (3) fixed below the feeding hopper (2) and with open openings at both the top and bottom. The upper end of the pressing box (1) is provided with a discharge hole (34) for communicating with the crushing box (3).

5. The anaerobic biogas production device based on kitchen waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The draining mechanism includes a drain pipe (14) for draining the bottom liquid and an oil drain pipe (13) for draining the oily liquid floating on the surface of the bottom liquid. Both the drain pipe (14) and the oil drain pipe (13) are equipped with flow valves. The pressing box (1) is provided with a flow guiding mechanism (18) at the oil drain pipe (13), and a liquid level sensor (19) is provided on one side of the flow guiding mechanism (18).

6. The anaerobic biogas production device based on kitchen waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow guiding mechanism (18) includes a triangular plate (181) and baffles (182) located on both sides of the triangular plate (181). The triangular plate (181) is located 2-3 mm from the oil liquid separating the liquid in the pressing box (1). The baffles (182) are distributed in a figure-eight shape at the oil drain pipe (13).

7. The anaerobic biogas production device based on kitchen waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: Multiple flushing pipes (15) are obliquely arranged above the flow guiding mechanism (18). One end of the flushing pipe (15) is equipped with a nozzle (28), and the spraying end of the nozzle (28) faces the lower surface of the first filter screen. The other end of the flushing pipe (15) is connected to the water source through a water pump.

8. The anaerobic biogas production device based on kitchen waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pyrolysis furnace (8) is detachably equipped with a second filter screen (22) that can be heated. The pyrolysis furnace (8) is equipped with a bulk material mixing mechanism (10) for feeding kitchen waste and stirring the kitchen waste on the second filter screen (22). A discharge auger (25) for discharging pyrolyzed biochar is installed below the second filter screen (22). A solid discharge pipe (12) connected to the discharge auger (25) is provided on one side of the pyrolysis furnace (8).

9. The anaerobic biogas production device based on kitchen waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bulk material mixing mechanism (10) includes a rotating rod (102) rotatably installed on the top of the pyrolysis furnace (8). The lower end of the rotating rod (102) is fixed with an umbrella plate (103). One side of the umbrella plate (103) is located at the outlet of the connecting pipe (20). The upper end of the rotating rod (102) passes through the upper end of the pyrolysis furnace (8) and is equipped with a second motor (101). A connecting rod (104) is fixed at the center of the lower surface of the umbrella plate (103). A stirring rod (105) is fixed at the lower end of the connecting rod (104). The stirring rod (105) is located above the second filter screen (22).

10. An anaerobic biogas production device based on kitchen waste according to claim 9, characterized in that: The discharge auger (25) includes a rotating shaft (253) rotatably mounted on the side wall of the pyrolysis furnace (8). A third motor (254) is installed at one end of the rotating shaft (253). A spiral blade (255) is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (253) located in the pyrolysis furnace (8). A semi-arc bottom groove (251) is sleeved on the outside of the spiral blade (255). Guide plates (252) are inclined on both sides of the bottom groove (251). The upper end of the guide plate (252) is in contact with the lower surface of the second filter screen (22). One end of the solid discharge pipe (12) is connected to one end of the bottom groove (251), and the other end of the rotating shaft (253) extends into the solid discharge pipe (12).

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