Composite vertical-axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift-drag blades and system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a composite vertical-axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift-drag blades. The composite vertical-axis wind turbine comprises a power generation device and an impeller assembly in transmission connection with the power generation device, the impeller assembly comprises a resistance wheel assembly and a lifting force wheel assembly which are coaxially arranged, the resistance wheel assembly comprises at least one rotatable resistance blade, the lifting force wheel assembly comprises at least one lifting force blade capable of sliding in the radial direction, and the impeller assembly further comprises a linkage rod connected with the resistance blade and the lifting force blade; and the lift force blades are configured to drive the linkage rod under the action of centrifugal force generated by rotation so as to drive the resistance blades to rotate from an unfolded starting position to a retracted working position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments disclosed herein belong to the technical field of wind power generation equipment, specifically relating to a composite vertical axis wind turbine generator and system with automatically adjustable lift and drag blades. Background Technology

[0002] Existing drag-type vertical axis wind turbines (such as the Savonius turbine) typically have high starting torque and low efficiency, while lift-type vertical axis wind turbines (such as the Darrieus turbine) typically have high efficiency but poor self-starting capability. The lift-drag hybrid vertical axis wind turbine is a design that combines the principles of "lift" and "drag" blades in a single turbine: drag blades improve starting performance, while lift blades achieve higher power generation efficiency. Through this ingenious combination, the lift-drag hybrid vertical axis wind turbine solves the problem of difficult starting for pure lift-type wind turbines.

[0003] The drag blades in a lift-drag hybrid vertical axis wind turbine enable it to generate a certain starting torque under any wind direction and low wind speed, solving the problem of difficult low-wind-speed start-up for pure lift wind turbines. However, this also brings a fatal drawback: the drag component itself has a low upper limit for wind energy utilization efficiency (the Betz limit Cp value is much lower than that of the lift component), which significantly reduces the airflow velocity after passing through the turbine and generates turbulent flow with chaotic direction. This severely interferes with the aerodynamic performance of the lift blades behind it, resulting in an overall efficiency that is usually lower than that of a pure lift vertical axis wind turbine. In other words, the rotation of the drag wheel causes turbulence in the wind turbine's flow field, leading to a lower wind energy utilization rate for the vertical axis wind turbine and ultimately a reduction in power generation efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the above-mentioned technical problems has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments disclosed herein aim to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provide a composite vertical axis wind turbine generator and system with automatically adjustable lift and drag blades.

[0006] A first aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure provides a composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift-drag blades, comprising: A power generation device, and an impeller assembly that is driven to the power generation device; The impeller assembly includes a drag wheel assembly and a lift wheel assembly arranged coaxially. The drag wheel assembly includes at least one rotatable drag blade, and the lift wheel assembly includes at least one radially sliding lift blade. The impeller assembly also includes a linkage rod connecting the drag blade and the lift blade. The lifting blade is configured to drive the linkage rod under the action of centrifugal force generated by rotation, so as to drive the resistance blade to rotate from the deployed starting position to the retracted working position.

[0007] In some embodiments, the lift wheel assembly includes an intermediate flange, a spring cylinder disposed on the intermediate flange, an elastic element pre-tightened within the spring cylinder, and a spring rod slidably disposed within the spring cylinder and connected to the lift blade.

[0008] In some embodiments, the elastic element includes a spring, wherein the spring is configured to provide a preload force to the spring rod to cause it to contract radially.

[0009] In some embodiments, the lift wheel assembly further includes a threaded sleeve threadedly connected to the spring rod, and a T-block connected to the threaded sleeve and the lift blade respectively; One end of the linkage rod is hinged to the resistance blade, and the other end is hinged to the threaded sleeve.

[0010] In some embodiments, the lift wheel assembly further includes lift baffles disposed at opposite ends of the lift blades.

[0011] In some embodiments, the resistance wheel assembly includes mounting plates that are relatively parallel and spaced apart, and a plurality of support rods evenly distributed between two of the mounting plates, wherein the resistance blades are rotatably mounted on the support rods.

[0012] In some embodiments, the resistance wheel assembly further includes a limiting block disposed on the resistance blade and used to abut against the mounting plate; wherein the linkage rod is hinged to the resistance blade through the limiting block.

[0013] In some embodiments, the drag wheel assembly further includes drag baffles disposed at opposite ends of the drag blades.

[0014] In some embodiments, the drag wheel assembly includes three drag blades spaced apart circumferentially, the lift wheel assembly includes three lift blades spaced apart circumferentially, and the impeller assembly includes three linkage rods; wherein the three drag blades and the three lift blades are staggered circumferentially.

[0015] A second aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure provides a wind power generation system, the system comprising a composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift and drag blades as described above.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this disclosure include: This invention proposes a composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift and drag blades. This allows the wind turbine to automatically retract the drag blades during rotation, thereby reducing the turbulence caused by the drag blades on the lift blades while obtaining a larger starting torque. This results in higher overall aerodynamic efficiency and improved wind energy utilization of the turbine. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift blades, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lift wheel assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drag wheel assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the standby state of a composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift blades, according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of a composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift blades, according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0018] In the diagram, 1. Resistance wheel assembly; 2. Linkage rod; 3. Lift wheel assembly; 4. Generator; 11. Intermediate shaft; 12. Support rod; 13. Resistance blade; 14. Mounting plate; 15. Resistance baffle; 16. Limiting block; 31. Intermediate flange; 32. Spring cylinder; 33. Threaded sleeve; 34. Lifting baffle; 35. Lifting blade; 36. Mounting corner block; 37. Spring rod; 38. Elastic element; 39. Spring cylinder end cap; 40. T-block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, the disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] The embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed descriptions and accompanying drawings of the following embodiments are used to exemplarily illustrate the principles of this application, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application; that is, this application is not limited to the described embodiments. In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the allowable error range. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the allowable error range.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application depending on the specific circumstances.

[0022] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift blades includes a power generation device 4 and an impeller assembly that is drivenly connected to the power generation device 4.

[0023] The impeller assembly includes a drag wheel assembly 1 and a lift wheel assembly 3 arranged coaxially. The drag wheel assembly 1 includes at least one rotatable drag blade 13, and the lift wheel assembly 3 includes at least one radially sliding lift blade 35. The impeller assembly also includes a linkage rod 2 connecting the drag blade 13 and the lift blade 35.

[0024] The lifting blade 35 is configured to drive the linkage rod 2 under the action of centrifugal force generated by rotation, so as to drive the resistance blade 13 to rotate from the deployed starting position to the retracted working position.

[0025] It is understandable that the starting position of the drag blade 13 refers to the fully deployed state of the drag blade 13 when the wind turbine is in standby, stationary or at low speed. This position is designed to maximize wind energy capture and provide initial torque for the wind turbine to start.

[0026] The working position of the drag blade 13 refers to the stable state reached after the drag blade 13 retracts when the wind turbine speed reaches a certain threshold. This position aims to minimize its interference with the airflow field and allow the lift blade 35 to dominate the operation.

[0027] In this application, during low-wind-speed startup, the drag blades 13 are fully deployed, providing a strong starting torque, which effectively solves the bottleneck of difficult startup for pure lift-type wind turbines. As the rotational speed increases, the drag blades 13 are automatically retracted using centrifugal force, causing them to cease operation. By retracting the drag blades 13, their obstruction of the mainstream wind field and turbulence interference can be eliminated, allowing the lift blades 35 to operate efficiently in clean airflow, thereby significantly improving the overall wind energy utilization coefficient (Cp) and power generation efficiency of the wind turbine.

[0028] In some embodiments, the lifting wheel assembly 3 includes an intermediate flange 31, a spring cylinder 32 disposed in the intermediate flange 31, an elastic element 38 pre-tightened in the spring cylinder 32, and a spring rod 37 slidably disposed in the spring cylinder 32 and connected to the lifting blade 35.

[0029] In this application, by combining the spring cylinder 32, spring rod 37, elastic element 38, and intermediate flange 31, the lift blade 35 can be elastically slid radially. This design converts centrifugal force into mechanical drive, providing a stable and reliable power source for adjusting the drag blade 13. Furthermore, the preload of the elastic element 38 allows the drag blade 13 to switch according to its rotational speed without external control. Moreover, the closed sliding structure formed by the spring cylinder 32, spring rod 37, elastic element 38, and intermediate flange 31 ensures smooth and reliable sliding operation, effectively resisting harsh conditions such as wind loads.

[0030] In some embodiments, the elastic element 38 includes a spring, wherein the spring is configured to provide a preload force to the spring rod 37 to cause it to contract radially.

[0031] In this application, the design of the preload spring enables the drag blades 13 to switch states according to the rotational speed. Specifically, the preload spring sets the speed threshold for the fan to switch from "start-up" to "high-efficiency operation" by providing a constant radial contraction force. This structure ensures that the drag blades 13 can stably deploy to provide starting force at low wind speeds and reliably retract at high speeds, achieving fully automatic and adaptive state switching.

[0032] In some embodiments, the lift wheel assembly 3 further includes a threaded sleeve 33 threadedly connected to the spring rod 37, and a T-block 40 connected to the threaded sleeve 33 and the lift blade 35 respectively.

[0033] One end of the linkage rod 2 is hinged to the resistance blade 13, and the other end is hinged to the threaded sleeve 33.

[0034] In this application, a reliable and adjustable connection between the lifting blade 35 and the linkage rod 2 is achieved through the combined design of the threaded sleeve 33 and the T-block 40. The threaded connection facilitates installation and maintenance, while hinged linkage rod 2 to threaded sleeve 33 converts the linear sliding of spring rod 37 into the rotational motion of resistance blade 13, forming a highly efficient and low-loss crank-slider transmission mechanism that ensures the accuracy and reliability of adjustment.

[0035] In some embodiments, the lift wheel assembly 3 further includes lift baffles 34 disposed at opposite ends of the lift blades 35.

[0036] In this application, lift baffles 34 are designed at both ends of the lift blade 35, which can effectively increase the wind-catching area and wind-facing efficiency of the lift blade 35. This structural design can ensure that after the drag blade 13 is retracted, the lift blade 35 can capture wind energy more fully, maintain the high-efficiency operation of the wind turbine, and effectively improve the power generation efficiency.

[0037] In some embodiments, the resistance wheel assembly 1 includes mounting plates 14 that are relatively parallel and spaced apart, and a plurality of support rods 12 evenly distributed between two of the mounting plates 14, wherein the resistance blades 13 are rotatably mounted on the support rods 12.

[0038] In this application, the mounting plate 14 and the support rod 12 form a rigid frame, providing stable and evenly distributed rotational support for the drag blades 13. This arrangement not only ensures the structural reliability of the drag blades 13 during frequent start-stop and rotation processes, but also ensures the synchronicity of the actions of multiple drag blades 13 through the evenly distributed support points, so as to maintain the balance and stability of the wind turbine operation.

[0039] In some embodiments, the resistance wheel assembly 1 further includes a limiting block 16 disposed on the resistance blade 13 and used to abut against the mounting plate 14. The linkage rod 2 is hinged to the resistance blade 13 via the limiting block 16.

[0040] In this application, by setting a limit stop 16, the final position of the drag blade 13 retracting can be precisely limited, ensuring that it will not retract excessively and interfere with the lift blade 35. In addition, as a reliable force-bearing point of the linkage rod 2, it can effectively prevent mechanical damage caused by overload and ensure the long-term safe and stable operation of the wind turbine.

[0041] In some embodiments, the resistance wheel assembly 1 further includes resistance baffles 15 disposed at opposite ends of the resistance blades 13.

[0042] In this application, by adding baffles to both ends of the drag blade 13, the effective windward area of ​​the drag blade 13 during startup can be significantly increased. This structural design can improve the wind capture efficiency and starting torque of the drag blade 13 at low wind speeds, ensuring that the wind turbine can start reliably.

[0043] In some embodiments, the drag wheel assembly 1 includes three drag blades 13 spaced apart circumferentially, the lift wheel assembly 3 includes three lift blades 35 spaced apart circumferentially, and the impeller assembly includes three linkage rods 2. The three drag blades 13 and the three lift blades 35 are arranged alternately circumferentially.

[0044] In this application, the above-mentioned configuration ensures balanced force distribution on the impeller assembly during rotation, improving operational stability and structural lifespan, as well as ensuring the ability to capture incoming air. Furthermore, this configuration also enables continuous and smooth transition of power output during startup and operation, avoiding torque fluctuations.

[0045] In summary, this invention proposes a composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift and drag blades, which enables the wind turbine to automatically retract the drag blades 13 during rotation. This reduces the turbulence caused by the drag blades 13 on the lift blades 35 while obtaining a larger starting torque, thereby achieving higher overall aerodynamic efficiency and improving the wind energy utilization rate of the wind turbine.

[0046] A second aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure provides a wind power generation system, the system comprising a composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift and drag blades as described above.

[0047] Specifically, this application discloses a composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift and drag blades, comprising a drag wheel assembly 1, a linkage rod 2, a lift wheel assembly 3, and a power generation device 4.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the drag wheel assembly 1, lift wheel assembly 3, and generator 4 are connected by flange bolts to prevent axial rotation between them. Both the lift wheel assembly 3 and the drag wheel assembly 1 have three sets of blades. In the three sets of lift blades 35 of the lift wheel assembly 3, the included angle between adjacent two lift blades 35 is set to 120°. In the three sets of drag blades 13 of the drag wheel assembly 1, the included angle between adjacent drag blades 13 is set to 120°, and the three drag blades 13 and three lift blades 35 are staggered circumferentially. This arrangement helps to increase the total wind-receiving area of ​​the blades, ensuring that the blades receive the same amount of wind per unit time, reducing wind interference between blades, making rotation more uniform, improving the conversion rate and stability of the wind turbine, and extending the service life of the generator.

[0049] like Figure 2As shown, the lifting blade 35 is connected to the intermediate flange 31 via the spring cylinder 32, spring rod 37, and mounting block 36 is welded to the spring cylinder 32 to ensure strength. The mounting block 36 is connected to the intermediate flange 31, and the T-block 40 is connected to the lifting blade 35 via bolts to ensure flexible assembly and disassembly. The spring cylinder end cap 39 is bolted to the spring cylinder 32, and its boss, in conjunction with the spring rod 37, provides a force-bearing point for the spring, allowing the spring rod 37 to automatically retract into the spring cylinder 32. The threaded sleeve 33 is threaded to the spring rod 37 and bolted to the T-block 40, allowing the lifting blade 35 and the intermediate flange 31 to slide elastically.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, support rods 12 are evenly distributed between mounting plates 14 to improve support strength and provide a rotation axis for the resistance wheel assembly 1. The resistance blade 13 is connected to the threaded sleeve 33 via a linkage rod 2. The threaded sleeve 33, spring rod 37, spring cylinder 32, mounting corner block 36, intermediate flange 31, resistance blade 13, and linkage rod 2 form a crank-slider mechanism with the threaded sleeve 33 as the slider and the spring cylinder 32 as the frame. The sliding of the threaded sleeve 33 along the spring cylinder 32 can drive the resistance blade 13 to rotate around the support rod 12 via the linkage rod 2.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, when the wind turbine is in standby mode, the spring rod 37 is retracted into the spring cylinder 32 under spring pressure, with its extension length at its minimum. The drag blades 13 are in the deployed state under the action of the linkage rod 2. At this time, the drag blades 13 are active, and the impeller assembly can be started even in a light breeze. The drag baffles 15 on both sides of the drag blades 13 can improve the wind capture efficiency. When the wind turbine rotates, as... Figure 5 During the process, the lift blade 35 is subjected to centrifugal force. When the rotational speed reaches a certain range, the centrifugal force exceeds the spring force, causing the spring rod 37 to extend outward. At the same time, the linkage rod 2 drives the drag blade 13 to retract inward. When the limit stop 16 on the drag blade 13 touches the mounting plate 14, it stops retracting, and the spring rod 37 also stops extending outward. At this time, the wind turbine has started, and the drag wheel assembly 1 also retracts and ceases to function, in order to reduce the aerodynamic interference of the drag wheel blades on the lift wheel blades.

[0052] The lifting blade 35 has a semi-open structure with lifting baffles 34 on both sides to effectively capture wind when the drag blade 13 is retracted. When the wind turbine speed decreases and the centrifugal force is lower than the spring force, the spring rod 37 will automatically retract under the action of the spring force, and the drag blade 13 will extend outward through the linkage rod 2 to prepare for the next wind capture.

[0053] In this application, on the one hand, the drag blade 13 is installed between two mounting plates 14 that are arranged at relatively intervals above and below by means of a support rod 12, so that it can rotate around the support rod 12, thereby realizing mechanical inward and outward expansion, so as to reduce the turbulence effect of the drag blade 13 when the wind turbine rotates at high speed.

[0054] Secondly, a limit stop 16 is installed on the resistance baffle 15, which can provide an installation point for the linkage rod 2, and at the same time prevent the resistance wheel assembly 1 from excessively retracting inward, causing the lift wheel assembly 3 to excessively extend outward, thus damaging the spring and wind turbine structure.

[0055] The connection method between the lifting blade 35 and the intermediate flange 31 via the connecting bushing can reduce the impact of spring force on the installation process.

[0056] Fourthly, both ends of the drag blade 13 and the lift blade 35 are equipped with drag baffles 15 and lift baffles 34, which can improve wind capture efficiency.

[0057] Fifthly, the alternating arrangement of drag blades 13 and lift blades 35 increases the windward surface of the wind turbine and improves the start-up efficiency in light winds.

[0058] This application adopts a purely mechanical structure, which enables the lift-drag composite vertical axis wind turbine to automatically adjust the extension and retraction of the drag blades according to the start-stop state. It retains the characteristics of traditional composite vertical axis wind turbines that start in a light breeze, while avoiding the aerodynamic interference of the drag component to the lift component, thereby improving the overall operating efficiency and structural stability of the wind turbine.

[0059] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of this disclosure, and this disclosure is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of this disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift-drag blades, characterized in that, include: A power generation device, and an impeller assembly that is driven to the power generation device; The impeller assembly includes a drag wheel assembly and a lift wheel assembly arranged coaxially. The drag wheel assembly includes at least one rotatable drag blade, and the lift wheel assembly includes at least one radially sliding lift blade. The impeller assembly also includes a linkage rod connecting the drag blade and the lift blade. The lifting blade is configured to drive the linkage rod under the action of centrifugal force generated by rotation, so as to drive the resistance blade to rotate from the deployed starting position to the retracted working position.

2. A composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift-drag blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting wheel assembly includes an intermediate flange, a spring cylinder disposed on the intermediate flange, an elastic element pre-tightened within the spring cylinder, and a spring rod slidably disposed within the spring cylinder and connected to the lifting blade.

3. A composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift-drag blades according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic element includes a spring, wherein the spring is configured to provide a preload force to the spring rod to cause it to contract radially.

4. A composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift-drag blades according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting wheel assembly also includes a threaded sleeve that is threadedly connected to the spring rod, and a T-block that is connected to the threaded sleeve and the lifting blade respectively; One end of the linkage rod is hinged to the resistance blade, and the other end is hinged to the threaded sleeve.

5. A composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift-drag blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting wheel assembly also includes lifting baffles disposed at opposite ends of the lifting blades.

6. A composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift-drag blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resistance wheel assembly includes mounting plates that are relatively parallel and spaced apart, and a plurality of support rods evenly distributed between the two mounting plates, wherein the resistance blades are rotatably mounted on the support rods.

7. A composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift-drag blades according to claim 6, characterized in that, The resistance wheel assembly further includes a limiting block disposed on the resistance blade and used to abut against the mounting plate; wherein the linkage rod is hinged to the resistance blade through the limiting block.

8. A composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift-drag blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drag wheel assembly also includes drag baffles disposed at opposite ends of the drag blades.

9. A composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift-drag blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drag wheel assembly includes three drag blades spaced apart circumferentially, the lift wheel assembly includes three lift blades spaced apart circumferentially, and the impeller assembly includes three linkage rods; wherein the three drag blades and the three lift blades are staggered circumferentially.

10. A wind power generation system, characterized in that, The system includes a composite vertical axis wind turbine with automatically adjustable lift blades as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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