Three-stage ignition gas production type oil and gas well tool acting action igniter

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-stage ignition gas production type oil and gas well tool acting action igniter, and relates to an igniter for an oil and gas well, and an initial ignition source consisting of a resistor (2) and ignition powder (3) is packaged in an igniter shell (4). The contact electrode penetrating through the center of the shell and the shell electrode are connected with the two electrodes of the resistor (2) respectively, and when a cable applies detonation current to the contact electrode and the shell, the resistor (2) emits heat and burns to ignite the peripheral ignition powder (3) to complete the primary ignition function. After a main combustion grain (12) is pushed into an outer shell (9), a first-stage igniter, a pressing cap (1), a second-stage starting grain (5), a clamping spring (6) and an O-shaped sealing ring (7) are installed in an inner shell (8) to serve as an ignition device, the igniter can be reliably ignited under the high well temperature and high hydraulic pressure environment through staged ignition, the combustion process can be controlled within a stable and controllable range, and the ignition efficiency is improved. And stable high-pressure gas is generated to push the piston, so that the work action of the tool is safely and reliably completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an oil and gas well igniter, and more particularly to a three-stage ignition gas-producing oil and gas well tool power-operating igniter. Background Technology

[0002] Downhole operations such as bridge plug setting and casing patching are critical technological steps in oil and gas well operations, and their reliability directly affects the success or failure of the operation. These downhole tools typically require an internal power source to drive the piston and generate a large setting force to release the piston. Traditional power sources are mostly gunpowder-driven, which has the following disadvantages: 1. Reliability issues: In deep, ultra-deep, or high-temperature wells, the environment is harsh, and a single ignition structure and main charge may fail due to insufficient pressure, temperature, or ignition energy, resulting in failures such as flameout or incomplete combustion.

[0003] 2. Safety issues: If the main charge is directly ignited, the burning speed may be too fast, which may produce detonation or violent pressure impact, causing damage to the precision components inside the tool (such as locking rings and slips), or even causing the tool to fail prematurely.

[0004] 3. Poor energy output stability: Traditional designs have steep output pressure curves and insufficient stability, which is not conducive to the smooth and uniform movement of the piston, affecting the setting or release effect.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ignition device with a more reliable combustion sequence, more stable energy release, and greater adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-stage ignition gas-producing oil and gas well tool working action igniter. This igniter ensures reliable ignition even in high well temperature and high hydraulic pressure environments through staged ignition, and can control the combustion process within a stable and controllable range, generating stable high-pressure gas to push the piston and safely and reliably complete the tool working action.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A three-stage ignition gas-producing oil and gas well tool operating igniter, the igniter including a bridge plug setting tool or a casing patching tool, integrated with a three-stage oil and gas well operating igniter, the igniter generates high-pressure gas to drive the piston movement of the tool, and can safely release pressure after the operation is completed. The igniter housing encapsulates an initial ignition source consisting of a resistor and ignition propellant. A contact electrode penetrating the center of the housing is connected to the two poles of the resistor, and the housing electrode is connected to the two poles of the housing. The ignition process is as follows: when an initiating current is applied to the contact electrode and the housing via a cable, the resistor heats up and ignites the surrounding ignition propellant, completing the first-stage ignition. The upper end of the first-stage igniter is secured to the inner housing via a threaded connection using a pressure cap. A cylindrical secondary ignition propellant column is installed at the lower end of the inner housing. A retaining spring is installed in the internal rectangular groove of the inner housing. The inner housing is then fitted with an outer O-shaped sleeve. The sealing ring is installed inside the outer shell; the fast-ignition propellant is cast inside the three-stage main combustion propellant and is installed as a whole in the inner cavity of the outer shell, and a pressure relief body is installed on the outside of the outer shell; when the first-stage igniter ignites the second-stage ignition propellant as the initial source, the second-stage flame quickly penetrates and ignites the fast-ignition propellant at the upper end of the three-stage main combustion propellant, and then the fast-ignition propellant ignites the slow-burning propellant at the lower end. The three-stage main combustion propellant stably burns and produces gas, and the gas pushes the lower-stage piston device to complete the designed action. After the action is completed, the pressure relief body is opened before disassembly for safe pressure relief.

[0008] The aforementioned three-stage ignition gas-producing oil and gas well tool's working action igniter, wherein the first-stage igniter includes a resistor and an ignition charge.

[0009] The aforementioned three-stage ignition gas-producing oil and gas well tool's working action igniter has a combustion rate of higher than that of the secondary ignition charge and the fast-ignition charge.

[0010] The aforementioned three-stage ignition gas-producing oil and gas well tool's operating igniter comprises a three-stage main combustion charge consisting of a high-volume, low-burning-rate, and low-burning-temperature gas generator, producing clean, stable, and high-pressure gas during combustion. A single or multiple fast-ignition charge is added to the upper end of the three-stage main combustion charge. The entire assembly is cast using a casting process to achieve constant-surface combustion with an effective combustion area, ensuring stable gas production pressure. The effective combustion charge length guarantees that the gas production pressure meets the operating requirements.

[0011] The aforementioned three-stage ignition gas-producing oil and gas well tool's working action igniter includes a pressure cap, a resistor, an ignition charge, an igniter shell, a secondary ignition charge, a retaining ring, an O-ring, an inner shell, an outer shell, a fast-burning ignition charge, a pressure relief body, and a tertiary main combustion charge.

[0012] The advantages and effects of this invention are: 1. The invention has extremely high reliability: the three-stage progressive design (ignition → ignition → main combustion) ensures that even in harsh downhole environments, the ignition sequence can be amplified step by step to reliably ignite the main charge, avoiding the flameout problem that may occur with a single structure.

[0013] 2. The energy release of this invention is stable and controllable: By selecting a main combustion propellant with a low combustion rate, the gas production rate and pressure rise rate can be effectively controlled, resulting in a stable pressure curve, avoiding excessively high pressure peaks or impacts, protecting the internal structure of the tool, and making the piston movement more stable.

[0014] 3. This invention offers high safety: The three-stage packaging design reduces the risk of accidental direct detonation of sensitive agents. The mild combustion characteristics of the main propellant also enhance the inherent safety during transportation, storage, and use.

[0015] 4. This invention has wide adaptability: By adjusting the formulation and dosage of the secondary and tertiary propellant columns, it can be flexibly matched with bridge plugs or auxiliary tools of different sizes and different setting pressure requirements, making it highly versatile. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-stage oil and gas well actuation igniter of the present invention.

[0017] Components in the diagram: 1-Pressure cap; 2-Resistor; 3-Ignition charge; 4-Ignition device housing; 5-Secondary ignition charge; 6-Snap ring; 7-Sealing ring; 8-Inner housing; 9-Outer housing; 10-Fast-burning ignition charge; 11-Pressure relief body; 12-Third-stage main combustion charge. Detailed Implementation

[0018] As shown in the figure, the structural scheme and working process of the present invention will be further explained below with reference to examples.

[0019] The primary igniter is an initial ignition source consisting of a resistor 2 and an ignition charge 3 encapsulated inside the igniter housing 4. The resistor 2 is connected to the housing electrodes via a contact electrode penetrating the center of the housing. When an initiation current is applied to the contact electrode and the housing via a cable, the resistor 2 heats up and ignites the surrounding ignition charge 3, completing the primary ignition function. The upper end of the primary igniter is threadedly fastened to the inner housing 8 by a pressure cap 1. A cylindrical secondary ignition charge 5 is installed at the lower end of the inner housing 8. A retaining ring 6 is installed in the built-in rectangular groove of the inner housing 8. The inner housing 8 is then fitted with an O-ring seal 7 and installed inside the outer housing 9. The fast-burning ignition charge 10 is cast within the tertiary main combustion charge 12 and is integrally installed within the inner cavity of the outer housing 9. A pressure relief body 11 is installed on the outer side of the outer housing 9. When the primary igniter ignites the secondary ignition charge 5 as the initial source, the secondary flame quickly penetrates and ignites the fast-burning ignition charge 10 at the upper end of the tertiary main combustion charge 12. Then, the fast-burning ignition charge 10 ignites the slow-burning charge at the lower end. The tertiary main combustion charge 12 burns stably and produces gas. The gas pushes the lower piston device to complete the designed action. After the action is completed, the pressure relief body 11 is opened before disassembly for safe pressure relief.

[0020] After the main combustion charge 12 is pushed into the outer shell 9, the primary igniter, pressure cap 1, secondary ignition charge 5, retaining spring 6 and O-ring 7 are installed in the inner shell 8 as ignition devices and screwed into the outer shell 9 by threads. The above operations complete the overall assembly of the present invention.

[0021] The present invention provides an igniter for oil and gas wells, comprising an inner shell, an outer shell, a pressure cap, a primary igniter, a secondary ignition charge, a tertiary main combustion charge, and a sealing ring.

[0022] Inner shell: It is a high-pressure resistant cylinder with open ends, made of alloy steel, with rectangular grooves and connecting threads on the outer surface, serving as the primary ignition chamber for the primary igniter to ignite the secondary ignition charge.

[0023] Outer shell: It is a high-pressure resistant cylinder with open ends, made of alloy steel, with rectangular grooves and connecting threads on the outer surface, which serve as joints connecting the inner shell and the three-stage propellant, and has a main combustion ignition chamber.

[0024] Pressure cap: It is connected to the upper opening end of the inner housing by thread and its function is to fix the primary igniter to the ignition chamber of the inner housing.

[0025] Primary igniter: Fixedly installed at the upper end of the inner housing. The primary igniter includes a metal shell as one electrode, a metal contact penetrating the metal shell as another electrode, a resistor connected between the two electrodes, and ignition powder (such as black powder) filling the metal shell. The primary igniter is connected to the downhole cable.

[0026] Secondary ignition charge: Installed inside the inner housing, close to the bottom of the primary igniter. The secondary ignition charge is made of a propellant with a fast combustion rate and moderate sensitivity (such as a mixture of RDX, octogen / HMX and a binder), and its function is to amplify the ignition energy of the primary igniter.

[0027] The third-stage main combustion charge is press-fitted into the outer casing and located below the second-stage ignition charge. The third-stage main combustion charge is made of a high-volume, low-burning-rate, low-burning-temperature gas generator (such as a mixture of guanidine nitrate and basic copper nitrate), and its function is to generate a large amount of clean, stable, high-pressure gas.

[0028] The upper part of the three-stage main combustion charge uses a single or multiple fast-ignition charge, and the whole is cast in place to achieve constant surface combustion with an effective combustion area, ensuring the stability of the gas production pressure; the effective combustion charge length ensures that the gas production pressure meets the actuation requirements.

[0029] Working principle of the invention: During operation, connect the actuator igniter to the tool's power chamber. After the cable is energized, the primary igniter acts as the initial source, igniting the secondary ignition charge. The secondary flame quickly penetrates and ignites the tertiary main combustion charge. The tertiary main combustion charge burns stably, producing gas that drives the lower-stage piston device to complete its operation.

[0030] The ground control system sends ignition current to the primary igniter via cable. The current flows through a resistor, causing it to incandescent and ignite the surrounding propellant. The propellant produces a flame and particles of a certain flame length, reliably igniting the secondary ignition charge. The secondary ignition charge burns rapidly, generating sufficient pressure and flame intensity to overcome the bottom hole pressure and effectively ignite the tertiary main combustion charge. After ignition, the tertiary main combustion charge undergoes a slow combustion reaction, producing a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas. This gas accumulates pressure within the sealed casing; when the pressure reaches a certain value, it drives the piston inside the tool to perform mechanical work, ultimately completing the setting or release action.

Claims

1. A three-stage ignition gas-producing oil and gas well tool's working action igniter, characterized in that, The igniter is a three-stage oil and gas well actuation igniter. This igniter generates high-pressure gas to drive the piston of the tool. After the operation is completed, the pressure is safely released. The igniter shell (4) is encapsulated with an initial ignition source consisting of a resistor (2) and ignition charge (3). The two poles of the resistor (2) are connected by a contact electrode that passes through the center of the shell and the shell electrode, respectively. The ignition process is as follows: when the cable applies an initiation current to the contact electrode and the shell, the resistor (2) heats up and burns to ignite the surrounding ignition charge (3) to complete the first stage ignition. The upper end of the first stage igniter is fastened to the inner shell (8) by a pressure cap (1) through a threaded connection. The lower end of the inner shell (8) is equipped with a cylindrical secondary ignition charge (5). A retaining ring (6) is installed on the inner shell. (8) The inner shell (8) is fitted with an O-ring (7) and then installed inside the outer shell (9); the fast-ignition ignition column (10) is cast inside the three-stage main combustion column (12) and is installed as a whole in the inner cavity of the outer shell (9); the pressure relief body (11) is installed on the outside of the outer shell (9); when the first-stage igniter ignites the second-stage ignition column (5) as the initial source, the second-stage flame quickly penetrates and ignites the fast-ignition ignition column (10) at the upper end of the three-stage main combustion column (12), and then the fast-ignition ignition column (10) ignites the slow-burning powder at the lower end. The three-stage main combustion column (12) burns stably and produces gas. The gas pushes the lower piston device to complete the designed action. After the action is completed, the pressure relief body (11) is opened before disassembly to safely relieve pressure.

2. The three-stage ignition gas-producing oil and gas well tool's power-operating igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary igniter includes a resistor (2) and an ignition charge (3).

3. The three-stage ignition gas-producing oil and gas well tool's power-operating igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion speed of the secondary ignition charge (5) and the fast-ignition charge (10) is higher than that of the tertiary main combustion charge (12).

4. The three-stage ignition gas-producing oil and gas well tool's working action igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-stage main combustion column (12) is composed of a gas generator with high gas volume, low combustion rate, and low combustion temperature, which produces clean and stable high-pressure gas during combustion. A single or multiple fast-ignition propellant column is added to the upper end of the three-stage main combustion column (11). The whole is formed by casting, so as to achieve constant surface combustion with effective combustion area and stable gas production pressure. The effective combustion column length ensures that the gas production pressure meets the actuation requirements.

5. The three-stage ignition gas-producing oil and gas well tool's working action igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The igniter includes a pressure cap (1), a resistor (2), an ignition charge (3), an igniter housing (4), a secondary ignition charge (5), a retaining ring (6), an O-ring (7), an inner housing (8), an outer housing (9), a fast-burning ignition charge (10), a pressure relief body (11), and a tertiary main combustion charge (12).

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