Wheel loader

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of engineering equipment, and discloses a wheel loader which comprises a vehicle body, two loading mechanisms and a control mechanism, each loading mechanism comprises a bucket, a lifting assembly and an adjusting assembly, each lifting assembly comprises an arm beam, a supporting rod, a first hydraulic cylinder, a supporting frame and a rotary table, the rotary table is vertically and rotatably installed on the upper side of the vehicle body, and the supporting frames are vertically and fixedly installed on the upper side of the rotary table; the outer end of the bucket is rotationally connected with the inner side of the top end of the arm beam through an adjusting assembly. A clamping frame is vertically and fixedly installed on the upper side of the rotary table. The two ends of a first hydraulic cylinder are hinged to the upper side of the clamping frame and the bottom side of the arm beam through pin shafts correspondingly. The two rotary tables are driven by the linkage mechanism to synchronously and reversely rotate, and the control mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the vehicle body and used for controlling the whole equipment to operate. The problems that the unloading mode of the bucket is single, the unloading direction is fixed, and the working efficiency is reduced are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering equipment technology, specifically to a wheeled loader. Background Technology

[0002] Wheel loaders are a type of construction machinery widely used in engineering projects, primarily for loading, transporting, unloading, and leveling materials. Their basic structure includes a power system, a traveling mechanism, a working device, and a hydraulic control system. The working device typically consists of a bucket, boom, levers, rocker arm, and various hydraulic cylinders, which, through a complex linkage mechanism, achieve the lifting and tilting of the bucket.

[0003] Currently, the structure of wheel loaders typically features the bucket positioned in front of the cab. For example, utility model patents CN220225487U and CN212926206U disclose a wheel loader. In these designs, the bucket unloading method is relatively simple. Typically, a bucket cylinder drives the bucket to tilt forward to unload materials. The unloading direction is fixed, requiring the loader to frequently adjust its overall posture to align with the unloading point, increasing the frequency of turning and reversing actions and reducing operational efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wheel loader to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A wheel loader includes a vehicle body, two sets of loading mechanisms and a control mechanism, wherein the two sets of loading mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the front side of the vehicle body; The loading mechanism includes a bucket, a lifting assembly, and an adjustment assembly. The lifting assembly includes a boom, a strut, a first hydraulic cylinder, a support frame, and a turntable. The turntable is vertically rotatably mounted on the upper side of the vehicle body. The support frame is vertically fixedly mounted on the upper side of the turntable. The strut is horizontally rotatably mounted on the top of the support frame. The bottom end of the boom is rotatably sleeved on the strut. The outer end of the bucket is rotatably connected to the inner side of the top of the boom through the adjustment assembly. A bracket is vertically fixedly mounted on the upper side of the turntable. Both ends of the first hydraulic cylinder are hinged to the upper side of the bracket and the bottom side of the boom respectively through pins. The front side of the vehicle body is equipped with a linkage mechanism, and the two turntables rotate synchronously in opposite directions under the drive of the linkage mechanism. The control mechanism is horizontally slidably mounted on the upper side of the vehicle body and is used to control the overall operation of the equipment.

[0006] As another feasible approach, the adjustment assembly includes a slewing component, a second hydraulic cylinder, two supports, a rocker arm, a pivot, and a tie rod. The second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the boom beam top via the two supports. The pivot is vertically rotatably mounted on the inner side of the boom beam top. The rocker arm is horizontally fixedly sleeved on the top of the pivot and has a sliding opening in the middle. The tie rod is vertically sleeved in the sliding opening and its top end is fixedly connected to the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder. The bucket is connected to the pivot via the slewing component.

[0007] As another feasible embodiment, the rotating component includes a ferrule, a coupling, a servo motor, a worm gear, and a worm head. The coupling is horizontally and longitudinally fixedly installed on the outer end of the bucket. The ferrule is horizontally and longitudinally arranged, with its outer end rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft. The outer end of the coupling is rotatably sleeved inside the ferrule. The servo motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the ferrule. The worm gear is fixedly sleeved on the coupling. The worm head is fixedly installed on the output shaft end of the servo motor and meshes with the worm gear.

[0008] As another feasible implementation, the linkage mechanism includes two first gears, two second gears, a motor, two drive shafts, and two couplings. The motor is horizontally fixedly installed inside the vehicle body. The two second gears are respectively fixedly sleeved on two turntables. The two drive shafts are horizontally rotatably sleeved inside the front end of the vehicle body, and their ends that are close to each other are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the motor output shaft through couplings. The two first gears are respectively fixed to the ends of the two drive shafts that are far from each other, and are respectively meshed with the two second gears.

[0009] As another feasible approach, the control mechanism includes a control panel, a slide table, and two sets of sliding components. The slide table is horizontally fixed on the upper side of the vehicle body, the control panel is vertically arranged, and its bottom end is horizontally slidably embedded on the upper side of the slide table. The two sets of sliding components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slide table and connected to the linkage mechanism. The control panel slides under the drive of the two sets of sliding components.

[0010] As another feasible embodiment, the sliding assembly includes a housing, two seals, a slider, a screw, a screw sleeve, a third gear, and a fourth gear. The housing is horizontally fixedly installed on the upper side of the vehicle body. The two pairs of seals are horizontally arranged inside the housing, with their opposite ends fixedly connected to the inner walls of the housing on both sides. The slider is vertically fixedly installed on the bottom side of the control panel and horizontally slidably embedded in the two seals. The screw sleeve is horizontally fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the slider. The screw is horizontally rotatably installed inside the vehicle body, with the screw sleeve threaded onto the screw. The third gear is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft, and the fourth gear is fixedly sleeved on the front end of the screw and meshes with the third gear.

[0011] As another feasible approach, two brackets are fixedly installed on the upper side of the vehicle body, and the two brackets are arranged symmetrically.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a wheel loader with the following advantages: (1) The present invention enables the two buckets to be separated for rapid loading operations through the operation of the loading mechanism; (2) During rapid unloading, the two buckets separate and change the opening direction of the buckets, which makes it easier to select the unloading position according to the accumulation of materials inside the car, so as to fully and evenly fill the car. (3) During loading, the control panel moves back and forth to coordinate with the overall center of gravity of the equipment to ensure the overall stability of the equipment; (4) During non-loading periods, the two buckets are driven by the linkage mechanism to deflect to the rear area of ​​the vehicle body and fall into the two brackets respectively. The control panel moves to the front of the vehicle body to obtain a better view. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a wheel loader in working condition according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a wheel loader in a non-working state, as proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a front view partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a wheel loader proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a side view partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a wheel loader proposed in this invention; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the image; Figure 6 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the image; Figure 7 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point C in the image; Figure 8 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point D in the image.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Vehicle body; 2. Bucket; 3. Arm beam; 4. Support rod; 5. First hydraulic cylinder; 6. Support frame; 7. Turntable; 8. Clamping bracket; 9. Second hydraulic cylinder; 10. Support bracket; 11. Rocker arm; 12. Rotary shaft; 13. Tie rod; 14. Sleeve; 15. Coupling; 16. Servo motor; 17. Worm gear; 18. Worm head; 19. First gear; 20. Second gear; 21. Electric motor; 22. Drive shaft; 23. Coupling; 24. Control panel; 25. Slide table; 26. Housing; 27. Seal; 28. Slider; 29. ​​Screw; 30. Screw sleeve; 31. Third gear; 32. Fourth gear; 33. Bracket; 111. Sliding port. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0016] See Figure 1-8 A wheel loader includes a vehicle body 1, two sets of loading mechanisms and a control mechanism, wherein the two sets of loading mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the front side of the vehicle body 1; The loading mechanism includes a bucket 2, a lifting assembly and an adjustment assembly. The lifting assembly includes a boom beam 3, a strut 4, a first hydraulic cylinder 5, a support frame 6 and a turntable 7. The turntable 7 is vertically rotatably mounted on the upper side of the vehicle body 1. The support frame 6 is vertically fixedly mounted on the upper side of the turntable 7. The strut 4 is horizontally rotatably mounted on the top of the support frame 6. The bottom end of the boom beam 3 is rotatably sleeved on the strut 4. The outer end of the bucket 2 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the top of the boom beam 3 through the adjustment assembly. A clamp 8 is vertically fixedly mounted on the upper side of the turntable 7. Both ends of the first hydraulic cylinder 5 are hinged to the upper side of the clamp 8 and the bottom side of the boom beam 3 respectively through pins. The front side of the vehicle body 1 is equipped with a linkage mechanism, and the two turntables 7 rotate synchronously in opposite directions under the drive of the linkage mechanism. The control mechanism is horizontally slidably mounted on the upper side of the vehicle body 1 and is used to control the overall operation of the equipment.

[0017] The adjustment assembly includes a slewing component, a second hydraulic cylinder 9, two supports 10, a rocker arm 11, a rotating shaft 12, and a tie rod 13. The second hydraulic cylinder 9 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the top of the boom beam 3 via the two supports 10. The rotating shaft 12 is vertically rotatably mounted on the inner side of the top of the boom beam 3. The rocker arm 11 is horizontally fixedly sleeved on the top of the rotating shaft 12, and a sliding opening 111 is provided in the middle. The tie rod 13 is vertically sleeved in the sliding opening 111, and its top end is fixedly connected to the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 9. The bucket 2 is connected to the rotating shaft 12 via the slewing component.

[0018] The rotating components include a ferrule 14, a coupling 15, a servo motor 16, a worm gear 17, and a worm head 18. The coupling 15 is horizontally and longitudinally fixedly installed on the outer end of the bucket 2. The ferrule 14 is horizontally and longitudinally arranged, and its outer end is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft 12. The outer end of the coupling 15 is rotatably sleeved inside the ferrule 14. The servo motor 16 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the ferrule 14. The worm gear 17 is fixedly sleeved on the coupling 15. The worm head 18 is fixedly installed on the output shaft end of the servo motor 16 and meshes with the worm gear 17.

[0019] The linkage mechanism includes two first gears 19, two second gears 20, a motor 21, two drive shafts 22, and two couplings 23. The motor 21 is horizontally fixed inside the vehicle body 1. The two second gears 20 are respectively fixedly sleeved on two turntables 7. The two drive shafts 22 are horizontally rotatably sleeved inside the front end of the vehicle body 1, and their ends that are close to each other are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the output shaft of the motor 21 through the couplings 23. The two first gears 19 are respectively fixed at the ends of the two drive shafts 22 that are far apart from each other, and are respectively meshed with the two second gears 20.

[0020] When using this loader for operations, the operator controls the overall operation of the equipment through the control mechanism. The vehicle body 1 moves, which in turn moves the entire equipment to load and transfer materials at the work site.

[0021] During loading, the two buckets 2 are driven by the linkage mechanism to deflect and engage at the front end of the vehicle body 1, forming a complete bucket structure. Driven by the two first hydraulic cylinders 5, the two boom beams 3 deflect up and down synchronously to lift and lower the two buckets 2. When in the low position, the material is shoveled and transported, and when in the high position, the material is loaded.

[0022] During unloading, the traditional deflection and tilting method can be used to guide the material into the transport vehicle compartment. The servo motor 16 drives the worm wheel 17 through the worm head 18 to rotate the connecting shaft 15. The connecting shaft 15 drives the bucket 2 to deflect downward, so that the material inside is tilted out, thus achieving loading.

[0023] Alternatively, a faster method can be used to unload the material. After the material is lifted to the unloading position height, the motor 21 starts and drives the two drive shafts 22 to deflect synchronously through the coupling 23. The drive shafts 22 deflect synchronously outward through the meshing of the first gear 19 and the second gear 20, thereby causing the turntable 7 to drive the arm beam 3 to deflect outward, so that the two buckets 2 separate from each other. At the same time, the servo motor 16 runs, causing the buckets 2 to deflect, thus unloading the material more quickly.

[0024] During rapid unloading, the second hydraulic cylinder 9 extends and retracts, causing the rocker arm 11 to deflect via the pull rod 13. The rocker arm 11 drives the rotating shaft 12 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 12 drives the ferrule 14 to deflect. This causes the ferrule 14 to drive the bucket 2 to deflect via the connecting shaft 15, changing the opening orientation of the bucket 2. This allows for selection of the unloading position based on the accumulation of materials inside the truck bed, ensuring that the materials are evenly distributed throughout the truck bed.

[0025] The control mechanism includes a control panel 24, a slide 25, and two sets of sliding components. The slide 25 is horizontally fixed on the upper side of the vehicle body 1. The control panel 24 is vertically set and its bottom end is horizontally slidably embedded on the upper side of the slide 25. The two sets of sliding components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slide 25 and connected to the linkage mechanism. The control panel 24 slides under the drive of the two sets of sliding components.

[0026] The sliding assembly includes a housing 26, two seals 27, a slider 28, a screw 29, a screw sleeve 30, a third gear 31, and a fourth gear 32. The housing 26 is horizontally fixedly installed on the upper side of the vehicle body 1. The two pairs of seals 27 are horizontally arranged inside the housing 26, and their opposite ends are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the housing 26. The slider 28 is vertically fixedly installed on the bottom side of the control panel 24 and is horizontally slidably embedded in the two seals 27. The screw sleeve 30 is horizontally fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the slider 28. The screw 29 is horizontally rotatably installed inside the vehicle body 1, and the screw sleeve 30 is threaded onto the screw 29. The third gear 31 is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft 22, and the fourth gear 32 is fixedly sleeved on the front end of the screw 29 and meshes with the third gear 31.

[0027] During loading, the control panel 24 moves with the opening and closing of the two buckets 2, thereby changing the overall center of gravity of the equipment and ensuring the overall stability of the equipment.

[0028] When the motor 21 starts, the two drive shafts 22 drive the two third gears 31 to rotate respectively. The third gears 31 drive the screw 29 to rotate through the fourth gear 32. The screw sleeve 30 drives the slider 28 to move under the interference of the thread. The slider 28 drives the control panel 24 to move back and forth.

[0029] When the two buckets 2 are tilted to the front of the vehicle body 1 to load materials, the control panel 24 moves to the rear, causing the overall center of gravity to shift backward. When the two buckets 2 separate, the materials are unloaded and separated to both sides, and the overall center of gravity shifts forward. At this time, the control panel 24 moves forward to perform counterweight balancing.

[0030] During loading, the control panel 24 moves back and forth, coordinating with the overall shift of the equipment's center of gravity to ensure the overall stability of the equipment.

[0031] The control panel 24 will not affect the overall control of the equipment during the sliding process.

[0032] Two brackets 33 are fixedly installed on the upper side of the vehicle body 1, and the two brackets 33 are arranged symmetrically.

[0033] During non-loading periods, the two buckets 2 are driven by the linkage mechanism to deflect to the rear area of ​​the vehicle body 1 and fall into the two brackets 33 respectively. The control panel 24 moves to the front of the vehicle body 1 to obtain a better view.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheel loader, comprising a vehicle body (1), two sets of loading mechanisms and a control mechanism, wherein the two sets of loading mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the front side of the vehicle body (1); Its features are, The loading mechanism includes a bucket (2), a lifting assembly and an adjustment assembly. The lifting assembly includes a boom (3), a strut (4), a first hydraulic cylinder (5), a support frame (6) and a turntable (7). The turntable (7) is vertically rotatably mounted on the upper side of the vehicle body (1). The support frame (6) is vertically fixedly mounted on the upper side of the turntable (7). The strut (4) is horizontally rotatably mounted on the top of the support frame (6). The bottom end of the boom (3) is rotatably sleeved on the strut (4). The outer end of the bucket (2) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the top of the boom (3) through the adjustment assembly. A clamp (8) is vertically fixedly mounted on the upper side of the turntable (7). Both ends of the first hydraulic cylinder (5) are hinged to the upper side of the clamp (8) and the bottom side of the boom (3) respectively through pins. The front side of the vehicle body (1) is equipped with a linkage mechanism, and the two turntables (7) rotate synchronously in opposite directions under the drive of the linkage mechanism; The control mechanism is horizontally slidably mounted on the upper side of the vehicle body (1) and is used to control the overall operation of the equipment.

2. The wheel loader as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a rotary component, a second hydraulic cylinder (9), two brackets (10), a rocker arm (11), a rotating shaft (12), and a tie rod (13). The second hydraulic cylinder (9) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the top of the boom beam (3) through the two brackets (10). The rotating shaft (12) is vertically rotatably installed on the inner side of the top of the boom beam (3). The rocker arm (11) is horizontally fixedly sleeved on the top of the rotating shaft (12) and has a sliding opening (111) in the middle. The tie rod (13) is vertically sleeved in the sliding opening (111) and its top end is fixedly connected to the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder (9). The bucket (2) is connected to the rotating shaft (12) through the rotary component.

3. The wheel loader as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating component includes a sleeve (14), a connecting shaft (15), a servo motor (16), a worm gear (17), and a worm head (18). The connecting shaft (15) is fixedly installed horizontally and longitudinally on the outer end of the bucket (2). The sleeve (14) is set horizontally and longitudinally, and its outer end is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft (12). The outer end of the connecting shaft (15) is rotatably sleeved inside the sleeve (14). The servo motor (16) is fixedly installed on the outside of the sleeve (14). The worm gear (17) is fixedly sleeved on the connecting shaft (15). The worm head (18) is fixedly installed on the output shaft end of the servo motor (16) and meshes with the worm gear (17).

4. The wheel loader as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage mechanism includes two first gears (19), two second gears (20), a motor (21), two drive shafts (22), and two couplings (23). The motor (21) is horizontally fixed inside the vehicle body (1). The two second gears (20) are respectively fixedly sleeved on two turntables (7). The two drive shafts (22) are horizontally rotated and sleeved inside the front end of the vehicle body (1), and their ends that are close to each other are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the output shaft of the motor (21) through the couplings (23). The two first gears (19) are respectively fixed at the ends of the two drive shafts (22) that are far apart from each other, and are respectively meshed with the two second gears (20).

5. The wheel loader as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The control mechanism includes a control panel (24), a slide (25), and two sets of sliding components. The slide (25) is horizontally fixed on the upper side of the vehicle body (1). The control panel (24) is vertically arranged and its bottom end is horizontally slidably embedded on the upper side of the slide (25). The two sets of sliding components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slide (25) and connected to the linkage mechanism. The control panel (24) slides under the drive of the two sets of sliding components.

6. The wheel loader as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sliding assembly includes a housing (26), two seals (27), a slider (28), a screw (29), a screw sleeve (30), a third gear (31), and a fourth gear (32). The housing (26) is horizontally fixedly installed on the upper side of the vehicle body (1). The two pairs of seals (27) are horizontally arranged inside the housing (26), and their ends, which are far apart from each other, are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the housing (26). The slider (28) is vertically fixedly installed on the bottom side of the control panel (24) and is horizontally slidably embedded in the two seals (27). The screw sleeve (30) is horizontally fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the slider (28). The screw (29) is horizontally rotatably installed inside the vehicle body (1). The screw sleeve (30) is threaded onto the screw (29). The third gear (31) is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft (22). The fourth gear (32) is fixedly sleeved on the front end of the screw (29) and meshes with the third gear (31).

7. The wheel loader as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Two brackets (33) are fixedly installed on the upper side of the vehicle body (1), and the two brackets (33) are arranged symmetrically.

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