Engineering bamboo composite column and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an engineering bamboo combination column which comprises an engineering bamboo column body, steel connecting pieces corresponding to the joints of all floors are arranged at the two ends of the engineering bamboo column body, anchoring structures are arranged on the steel connecting pieces, prestress tensioning pieces are arranged on the outer side of the engineering bamboo column body, and the prestress tensioning pieces are connected with the anchoring structures in a matched mode. A prestress adjusting part is arranged on the prestress tensioning part, and the prestress tensioning part applies axial precompression to the engineering bamboo column body through adjustment of the prestress adjusting part, so that the engineering bamboo column body completes precompression. Axial pre-compression is applied to the engineering bamboo column body through the pre-stress tensioning piece, pre-compression is completed, pre-compression stress is established in advance, the bending resistance, the compressive strength and the overall rigidity of the engineering bamboo column are remarkably improved, residual deformation after engineering bamboo wood is pressed is effectively reduced, structural deviation and uneven node stress caused by too large deformation are avoided, and the service life of the engineering bamboo column is prolonged. The application limitation of an existing engineering bamboo column is broken through, and the bamboo column can meet the building requirements of higher layers and larger loads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of building components, and in particular to an engineering bamboo composite column and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Bamboo, as a renewable low-carbon biomass material, has the characteristics of high strength-to-weight ratio, lightweight and earthquake resistance, excellent thermal insulation performance, and can be mass-produced by machinery. Engineered bamboo profiles such as glued bamboo and reconstituted bamboo, which are made by cutting, drying and gluing processes, overcome the material defects and dimensional variability of round bamboo and have become one of the core structural materials for prefabricated green buildings. Engineered bamboo columns are key vertical load-bearing components in engineered bamboo structure buildings.

[0003] In existing technologies, engineered bamboo columns are mostly constructed using a factory prefabrication and on-site assembly method. Steel connectors are installed at corresponding positions on each floor of the engineered bamboo column body, and standardized and efficient connections are achieved at the nodes through bolted connections between the steel connectors and engineered bamboo beams, shear walls, and other components, adapting to the development needs of industrialized construction. However, due to the inherent material properties of engineered bamboo and the limitations of existing structural designs, current engineered bamboo columns still face many technical bottlenecks in practical engineering applications, making it difficult to meet the structural requirements of higher-story buildings and larger loads: Firstly, engineered bamboo has inherent limitations in strength and stiffness. Existing engineered bamboo columns do not employ additional structural reinforcement measures, making them prone to excessive compressive deformation under large loads, leading to reduced structural stability. Secondly, engineered bamboo exhibits significant nonlinear mechanical behavior under compression, resulting in large residual deformation after compression. This makes engineered bamboo columns prone to problems such as structural dimensional deviations and uneven stress at nodes in engineering applications, severely limiting their engineering application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an engineering bamboo composite column and its construction method, which can solve the above-mentioned problems existing in related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] On one hand, an engineering bamboo composite column is provided, including an engineering bamboo column body, wherein the engineering bamboo column body is fixed with steel connectors corresponding to the connection points of each floor, and the steel connectors are provided with anchoring structures. Prestressed tension members are arranged on the outer side of the engineering bamboo column body, and the prestressed tension members are adapted to and connected with the anchoring structures. The prestressed tension members are equipped with prestressing adjustment members, and the prestressed tension members apply axial preload to the engineering bamboo column body through the adjustment of the prestressing adjustment members, so that the engineering bamboo column body completes precompression.

[0007] Optionally, the prestressed tensioning members are evenly arranged along the circumference of the engineering bamboo column body, and the number of prestressed tensioning members is eight.

[0008] Optionally, the anchoring structure is an anchoring perforated support, and the prestressed tension member is inserted through the anchoring perforated support; One end of the prestressed tensioning member is machined with a threaded section, and the other end is provided with a limiting head with a diameter larger than the through hole of the anchoring through support. The threaded section is threadedly engaged with the prestressed adjustment member. The limiting head and the prestressed adjustment member are respectively located on opposite sides of the two anchoring through supports. Alternatively, the two ends of the prestressed tensioning member are respectively machined with threaded sections, each of the threaded sections is threadedly engaged with a prestressed adjustment member, and the two prestressed adjustment members are respectively located on opposite sides of the two anchoring perforated supports.

[0009] Optionally, the pre-compression of the engineering bamboo column body is not less than 1% of its axial height.

[0010] Optionally, the prestressed tensioning member is a prestressed steel bar or a prestressed strand, wherein the prestressed strand is formed by multiple steel strands twisted together.

[0011] Optionally, the outer periphery of the engineering bamboo column body is fitted with a non-removable mold shell, and a cavity is reserved between the non-removable mold shell and the engineering bamboo column body. The prestressed tensioning member and the anchoring structure are both located in the cavity.

[0012] Optionally, the material of the non-removable formwork shell is one of bamboo-reinforced bamboo fiber concrete, cement fiber composite board, or foamed ceramic board. And / or, the non-removable formwork shell is fixedly connected to the engineering bamboo column body by stainless steel self-tapping screws and / or temporary clips, and the stainless steel self-tapping screws and temporary clips are arranged at intervals along the circumference and vertical of the non-removable formwork shell.

[0013] Optionally, the cavity is filled with self-compacting foamed concrete, which fills and covers the exposed portions of the prestressed tension member, anchoring structure, and steel connector. And / or, the outer surface of the non-removable mold shell is provided with a decorative coating, which is one of elastic paint, real stone paint, flexible tile layer or bamboo texture coating.

[0014] On the other hand, a construction method for engineering bamboo composite columns is provided, including the following steps: The prefabricated engineering bamboo column body has steel connectors fixed at the connection points of each floor on the engineering bamboo column body, and an anchoring structure is installed on the steel connectors. Prestressed tension members are arranged on the outside of the bamboo column body of the project, and the prestressed tension members are adapted and connected to the anchoring structure. Prestressed tension members are equipped with prestress adjustment members. Operate the prestressing adjustment component to apply axial preload to the engineering bamboo column body, so that the engineering bamboo column body completes pre-compression; The pre-compressed engineering bamboo column body is hoisted to the construction site to complete the connection between the engineering bamboo column body and the external building components. If it is a multi-segment engineering bamboo column body, the upper and lower segments of the engineering bamboo column body need to be spliced ​​together and the prestressed tensioning members of the upper and lower segments need to be connected accordingly to form an integral engineering bamboo composite column.

[0015] Optionally, during the prefabrication stage in the workshop, after the engineering bamboo column body has been pre-compressed, the following steps are also included: A non-removable formwork shell is installed on the outer periphery of the pre-compressed engineering bamboo column body. A cavity is reserved between the non-removable formwork shell and the engineering bamboo column body so that the prestressed tensioning member and the anchoring structure are all located in the cavity. Concrete is poured into the cavity to form a reinforced concrete enclosure. The non-removable formwork shell serves as the non-removable outer template of the reinforced concrete enclosure. After the concrete has cured, it completely covers the exposed parts of the prestressed tension members, anchoring structures, and steel connectors.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application applies axial preload and precompression to the engineering bamboo column body through prestressed tensioning members, establishing preload stress in advance, which significantly improves the bending and compressive strength and overall stiffness of the engineering bamboo column, effectively reduces the residual deformation of the engineering bamboo after compression, avoids structural deviations and uneven stress at nodes caused by excessive deformation, breaks through the application limitations of existing engineering bamboo columns, and can adapt to the building requirements of higher floors and larger loads; the steel connectors have the dual functions of "component connection" and "prestressed anchor support", simplifying the structural layout and reducing the number of components. It reduces processing and construction costs; the engineered bamboo column body and core components can be prefabricated in a standardized factory, and only hoisting, connection and prestress adjustment need to be completed on site, which greatly improves construction efficiency and meets the development needs of prefabricated buildings; with engineered bamboo as the core load-bearing component, combined with the strengthening effect of prestressed structure, the use of high-carbon building materials can be reduced and the amount of bamboo used can be saved, which is in line with the concept of green and low-carbon development; at the same time, the types of components can be flexibly selected according to the actual needs of the project, adapting to different construction scenarios, and the prestress can be adjusted twice, the structure has strong durability, and it has extremely high engineering application value and promotion prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bamboo composite column described in the embodiments of this application when there are no joints at the top and bottom; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the bamboo composite column described in the embodiments of this application when there are joints at the top and bottom; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the bamboo composite column described in the embodiment of this application.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Bamboo column body; 2. Steel connectors; 3. Anchoring structure; 4. Prestressed tensioning components; 5. Formwork shell that does not need to be removed; 6. Pre-fixed components; 7. Self-compacting foam concrete; 8. Decorative coating; 9. Angle steel; 10. Beam body. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical problems solved by this application, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are further described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0023] Bamboo, as a renewable low-carbon biomass material, has the characteristics of high strength-to-weight ratio, lightweight and earthquake resistance, excellent thermal insulation performance, and can be mass-produced by machinery. Engineered bamboo profiles such as glued bamboo and reconstituted bamboo, which are made by cutting, drying and gluing processes, overcome the material defects and dimensional variability of round bamboo and have become one of the core structural materials for prefabricated green buildings. Engineered bamboo columns are key vertical load-bearing components in engineered bamboo structure buildings.

[0024] In existing technologies, engineered bamboo columns are mostly constructed using a factory prefabrication and on-site assembly method. Steel connectors are installed at corresponding positions on each floor of the engineered bamboo column body, and standardized and efficient connections are achieved at the nodes through bolted connections between the steel connectors and engineered bamboo beams, shear walls, and other components, adapting to the development needs of industrialized construction. However, due to the inherent material properties of engineered bamboo and the limitations of existing structural designs, current engineered bamboo columns still face many technical bottlenecks in practical engineering applications, making it difficult to meet the structural requirements of higher-story buildings and larger loads: Firstly, engineered bamboo has inherent limitations in strength and stiffness. Existing engineered bamboo columns do not employ additional structural reinforcement measures, making them prone to excessive compressive deformation under large loads, leading to reduced structural stability. Secondly, engineered bamboo exhibits significant nonlinear mechanical behavior under compression, resulting in large residual deformation after compression. This makes engineered bamboo columns prone to problems such as structural dimensional deviations and uneven stress at nodes in engineering applications, severely limiting their engineering application scenarios.

[0025] To overcome the above technical problems, refer to Figures 1-3 This application provides an engineering bamboo composite column, including an engineering bamboo column body 1. The engineering bamboo column body 1 is fixed with steel connectors 2 corresponding to the connection points of each floor. Anchoring structures 3 are provided on the steel connectors 2. Prestressed tension members 4 are arranged on the outer side of the engineering bamboo column body 1. The prestressed tension members 4 are adapted to and connected with the anchoring structures 3. A prestressing adjustment member is provided on the prestressed tension members 4. The prestressed tension members 4 apply axial preload to the engineering bamboo column body 1 through the adjustment of the prestressing adjustment member, so that the engineering bamboo column body 1 completes precompression.

[0026] The engineered bamboo column body 1 serves as the vertical load-bearing core of the entire composite column. It is prefabricated in a factory using engineered bamboo profiles such as glued laminated bamboo or reconstituted bamboo, and its cross-sectional shape can be designed as square, circular, or polygonal according to the building load requirements. The dimensions can be flexibly adjusted according to the floor height. The engineered bamboo column body 1 needs to have sufficient compressive strength and structural integrity to serve as the main load-bearing component for prestressing, providing a reliable foundation for subsequent pre-compression and long-term stress.

[0027] Steel connectors 2 are fixed to the corresponding floor connections of the engineering bamboo column body 1. The preferred material is stainless steel or high-strength carbon steel, possessing good strength and corrosion resistance to ensure long-term stability under load. Steel connectors 2 are fixed to the engineering bamboo column body 1 by bolts or welding, serving a dual function: firstly, as a connection node between the engineering bamboo composite column and external building components such as beams 9 and shear walls, achieving prefabricated connection between the composite column and the overall building structure through standardized bolt connections; secondly, as a fixing carrier for the anchoring structure 3, providing a reliable installation foundation for the anchoring structure 3, avoiding the need for additional dedicated anchor supports and simplifying the structural layout. In practical applications, a single engineering bamboo composite column in this embodiment can longitudinally span and support multiple floors. When there are many floors, multiple segments of engineering bamboo composite columns can be spliced ​​longitudinally, for example, referring to... Figure 1 When a single engineering bamboo composite column longitudinally spans and supports multiple floors, a steel connector 2 is installed at the corresponding floor position in the middle of the engineering bamboo column body 1; refer to Figure 2 When multiple sections of engineering bamboo are used to splice the columns, and the splicing point is located at the floor level, a steel connector 2 is provided at the end of the engineering bamboo column body 1. In addition, to facilitate splicing, angle steel 8 can be installed at the four corners of the engineering bamboo column body 1, and the upper and lower engineering bamboo column bodies 1 are connected and fixed by the angle steel 8.

[0028] Anchoring structure 3 is fixedly installed on steel connector 2, preferably using perforated anchoring supports or anchoring lugs. Its specific structural form can be flexibly adjusted according to the type of prestressed tension member 4. The core requirement is to adapt and connect with the prestressed tension member 4 to achieve reliable positioning and anchoring of the prestressed tension member 4. Anchoring structure 3 and steel connector 2 are preferably fixed by welding to form an integrated anchoring node, ensuring that the axial prestress applied by the prestressed tension member 4 can be stably transmitted to the steel connector 2, and then to the bamboo column body 1, avoiding problems such as anchor loosening and prestress loss.

[0029] The prestressed tension members 4 are arranged on the outer side of the bamboo column body 1, preferably evenly distributed along the circumference of the column, with a preferred number of 4 or 8. The material can be prestressed steel bars or prestressed steel strand bundles, possessing high strength, high toughness, and anti-relaxation characteristics, and can withstand tensile stress for a long time without producing significant residual deformation. The two ends of the prestressed tension members 4 are respectively adapted and connected to the anchoring structures 3 on the steel connectors 2 at the connection points of each floor, forming a vertical prestressed tensioning system. During the installation process, there is no need to chisel or pierce the bamboo column body 1, thus avoiding weakening the strength of the column itself.

[0030] The prestressing adjustment component is mounted on the prestressing tensioner 4. Mature prestressing adjustment components used in construction engineering, such as steel bar threaded sleeves, nut tensioning assemblies, or turnbuckles, can be selected. Its core function is to adjust the tension of the prestressing tensioner 4, thereby precisely controlling the axial preload applied to the bamboo column body 1. Through simple operations such as screwing and tensioning, the preload value can be flexibly adjusted to ensure that the bamboo column body 1 reaches the preset precompression amount. This also facilitates secondary adjustments during later maintenance based on the structural stress conditions, improving the flexibility and reliability of the structure.

[0031] The core working principle of the bamboo composite column in this application is to apply a controllable axial preload to the bamboo column body 1 through external prestressing tensioning, so that it completes precompression and establishes preload stress in advance, thereby offsetting the compressive deformation caused by the load in later use. The specific construction process includes at least three stages: 1. Prefabrication and Assembly Stage: First, the standardized prefabrication of the bamboo column body 1 is completed in the factory. After the column body is formed and reaches the preset strength, steel connectors 2 are fixed at the connection points of each floor. Then, the anchoring structure 3 is welded and fixed to the steel connectors 2. Next, the prestressed tensioning member 4 is placed on the outside of the bamboo column body 1. The two ends of the tensioning member are matched and connected to the corresponding anchoring structure 3 of each floor to ensure that the connection is firm and without loosening. Finally, the prestressed adjustment member is installed on the prestressed tensioning member 4 to complete the factory prefabrication of the entire composite column and the assembly of the core components.

[0032] 2. Prestressing and Pre-compression Stage: After the component assembly is completed, the prestressing tensioner 4 is tensioned by operating the prestressing adjustment device (such as tightening the straight thread sleeve of the steel bar), causing the prestressing tensioner 4 to generate tensile stress. This tensile stress is transmitted to the engineering bamboo column body 1 through the anchoring structure 3 and the steel connector 2, and is converted into axial preload acting on the column. As the prestressing adjustment device is continuously operated, the axial preload gradually increases, and the engineering bamboo column body 1 undergoes controllable compression deformation under the action of preload until the preset pre-compression amount (preferably 1% of the total height of the vertical section of the column) is reached. At this time, the prestressing adjustment device is stopped, and the tensile stress of the prestressing tensioner 4 remains stable. The engineering bamboo column body 1 is in a stable pre-compression state, and a uniform preload stress is established in advance.

[0033] 3. On-site installation and long-term load-bearing stage: The pre-compressed engineering bamboo composite columns are hoisted to the on-site construction site and bolted to external building components such as engineering bamboo beams and shear walls using steel connectors 2, completing the installation of the composite columns. If it is a multi-segment engineering bamboo composite column, the steel connectors 2 of the upper and lower bamboo column bodies must be connected and fixed, and the prestressed tensioning members 4 of the upper and lower segments must be coaxially arranged and reliably connected to achieve continuous transmission of prestress. During later use, when the composite column bears floor loads, its own weight, wind loads, and other service loads, the prestress established through prestressing can effectively offset some of the compressive deformation caused by the service loads, avoiding excessive nonlinear deformation and residual deformation of the column. At the same time, the integrated prestressing system formed by the prestressed tensioning members 4, anchoring structure 3, and steel connectors 2 continuously provides stable axial prestress to the engineering bamboo column body 1, constrains column deformation, improves the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the column, and ensures the long-term stability of the composite column under load.

[0034] In summary, this application applies axial preload and precompression to the engineering bamboo column body 1 through prestressed tensioning member 4, establishing preload stress in advance, significantly improving the bending and compressive strength and overall stiffness of the engineering bamboo column, effectively reducing the residual deformation of the engineering bamboo after compression, avoiding structural deviations and uneven stress at nodes caused by excessive deformation, breaking through the application limitations of existing engineering bamboo columns, and adapting to the building requirements of higher floors and larger loads; the steel connector 2 has the dual functions of "component connection" and "prestressed anchor support", simplifying the structural layout, reducing the number of components, and reducing costs. Processing and construction costs; the engineering bamboo column body 1 and core components can be prefabricated in a standardized factory, and only hoisting, connection and prestress adjustment need to be completed on site, which greatly improves construction efficiency and meets the development needs of prefabricated buildings; with engineering bamboo as the core load-bearing component, combined with the strengthening effect of prestressed structure, the use of high carbon building materials can be reduced and the amount of bamboo used can be saved, which is in line with the concept of green and low carbon development; at the same time, the types of components can be flexibly selected according to the actual needs of the project, adapting to different construction scenarios, and the prestress can be adjusted twice, the structure has strong durability, and has extremely high engineering application value and promotion prospects.

[0035] In one embodiment, the prestressed tensioning members 4 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the engineering bamboo column body 1, and the number of prestressed tensioning members 4 is eight.

[0036] Eight prestressed tension members 4 are evenly arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the bamboo column body 1. The included angle between two adjacent prestressed tension members 4 is 45°, forming a symmetrical ring-shaped prestressed tensioning system. Correspondingly, the anchoring structures 3 on the steel connectors 2 at each floor connection are also set into eight groups, which are matched and connected one-to-one with the eight prestressed tension members 4. Both ends of each prestressed tension member 4 are reliably anchored to the anchoring structure 3 of the corresponding floor. Each prestressed tension member 4 is independently equipped with a prestressing adjustment component, which can realize the synchronous adjustment of single or multiple members.

[0037] In this embodiment, eight equally spaced prestressed tension members 4 form a more uniform annular prestressed constraint system, which can simultaneously apply prestress from all directions around the column, further improving the uniformity of prestress transmission, avoiding localized stress concentration in the column, and significantly improving the load-bearing capacity and deformation resistance of bamboo composite columns for large-section, high-load engineering projects. The eight tension members are independently configured with adjustment structures, which can flexibly realize synchronous adjustment or single-member calibration, ensuring uniform and controllable precompression, and further improving structural stability. At the same time, the arrangement of multiple tension members can form redundancy backup. Even if a single tension member fails, the remaining tension members can still maintain the normal operation of the prestressed system, improving the reliability and safety of the structure, and making it more suitable for the use needs of mid-to-high-rise, high-load bamboo structure buildings.

[0038] In one embodiment, the anchoring structure 3 is an anchoring perforated support, and the prestressed tensioning member 4 is inserted through the anchoring perforated support; One end of the prestressed tensioning member 4 is machined with a threaded section, and the other end is provided with a limiting head with a diameter larger than the through hole of the anchoring through support. The threaded section is threadedly engaged with the prestressed adjustment member. The limiting head and the prestressed adjustment member are respectively located on opposite sides of the two anchoring through supports. Alternatively, the two ends of the prestressed tensioning member 4 are respectively machined with threaded sections, each of the threaded sections is threadedly engaged with a prestressed adjustment member, and the two prestressed adjustment members are respectively located on opposite sides of the two anchoring perforated supports.

[0039] Specifically, this embodiment provides two prestress adjustment schemes: Option 1: Connection of one threaded section at one end and one limiting head at the other end In this scheme, the anchoring perforated support is a seat structure with a circular perforation, which is welded and fixed to the steel connector 2. The diameter of the perforation is adapted to the outer diameter of the prestressed tension member 4 to ensure that the prestressed tension member 4 can be smoothly installed without significant loosening. One end of the prestressed tension member 4 is machined with an external thread section, and the other end is integrally formed or fixedly connected to a limiting head. The diameter of the limiting head is larger than the diameter of the perforation of the anchoring perforated support, forming a limiting structure. The threaded section is threadedly engaged with the prestress adjustment member (preferably a steel bar straight thread sleeve or a lock nut) to realize the prestress adjustment.

[0040] During assembly, the prestressed tension member 4 is machined with a limiting head at one end, which is then inserted into the anchorage perforation support on one of the floor steel connectors 2, so that the limiting head fits against one side of the anchorage perforation support (opposite to the side of the engineering bamboo column body 1), forming a limiting anchorage. The other end (threaded section) of the prestressed tension member 4 passes through the anchorage perforation support on the corresponding other floor steel connector 2, so that the threaded section extends out of the opposite side of the anchorage perforation support. Then, the prestress adjustment component is screwed onto the threaded section, so that the limiting head and the prestress adjustment component are located on the opposite sides of the two anchorage perforation supports, respectively, realizing the limiting and anchoring of both ends of the prestressed tension member 4, ensuring that the prestressed tension member 4 does not shift axially during the tensioning process.

[0041] Option 2: Both ends are threaded connections. In this scheme, the structure of the anchoring perforated support is the same as that in Scheme 1. Both are plate-shaped structures with circular perforations, which are welded and fixed to the steel connector 2. The diameter of the perforation is adapted to the outer diameter of the prestressed tension member 4. Both ends of the prestressed tension member 4 are machined with external thread sections. The specifications of the two thread sections are the same, and they can be threadedly engaged with a set of prestressed adjustment components (steel straight thread sleeve or lock nut).

[0042] During assembly, the two ends of the prestressed tension member 4 are passed through the anchoring perforated supports on the upper and lower steel connectors 2 respectively, so that the threaded sections at both ends extend out to the opposite side of the corresponding anchoring perforated supports. Then, the two sets of prestressed adjustment components are screwed onto the threaded sections at both ends respectively. The two prestressed adjustment components are located on the opposite side of the two anchoring perforated supports respectively. By screwing the prestressed adjustment components at both ends, the tensioning and preload adjustment of the prestressed tension member 4 can be realized, forming a bidirectional adjustable anchoring structure 3.

[0043] The anchorage perforated support structure of this embodiment is simple and easy to process. It can achieve reliable anchorage when used with the prestressed tension member 4, ensuring stable transmission of prestress and avoiding prestress loss. Scheme 1 (one end threaded + one end limiting head) is easy to operate and has high assembly efficiency. The limiting head can quickly achieve one-end anchorage, and a single set of adjustment structure can complete the prestress adjustment, which is suitable for scenarios with high construction efficiency requirements. Scheme 2 (both ends threaded) can achieve bidirectional prestress adjustment with higher adjustment accuracy and can accurately control the precompression amount, which is suitable for high load scenarios with high prestress control requirements. Both schemes achieve reliable limiting and anchorage of the prestressed tension member 4, avoiding displacement and loosening during tensioning, improving the reliability and stability of the prestressed system, and have strong structural adaptability. They can be used with different numbers and types of prestressed tension members 4, further expanding the applicable scenarios of the bamboo composite column in this application.

[0044] In one embodiment, the pre-compression of the engineering bamboo column body 1 is not less than 1% of its axial height.

[0045] By controlling the pre-compression amount to no less than 1% of the axial height of the engineering bamboo column body 1, sufficient and stable pre-compression stress reserves can be established inside the engineering bamboo column body 1. This can effectively offset the axial compression deformation and nonlinear residual deformation of the engineering bamboo column under its own weight, floor load and long-term service load, significantly improve the compressive stiffness and overall stability of the engineering bamboo column, and avoid problems such as floor elevation deviation, uneven stress at nodes and excessive overall settlement of the structure caused by excessive deformation. At the same time, it can give full play to the compressive performance of engineering bamboo, improve the vertical bearing capacity of the composite column, and expand the application range of engineering bamboo columns in mid-to-high-rise and high-load building structures.

[0046] In one embodiment, the prestressed tensioning member 4 is a prestressed steel bar or a prestressed strand, wherein the prestressed strand is formed by multiple steel strands twisted together.

[0047] Prestressed steel bars possess high strength, reliable compatibility with anchorage supports and prestressing adjustment components, and ease of on-site tensioning and adjustment, making them suitable for scenarios requiring high construction convenience. Prestressed tendons, formed by stranding multiple steel strands, exhibit uniform overall stress, high tensile strength, and excellent anti-relaxation performance, enabling them to provide greater prestressing force with smaller cross-sections. This makes them suitable for large-section, high-load, and long-span engineering bamboo composite column structures. Both types of prestressing tensioning components 4 can stably apply axial prestress and achieve pre-compression without damaging the engineering bamboo column body 1. This ensures the reliability and adjustability of prestressing application and allows for flexible selection based on the actual load level, cross-sectional dimensions, and construction conditions, thus enhancing the applicability and structural adaptability of engineering bamboo composite columns.

[0048] In one embodiment, a non-removable mold shell 5 is provided around the outer periphery of the engineering bamboo column body 1, and a cavity is reserved between the non-removable mold shell 5 and the engineering bamboo column body 1. The prestressed tensioning member 4 and the anchoring structure 3 are both located in the cavity.

[0049] The non-removable formwork shell 5 is a modular component prefabricated in the factory. The material can be bamboo fiber concrete, cement fiber composite board or foamed ceramic board, etc. It is fixed to the engineering bamboo column body 1 by stainless steel self-tapping screws and / or temporary clips. Its shape is adapted to the cross section of the engineering bamboo column body 1, and after splicing, it forms a complete outer protective structure. The cavity width can be preset to 50~80mm to serve as the layout space for the prestressed tension member 4 and the anchoring structure 3. At the same time, it reserves operating space for subsequent cavity filling and pipeline pre-embedding. The cavity inner wall maintains a uniform gap with the engineering bamboo column body 1 and the prestressed tension member 4 to avoid local contact that would obstruct the transmission of prestress.

[0050] The formwork 5 in this embodiment provides effective protection for the engineering bamboo column body 1 and its internal prestressed tension members 4 and anchoring structures 3, isolating it from external ultraviolet rays, rainwater, dust, and other erosion, delaying the aging of the engineering bamboo and the corrosion of the prestressed components, and significantly improving the overall durability of the composite column. The reserved cavity provides ample operating space for the layout, installation, and subsequent maintenance of the prestressed tension members 4 and anchoring structures 3, avoiding collision damage to the components during construction, and is also compatible with subsequent concrete pouring, pipeline pre-embedding, and other processes without the need for additional formwork removal, simplifying the construction process and improving construction efficiency. As an external protective structure, the formwork 5 can also serve as a base layer for later decoration, eliminating the need for additional protective layers and reducing construction costs. In addition, the cavity between the formwork 5 and the engineering bamboo column body 1 can form a certain thermal insulation buffer layer, further improving the thermal insulation performance of the engineering bamboo composite column, which is in line with the green building design concept, while avoiding direct exposure of the prestressed components, reducing the risk of structural damage caused by external collisions, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the prestressed system.

[0051] In one embodiment, the material of the non-removable formwork shell 5 is one of bamboo fiber reinforced concrete, cement fiber composite board, or foamed ceramic board. And / or, the non-removable formwork 5 is fixedly connected to the engineering bamboo column body 1 by stainless steel self-tapping screws and / or temporary clips, and the stainless steel self-tapping screws and temporary clips are arranged at intervals along the circumference and vertical of the non-removable formwork 5.

[0052] The formwork shell 5 can be made of any one of bamboo-reinforced bamboo fiber concrete, cement fiber composite board, or foamed ceramic board. All of these materials are lightweight, high-strength, weather-resistant, and have excellent fire resistance, and are compatible with the green and low-carbon design concept of engineering bamboo composite columns. Bamboo-reinforced bamboo fiber concrete can fully utilize bamboo resources, further reducing the carbon footprint, while cement fiber composite board and foamed ceramic board have stronger corrosion resistance and aging resistance, allowing for flexible selection based on the project environment (e.g., humid or high-temperature areas). The formwork shell 5 is fixed to the engineering bamboo column body 1 using stainless steel self-tapping screws and / or temporary clips. Stainless steel self-tapping screws have excellent rust resistance, preventing fixation failure due to rust during long-term use. Temporary clips facilitate factory prefabrication and on-site adjustment. Both are spaced out circumferentially and vertically along the formwork shell 5 to ensure even distribution of fixing points, resulting in a tight fit and uniform stress between the formwork shell 5 and the engineering bamboo column body 1, preventing loosening or displacement during later pouring of filling materials or use.

[0053] In one embodiment, the cavity is filled with self-compacting foamed concrete 6, which fills and covers the exposed portions of the prestressed tension member 4, the anchoring structure 3, and the steel connector 2.

[0054] By pouring self-compacting foamed concrete 6 into the cavity, the prestressed tension members 4, anchoring structures 3, and steel connectors 2 can be fully wrapped and protected, effectively isolating them from moisture, air, and corrosive media, significantly reducing the risk of corrosion of prestressed components and steel components, and improving the long-term reliability of the prestressed system. At the same time, the self-compacting foamed concrete 6 can bind the prestressed components and the engineering bamboo column body 1 into a whole, enhancing the integrity and lateral stiffness of the composite column, further improving the stress performance of the column, and its lightweight characteristics will not significantly increase the self-weight of the structure. It can also play a role in heat insulation, sound insulation, and fire prevention, improving the durability and safety performance of the engineering bamboo composite column and meeting the usage requirements of prefabricated green buildings.

[0055] In one embodiment, the outer surface of the non-removable mold shell 5 is provided with a decorative coating 7, which is one of elastic paint, real stone paint, flexible tile layer or bamboo texture coating.

[0056] The decorative coating 7 is directly attached to the outer surface of the non-removable mold shell 5. It can be applied during the factory prefabrication stage or after on-site assembly. It is firmly bonded to the non-removable mold shell 5, with a smooth surface, and can form a continuous and uniform appearance layer.

[0057] By applying a decorative coating 7 to the exterior of the formwork 5, the engineered bamboo composite column achieves integrated external protection, structural forming, and decorative effect, eliminating the need for secondary plastering and puttying on-site, and significantly shortening the prefabricated construction cycle. Different types of decorative coatings 7 can be adapted to various architectural styles such as modern architecture, landscape architecture, and imitation natural bamboo structures. Among them, the imitation bamboo texture coating can echo the material characteristics of the engineered bamboo column body 1, achieving a unified and coordinated appearance and structure. At the same time, the decorative coating 7 can further block the erosion of the formwork 5 by rainwater and ultraviolet rays, improve the weather resistance and service life of the formwork 5, and enhance the overall aesthetics and durability of the engineered bamboo composite column.

[0058] On the other hand, a construction method for engineering bamboo composite columns is provided, including the following steps: 1) Prefabricated engineering bamboo column body 1, steel connectors 2 are fixed on the engineering bamboo column body 1 at the connection points of each floor, and anchoring structures 3 are installed on the steel connectors 2; 2) A prestressed tension member 4 is arranged on the outside of the bamboo column body 1 of the project, and the prestressed tension member 4 is adapted and connected to the anchoring structure 3. A prestressed adjustment member is provided on the prestressed tension member 4. 3) Operate the prestressing adjustment component to apply axial preload to the engineering bamboo column body 1 by the prestressing tensioning component 4, so that the engineering bamboo column body 1 completes pre-compression; 4) Hoist the pre-compressed engineering bamboo column body 1 to the construction site and complete the connection between the engineering bamboo column body 1 and the external building components. If it is a multi-segment engineering bamboo column body 1, the upper and lower segments of the engineering bamboo column body 1 need to be spliced ​​together and the prestressed tensioning members 4 of the upper and lower segments need to be connected to form an integral engineering bamboo composite column.

[0059] In the above construction method, the engineering bamboo column body 1, steel connectors 2, anchoring structure 3, prestressed tensioning member 4, and prestressing adjustment member are all assembled and prestressed in the factory prefabrication stage. The pre-compression process is controllable and highly precise, which can ensure that a stable and uniform prestress is established inside the engineering bamboo column body 1. When splicing multi-segment columns, the corresponding connection of the upper and lower prestressed tensioning members 4 can ensure the continuous transmission of vertical prestress, so that the overall composite column is subjected to consistent force and coordinated deformation.

[0060] This construction method moves the prestressing process to the factory prefabrication stage, enabling modular and standardized production of engineered bamboo composite columns. On-site work only requires hoisting, docking, and node fixing, significantly reducing on-site wet and high-altitude operations and improving construction efficiency and installation accuracy. By following the construction sequence of pre-stressing, hoisting, and then splicing, the compression deformation and residual deformation of the engineered bamboo columns during later use can be effectively offset, improving the vertical bearing capacity and overall stability of the composite columns, while ensuring the accuracy of floor elevation and node connection. It is suitable for the industrialized construction of mid- to high-rise prefabricated engineered bamboo structure buildings.

[0061] In one embodiment, during the prefabrication stage in the workshop, after the engineering bamboo column body 1 has been pre-compressed, the following steps are also included: A non-removable mold shell 5 is installed on the outer periphery of the pre-compressed engineering bamboo column body 1. A cavity is reserved between the non-removable mold shell 5 and the engineering bamboo column body 1 so that the prestressed tension member 4 and the anchoring structure 3 are both located in the cavity. Concrete is poured into the cavity to form a reinforced concrete enclosure. The non-removable formwork shell 5 serves as the non-removable outer template of the reinforced concrete enclosure. After the concrete has cured, it completely covers the exposed parts of the prestressed tension member 4, the anchoring structure 3, and the steel connector 2.

[0062] All the above steps are completed in the prefabrication stage in the workshop, avoiding high-altitude operations on site and improving construction safety and efficiency. When installing the formwork shell 5, it must fit tightly with the engineering bamboo column body 1, and be fixed at intervals along the circumference and vertical direction using stainless steel self-tapping screws and / or temporary clips to ensure that the cavity width is uniform (preferably 50~80mm). This ensures that the prestressed tensioning member 4 and the anchoring structure 3 are completely inside the cavity and do not fit against the inner wall of the formwork shell 5, avoiding deformation of the components under pressure during concrete pouring. The concrete used for pouring is selected with a strength grade suitable for the engineering load (preferably not lower than C30). During the pouring process, the concrete's own fluidity fills all corners of the cavity without the need for additional vibration, ensuring that the concrete fits tightly with the engineering bamboo column body 1, prestressed members, and steel connectors 2. After curing, it forms a complete reinforced concrete enclosure. The formwork shell 5 does not need to be removed and can directly serve as the outer protective layer and decorative base layer of the enclosure, realizing the integration of "formwork-protection-decorative base layer".

[0063] This embodiment moves the installation of the non-removable formwork shell 5 and the pouring of the concrete enclosure to the prefabrication stage in the workshop, realizing standardized factory operations, effectively controlling construction accuracy, and avoiding problems such as dimensional deviations and component contamination caused by on-site pouring. The non-removable formwork shell 5 serves as the non-removable outer formwork for the reinforced concrete enclosure, eliminating the need for on-site formwork erection and dismantling, significantly shortening the construction cycle, reducing construction costs, and minimizing waste of formwork materials, which aligns with the concept of green construction. After the reinforced concrete enclosure cures, it completely covers the prestressed components and steel connectors 2, effectively isolating them from external erosion, preventing corrosion of the prestressed components and damage to the steel connectors 2, ensuring the long-term stability of the prestressed system, and enhancing the overall rigidity, compressive bearing capacity, and lateral deformation resistance of the bamboo composite column, further improving structural durability and safety. After prefabrication in the workshop, only hoisting is required on-site, adapting to the industrialized construction needs of prefabricated buildings, and balancing construction convenience and structural reliability.

[0064] Optionally, the non-removable formwork shell 5 is a prefabricated modular component made of bamboo fiber concrete, cement fiber composite board or foamed ceramic board, with a thickness of 8~12mm. The modules are joined together by mortise and tenon joints. The non-removable formwork shell 5 is fixed to the engineering bamboo column body 1 by stainless steel self-tapping screws and / or temporary clips.

[0065] Before pouring concrete, the process also includes the step of vertically laying pre-embedded conduits along the main body of the bamboo column 1 in the pouring cavity. The pre-embedded conduits avoid the force transmission path of the prestressed tension member 4 and avoid the reinforcement area of ​​the reinforced concrete enclosure.

[0066] Furthermore, in step 3), the pre-compression of the engineering bamboo column body 1 is controlled to be 1% of the total height of its vertical section, which serves as the termination adjustment condition for the prestressed adjustment component.

[0067] In step 1), the anchoring structure 3 is an anchoring perforated support, which is welded and fixed to the steel connector 2; the end of the prestressed tensioning member 4 is machined with a threaded section, which passes through the anchoring perforated support and engages with the prestressed adjustment member.

[0068] The prestressing adjustment component is a steel bar straight thread sleeve. In step 3), the prestressing tensioning component 4 is tensioned by screwing the steel bar straight thread sleeve, and axial prestress is applied to the engineering bamboo column body 1.

[0069] In step 4), when splicing the upper and lower sections of the multi-segment engineering bamboo column body 1, an angle steel 8 is set on the steel connector 2 of the lower section engineering bamboo column body 1. The angle steel 8 extends upward and is inserted into the inner side of the steel connector 2 of the upper section engineering bamboo column body 1. Then, the two are locked and fixed by through bolts to complete the connection of the upper and lower steel connectors 2. The prestressed tension members 4 of the upper and lower sections are arranged coaxially, and the vertical transition connection of the prestressed tension members 4 is achieved by the angle steel 8.

[0070] Preferably, the cross-sectional dimensions of the upper bamboo column body 1 are smaller than those of the lower bamboo column body 1. The non-removable formwork 5 of the upper bamboo column body 1 is nested outside the angle steel 8 of the lower bamboo column body 1. After splicing, the reinforced concrete enclosure of the upper and lower sections forms a continuous vertical protective layer.

[0071] In step 1), when the engineering bamboo column body 1 is prefabricated in the factory, the length of a single vertical section does not exceed 12 meters, which is suitable for transportation and on-site hoisting requirements.

[0072] In step 4), the engineering bamboo column body 1 is bolted to the external building components. Specifically, the steel connector 2 of the engineering bamboo column body 1 and the steel connector 2 of the engineering bamboo beam are locked together with bolts to complete the prefabricated connection of the beam-column joint.

[0073] The prestressed tensioning member 4 is a prestressed steel bar or a prestressed bundle. The prestressed bundle is made of multiple steel strands twisted together. If a prestressed bundle is used, its end is integrally machined with a threaded section and adapted to connect with the anchoring structure 3 and the prestressed adjustment member.

[0074] After the bamboo column body 1 is hoisted into place and connected to the external building components, the following steps are also included for the subsequent processing of the formwork shell 5: the joints of the formwork shell 5 are filled with elastic sealant, and after the sealant has cured, a decorative coating 7 is applied to the outer surface of the formwork shell 5.

[0075] If the decorative coating 7 is a bamboo-grain imitation coating, first apply water-based bamboo-grain primer to the outer surface of the non-removable mold shell 5 at the factory, then complete the sealant filling on site, apply wood grain topcoat, and use a special bamboo-grain tool to pull out the bamboo-grain texture, and finally apply bamboo-grain protective agent.

[0076] In the description herein, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive distinction and have no special meaning.

[0077] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0078] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style of the specification is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0079] The technical principles of this application have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application in any way. Based on this explanation, those skilled in the art can readily conceive of other specific embodiments of this application without inventive effort, and these embodiments will all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An engineering bamboo composite column, comprising an engineering bamboo column body (1), wherein the engineering bamboo column body (1) is provided with steel connectors (2) at both ends corresponding to the connection points of each floor, characterized in that, An anchoring structure (3) is provided on the steel connector (2). A prestressed tensioning member (4) is provided on the outer side of the engineering bamboo column body (1). The prestressed tensioning member (4) is adapted to the anchoring structure (3). A prestressed adjustment member is provided on the prestressed tensioning member (4). The prestressed tensioning member (4) applies axial prestress to the engineering bamboo column body (1) through the adjustment of the prestressed adjustment member, so that the engineering bamboo column body (1) completes pre-compression.

2. The engineering bamboo composite column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prestressed tensioning members (4) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the engineering bamboo column body (1), and the number of prestressed tensioning members (4) is eight.

3. The engineering bamboo composite column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchoring structure (3) is an anchoring perforated support, and the prestressed tensioning member (4) is inserted through the anchoring perforated support; One end of the prestressed tensioning member (4) is machined with a threaded section, and the other end is provided with a limiting head with a diameter larger than the through hole of the anchoring through support. The threaded section is threadedly engaged with the prestressed adjustment member. The limiting head and the prestressed adjustment member are respectively located on opposite sides of the two anchoring through supports. Alternatively, the two ends of the prestressed tensioning member (4) are respectively machined with threaded sections, each of the threaded sections is threadedly engaged with a prestressed adjustment member, and the two prestressed adjustment members are respectively located on opposite sides of the two anchoring perforated supports.

4. The engineering bamboo composite column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-compression of the bamboo column body (1) is not less than 1% of its axial height.

5. The engineering bamboo composite column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prestressed tensioning member (4) is a prestressed steel bar or a prestressed strand, and the prestressed strand is made of multiple steel strands twisted together.

6. The engineering bamboo composite column according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the engineering bamboo column body (1) is fitted with a non-removable mold shell (5), and a cavity is reserved between the non-removable mold shell (5) and the engineering bamboo column body (1). The prestressed tension member (4) and the anchoring structure (3) are both located in the cavity.

7. The engineering bamboo composite column according to claim 6, characterized in that, The material of the non-removable formwork shell (5) is one of bamboo fiber concrete, cement fiber composite board or foamed ceramic board. And / or, the non-removable mold shell (5) is fixedly connected to the engineering bamboo column body (1) by stainless steel self-tapping screws and / or temporary buckles, and the stainless steel self-tapping screws and temporary buckles are arranged at intervals along the circumference and vertical of the non-removable mold shell (5).

8. The engineering bamboo composite column according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cavity is filled with self-compacting foamed concrete (6), which fills and covers the exposed parts of the prestressed tension member (4), anchoring structure (3) and steel connector (2). And / or, the outer surface of the non-removable mold shell (5) is provided with a decorative coating (7), which is one of elastic paint, real stone paint, flexible tile layer or bamboo texture coating.

9. A construction method for an engineering bamboo composite column as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A prefabricated bamboo column body (1) is provided, and steel connectors (2) are fixed on the bamboo column body (1) at the connection points of each floor, and an anchoring structure (3) is installed on the steel connectors (2). Prestressed tension members (4) are arranged on the outside of the bamboo column body (1) of the project, and the prestressed tension members (4) are adapted and connected to the anchoring structure (3). The prestressed tension members (4) are equipped with prestressed adjustment members. Operate the prestress adjustment component to apply axial prestress to the engineering bamboo column body (1) through the prestress tensioning component (4), so that the engineering bamboo column body (1) completes pre-compression; The pre-compressed engineering bamboo column body (1) is hoisted to the construction site to complete the connection between the engineering bamboo column body (1) and the external building components. If it is a multi-segment engineering bamboo column body (1), the upper and lower segments of the engineering bamboo column body (1) need to be spliced ​​together, and the prestressed tensioning members (4) of the upper and lower segments need to be connected accordingly to form an integral engineering bamboo composite column.

10. The construction method of the engineering bamboo composite column according to claim 9, characterized in that, During the prefabrication stage in the workshop, after the engineering bamboo column body (1) has been pre-compressed, the following steps are also included: A non-removable mold shell (5) is installed on the outer periphery of the pre-compressed engineering bamboo column body (1). A cavity is reserved between the non-removable mold shell (5) and the engineering bamboo column body (1) so that the prestressed tension member (4) and the anchoring structure (3) are both located in the cavity. Concrete is poured into the cavity to form a reinforced concrete enclosure. The non-removable formwork shell (5) serves as the non-removable outer formwork for the reinforced concrete enclosure. After the concrete has cured, it completely covers the exposed parts of the prestressed tension member (4), the anchoring structure (3), and the steel connector (2).

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