Surveying and mapping positioning structure convenient to install and used for engineering surveying and mapping

Abstract

The invention discloses a surveying and mapping positioning structure convenient to install and used for engineering surveying and mapping, and belongs to the technical field of surveying and mapping instrument positioning devices. The device comprises a total station and a support, the total station is embedded in the top of the support and is detachably fixed, and the support comprises a base, an adjusting seat, a locking assembly, an externally-hung horizontal device, a protective shell and a plurality of equidistant supporting legs. The adjusting seat is fixed to the base, and the locking assembly comprises a bearing disc, a C-shaped ring with an opening and a locking ring. When the total station is embedded, the C-shaped ring is pushed to rotate and engage, and the locking ring is synchronously embedded and locked. Gravity linkage locking is adopted, assembly and disassembly can be achieved without bolts, and efficiency is improved; the single-drive multi-shaft adjusting mechanism can be independently or synchronously adjusted; the externally-hung horizontal device is matched with the adjusting mechanism to achieve automatic leveling, and does not depend on a horizontal assembly of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of surveying instrument positioning devices, and more specifically, it relates to a surveying positioning structure for engineering surveying that is easy to install. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of engineering surveying, total stations and levels, as core surveying equipment, are widely used in various engineering scenarios such as building construction, road paving, and topographic surveying. The stability of their positioning and the ease of installation directly determine the accuracy of surveying data and the efficiency of operations, which are key prerequisites for ensuring the quality of engineering construction. As engineering surveying develops towards higher efficiency and precision, existing surveying positioning structures are gradually becoming unable to meet the operational needs under complex working conditions, and there are many technical defects that urgently need to be addressed.

[0003] Currently, the connection between the support structure and surveying equipment (such as total stations) in engineering surveying positioning structures mostly adopts traditional fixing methods such as bolt fastening and threaded engagement. The operation steps are cumbersome, which not only consumes a lot of manpower and time, but also has extremely low disassembly and reinstallation efficiency when working in complex outdoor terrain, seriously affecting the overall surveying progress. At the same time, after long-term use, the bolts of traditional fixing structures are prone to loosening due to vibration and wear, causing the surveying equipment to shift, which in turn affects the accuracy of surveying data and even poses a safety hazard of equipment falling and being damaged.

[0004] Regarding horizontal adjustment, existing positioning structures rely heavily on the leveling bubble assembly built into the surveying equipment. This requires operators to manually adjust the support legs or leveling screws repeatedly. The judgment process is greatly affected by ambient light and human error, making it difficult to achieve high-precision leveling and easily leading to systematic deviations in subsequent surveying data. Some positioning structures with automatic leveling functions often use an adjustment method with multiple independently controlled motors. This results in complex structures, low integration, high manufacturing costs, high failure rates, and inconvenient maintenance, making them unsuitable for use in harsh outdoor working environments.

[0005] In addition, the existing positioning structure lacks an effective auxiliary positioning and protection mechanism. The surveying equipment lacks secondary locking protection after installation, and is prone to displacement under the action of external forces such as outdoor wind and vibration. At the same time, horizontal adjustment and equipment locking are mostly independent operations, which cannot achieve linkage and coordination, further reducing installation efficiency and positioning stability.

[0006] In response to the technical problems existing in the surveying and positioning structures in the above-mentioned fields, such as cumbersome installation, low leveling accuracy, poor stability, and low transfer efficiency, there is an urgent need to develop a simple, easy-to-operate, and accurate engineering surveying and positioning structure that is easy to install, so as to make up for the shortcomings of existing technologies and meet the needs of high efficiency and accuracy in engineering surveying and mapping operations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide an easy-to-install surveying and positioning structure for engineering surveying. Its locking device adopts a gravity-linked locking structure, eliminating the need for additional bolts or other fixing methods to complete the installation and disassembly of the equipment, effectively improving surveying work efficiency and site transfer efficiency. The adjustment mechanism adopts a single-drive multi-axis structure, enabling independent or synchronous adjustment of the adjustment rods at different positions through a single drive motor and an electromagnetic clutch. An external leveling device, in conjunction with the adjustment mechanism, allows the support to automatically adjust the level of the surveying device without relying on its built-in leveling components (such as a bubble level).

[0008] The aforementioned easy-to-install engineering surveying positioning structure includes a total station and a support. The total station is embedded in the top of the support and is detachably and fixedly connected to it. The support includes a base, an adjusting seat, a locking assembly, an external leveling device, a protective shell, and support legs. The adjusting seat is fixed to the top of the base and consists of a connecting plate and an adjusting mechanism. One end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the base, and one end of the adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. The other end protrudes away from the base and is movably connected to the locking assembly. The locking assembly includes a bearing plate, a C-ring, and a locking ring. One end of the bearing plate is movably connected to the adjusting mechanism. The C-ring has an opening on its side wall, and both the C-ring and the locking ring are movably connected to the bearing plate. The external leveling device is fixed to one side of the total station and wirelessly connected to the adjusting seat. The protective shell is fitted over the outside of the adjusting seat and the locking assembly, with one end fixedly connected to the base and the other end having an insertion opening that matches the bottom of the total station. Multiple legs are provided, equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the base. During the process of the total station's bottom being inserted into the adjusting seat through the insertion opening, it abuts against one end of the opening in the C-ring and pushes the C-ring to rotate, causing the other end of the opening in the C-ring to abut against the total station. At the same time, the locking ring rotates and engages with the C-ring.

[0009] Preferably, the surface of the bearing plate is provided with a plurality of annular holes adapted to the locking ring, and the C-shaped ring is embedded in the annular holes with its opening facing the axis of the bearing plate; wherein, one side of the C-shaped ring is provided with a locking groove that matches the locking ring.

[0010] Preferably, the locking ring is movably disposed on one side of the bearing plate, and its surface is provided with a plurality of locking holes that match the C-shaped ring, and the locking holes and locking grooves are engaged in a timely manner.

[0011] Preferably, the surface of the locking ring is further provided with a plurality of limiting holes located between adjacent locking holes, and a limiting rod is embedded in each limiting hole, with one end of the limiting rod passing through the limiting hole and fixedly connected to the bearing plate; wherein, the locking ring rotates axially along one side of the bearing plate by means of the cooperation between the limiting holes and the limiting rod.

[0012] Preferably, a secondary locking assembly is also fixed on one side of the locking ring, including a card seat, a fixing pin, and an elastic locking rod. The card seat is fixed between one of the locking holes and the limiting hole by the fixing pin. One end of the elastic locking rod is fixedly connected to the side of the card seat away from its axis, and the other end protrudes out of the protective shell and fits into the protective shell.

[0013] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a drive motor, a first bevel gear, a transmission assembly, and adjustment rods. The drive motor is fixed to the axial position on one side of the connecting plate and embedded in the base. Its power output end protrudes to the other side of the connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear. The transmission assembly has multiple sets and is fixed at equal intervals on one side of the connecting plate, with one end meshing with the first bevel gear. The number of adjustment rods matches the number of transmission assemblies. They are fixed at equal intervals on one side of the connecting plate near its edge, with one end meshing with the transmission assembly and the other end extending toward the locking ring and movably connected to the bearing plate.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a second bevel gear, a connecting rod, an electromagnetic clutch, and a worm gear. The electromagnetic clutch is fixed between the first bevel gear and the adjusting rod. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic clutch, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear, which meshes with the first bevel gear. One end of the worm gear is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic clutch, and the other end meshes with the adjusting rod.

[0015] Preferably, the adjusting rod includes a worm gear, a lead screw, and a lifting rod. The worm gear is disposed on one side of the transmission assembly and meshes with the worm. One end of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the worm gear and rotates synchronously with the worm gear. The other end of the lead screw is embedded in the lifting rod and meshes with the lifting rod. The end of the lifting rod away from the lead screw is provided with a ball head, and the ball head is movably connected to the bearing plate.

[0016] Preferably, the external leveling device includes a suspension frame and a main unit. The suspension frame is fitted into and fixedly connected to the total station. The main unit is fixed to one side of the suspension frame and wirelessly connected to the adjustment mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, the included angle of the C-ring, locking ring, transmission assembly, and adjusting rod is 120°.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The locking device adopts a gravity-linked locking structure, which can complete the installation and disassembly of the equipment without the need for additional bolts or other fixing methods, effectively improving the efficiency of surveying and mapping work and site transfer.

[0019] 2. The adjustment mechanism adopts a single-drive multi-axis structure, which can achieve independent or synchronous adjustment of the adjustment rods at different positions through a single drive motor cooperating with an electromagnetic clutch.

[0020] 3. The external leveling device, in conjunction with the adjustment mechanism, enables the support to automatically adjust the level of the surveying device without relying on the leveling components (such as the bubble level) built into the surveying device. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support frame of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the locking component of the present invention in an unlocked state; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the locking state of the locking component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the locking component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bearing disk of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the C-ring structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the secondary locking assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bracket of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the guide ring structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component structure of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the external horizontal device structure of the present invention; In the diagram, 1. Total station; 2. Support; 3. Base; 4. Adjustment seat; 41. Connecting plate; 42. Adjustment mechanism; 421. Drive motor; 422. First bevel gear; 423. Transmission assembly; 4231. Second bevel gear; 4232. Connecting rod; 4233. Electromagnetic clutch; 4234. Worm gear; 424. Adjustment rod; 4241. Worm wheel; 4242. Lead screw; 4243. Lifting rod; 4244. Ball head; 4245. Guide contact; 43. Control panel; 44. Battery; 45. Guide ring; 451. Guide hole; 5. Locking assembly; 51. Bearing. 52. Carrier plate; 521. C-ring; 522. Opening; 523. Locking groove; 524. Limiting plate; 53. Locking ring; 535. Locking hole; 536. Limiting hole; 537. Limiting rod; 538. Secondary locking assembly; 539. Card seat; 530. Fixing pin; 531. Elastic locking rod; 5372. Fixing rod; 5373. Telescopic rod; 54. Third tension spring; 55. Annular hole; 56. First tension spring; 57. Second tension spring; 58. Ball groove; 6. External horizontal device; 61. Suspension frame; 62. Main unit; 7. Protective shell; 71. T-slot; 8. Support leg. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: The directional terms used in the detailed description paragraphs are only for the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand the technical solutions described in this application based on the visual orientation shown in the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "setting," "installing," "connecting," etc., should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 13The invention relates to a surveying and positioning structure for engineering surveying that is easy to install. The structure includes a total station 1 and a support 2. The total station 1 is embedded in the top of the support 2 and is detachably and fixedly connected to it. The support 2 includes a base 3, an adjusting seat 4, a locking assembly 5, an external leveling device 6, a protective shell 7, and support legs 8. The adjusting seat 4 is fixed to the top of the base 3 and consists of a connecting plate 41 and an adjusting mechanism 42. One end of the connecting plate 41 is fixedly connected to the base 3, and one end of the adjusting mechanism 42 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 41. The other end of the adjusting mechanism 42 protrudes away from the base 3 and is movably connected to the locking assembly 5. The locking assembly 5 includes a bearing plate 51, a C-ring 52, and a locking ring 53. One end of the bearing plate 51 is movably connected to the adjusting mechanism 42. The C-ring 52 has an opening 521 on its side wall, and both the C-ring 52 and the locking ring 53 are movably connected to the bearing plate 51. The external horizontal device 6 is fixed to one side of the total station 1 and wirelessly connected to the adjusting seat 4. The protective shell 7 is sleeved on the outside of the adjusting seat 4 and the locking assembly 5, with one end fixedly connected to the base 3 and the other end having an insertion opening that matches the bottom of the total station 1. There are multiple legs 8, which are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the base 3. During the process of the bottom of the total station 1 being inserted into the adjusting seat 4 through the insertion opening, it abuts against one end of the opening 521 of the C-ring 52 and pushes the C-ring 52 to rotate, so that the other end of the opening 521 of the C-ring 52 abuts against the total station 1, while the locking ring 53 rotates and engages with the C-ring 52.

[0024] Optionally, the side wall of the protective shell 7 is provided with a T-shaped groove 71 that is rotated 90°, and the transverse groove diameter of the T-shaped groove 71 is smaller than the longitudinal groove diameter.

[0025] like Figures 3 to 7As shown, the surface of the support plate 51 is provided with multiple annular holes 54 that are adapted to the locking ring 53. A C-shaped ring 52 is embedded in the annular hole 54, with its opening 521 facing the axial direction of the support plate 51. One side of the C-shaped ring 52 is provided with a locking groove 522 that matches the locking ring 53. Thus, the C-shaped ring 52 is embedded in the annular hole 54 and rotates coaxially along the annular hole 54, with its opening 521 facing the axial direction of the support plate 51. When the total station 1 or other surveying equipment is not installed, the lower end of the opening 521 of the C-shaped ring 52 protrudes to the top of the support plate 51. During the installation of the total station 1 or other surveying equipment, the bottom of the base 3 of the total station 1 abuts against the lower end of the opening 521 of the C-shaped ring 52. As the surveying device descends, the C-ring 52 is forced to rotate along the annular hole 54. When the bottom of the surveying device is fully in contact with the surface of the support plate 51, the lower end of the opening 521 of the C-ring 52 is fully embedded in the annular hole 54, while the upper end of the opening 521 of the C-ring 52 abuts against the top of the base of the surveying device, thus forming a locking and fixing of the base of the surveying device through the C-ring 52. At the same time as the C-ring 52 completes the locking and fixing, the locking ring 53 rotates on its own and embeds into the locking groove 522 provided in the C-ring 52, thereby locking the C-ring 52 and preventing the C-ring 52 from rotating in the opposite direction. With the cooperation of the C-ring 52 and the locking ring 53, the surveying device is locked, preventing the surveying device from shifting or detaching from the support 2, thus ensuring the stability of the surveying device and the accuracy of the surveying data.

[0026] Optionally, the bottom of the support plate 51 is provided with a plurality of first tension springs 55, the number of which is the same as the number of C-rings 52. One end of the first tension spring 55 is fixedly connected to the C-ring 52, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate 51. In this way, by providing first tension springs 55 at the bottom of the support plate 51 and the C-ring 52, when the support 2 is not equipped with a surveying device, the tension of the first tension springs 55 themselves can ensure that the lower end of the opening 521 of the C-ring 52 always protrudes to the surface of the support plate 51, ensuring that the surveying device such as the total station 1 can contact the lower end of the opening 521 of the C-ring 52 when it is installed. On the other hand, it can also ensure that the upper end of the opening 521 of the C-ring 52 can avoid the installation path of the surveying device, thus avoiding obstruction to the installation of the surveying device.

[0027] Optionally, the outer wall of the C-ring 52 is provided with symmetrical limiting plates 523. In this way, the rotation of the C-ring 52 can be limited by the limiting plates 523, so as to prevent the C-ring 52 from rotating excessively under the action of the first tension spring 55.

[0028] Optionally, the bottom of the support plate 51 is provided with a plurality of ball grooves 57 that match the adjustment mechanism 42.

[0029] like Figures 3 to 7As shown, the locking ring 53 is movably disposed on one side of the bearing plate 51, and its surface is provided with a plurality of locking holes 531 that match the C-shaped ring 52, and the locking holes 531 and the locking groove 522 are engaged in a timely manner. Thus, the locking hole 531 is fitted onto the outside of the C-ring 52, and its cross-sectional width is the same as the width of the locking groove 522. Before the surveying device is installed, the locking groove 522 is hidden inside the annular hole 54, and the locking hole 531 cannot be fitted into the locking groove 522. At this time, one end of the locking hole 531 is in contact with the side wall of the C-ring 52. When the surveying device is installed, the locking groove 522 is exposed outside the bearing plate 51 as the C-ring 52 rotates. When the locking groove 522 coincides with the locking hole 531, the locking ring 53 rotates by itself, so that the locking hole 531 is embedded into the locking groove 522, thereby completing the locking of the C-ring 52 and preventing the C-ring 52 from rotating in the opposite direction.

[0030] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the surface of the locking ring 53 is also provided with multiple limiting holes 532, located between adjacent locking holes 531. Each limiting hole 532 contains a limiting rod 533, and one end of the limiting rod 533 passes through the limiting hole 532 and is fixedly connected to the support plate 51. The locking ring 53 rotates axially along one side of the support plate 51 by means of the cooperation between the limiting holes 532 and the limiting rod 533. In this way, through the cooperation between the limiting holes 532 and the limiting rod 533, the locking ring 53 can be limited without affecting its rotation, thus preventing the locking ring 53 from detaching from the support plate 51.

[0031] Optionally, a second tension spring 56 is fixed to the top of part of the limiting rod 533, and the other end of the second tension spring 56 is fixedly connected to the top of the locking ring 53. In this way, the tension of the second tension spring 56 itself can drive the locking ring 53 to rotate, so that when the locking hole 531 coincides with the locking groove 522, the locking ring 53 can rotate on its own, so that the locking hole 531 is embedded in the locking groove 522.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, a secondary locking assembly 534 is also fixed to one side of the locking ring 53, including a card holder 535, a fixing pin 536, and an elastic locking rod 537. The card holder 535 is fixed between one of the locking holes 531 and the limiting hole 532 by the fixing pin 536. One end of the elastic locking rod 537 is fixedly connected to the side of the card holder 535 away from its axis, and the other end protrudes out of the protective shell 7 and fits into the protective shell 7. In this way, the elastic locking rod 537 can rotate synchronously with the locking ring 53 under the cooperation of the card holder 535 and the fixing pin 536, and move along the T-slot 71.

[0033] Optionally, the elastic locking rod 537 includes a fixed rod 5371, a telescopic rod 5372, and a third tension spring 5373. One end of the fixed rod 5371 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the card seat 535, and the other end is embedded in the telescopic rod 5372. The third tension spring 5373 is embedded in the telescopic rod 5372, with one end fixedly connected to the end of the fixed rod 5371 and the other end fixedly connected to the end of the inner wall of the telescopic rod 5372. The radial cross-sectional width of the fixed rod 5371 matches the transverse groove width of the T-shaped groove 71, and the radial cross-sectional width of the telescopic rod 5372 matches the longitudinal groove width of the T-shaped groove 71. Thus, under the tension of the third tension spring 5373, the telescopic rod 5372 can elastically slide against the fixed rod 5371. In the initial state, when the locking hole 531 is not engaged with the locking groove 522, the telescopic rod 5372 is stretched outwards from the protective shell 7, causing the fixing rod 5371 to be embedded in the transverse groove of the T-shaped groove 71, while the bottom of the telescopic rod 5372 abuts against the edge of the transverse groove of the T-shaped groove 71; during the rotation of the locking ring 53, its fixing rod 5371 and telescopic rod 5372 move synchronously along the transverse groove of the T-shaped groove 71, and while the locking hole 531 is engaged with the locking groove 522, the fixing rod... 5371 and telescopic rod 5372 rotate to the longitudinal groove position of T-shaped groove 71. At this time, under the action of the third tension spring 5373, telescopic rod 5372 moves towards fixed rod 5371 and is embedded in the longitudinal groove of T-shaped groove 71. Since the radial section diameter of telescopic rod 5372 is larger than the transverse groove diameter of T-shaped groove 71, telescopic rod 5372 cannot move towards the transverse groove, thus restricting the rotation of locking ring 53 and preventing locking ring 53 from rotating in the opposite direction.

[0034] Optionally, to unlock the locking ring 53, simply pull the telescopic rod 5372 toward the outer wall of the protective shell 7, so that the bottom of the telescopic rod 5372 leaves the longitudinal groove of the T-shaped groove 71, thus unlocking the locking ring 53; at this time, rotate the telescopic rod 5372 toward the transverse groove of the T-shaped groove 71, so that the fixing rod 5371 is embedded in the transverse groove of the T-shaped groove 71, thus unlocking the C-ring 52; lift the surveying device, and as the downward pressure of the surveying device on the lower end of the opening 521 of the C-ring 52 disappears, the C-ring 52 rotates in the opposite direction under the action of the first tension spring 55, automatically releasing the engagement and fixation of the surveying device.

[0035] like Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the adjustment mechanism 42 includes a drive motor 421, a first bevel gear 422, a transmission assembly 423, and an adjustment rod 424. The drive motor 421 is fixed to the axial position on one side of the connecting plate 41 and embedded in the base 3. Its power output end protrudes to the other side of the connecting plate 41 and is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear 422. The transmission assembly 423 is provided in multiple sets and is fixed at equal intervals on one side of the connecting plate 41. One end of the transmission assembly 423 meshes with the first bevel gear 422. The number of adjustment rods 424 matches the number of transmission assemblies 423. They are fixed at equal intervals on one side of the connecting plate 41 near its edge. One end of the adjustment rod 424 meshes with the transmission assembly 423, and the other end extends toward the locking ring 53 and is movably connected to the bearing plate 51. In this way, the transmission components 423 set in different directions are all meshed with the first bevel gear 422, realizing that a single drive motor 421 can drive the transmission components 423 in different positions at the same time. Compared with the traditional automatic adjustment mechanism 42, the structure of this application improves the integration of the adjustment mechanism 42.

[0036] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism 42 further includes a control board 43 and a battery 44, which are sequentially embedded in the bottom of the base 3. The control board 43, battery 44, drive motor 421, and transmission assembly 423 are wired together. At the same time, the control board 43 is also wirelessly connected (Bluetooth) to the external leveling device 6.

[0037] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 12 As shown, the transmission assembly 423 includes a second bevel gear 4231, a connecting rod 4232, an electromagnetic clutch 4233, and a worm gear 4234. The electromagnetic clutch 4233 is fixed between the first bevel gear 422 and the adjusting rod 424. One end of the connecting rod 4232 is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic clutch 4233, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 4231, with the second bevel gear 4231 meshing with the first bevel gear 422. One end of the worm gear 4234 is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic clutch 4233, and the other end meshes with the adjusting rod 424. Thus, by disengaging the electromagnetic clutch 4233, the drive motor 421 can independently or in conjunction drive different transmission assemblies 423.

[0038] Optionally, when the drive unit 421 needs to drive one of the transmission components 423, the other two transmission components are disconnected from the power input via the electromagnetic clutch 4233, thereby achieving single drive of the transmission component 423; when the drive unit 421 needs to drive two of the transmission components synchronously, the remaining transmission component 423 is disconnected from the power input via the electromagnetic clutch 4233, thereby achieving synchronous drive of the two transmission components 423; when the drive unit 421 needs to drive one of the transmission components in reverse, the other two transmission components 423 are disconnected via the electromagnetic clutch 4233, the drive unit 421 reverses, and drives the transmission component 423 to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0039] like Figure 12 As shown, the adjusting rod 424 includes a worm gear 4241, a lead screw 4242, and a lifting rod 4243. The worm gear 4241 is located on one side of the transmission assembly 423 and meshes with the worm 4234. One end of the lead screw 4242 is fixedly connected to the worm gear 4241 and rotates synchronously with the worm gear 4241. The other end of the lead screw 4242 is embedded in the lifting rod 4243 and meshes with it. The end of the lifting rod 4243 away from the lead screw 4242 is provided with a ball head 4244, which is embedded in the ball groove 57 at the bottom of the bearing plate 51 and is movably connected to the ball groove 57. In this way, the meshing of the worm gear 4241 and the worm 4234 realizes the conversion of the power input direction of the drive motor 421; at the same time, the synchronous rotation of the lead screw 4242 and the worm gear 4241 drives the lifting rod 4243 to rise or fall.

[0040] Optionally, as the lifting rod 4243 rises or falls at different positions, the tilt of the bearing plate 51 can be adjusted, thereby achieving leveling of the bearing plate 51.

[0041] like Figure 11 As shown, the adjusting rod 424 also includes a guide ring 45, the side wall of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 7, and the surface is drilled with a guide hole 451 that matches the lifting rod 4243; Optionally, the lifting rod 4243 is embedded in the guide hole 451, and the outer wall of the lifting rod 4243 is provided with a guide protrusion 4245 that matches the guide hole 451.

[0042] like Figure 13 As shown, the external leveling device 6 includes a suspension frame 61 and a main unit 62. The suspension frame 61 is fitted into and fixedly connected to the total station 1. The main unit 62 is fixed to one side of the suspension frame 61 and wirelessly connected to the adjustment mechanism 42. In this way, the main unit 62 of the external leveling device 6 can acquire the tilt status of the total station 1 and other surveying devices in real time, and transmit the tilt status of the surveying devices wirelessly (Bluetooth) to the control board 43. After the control board 43 processes the tilt status information, it controls the adjustment mechanism 42 to perform corresponding actions.

[0043] Optionally, the host 62 may contain a communication module, an industrial-grade level sensor (including but not limited to SCA103T, ADXL345, etc.), and a battery cell. The communication module, industrial-grade level sensor, and battery cell are all existing technologies, and their structure, operation, and working principle will not be described in detail here.

[0044] Preferably, the included angles of the C-ring 52, locking ring 53, transmission assembly 423, and adjusting rod 424 are all 120°. Thus, the included angles of the above structures are 120°, forming a triangle, to meet the requirements for both the fixing strength and adjustability of the total station 1 and other surveying devices.

[0045] Finally, although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A surveying and positioning structure for engineering surveying that is easy to install, comprising a total station (1) and a support (2), wherein the total station (1) is embedded in the top of the support (2) and is detachably and fixedly connected to the support (2), characterized in that: The bracket (2) includes a base (3), an adjusting seat (4), a locking assembly (5), an external leveling device (6), a protective shell (7), and support legs (8). The adjusting seat (4) is fixed to the top of the base (3) and consists of a connecting plate (41) and an adjusting mechanism (42). One end of the connecting plate (41) is fixedly connected to the base (3), and one end of the adjusting mechanism (42) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (41). The other end of the adjusting mechanism (42) protrudes away from the base (3) and is movably connected to the locking assembly (5). The locking assembly (5) includes a bearing plate (51), a C-ring (52), and a locking ring (53). One end of the bearing plate (51) is movably connected to the adjusting mechanism (42). The side wall of the C-ring (52) has an opening (521), and the C-ring (52) and the locking ring (53) are connected to each other. 53) All are movably connected to the bearing plate (51); the external horizontal device (6) is fixed to one side of the total station (1) and wirelessly connected to the adjustment seat (4); the protective shell (7) is sleeved on the outside of the adjustment seat (4) and the locking component (5), one end of the protective shell (7) is fixedly connected to the base (3), and the other end is provided with an embedding hole that matches the bottom of the total station (1); the support legs (8) are provided in multiple rows, equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the base (3); during the process of the bottom of the total station (1) being embedded into the adjustment seat (4) through the embedding hole, it abuts against one end of the opening (521) of the C-ring (52) and pushes the C-ring (52) to rotate, so that the other end of the opening (521) of the C-ring (52) abuts against the bottom side wall of the total station (1), and at the same time the locking ring (53) rotates and engages with the C-ring (52).

2. The surveying and positioning structure for engineering surveying that is easy to install according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the bearing plate (51) is provided with a plurality of annular holes (54) that are adapted to the locking ring (53), and the C-shaped ring (52) is embedded in the annular hole (54) with the opening (521) facing the axis of the bearing plate (51); wherein, one side of the C-shaped ring (52) is provided with a locking groove (522) that matches the locking ring (53).

3. The surveying and positioning structure for engineering surveying that is easy to install according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking ring (53) is movably disposed on one side of the bearing plate (51), and its surface is provided with a plurality of locking holes (531) that match the C-shaped ring (52), and the locking holes (531) and locking grooves (522) are engaged in a timely manner.

4. The easily installable engineering surveying positioning structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the locking ring (53) is also provided with a plurality of limiting holes (532), which are located between adjacent locking holes (531). Each limiting hole (532) is fitted with a limiting rod (533), and one end of the limiting rod (533) passes through the limiting hole (532) and is fixedly connected to the bearing plate (51). The locking ring (53) rotates axially along one side of the bearing plate (51) by relying on the cooperation of the limiting hole (532) and the limiting rod (533).

5. The easily installable engineering surveying positioning structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A secondary locking assembly (534) is also fixed on one side of the locking ring (53), including a card seat (535), a fixing pin (536), and an elastic locking rod (537). The card seat (535) is fixed between one of the locking holes (531) and the limiting hole (532) by the fixing pin (536). One end of the elastic locking rod (537) is fixedly connected to the side of the card seat (535) away from its axis, and the other end protrudes out of the protective shell (7) and fits into the protective shell (7).

6. The surveying and positioning structure for engineering surveying that is easy to install according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (42) includes a drive motor (421), a first bevel gear (422), a transmission assembly (423), and an adjustment rod (424). The drive motor (421) is fixed to the center of one side of the connecting plate (41) and embedded in the base (3). Its power output end protrudes to the other side of the connecting plate (41) and is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear (422). The transmission assembly (423) is provided in multiple sets and is fixed at equal intervals to one side of the connecting plate (41). One end of the transmission assembly (423) meshes with the first bevel gear (422). The number of adjustment rods (424) matches the number of transmission assemblies (423). They are fixed at equal intervals to one side of the connecting plate (41) near its edge. One end of the adjustment rod (424) meshes with the transmission assembly (423), and the other end extends toward the locking ring (53) and is movably connected to the bearing plate (51).

7. A surveying and positioning structure for engineering surveying that is easy to install according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (423) includes a second bevel gear (4231), a connecting rod (4232), an electromagnetic clutch (4233), and a worm gear (4234). The electromagnetic clutch (4233) is fixed between the first bevel gear (422) and the adjusting rod (424). One end of the connecting rod (4232) is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic clutch (4233), and the other end is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (4231), and the second bevel gear (4231) meshes with the first bevel gear (422). One end of the worm gear (4234) is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic clutch (4233), and the other end meshes with the adjusting rod (424).

8. A surveying and positioning structure for engineering surveying that is easy to install according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjusting rod (424) includes a worm gear (4241), a lead screw (4242), and a lifting rod (4243). The worm gear (4241) is located on one side of the transmission assembly (423) and meshes with the worm (4234). One end of the lead screw (4242) is fixedly connected to the worm gear (4241) and rotates synchronously with the worm gear (4241). The other end of the lead screw (4242) is embedded in the lifting rod (4243) and meshes with the lifting rod (4243). The end of the lifting rod (4243) away from the lead screw (4242) is provided with a ball head (4244), and the ball head (4244) is movably connected to the bearing plate (51).

9. A surveying and positioning structure for engineering surveying that is easy to install according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external horizontal device (6) includes a suspension frame (61) and a main unit (62). The suspension frame (61) is fitted into and fixedly connected to the total station (1). The main unit (62) is fixed to one side of the suspension frame (61) and wirelessly connected to the adjustment mechanism (42).

10. A surveying and positioning structure for engineering surveying that is easy to install according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The included angles of the C-ring (52), locking ring (53), transmission assembly (423), and adjusting rod (424) are all 120°.

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