Dispersion treatment device and method for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers

Abstract

The invention discloses a dispersing treatment device and method for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers in the technical field of garment production equipment. The device comprises a rack and a dispersing treatment barrel fixedly arranged at the top of the rack, and at least two dispersing cavities are sequentially formed in the dispersing treatment barrel in the fiber bundle conveying direction; the device further comprises a center functional shaft, the center functional shaft is coaxially arranged in the center of the dispersing treatment barrel and extends into the dispersing cavities, and an annular channel allowing fiber bundles to pass through is defined between the center functional shaft and the dispersing treatment barrel. The positions, corresponding to the dispersing cavities, of the outer side wall of the dispersing treatment barrel are sleeved with outer airflow assemblies correspondingly, and the positions, corresponding to the dispersing cavities, of the interior of the center functional shaft are embedded with inner airflow assemblies correspondingly. The device is sufficient in dispersion, does not damage filaments, adopts non-contact internal and external bidirectional airflow dispersion, breaks through the limitation of single airflow, and can penetrate into a fiber bundle core layer to realize all-dimensional three-dimensional unwrapping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of garment production equipment technology, specifically to a dispersion treatment device and method for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, high-end down jacket production extensively utilizes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber to prepare down-proof fabrics, high-strength and wear-resistant outer layers, and lightweight and warm accessories.

[0003] When ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers leave the factory, they are tightly bound continuous filament bundles with severe internal filament adhesion and entanglement. Direct weaving, spinning, or sewing can easily lead to problems such as uneven fabric, strength loss, easy pilling, and poor down-proof performance. Therefore, it is necessary to process and disperse them. This requires fully loosening the filaments inside the bundle to eliminate adhesion and entanglement, while strictly ensuring zero damage to the filaments. After processing, the overall bundle must still be kept in a bundled shape so that it can be smoothly loaded onto the yarn rack, onto the loom, and into the automated production line.

[0004] However, existing dispersion processing devices are mostly single airflow dispersion or mechanical combing. The airflow action is singular and often can only act on the surface of the fiber bundle, making it difficult to penetrate the core layer of the fiber bundle, resulting in poor dispersion uniformity. Mechanical combing is prone to damaging the fibers and destroying the properties of the fiber itself.

[0005] To address these issues, a dispersion treatment apparatus and method for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers are provided. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dispersion treatment device and method for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, which solves the problem that existing dispersion devices mostly rely on traditional mechanical opening methods, which are prone to causing scratches on the fiber surface or even single filament breakage during strong peeling.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A dispersion treatment device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber includes a frame and a dispersion treatment cylinder fixed on the top of the frame. At least two dispersion chambers are arranged sequentially in the dispersion treatment cylinder along the fiber bundle conveying direction. It also includes a central functional shaft, which is coaxially located at the center of the dispersion processing cylinder and extends into each dispersion chamber. The central functional shaft and the dispersion processing cylinder enclose an annular channel for the fiber bundle to pass through. The outer wall of the dispersion processing cylinder is fitted with an external airflow assembly corresponding to the position of each dispersion cavity, and the inner airflow assembly is embedded in the interior of the central functional shaft corresponding to the position of each dispersion cavity. The external airflow assembly and the internal airflow assembly are used to inject airflow into the annular channel to perform bidirectional dispersion treatment of the fiber bundle.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, the two ends of the dispersion processing cylinder are respectively provided with a feed port and a discharge port, and the outer side wall of the dispersion processing cylinder is provided with a waste gas discharge port at the downstream end position of each dispersion chamber along the fiber conveying direction; the dispersion processing cylinder is provided with an enlarged diameter section at the position corresponding to each dispersion chamber; the dispersion processing cylinder is axially divided into an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder, and one side edge of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are hinged to each other, and the other side edge is fastened to each other.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, both ends of the central functional shaft are integrally formed with tapered portions; the central functional shaft is suspended and supported inside the dispersion processing cylinder by a support frame, the support frame including a plurality of support plates evenly distributed along the circumference, one end of the support plate being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dispersion processing cylinder, and the other end being fixedly provided with a rubber block that abuts against the outer wall of the central functional shaft.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the external airflow assembly includes at least one first annular pipe and a plurality of first nozzles uniformly arranged circumferentially on each first annular pipe. The nozzles of each first nozzle face the annular channel and are inclined at a set angle so that the airflow obliquely impacts the fiber bundle. The internal airflow assembly includes at least one second annular pipe and a plurality of second nozzles uniformly arranged circumferentially on each second annular pipe. The nozzles of each second nozzle face the annular channel and are inclined at a set angle so that the airflow obliquely impacts the fiber bundle.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the airflow directions of the outer airflow component and the inner airflow component corresponding to the same dispersion cavity are opposite; the outer airflow component and the inner airflow component corresponding to the same dispersion cavity are activated alternately at intervals to form a pulsed airflow impact in the annular channel.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, the airflow generated by the external airflow components corresponding to two adjacent dispersion chambers has opposite directions; the external airflow components corresponding to two adjacent dispersion chambers are activated alternately at intervals to form a pulsed airflow impact in the axial direction.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, it also includes a first gas supply component for supplying gas to the external airflow components. The first gas supply component includes multiple first gas supply pipes that are connected one-to-one with each external airflow component. Each first gas supply pipe is equipped with a first solenoid valve connected in series. The other end of each first gas supply pipe is connected to a first gas supply main pipe. It also includes a second gas supply component for supplying gas to the internal airflow components. The second gas supply component includes multiple second gas supply pipes that are connected one-to-one with each internal airflow component. Each second gas supply pipe is equipped with a second solenoid valve connected in series. The other end of each second gas supply pipe is connected to a second gas supply main pipe.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, it also includes an ultrasonic component for driving the central functional shaft to generate high-frequency vibration. The ultrasonic component is disposed outside the dispersion processing cylinder. The ultrasonic component includes an ultrasonic transducer fixedly disposed on the top of the frame, an amplitude transformer fixedly disposed on the output end of the ultrasonic transducer, and a vibration transmission rod fixedly connected to the end of the amplitude transformer. The vibration transmission rod extends through the wall of the dispersion processing cylinder into its interior, and the end of the vibration transmission rod is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped block that abuts against the central functional shaft. The through connection between the vibration transmission rod and the dispersion processing cylinder is sealed with a rubber sleeve.

[0015] As a further optimization of the present invention, it also includes an atomizing spraying assembly for spraying an additive onto the surface of the fiber bundle; the atomizing spraying assembly includes a third ring tube and a plurality of third nozzles uniformly arranged circumferentially on the third ring tube.

[0016] This invention also provides a method for dispersing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, comprising the following steps: S1. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber bundle to be treated is introduced from one end of the dispersion treatment cylinder and passed through the annular channel between the central functional shaft and the dispersion treatment cylinder. S2. When the fiber bundle travels to the dispersion cavity region, airflow is injected to the outside of the fiber bundle through the external airflow assembly and airflow is injected to the inside of the fiber bundle through the internal airflow assembly, forming a two-way airflow field to three-dimensionally loosen and untangle the fiber bundle. S3. The fiber bundle moves continuously in the annular channel, passes through each dispersion chamber in sequence for dispersion treatment, and is finally output from the other end of the dispersion treatment cylinder.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention provides thorough dispersion without damaging the fibers. It employs a non-contact, bidirectional airflow dispersion method, breaking through the limitations of a single airflow. This method can penetrate deep into the fiber bundle core layer, achieving all-round three-dimensional untangling, resulting in uniform dispersion without damaging the fibers.

[0018] 2. The central functional shaft of this invention introduces high-frequency vibration, which, combined with airflow shearing, forms a multi-coupling dispersion mechanism. This further loosens the single filament bonding points, reduces the resistance to unpacking, effectively eliminates stubborn bundled filaments and hard clumps, and achieves more thorough and efficient dispersion. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dispersion processing cylinder of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic component structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external airflow assembly, internal airflow assembly, first gas delivery assembly, and second gas delivery assembly of the present invention. Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Sectional view at point AA; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Sectional view at point BB; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the atomizing spray assembly structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Frame; 2. Dispersion processing cylinder; 201. Dispersion chamber; 202. Feed inlet; 203. Discharge outlet; 204. Exhaust gas outlet; 3. Central functional shaft; 301. Conical part; 302. Support plate; 303. Rubber block; 4. External airflow assembly; 401. First ring pipe; 402. First nozzle; 5. Internal airflow assembly; 501. Second ring pipe; 502. Second nozzle; 6. Ultrasonic assembly; 601. Ultrasonic transducer; 602. Amplifier rod; 603. Vibration transmission rod; 604. Rubber sleeve; 605. Arc block; 7. First gas delivery assembly; 701. First gas delivery pipe; 702. First solenoid valve; 8. Second gas delivery assembly; 801. Second gas delivery pipe; 802. Second solenoid valve; 9. Atomizing spray assembly; 901. Third ring pipe; 902. Third nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0022] Example 1 To address the problem that existing dispersion devices rely heavily on traditional mechanical opening methods, which easily cause scratches on the fiber surface or even single filament breakage during strong peeling, thus severely weakening the fiber's original excellent mechanical properties, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1-4This invention provides a dispersion treatment device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers, used to physically open, separate, and spread tightly bound continuous UHMWPE filament bundles, separating the individual filaments within the fiber bundle, eliminating entanglement and agglomeration, while maintaining a continuous and regular bundle shape for subsequent traction, winding, and processing. The device includes a frame 1 and a dispersion treatment cylinder 2 fixedly mounted on the top of the frame 1. At least two dispersion chambers 201 are sequentially arranged inside the dispersion treatment cylinder 2 along the fiber bundle conveying direction. It also includes a central functional shaft 3, coaxially positioned at the center of the dispersion treatment cylinder 2 and extending into each dispersion chamber 201. An annular channel for the fiber bundle to pass through is formed between the central functional shaft 3 and the dispersion treatment cylinder 2. External airflow components 4 are respectively fitted onto the outer wall of the dispersion treatment cylinder 2 corresponding to the positions of each dispersion chamber 201, and internal airflow components 5 are respectively embedded inside the central functional shaft 3 corresponding to the positions of each dispersion chamber 201. The external airflow components 4 and internal airflow components 5 are used to spray airflow into the annular channel to perform bidirectional dispersion treatment on the fiber bundle.

[0023] In this embodiment, the overall working process of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber dispersion treatment device is as follows: The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber bundle to be treated enters from one end of the dispersion treatment cylinder 2, passes through the annular channel formed by the inner wall of the dispersion treatment cylinder 2 and the outer wall of the central functional shaft 3, and passes through at least two dispersion chambers 201 arranged in the dispersion treatment cylinder 2 in sequence along the conveying direction of the annular channel. When the fiber bundle travels to the action area of ​​any dispersion chamber 201, the outer airflow component 4 sprays airflow into the annular channel to apply a dispersion force to the outer layer of the fiber bundle, and the inner airflow component 5 sprays airflow into the annular channel to apply a dispersion force to the inner layer of the fiber bundle. The outer airflow component 4 and the inner airflow component 5 work together, and the airflow penetrates and impacts the monofilaments from both the inner and outer sides of the fiber bundle at the same time, effectively overcoming the cohesion force between the monofilaments, and realizing the gradual unbundling and uniform dispersion of the fiber bundle when passing through each dispersion chamber 201; finally, the completely unbundled fiber bundle is output from the other end of the dispersion treatment cylinder 2.

[0024] It should be noted that the device is also equipped with an external traction mechanism (not shown in the figure) to move the fiber bundle at a constant low speed. This external traction mechanism is a conventional technology in existing textile equipment, and its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail here.

[0025] In addition, the two ends of the dispersion treatment cylinder 2 are respectively provided with a feed port 202 and a discharge port 203, which are connected to the inlet and outlet of the annular channel. The outer wall of the dispersion treatment cylinder 2 is provided with a waste gas outlet 204 at the downstream end of each dispersion chamber 201 along the fiber conveying direction to discharge the dust-containing waste gas generated during the dispersion process. The dispersion treatment cylinder 2 is provided with an expansion section at the position corresponding to each dispersion chamber 201, thereby forming an enlarged annular space at the dispersion chamber 201, providing buffer space for the fiber bundle to spread and the vortex motion of the airflow. The dispersion treatment cylinder 2 is divided into an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder along the axial direction. One side edge of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are hinged to each other, and the other side edge is fastened to each other. The upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are detachably connected to expose the annular channel in the separated state, which facilitates equipment assembly, maintenance and initial threading and feeding of fiber bundles.

[0026] Both ends of the central functional shaft 3 are integrally formed with tapered portions 301, which are used to guide the fiber bundles smoothly into the annular channel. The central functional shaft 3 is suspended and supported in the dispersion treatment cylinder 2 by a support frame. The support frame includes multiple support plates 302 evenly distributed along the circumference. One end of the support plate 302 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dispersion treatment cylinder 2, and the other end is fixedly provided with a rubber block 303 that abuts against the outer wall of the central functional shaft 3.

[0027] During initial feeding, the upper cylinder is separated from the lower cylinder, fully exposing the internal central functional shaft 3 and annular channel. The ends of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber bundles to be processed are passed through the feed inlet 202. Using the tapered portions 301 at both ends of the central functional shaft 3 as guides, the fiber bundles are initially laid around the central functional shaft 3. Then the upper cylinder is closed and locked to complete the threading.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figures 5-7 As shown, the external airflow assembly 4 includes at least one first annular pipe 401 and a plurality of first nozzles 402 evenly distributed circumferentially on each first annular pipe 401. The nozzles of each first nozzle 402 face the annular channel and are inclined at a set angle so that the airflow obliquely impacts the fiber bundle. The internal airflow assembly 5 includes at least one second annular pipe 501 and a plurality of second nozzles 502 evenly distributed circumferentially on each second annular pipe 501. The nozzles of each second nozzle 502 face the annular channel and are inclined at a set angle so that the airflow obliquely impacts the fiber bundle.

[0029] It is worth noting that the airflow directions of the external airflow component 4 and the internal airflow component 5 corresponding to the same dispersion cavity 201 are opposite. For example, one generates a clockwise rotating airflow, and the other generates a counterclockwise rotating airflow, thereby forming an airflow field with opposing airflow and shearing in opposite directions within the annular channel. This promotes the full expansion and untangling of the fiber bundle under the synergistic effect of the bidirectional airflow. The external airflow component 4 and the internal airflow component 5 corresponding to the same dispersion cavity 201 are activated alternately to form a pulsed airflow impact within the annular channel. The alternating operation of the internal and external airflows and the multi-dimensional pulsed impact can effectively penetrate into the core layer of the fiber bundle, forcibly blowing apart the tightly bound monofilaments, thus solving the problem that traditional static airflow can only disperse the surface fibers.

[0030] It is worth noting that the airflow generated by the external airflow components 4 corresponding to the two adjacent dispersion chambers 201 has opposite directions to avoid unidirectional cumulative torsion of the fiber bundle during continuous processing and to prevent spiral entanglement. The external airflow components 4 corresponding to the two adjacent dispersion chambers 201 are activated alternately at intervals to form a pulsed airflow impact in the axial direction. At least one of the external airflow components 4 of the two adjacent dispersion chambers 201 is in a non-jetting state, thereby forming an axially distributed pulsed shear wave on the path of the fiber bundle to further improve the dispersion effect.

[0031] Furthermore, it also includes a first air supply assembly 7 for supplying air to the external airflow assembly 4. The first air supply assembly 7 includes multiple first air supply pipes 701 that are connected one-to-one with each external airflow assembly 4. Each first air supply pipe 701 is connected in series with a first solenoid valve 702. The other end of each first air supply pipe 701 is connected to a first air supply main pipe. It also includes a second air supply assembly 8 for supplying air to the internal airflow assembly 5. The second air supply assembly 8 includes multiple second air supply pipes 801 that are connected one-to-one with each internal airflow assembly 5. Each second air supply pipe 801 is connected in series with a second solenoid valve 802. The other end of each second air supply pipe 801 is connected to a second air supply main pipe.

[0032] During airflow control, the first air supply component 7 supplies air to the external airflow component 4 through the first air supply main pipe and each first air supply pipe 701, and the second air supply component 8 supplies air to the internal airflow component 5 through the second air supply main pipe and each second air supply pipe 801; each first solenoid valve 702 and the second solenoid valve 802 alternately open and close according to a preset timing sequence, so that the external airflow component 4 and the internal airflow component 5 in the same dispersion chamber 201 are alternately activated and the airflow direction is opposite, forming a pulse shear airflow with internal and external counter-blowing; the external airflow component 4 and the internal airflow component 5 of adjacent dispersion chambers 201 also adopt the control method of alternating activation and opposite direction, so as to avoid the fiber bundle from twisting or shifting due to continuous unidirectional force, and ensure that the fiber bundle is stably transported and evenly dispersed in the annular channel.

[0033] This invention also provides a method for dispersing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, comprising the following steps: S1. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber bundle to be treated is introduced from one end of the dispersion treatment cylinder 2 and passed through the annular channel between the central functional shaft 3 and the dispersion treatment cylinder 2. S2. When the fiber bundle travels to the dispersion cavity 201 region, airflow is injected to the outside of the fiber bundle through the external airflow assembly 4 and airflow is injected to the inside of the fiber bundle through the internal airflow assembly 5, forming a two-way airflow field to loosen and untangle the fiber bundle in three dimensions. S3. The fiber bundle moves continuously in the annular channel, passes through each dispersion chamber 201 in sequence for dispersion treatment, and is finally output from the other end of the dispersion treatment cylinder 2.

[0034] Example 2 Based on Example 1, in order to further improve the dispersion effect, such as Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, it also includes an ultrasonic component 6 for driving the central functional shaft 3 to generate high-frequency vibration. The ultrasonic component 6 is located outside the dispersion processing cylinder 2. The ultrasonic component 6 includes an ultrasonic transducer 601 fixedly mounted on the top of the frame 1, an amplitude transformer 602 fixedly mounted on the output end of the ultrasonic transducer 601, and a vibration transmission rod 603 fixedly connected to the end of the amplitude transformer 602. The vibration transmission rod 603 extends through the wall of the dispersion processing cylinder 2 into its interior, and the end of the vibration transmission rod 603 is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped block 605 that abuts against the central functional shaft 3. A rubber sleeve 604 is sealed at the through connection between the vibration transmission rod 603 and the dispersion processing cylinder 2.

[0035] When the ultrasonic component 6 is used, the high-frequency vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer 601 is transmitted to the central functional shaft 3 through the amplitude transformer 602, the vibration transmission rod 603 and the arc block 605. The high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration of the central functional shaft 3 directly acts on the fiber bundles in contact with its surface, destroying the static friction and van der Waals forces between the monofilaments, and assisting the airflow to further loosen the fibers.

[0036] Example 3 Based on Examples 1 and 2, in order to completely overcome the cohesive forces between monofilaments and achieve deep de-clustering, such as Figure 1 , Figure 8 As shown, it also includes an atomizing spray assembly 9 for spraying additives (fiber smoothing agents, antistatic agents, etc.) onto the surface of the fiber bundle; the atomizing spray assembly 9 includes a third ring pipe 901 and a plurality of third nozzles 902 uniformly arranged circumferentially on the third ring pipe 901.

[0037] If it is necessary to improve fiber bundle properties or eliminate static electricity, the atomizing spray assembly 9 is activated in a timely manner. The micro-atomized additive is evenly sprayed onto the initially dispersed fiber surface through the third nozzle 902 to eliminate static electricity, reduce friction between monofilaments, prevent re-agglomeration, and improve dispersion uniformity and subsequent processing performance.

[0038] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dispersion treatment device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, comprising a frame (1) and a dispersion treatment cylinder (2) fixedly disposed on the top of the frame (1), characterized in that: The dispersion processing cylinder (2) is provided with at least two dispersion chambers (201) in sequence along the fiber bundle conveying direction. It also includes a central functional shaft (3), which is coaxially located at the center of the dispersion processing cylinder (2) and extends into each dispersion cavity (201). The central functional shaft (3) and the dispersion processing cylinder (2) form an annular channel for the fiber bundle to pass through. The outer wall of the dispersion processing cylinder (2) is fitted with an external airflow assembly (4) corresponding to the position of each dispersion chamber (201), and the interior of the central functional shaft (3) is fitted with an internal airflow assembly (5) corresponding to the position of each dispersion chamber (201). The external airflow assembly (4) and the internal airflow assembly (5) are used to spray airflow into the annular channel to perform bidirectional dispersion treatment on the fiber bundle.

2. The dispersion treatment device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dispersion processing cylinder (2) has an inlet (202) and an outlet (203) at its two ends respectively. The outer wall of the dispersion processing cylinder (2) has an exhaust outlet (204) at the downstream end of each dispersion chamber (201) along the fiber conveying direction. The dispersion processing cylinder (2) is configured with an enlarged diameter section at the position corresponding to each dispersion chamber (201); The dispersion treatment cylinder (2) is divided into an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder along the axial direction. One side edge of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are hinged to each other, and the other side edge is fastened to each other.

3. The dispersion treatment device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the central functional shaft (3) are integrally formed with tapered portions (301). The central functional shaft (3) is suspended and supported inside the dispersion processing cylinder (2) by a support frame. The support frame includes multiple support plates (302) evenly distributed along the circumference. One end of the support plate (302) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dispersion processing cylinder (2), and the other end is fixedly provided with a rubber block (303) that abuts against the outer wall of the central functional shaft (3).

4. The dispersion treatment device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external airflow assembly (4) includes at least one first ring pipe (401) and a plurality of first nozzles (402) evenly arranged circumferentially on each first ring pipe (401). The nozzles of each first nozzle (402) face the annular channel and are inclined at a set angle so that the airflow obliquely impacts the fiber bundle. The internal airflow assembly (5) includes at least one second ring pipe (501) and a plurality of second nozzles (502) evenly distributed circumferentially on each second ring pipe (501). The nozzles of each second nozzle (502) face the annular channel and are inclined at a set angle so that the airflow obliquely impacts the fiber bundle.

5. The dispersion treatment device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The airflow direction of the outer airflow assembly (4) and the inner airflow assembly (5) corresponding to the same dispersion cavity (201) is opposite; The external airflow assembly (4) and the internal airflow assembly (5) of the same dispersion cavity (201) are activated alternately at intervals to form a pulsed airflow impact in the annular channel.

6. The dispersion treatment device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that, The airflow generated by the external airflow components (4) corresponding to two adjacent dispersion chambers (201) has opposite swirl directions; The external airflow components (4) corresponding to two adjacent dispersion chambers (201) are activated alternately at intervals to form a pulsed airflow impact in the axial direction.

7. The dispersion treatment device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a first gas supply assembly (7) for supplying gas to the external airflow assembly (4). The first gas supply assembly (7) includes multiple first gas supply pipes (701) that are connected one-to-one with each external airflow assembly (4). Each first gas supply pipe (701) is connected in series with a first solenoid valve (702). The other end of each first gas supply pipe (701) is connected to the first gas supply main pipe. It also includes a second air supply assembly (8) for supplying air to the internal airflow assembly (5). The second air supply assembly (8) includes multiple second air supply pipes (801) that are connected one-to-one with each internal airflow assembly (5). Each second air supply pipe (801) is connected in series with a second solenoid valve (802). The other end of each second air supply pipe (801) is connected to the second air supply main pipe.

8. The dispersion treatment device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an ultrasonic component (6) for driving the central functional shaft (3) to generate high-frequency vibration, the ultrasonic component (6) being disposed outside the dispersion treatment cylinder (2); The ultrasonic component (6) includes an ultrasonic transducer (601) fixedly mounted on the top of the frame (1), an amplitude transformer (602) fixedly mounted on the output end of the ultrasonic transducer (601), and a vibration transmission rod (603) fixedly connected to the end of the amplitude transformer (602). The vibration transmission rod (603) extends through the wall of the dispersion treatment cylinder (2) into its interior, and the end of the vibration transmission rod (603) is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped block (605) that abuts against the central functional shaft (3). The through connection between the vibration transmission rod (603) and the dispersion treatment cylinder (2) is sealed with a rubber sleeve (604).

9. The dispersion treatment device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an atomizing spray assembly (9) for spraying additives onto the surface of the fiber bundle; The atomizing spray assembly (9) includes a third ring pipe (901) and a plurality of third nozzles (902) evenly distributed circumferentially on the third ring pipe (901).

10. A method for dispersing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers, comprising using a UHMWPE fiber dispersion processing apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber bundle to be treated is introduced from one end of the dispersion treatment cylinder (2) and passed through the annular channel between the central functional shaft (3) and the dispersion treatment cylinder (2); S2. When the fiber bundle travels to the dispersion chamber (201) region, airflow is sprayed to the outside of the fiber bundle through the external airflow assembly (4) and airflow is sprayed to the inside of the fiber bundle through the internal airflow assembly (5), forming a bidirectional airflow field to loosen and untangle the fiber bundle in three dimensions. S3. The fiber bundle moves continuously in the annular channel, passes through each dispersion chamber (201) in sequence for dispersion treatment, and is finally output from the other end of the dispersion treatment cylinder (2).

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