Hydraulic support suitable for uneven ground

Abstract

The hydraulic support comprises a movable base, a column body is arranged in the middle of the movable base, a first hydraulic cylinder extending upwards is arranged at the top of the column body, a first top plate is arranged at the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder, and a plurality of horizontal telescopic rods are arranged in the circumferential direction of the bottom of the column body; a driving mechanism used for synchronously driving the horizontal telescopic rods to stretch out and draw back in the radial direction of the column body is arranged in the column body, a base is arranged at the front ends of the horizontal telescopic rods, a leveling mechanism used for making contact with the ground is arranged at the bottom of the base, and a second hydraulic cylinder extending upwards is arranged at the top of the base. A second top plate is arranged at the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder; according to the scheme, a plurality of auxiliary supporting points can be formed on the periphery of the column body, the supporting span and the contact area between the column body and the ground are increased, and therefore loads transmitted from a top plate are dispersed, the risk that a frame body inclines or turns on one side due to unstable single-point supporting is avoided, and the overall stability on the uneven ground is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel support technology, and more specifically to a hydraulic support suitable for uneven ground. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic support devices for roadways are key equipment for ensuring the safety of underground coal mining operations. They are mainly used to support the roof of the working face and provide a stable working space for coal mining and transportation. During coal mining, geological conditions are complex and changeable. The working face surface often becomes uneven, with changes in slope and height due to mining activities, geological tectonic movements, or historical subsidence.

[0003] Currently, existing hydraulic support devices for roadways have poor terrain adaptability when applied to uneven ground. Traditional hydraulic support bases are usually rigid structures or only have simple plane leveling capabilities. When encountering a large ground slope or local depressions or protrusions, the support cannot effectively fit the ground, resulting in tilting of the support body and uneven stress. In severe cases, it may overturn or collapse, which greatly affects the stability and safety of the support. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a hydraulic support suitable for uneven ground, solving the problem of poor stability and safety in roadway support on uneven ground.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A hydraulic support suitable for uneven ground is provided, comprising a movable base, a column at the center of the movable base, a first hydraulic cylinder extending upward at the top of the column, a first top plate at the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder, a plurality of horizontal telescopic rods arranged circumferentially at the bottom of the column, and a drive mechanism for synchronously driving the plurality of horizontal telescopic rods to extend and retract radially along the column, a base at the front end of the horizontal telescopic rods, a leveling mechanism for contacting the ground at the bottom of the base, and a second hydraulic cylinder extending upward at the top of the base, a second top plate at the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder.

[0006] Furthermore, the horizontal telescopic rod includes a horizontal sleeve rod and a sliding rod slidably embedded in the horizontal sleeve rod. One end of each of the horizontal sleeve rods is fixedly connected to the column. The driving mechanism includes a driving hydraulic cylinder disposed in the column and extending downward. The telescopic end of the driving hydraulic cylinder is vertically hinged to one end of each of the driving rods through a first hinge lug. The other end of each of the driving rods is vertically hinged to the rear end of each of the telescopic rods through a second hinge lug.

[0007] Furthermore, the column has several vertical slots on its circumference to avoid the first hinge ear, and the top of the horizontal sleeve has a horizontal slot to avoid the second hinge ear.

[0008] Furthermore, the plurality of horizontal telescopic poles includes at least four horizontal telescopic poles arranged in an X-shape.

[0009] Furthermore, the leveling mechanism includes a vertical lead screw that passes through the base and is threaded into it. The lower end of the vertical lead screw is rotatably connected to a lifting support, and the bottom of the lifting support is vertically hinged to a supporting base plate.

[0010] Furthermore, a drive turntable is provided at the upper end of the vertical lead screw.

[0011] Furthermore, vertical guide rods are provided on both sides of the top of the lifting support, and the two vertical guide rods pass through the base and slide with it.

[0012] Furthermore, several drive wheels are arranged side by side on both sides of the mobile base, and the two drive wheels at the front end are respectively connected to several synchronous motors.

[0013] Furthermore, each of the shafts of several synchronous motors is equipped with a drive gear, and each drive gear meshes with a first driven gear. The first driven gear is coaxially connected to a second driven gear via a transmission shaft. The second driven gear meshes with a third driven gear, and the third driven gear is connected to the drive wheel via a transmission.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. After moving to the working position, this solution can reliably support the top of the roadway through the first hydraulic cylinder. The drive mechanism can make each horizontal telescopic bar extend synchronously. With the support of several second hydraulic cylinders and the leveling mechanism, multiple auxiliary support points are formed around the column, which significantly increases the support span and the contact area with the ground. This effectively disperses the load transmitted from the roof. Even in the case of local soft or depressed ground, the overall balance can be maintained by multiple points of force. This effectively avoids the risk of the frame tilting or overturning due to unstable single-point support, and greatly improves the overall stability on uneven ground.

[0015] 2. This solution allows for adjustment of the extension length of each horizontal telescopic rod via a drive mechanism, enabling each auxiliary support point to adapt to changes in tunnel width and avoid macroscopic terrain undulations. Simultaneously, each base has an independent leveling mechanism at its bottom, allowing each base to adaptively adjust its support according to minor unevenness in the ground, thereby maximizing the contact area of ​​the ground support by ensuring that each support base plate fits as closely as possible to the uneven ground.

[0016] 3. This solution uses a hydraulic cylinder to simultaneously drive several drive rods to offset, and the offset drive rods can generate a horizontal displacement component, thereby driving several sliding rods to perform stable and efficient synchronous radial extension and retraction.

[0017] 4. The mobile base of this design achieves multi-point contact with the ground and smooth movement through several drive wheels arranged side by side; the independent drive of the two drive wheels at the front end enables flexible forward, backward, and even differential steering, improving the mobility of this design; several synchronous motors jointly drive the front drive wheels to enhance the driving force of the mobile base; at the same time, through the size design and transmission coordination of the drive gear, the first driven gear, the second driven gear, and the third driven gear, speed matching between the drive wheels and the synchronous motors can be achieved to control the moving speed of the mobile base. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become clearer through the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals indicate the same parts in all the drawings. The drawings are not intentionally drawn to scale to actual dimensions; the focus is on illustrating the main points of the invention.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic support structure suitable for uneven ground.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram showing the structure when the first top plate is removed.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the leveling mechanism.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive wheel and the synchronous motor working together.

[0023] The components include: 1. Movable base; 2. Column; 3. First hydraulic cylinder; 4. First top plate; 5. Base; 6. Leveling mechanism; 7. Second hydraulic cylinder; 8. Second top plate; 9. Horizontal sleeve rod; 10. Sliding rod; 11. Drive hydraulic cylinder; 12. First hinge ear; 13. Drive rod; 14. Second hinge ear; 15. Vertical strip groove; 16. Horizontal strip groove; 17. Vertical lead screw; 18. Lifting support; 19. Support base plate; 20. Drive turntable; 21. Vertical guide rod; 22. Drive wheel; 23. Synchronous motor; 24. Drive gear; 25. First driven gear; 26. Second driven gear; 27. Third driven gear. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0026] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic support for uneven ground in this solution includes a movable base 1, a column 2 in the middle of the movable base 1, a first hydraulic cylinder 3 extending upward at the top of the column 2, a first top plate 4 at the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3, four horizontal telescopic rods circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the column 2, and a drive mechanism for synchronously driving the four horizontal telescopic rods to extend and retract radially along the column 2 inside the column 2, a base 5 at the front end of the horizontal telescopic rods, a leveling mechanism 6 for contacting the ground at the bottom of the base 5, a second hydraulic cylinder 7 extending upward at the top of the base 5, and a second top plate 8 at the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder 7.

[0029] After being moved to the working position, this scheme can reliably support the top of the tunnel through the first hydraulic cylinder 3. The drive mechanism can make each horizontal telescopic bar extend synchronously. With the support of four second hydraulic cylinders 7 and the leveling mechanism 6, four auxiliary support points are formed around the column 2, which significantly increases the support span and the contact area with the ground. This multi-point support structure can effectively distribute the load transmitted from the roof. Even in the case of local soft or depressed ground, it can maintain the overall balance by relying on the joint force of multiple points. It effectively avoids the risk of the frame tilting or overturning due to the instability of a single point support, and greatly improves the overall stability on uneven ground.

[0030] As an optional implementation, the four horizontal telescopic rods are arranged in an X-shape. Each horizontal telescopic rod includes a horizontal sleeve rod 9 and a sliding rod 10 slidably embedded in the horizontal sleeve rod 9. One end of each of the four horizontal sleeve rods 9 is fixedly connected to the column 2. The driving mechanism includes a driving hydraulic cylinder 11 disposed in the column 2 and extending downward. The telescopic end of the driving hydraulic cylinder 11 is vertically hinged to one end of each of the four driving rods 13 via a first hinge lug 12. The other ends of the four driving rods 13 are vertically hinged to the rear ends of the four telescopic rods via second hinge lugs 14. Specifically, the column 2 has four vertical slots 15 on its circumference to avoid the first hinge lugs 12, and the top of the horizontal sleeve rods 9 has... A horizontal slot 16 is provided to avoid the second hinge lug 14, allowing the first hinge lug 12 and the second hinge lug 14 to slide within the vertical slot 15 and the horizontal slot 16, respectively. This solution uses a hydraulic cylinder 11 to synchronously drive four drive rods 13 to offset, and the offset drive rods 13 can generate a horizontal displacement component, thereby driving the four sliding rods 10 to perform stable and efficient synchronous radial extension and retraction, thereby adjusting the extension length of each horizontal extension rod, so that each auxiliary support point can adapt to the width changes of the tunnel and avoid macroscopic terrain undulations. At the same time, the horizontal extension rods can be retracted when not in operation, so as to facilitate movement in narrow tunnels.

[0031] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the leveling mechanism 6 includes a vertical lead screw 17 that passes through and is threaded into the base 5. A drive turntable 20 is provided at the upper end of the vertical lead screw 17, and a lifting support 18 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the vertical lead screw 17, meaning that the lifting support 18 can rotate independently of the vertical lead screw 17. Vertical guide rods 21 are provided on both sides of the top of the lifting support 18. The two vertical guide rods 21 pass through the base 5 and are slidably engaged with it. A support base plate 19 is vertically hinged to the bottom of the lifting support 18. The leveling mechanism 6 of this scheme allows each base 5 to adaptively adjust its support according to the slight unevenness of the ground, so that each support base plate 19 can fit as close as possible to the uneven ground, thereby increasing the contact area of ​​the ground support.

[0032] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, five drive wheels 22 are arranged side by side on both sides of the movable base 1. The two drive wheels 22 at the front end are respectively connected to three synchronous motors 23. Each of the three synchronous motors has a drive gear 24 on its shaft. All three drive gears 24 mesh with a first driven gear 25. The first driven gear 25 is coaxially connected to a second driven gear 26 via a transmission shaft. The second driven gear 26 meshes with a third driven gear 27. The third driven gear 27 is connected to the drive wheels 22. In this design, the movable base 1 is driven by several drive wheels 22 arranged side by side. 2. It achieves multi-point contact with the ground and smooth movement; the independent drive of the two drive wheels 22 at the front end enables flexible forward, backward and even differential steering, improving the mobility of this solution; the drive wheels 22 at the front end are driven by three synchronous motors 23 to enhance the driving force of the mobile base 1; through the size design and transmission coordination of the drive gear 24, the first driven gear 25, the second driven gear 26 and the third driven gear 27, the speed matching between the drive wheels 22 and the synchronous motors 23 can be achieved, so as to control the moving speed of the mobile base 1.

[0033] Although the specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this patent; various modifications and variations that can be made by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort within the scope described in the claims are still within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A hydraulic support suitable for uneven ground, characterized in that, The device includes a movable base, a column at the center of the movable base, a first hydraulic cylinder extending upward at the top of the column, a first top plate at the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder, several horizontal telescopic rods circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the column, and a drive mechanism inside the column for synchronously driving the several horizontal telescopic rods to extend and retract radially along the column, a base at the front end of each horizontal telescopic rod, a leveling mechanism at the bottom of the base for contacting the ground, and a second hydraulic cylinder extending upward at the top of the base, a second top plate at the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder.

2. The hydraulic support for uneven ground according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal telescopic rod includes a horizontal sleeve rod and a sliding rod slidably embedded in the horizontal sleeve rod. One end of each of the horizontal sleeve rods is fixedly connected to the column. The driving mechanism includes a driving hydraulic cylinder disposed in the column and extending downward. The telescopic end of the driving hydraulic cylinder is vertically hinged to one end of each of the driving rods through a first hinge lug. The other ends of each of the driving rods are vertically hinged to the rear ends of the telescopic rods through second hinge lugs.

3. The hydraulic support for uneven ground according to claim 2, characterized in that, The column has several vertical slots on its circumference to avoid the first hinge lug, and the top of the horizontal sleeve has a horizontal slot to avoid the second hinge lug.

4. The hydraulic support for uneven ground according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plurality of horizontal telescopic rods includes at least four horizontal telescopic rods arranged in an X-shape.

5. The hydraulic support for uneven ground according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leveling mechanism includes a vertical lead screw that passes through the base and is threaded therewith. The lower end of the vertical lead screw is rotatably connected to a lifting support, and the bottom of the lifting support is vertically hinged to a supporting base plate.

6. The hydraulic support for uneven ground according to claim 5, characterized in that, A drive turntable is provided at the upper end of the vertical lead screw.

7. The hydraulic support for uneven ground according to claim 5, characterized in that, Vertical guide rods are provided on both sides of the top of the lifting support, and the two vertical guide rods pass through the base and slide with it.

8. The hydraulic support for uneven ground according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several drive wheels are arranged side by side on both sides of the mobile base, and the two drive wheels at the front end are respectively connected to several synchronous motors.

9. The hydraulic support for uneven ground according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the synchronous motors has a drive gear on its shaft, and each of the drive gears meshes with a first driven gear. The first driven gear is coaxially connected to a second driven gear via a transmission shaft. The second driven gear meshes with a third driven gear, and the third driven gear is connected to a drive wheel via a transmission.

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