Non-contact oscillating tooth speed reducer vibration testing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-contact oscillating tooth speed reducer vibration testing device, and belongs to the technical field of speed reducer testing, the non-contact oscillating tooth speed reducer vibration testing device comprises a Doppler laser vibration meter, a vibration meter and speed reducer double multi-degree-of-freedom pose adjusting device, an annular hammering device and a bearing base, and the annular hammering device comprises a circumferential moving mechanism and a spring energy storage type constant force hammering mechanism. The double-pose device performs cooperative adjustment to achieve accurate alignment of the vibration meter and the speed reducer, the circumferential moving mechanism drives the hammering mechanism to perform circumferential multi-angle movement around the axis of the speed reducer, the constant-force hammering mechanism outputs constant excitation force, and the vibration meter calculates vibration acceleration signals in a non-contact mode based on the laser Doppler effect. According to the invention, multi-attitude and multi-angle automatic test is realized, and the accuracy, repeatability and test efficiency of test data are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of speed reducer testing technology, and in particular to a non-contact vibration testing device for a live gear speed reducer. Background Technology

[0002] As a new type of transmission device, the live gear reducer is widely used in engineering machinery, aerospace, intelligent manufacturing and other fields due to its advantages such as large transmission ratio, compact structure and strong load-bearing capacity. Its vibration characteristics and vibration transmission characteristics are the core indicators for evaluating transmission accuracy, operational stability and service life. Therefore, it is necessary to complete the accurate detection of vibration characteristics through hammer impact excitation test.

[0003] In existing vibration testing of live gear reducers, manual swinging of a hammer is typically used to achieve impact excitation, followed by Doppler laser vibration measurement to collect vibration signals. This testing method has several technical drawbacks: First, it requires manual adjustment of the relative position and angle between the Doppler laser vibrometer and the live gear reducer, which can easily lead to human error, resulting in inaccurate laser measurement point positioning and affecting the accuracy of vibration signal acquisition. Second, the magnitude and position of the manual hammer strike are difficult to control precisely, and multiple strikes at the same measurement point result in significant force fluctuations, leading to poor repeatability and consistency of the test data. Third, manual hammer strikes can only achieve excitation at a limited angle, failing to complete the full circumferential vibration characteristic detection of the live gear reducer, resulting in insufficient test coverage.

[0004] To improve hammer impact positioning accuracy, existing technologies, such as the patent document with publication number CN222964850U, disclose a modal testing hammer impact point positioning device. This device uses a laser positioning instrument to achieve precise hammer impact point positioning. However, this device still relies on manual operation and does not achieve automated hammering. The controllability of the hammer impact force remains unresolved, and the improvement in positioning accuracy is limited. To achieve control of the hammer impact force, the patent document with publication number CN205808658U discloses a pneumatically driven force hammer device. This device uses an air pump to provide a specified air pressure to drive the hammer head to strike, achieving precise control of the hammer impact force. However, this device needs to be fixed to the test piece via threads, which places specific requirements on the structure of the test piece. It has poor adaptability to curved / irregularly shaped components without pre-set threads, such as reciprocating gear reducers. Furthermore, changing the hammer impact position requires repeated disassembly and tightening of the fastening threads, making the operation cumbersome and the testing efficiency low. At the same time, using an air pump as a power source also leads to a complex overall structure of the device and high maintenance costs.

[0005] In summary, existing vibration testing technologies for live gear reducers suffer from problems such as large position adjustment deviations, poor controllability of hammer force and position, low automation, and insufficient testing efficiency and accuracy. There is an urgent need to design an integrated testing device that combines automated position adjustment, multi-angle constant force hammering, and non-contact vibration detection to meet the requirements for accurate detection of vibration characteristics of live gear reducers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems of large position adjustment deviations, poor controllability of hammer force and position, low automation, and insufficient testing efficiency and accuracy in existing vibration testing technologies for live gear reducers, this invention provides a non-contact vibration testing device for live gear reducers. It achieves precise alignment of the vibration meter and the reducer through the coordinated adjustment of two multi-degree-of-freedom position adjustment devices. Combined with a ring-shaped circumferential moving mechanism and a spring-energy-storage constant-force hammering mechanism, it achieves automated, multi-angle, and constant excitation force hammering excitation. Furthermore, it utilizes Doppler laser vibration measurement technology to complete non-contact vibration detection, improving the accuracy, repeatability, and testing efficiency of the test data.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the non-contact vibration testing device for a reciprocating gear reducer of the present invention is as follows: A non-contact vibration testing device for a movable gear reducer includes a Doppler laser vibration meter, a multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) posture adjustment device for the vibration meter, a movable gear reducer, a multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) posture adjustment device for the reducer, a ring hammer impact device, and a support base. The Doppler laser vibration meter is mounted on the execution end of the multi-DOF posture adjustment device, and the movable gear reducer is mounted on the execution end of the multi-DOF posture adjustment device. Both the vibration meter and the reducer are mounted on the support base, with the vibration meter positioned correspondingly on the detection side of the reducer's multi-DOF posture adjustment device. The ring hammer impact device is coaxially arranged with the movable gear reducer. The ring-shaped hammer impact device includes a circumferential moving mechanism and a spring-energy-storage constant-force hammer impact mechanism. The constant-force hammer impact mechanism is located at the moving end of the circumferential moving mechanism. The circumferential moving mechanism can drive the constant-force hammer impact mechanism to move around the axis of the movable gear reducer in multiple circumferential angles. The constant-force hammer impact mechanism can output a constant excitation force for hammer impact.

[0008] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the multi-degree-of-freedom pose adjustment device of the vibration meter includes a displacement adjustment mechanism and an angle adjustment mechanism; wherein, the displacement adjustment mechanism is fixed on the bearing base, the angle adjustment mechanism is disposed at the moving end of the displacement adjustment mechanism, and the Doppler laser vibration meter is disposed at the execution end of the angle adjustment mechanism; The displacement adjustment mechanism includes an X-axis displacement device arranged along the horizontal detection direction and a Z-axis displacement device arranged along the vertical direction. The angle adjustment mechanism is a dual-angle adjustment device that integrates pitch and azimuth angle adjustment.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the X-axis displacement device includes a base, a guide rail assembly, a slide table, a lead screw transmission assembly, and a drive motor; wherein, the guide rail assembly is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base, the slide table is slidably engaged with the guide rail assembly, the lead screw transmission assembly is arranged along the axis of symmetry of the base, the power input end of the lead screw transmission assembly is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the drive motor, the transmission end of the lead screw transmission assembly is threadedly engaged with the slide table, and the drive motor drives the slide table to reciprocate linearly along the guide rail assembly in the X direction through the lead screw transmission assembly.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the angle adjustment mechanism includes a rotating platform, a first outer U-shaped plate, a first inner U-shaped plate, and a worm gear transmission assembly; wherein, the first outer U-shaped plate is disposed on the rotating platform, the first inner U-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the first outer U-shaped plate through a connecting shaft, the fixed end of the worm gear transmission assembly is disposed on the first outer U-shaped plate, and the power output end is connected to the first connecting shaft, the worm gear transmission assembly drives the first inner U-shaped plate to rotate around the first connecting shaft to achieve pitch angle adjustment, the rotating platform rotates around the vertical axis to achieve azimuth angle adjustment, and the Doppler laser vibrometer is disposed on the first inner U-shaped plate.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the multi-degree-of-freedom pose adjustment device for the reducer includes a base plate, a rotation adjustment mechanism, and a swing adjustment mechanism; wherein, the base plate is fixedly mounted on the bearing base, the rotation adjustment mechanism is mounted on the base plate, the swing adjustment mechanism is mounted on the top of the rotation adjustment mechanism, and the movable gear reducer is mounted on the execution end of the swing adjustment mechanism; the rotation adjustment mechanism drives the swing adjustment mechanism and the movable gear reducer to rotate around the vertical axis to achieve azimuth adjustment, and the swing adjustment mechanism drives the movable gear reducer to rotate around the horizontal axis to achieve pitch adjustment.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the swing adjustment mechanism includes a second outer U-shaped plate, a second inner U-shaped plate, a movable gear reducer mounting base, a worm gear drive assembly, and a counterweight self-aligning assembly; wherein, the movable gear reducer mounting base is disposed on the upper end face of the second inner U-shaped plate, the second inner U-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the second outer U-shaped plate through a second connecting shaft, the worm gear drive assembly is disposed on the second outer U-shaped plate and drives the second connecting shaft, and the counterweight self-aligning assembly is disposed on the lower end face of the second inner U-shaped plate, and the center of gravity of the second inner U-shaped plate can be lowered to the swing center by adjusting the counterweight.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the circumferential moving mechanism includes a gear ring, an annular guide rail, an annular slider, a roller assembly, and a gear drive assembly; wherein, the annular guide rail and the gear ring are both arranged coaxially with the live gear reducer, the annular slider is slidably engaged with the annular guide rail through the roller assembly, the gear drive assembly is disposed on the annular slider, and the output gear of the gear drive assembly meshes with the gear ring, driving the annular slider to move circumferentially along the annular guide rail.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the roller assembly includes multiple rollers symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the annular guide rail in two groups; the gear drive assembly includes an annular slider drive motor, a gear shaft and a gear, the annular slider drive motor is disposed on one side of the annular slider, the output shaft of the annular slider drive motor passes through the annular slider and is coaxially connected to the gear shaft, and the gear is disposed on the gear shaft and meshes with the gear ring.

[0015] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the spring-energy-storage constant-force hammer impact mechanism includes a frame, a linear guide module, a lead screw drive assembly, a spring energy storage assembly, and a hammer impact execution assembly; wherein, the frame is disposed on the annular slider, the linear guide module is fixedly disposed on the front side of the frame along the hammer impact direction, the lead screw drive assembly is arranged on the frame along the hammer impact direction, the spring energy storage assembly is sleeved on the lead screw of the lead screw drive assembly, the hammer impact execution assembly is slidably engaged with the linear guide module and is driven by the lead screw drive assembly, the elastic force of the spring energy storage assembly is adjustable, the spring energy storage assembly is compressed by the lead screw drive assembly to store energy, and after release, it pushes the hammer impact execution assembly to complete the hammer impact.

[0016] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the hammer actuation assembly includes a split-type lead screw slider, a fixed block, a hammer, and a hammer connecting rod; wherein, the split-type lead screw slider includes a housing, two split sliders, an elastic reset member, and a moving cam drive assembly; the two split sliders are slidably disposed within the housing, each with a half-threaded through hole at its opposite end; the elastic reset member is disposed between the two split sliders, and when there is no external force, it opens the split sliders to separate the threaded through holes; the moving cam drive assembly is disposed within the housing and cooperates with the split sliders, driving the two split sliders to merge to form a complete threaded through hole that meshes with the lead screw; the fixed block is disposed on the split lead screw slider, and the hammer is connected to the fixed block through the hammer connecting rod.

[0017] The technological advancements achieved by this invention due to the adoption of the above technical solutions are as follows: This invention provides a dual-degree-of-freedom pose adjustment device for both the vibration meter and the reducer, which can be adjusted in tandem to achieve precise adjustment of the relative position and angle between the Doppler laser vibration meter and the gear reducer. This eliminates the operational deviation of manual adjustment, ensures the accurate positioning of the laser measurement point, and expands the detection range of the vibration meter, enabling vibration detection of different parts and postures of the gear reducer, thus improving the coverage of the test.

[0018] The ring-shaped hammer impact device of the present invention integrates a circumferential moving mechanism and a spring-energy-storage constant-force hammer impact mechanism. The circumferential moving mechanism drives the hammer impact mechanism to move around the axis of the live-tooth reducer in multiple circumferential angles through gear transmission, realizing automated full-angle hammer impact excitation without manual intervention and improving testing efficiency. The constant-force hammer impact mechanism is based on the principle of spring energy storage, and the excitation force can be precisely set by fine-tuning the spring adjustment knob, outputting a constant hammer impact excitation, eliminating the problem of force fluctuation caused by manual hammering, and improving the repeatability and accuracy of test data.

[0019] The hammer actuator of this invention adopts a split screw-slider structure. The movable cam composed of a linear rudder drives the split slider to engage and disengage. When engaged, it meshes with the screw to store spring energy. When disengaged, it disengages from the screw to trigger the release of spring energy, thus precisely controlling the energy storage and release process of the hammer. By comprehensively considering the inertial force and friction of the screw-slider, hammer and other components, the stability and controllability of the hammering force can be guaranteed.

[0020] The reducer swing adjustment mechanism of the present invention is equipped with a counterweight centering component, which lowers the center of gravity of the swing mechanism to the swing center by means of the counterweight, thereby improving the stability and smoothness of the swing adjustment of the live gear reducer, avoiding position adjustment deviation caused by center of gravity offset, and further ensuring test accuracy.

[0021] This invention uses Doppler laser vibration measurement technology to achieve non-contact vibration detection, avoiding interference from contact detection on the vibration state of the gear reducer and ensuring the authenticity of vibration signal acquisition. At the same time, laser vibration measurement has a fast response speed and high detection accuracy, and can accurately calculate the vibration acceleration signal at the measurement point. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a non-contact vibratory test device for a gear reducer according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device for the vibration meter of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the X-axis linear displacement device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an isometric structural diagram of the angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5This is an isometric structural diagram of the multi-degree-of-freedom pose adjustment device for the reducer of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an isometric structural diagram of the swing adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an isometric structural diagram of the ring-shaped hammer impact device of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an isometric structural diagram of the circumferential moving mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an isometric structural schematic diagram of the spring-energy-storage constant-force hammer mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is an isometric structural diagram of the split-type lead screw slider of the present invention.

[0023] In the attached diagram: 1. Vibration meter multi-degree-of-freedom pose adjustment device; 11. Doppler pose adjustment mounting table; 12. X-axis linear displacement device; 121. Base; 122. Guide rail pad; 123. Guide rail; 124. Slider; 125. Drive motor; 126. Drive motor mounting base; 127. Coupling; 128. Lead screw; 129. Slide table; 1210. Lead screw support block; 13. Z-axis linear displacement device; 14. Angle adjustment mechanism; 141. Rotary platform; 142. Outer U-shaped main plate; 143. Outer U-shaped side plate; 144. Worm gear mounting base; 145. Worm gear; 146. Drive motor; 147. Coupling; 148. Inner and outer U-shaped plate connecting shaft; 149. Worm gear; 1410. Inner U-shaped side plate; 1411. Inner U-shaped main plate; 2. Doppler laser vibrometer; 3. Live gear reducer; 4. Multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device for reducer; 41. Base plate; 42. Rotation adjustment mechanism; 43. Swing adjustment mechanism; 431. Outer U-shaped plate; 432. Counterweight support plate; 433. Inner U-shaped plate; 434. Connecting shaft; 435. Live gear reducer mounting base; 436. Worm gear; 437. Worm gear connecting shaft; 438. Worm; 439. Drive motor; 4310. Drive motor mounting plate; 5. Ring hammer impact device; 51. Spring-storage type constant force hammer impact mechanism; 511. Force hammer; 512. Force hammer connecting rod; 513. Fixing block; 514. Split-type lead screw and slider; 5141. Front housing; 5142. Rear housing; 5143. Split slider; 5144. Compression spring; 5145. Linear servo; 515. Lead screw; 516. Mold spring; 517. Spring adjustment knob fixing seat; 518. Spring adjustment knob; 519. Lead screw drive motor; 5110. Frame; 5111. Linear guide rail module; 52. Circumferential movement mechanism; 521. Gear ring; 522. Gear shaft; 523. Ring slider; 524. Gear; 525. Ring slider drive motor; 526. Roller; 527. Ring guide rail; 6. Install the table; 7. Foundation. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. In the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of this invention.

[0025] As shown in Figure 1, the non-contact vibration testing device for a gear reducer in this embodiment includes a Doppler laser vibrometer 2, a multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device 1 for the vibrometer, a gear reducer 3, a multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device 4 for the reducer, a ring hammer impact device 5, and a bearing base. In this embodiment, the bearing base consists of a mounting table 6 and a foundation 7. The mounting table 6 is fixed on the foundation 7, the multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device 4 for the reducer is fixed on the mounting table 6, the multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device 1 for the vibrometer is fixed on the foundation 7 and is correspondingly arranged on the detection side directly in front of the multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device 4 for the reducer, and the ring hammer impact device 5 is coaxially arranged with the gear reducer 3.

[0026] The Doppler laser vibration meter 2 is fixed to the execution end of the multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device 1 of the vibration meter, and the movable gear reducer 3 is fixed to the execution end of the multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device 4 of the reducer. Through the coordinated adjustment of the two posture adjustment devices, the precise adjustment of the relative position and angle between the two is achieved. The ring hammer device 5 can realize the circumferential multi-angle and constant excitation force hammer excitation around the axis of the movable gear reducer 3. The Doppler laser vibration meter 2 completes non-contact vibration acceleration signal detection based on the laser Doppler effect, and finally obtains the vibration acceleration characteristics of the movable gear reducer 3 under different working conditions and different measuring point positions.

[0027] like Figure 2As shown, the multi-degree-of-freedom pose adjustment device 1 of the vibration meter includes a displacement adjustment mechanism and an angle adjustment mechanism 14. The displacement adjustment mechanism consists of a Doppler pose adjustment mounting table 11, an X-axis linear displacement device 12, and a Z-axis linear displacement device 13. The Doppler pose adjustment mounting table 11 serves as the mounting base for the displacement adjustment mechanism. The X-axis linear displacement device 12 is fixed on the Doppler pose adjustment mounting table 11, and the Z-axis linear displacement device 13 is fixed on the slide table 129 of the X-axis linear displacement device 12. The angle adjustment mechanism 14 is fixed to the moving end of the Z-axis linear displacement device 13. The Doppler laser vibration meter 2 is fixed to the inner U-shaped plate execution end of the angle adjustment mechanism 14. The horizontal and vertical positions are adjusted through X-axis and Z-axis linear displacement, and the pitch and azimuth angles are adjusted through the angle adjustment mechanism 14. In this embodiment, the Z-axis linear displacement device can be the E-EHZ02-12012 from Yiheda.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the X-axis linear displacement device 12 includes a base 121, guide rail pads 122, guide rails 123, sliders 124, a drive motor 125, a drive motor mounting base 126, a coupling 127, a lead screw 128, a slide table 129, and a lead screw support block 1210. The guide rail pads 122 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the base 121, and the guide rails 123 are correspondingly fixed on the guide rail pads 122. Each guide rail 123 has two sliders 124, for a total of four sliders 124. The slide table 129 is fixed to the upper surface of the four sliders 124 to achieve sliding engagement with the guide rails 123. The drive motor 125 is mounted on a drive motor mounting base 126. The seat 126 is fixed on the base 121. The output shaft of the drive motor 125 is coaxially connected to the lead screw 128 through the coupling 127. The other end of the lead screw 128 is rotatably engaged with the lead screw support block 1210 fixed on the base 121. The lead screw 128, the coupling 127 and the output shaft of the drive motor 125 are coaxially arranged on the axis of symmetry of the base 121. The lead screw 128 passes through the slide table 129 and is threadedly engaged with the slide table 129. During operation, the drive motor 125 drives the lead screw 128 to rotate in both forward and reverse directions, thereby driving the slide table 129 to move linearly back and forth along the guide rail 123 in the X direction, realizing the position adjustment in the horizontal detection direction.

[0029] like Figure 4As shown, the angle adjustment mechanism 14 includes a rotating platform 141, an outer U-shaped main plate 142, an outer U-shaped side plate 143, a worm gear mounting base 144, a worm gear 145, a drive motor 146, a coupling 147, an inner and outer U-shaped plate connecting shaft 148, a worm wheel 149, an inner U-shaped side plate 1410, and an inner U-shaped main plate 1411; two outer U-shaped side plates 143 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the outer U-shaped main plate 142 to form outer U-shaped plates. The U-shaped plate is fixed to the rotating platform 141 by the outer U-shaped main plate 142; two inner U-shaped side plates 1410 and the inner U-shaped main plate 1411 are symmetrically fixed to form the inner U-shaped plate, and the outer U-shaped plate and the inner U-shaped plate are rotatably connected by the inner and outer U-shaped plate connecting shaft 148, which can rotate relative to each other around the connecting shaft; the worm gear mounting seat 144 is fixed to one side of the outer U-shaped side plate 143, and the drive motor 146 and the worm gear 145 are both fixed to the worm gear mounting seat 144. On the upper part, the output shaft of the drive motor 146 is coaxially connected to the worm 145 through the coupling 147. The worm wheel 149 is fixed on the inner and outer U-shaped plate connecting shaft 148 on this side and meshes with the worm 145. During operation, the drive motor 146 drives the worm 145 to rotate, the worm 145 drives the worm wheel 149 to rotate, and the worm wheel 149 drives the inner U-shaped plate to rotate around the connecting shaft through the connecting shaft, thereby realizing the pitch angle adjustment. The rotating platform 141 rotates around the vertical axis, driving the entire angle adjustment mechanism and the Doppler laser vibrometer 2 to realize the azimuth angle adjustment.

[0030] like Figure 5 As shown, the multi-degree-of-freedom attitude adjustment device 4 for the reducer includes a base plate 41, a rotation adjustment mechanism 42, and a swing adjustment mechanism 43. The base plate 41 is fixed on the mounting table 6, the rotation adjustment mechanism 42 is fixed on the base plate 41, the swing adjustment mechanism 43 is fixed on the moving end of the rotation adjustment mechanism 42, and the movable gear reducer 3 is fixed on the movable gear reducer mounting base 435 of the swing adjustment mechanism 43. The rotation adjustment mechanism 42 drives the swing adjustment mechanism 43 and the movable gear reducer 3 to rotate around the vertical axis, thereby realizing the azimuth angle adjustment of the movable gear reducer 3. The swing adjustment mechanism 43 drives the movable gear reducer 3 to rotate around the horizontal axis, thereby realizing the pitch angle adjustment of the movable gear reducer 3. Through the coordination of rotation and swing adjustment, the multi-attitude adjustment of the movable gear reducer 3 is completed.

[0031] like Figure 6As shown, the swing adjustment mechanism 43 includes a gear reducer mounting base 435, an inner U-shaped plate 433, a connecting shaft 434, a worm gear connecting shaft 437, an outer U-shaped plate 431, a counterweight support plate 432, a drive motor mounting plate 4310, a drive motor 439, a worm 438, and a worm wheel 436. The gear reducer mounting base 435 is fixed to the upper end face of the inner U-shaped plate 433, providing a mounting base for the gear reducer 3. The two sides of the inner U-shaped plate 433 are rotatably connected to the outer U-shaped plate 431 through the connecting shaft 434 and the worm gear connecting shaft 437, respectively, to achieve swinging around the horizontal axis. The counterweight support plate 432 is bolted to the lower end face of the inner U-shaped plate 433, which can... By adjusting the bolt length to clamp different weights, the center of gravity of the inner U-shaped plate 433 is lowered to the swing center, improving the stability of the swing adjustment. The drive motor mounting plate 4310 is fixed to the right side of the outer U-shaped plate 431, and the drive motor 439 is located on the rear side of the drive motor mounting plate 4310. Its output shaft passes through the mounting plate and is connected to the worm 438. The worm 438 meshes with the worm wheel 436 mounted on the worm wheel connecting shaft 437. During operation, the drive motor 439 drives the worm 438 to rotate, and the worm 438 drives the worm wheel 436 to rotate. The worm wheel 436 drives the inner U-shaped plate 433 to swing around the horizontal axis through the worm wheel connecting shaft 437, thereby realizing the pitch angle adjustment of the live gear reducer 3.

[0032] like Figure 7 As shown, the annular hammer impact device 5 includes a circumferential moving mechanism 52 and a spring-energy-storage constant-force hammer impact mechanism 51. The spring-energy-storage constant-force hammer impact mechanism 51 is fixed to the front side of the annular slider 523 of the circumferential moving mechanism 52. The circumferential moving mechanism 52 drives the constant-force hammer impact mechanism 51 to rotate around the axis of the movable gear reducer 3, thereby realizing constant-force hammer impact excitation at multiple circumferential angles.

[0033] like Figure 8As shown, the circumferential moving mechanism 52 is a ring sliding mechanism with gear transmission, including a gear ring 521, a ring guide rail 527, a ring slider 523, rollers 526, a ring slider drive motor 525, a gear shaft 522, and a gear 524. The gear ring 521 is coaxially arranged with the reciprocating gear reducer 3, and its fixed end is connected to the back side of the multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device 4 of the reducer. The ring guide rail 527 is fixed to the rear end face of the gear ring 521. The front side of the ring slider 523 is connected to the ring guide rail 527 through four rollers 526. The four rollers 526 are symmetrically distributed in two groups on the upper and lower sides of the ring guide rail 527, so that the ring... The slider 523 can slide smoothly along the annular guide rail 527; the annular slider drive motor 525 is fixed on the rear side of the annular slider 523, and its output shaft passes through the annular slider 523 and is connected to the gear shaft 522. The gear 524 is placed in the middle groove of the annular slider 523 and fixed on the gear shaft 522, meshing with the gear ring 521. During operation, the annular slider drive motor 525 drives the gear shaft 522 to rotate the gear 524. The gear 524 meshes with the gear ring 521 to drive the annular slider 523 to move circumferentially along the annular guide rail 527, thereby driving the constant force hammering mechanism 51 to achieve circumferential multi-angle position adjustment.

[0034] like Figure 9 As shown, the spring-energy-storage constant-force hammer impact mechanism 51 includes a linear guide module 5111, a frame 5110, a split-type lead screw slider 514, a spring adjustment knob fixing seat 517, a spring adjustment knob 518, a lead screw drive motor 519, a lead screw 515, a fixing block 513, a hammer 511, a hammer connecting rod 512, and a mold spring 516. The frame 5110 is fixed to the front side of the annular slider 523, providing the mounting base for the entire hammer impact mechanism. The linear guide module 5111 is fixed in the center position on the front side of the frame 5110. The split-type lead screw slider 514 is set on the linear guide module 5111 and can slide along the linear guide module 5111 in the hammer impact direction. The spring adjustment knob fixing seat 517 is installed in the upper position on the front side of the frame 5110, and the spring adjustment knob... 518 is connected to the rear end face of the fixed seat via a screw pair; the lead screw drive motor 519 is fixed to the upper end face of the frame 5110, and its output end passes through the upper end face of the frame 5110 and is coaxially connected to the lead screw 515. The lead screw 515 passes through the spring adjustment knob 518 and cooperates with the split lead screw slider 514; the fixed block 513 is fixed to the upper end face of the split lead screw slider 514, and the hammer 511 is fixedly connected to the fixed block 513 via the hammer connecting rod 512; the mold spring 516 is sleeved on the lead screw 515, one end of which contacts the split lead screw slider 514, and the other end contacts the spring adjustment knob 518. By finely adjusting the spring adjustment knob 518, the initial compression of the mold spring 516 can be changed, the compression force of the mold spring 516 can be corrected, and the hammer excitation force can be accurately set.

[0035] like Figure 10 As shown, the split-type lead screw slider 514 includes a front outer shell 5141, a rear outer shell 5142, two split sliders 5143, a compression spring 5144, and a linear servo 5145. The front outer shell 5141 is fixed to the rear outer shell 5142, and the two shells have through guide grooves. The two split sliders 5143 are slidably installed in the guide grooves. Each of the opposite end faces of the two split sliders 5143 has a half-threaded through hole. There are two cylindrical countersunk holes on the left and right sides of the threaded through hole. The compression spring 5144 is installed in the cylindrical countersunk holes. When no external force is applied, the compression spring 5144 pushes the two split sliders 5143 apart, separating the half-threaded through holes and disengaging them from the lead screw 515. Engagement; a slender groove is provided at the center of the other end face of the split slider 5143, with the depth of the groove gradually increasing from top to bottom. The linear servo 5145 is installed on both sides inside the rear housing 5142, and its actuator end cooperates with the slender groove to form a moving cam mechanism. During operation, the actuator end of the linear servo 5145 extends, pushing the two split sliders 5143 to move relative to each other along the guide groove and compressing the compression spring 5144, so that the two half threaded through holes merge to form a complete threaded through hole, which engages with the lead screw 515. When the actuator end of the linear servo 5145 retracts, the restoring force of the compression spring 5144 pushes the two split sliders 5143 apart, disengaging them from the lead screw 515.

[0036] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: Based on the measured point position of the live gear reducer 3, the X-axis and Z-axis linear displacement devices of the multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device 1 of the vibration meter are controlled to adjust the horizontal and vertical positions of the Doppler laser vibration meter 2. The pitch and azimuth angles are adjusted through the angle adjustment mechanism 14. At the same time, the rotation adjustment mechanism 42 and the swing adjustment mechanism 43 of the multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device 4 of the reducer are controlled to adjust the azimuth and pitch angles of the live gear reducer 3. Through the coordinated operation of the two posture adjustment devices, the laser of the Doppler laser vibration meter 2 is accurately aligned with the measured point of the live gear reducer 3.

[0037] According to the test requirements, the circumferential movement mechanism 52 of the ring hammer impact device 5 is controlled. The ring slider drive motor 525 drives the gear 524 to mesh with the gear ring 521, which drives the ring slider 523 to move along the ring guide rail 527, and adjusts the spring energy storage constant force hammer impact mechanism 51 to the preset hammer impact angle position.

[0038] Fine-tuning the spring adjustment knob 518 changes the initial compression of the mold spring 516. Based on the spring's elasticity characteristics, the hammering excitation force is corrected and set to a preset value to ensure a constant hammering force.

[0039] The linear servo motor 5145 is controlled to move, pushing the two split sliders 5143 to merge into a complete threaded through hole, which meshes with the lead screw 515; the lead screw drive motor 519 is started to drive the lead screw 515 to rotate, which drives the split lead screw slider 514 to move upward along the linear guide module 5111, compressing the mold spring 516 to realize energy storage, until the preset energy storage position is reached.

[0040] The linear servo motor 5145 is reset, and the compression spring 5144 opens the two split sliders 5143, disengaging them from the lead screw 515. The mold spring 516 releases its stored energy, pushing the split lead screw slider 514 to move rapidly downward along the linear guide module 5111, driving the power hammer 511 to achieve constant excitation force on the preset measuring point of the live gear reducer 3. At the same time, the Doppler laser vibration meter 2 emits a laser to the measured point, calculates the vibration acceleration signal of the measuring point based on the laser Doppler effect, and completes signal acquisition and storage.

[0041] Repeat the above steps to achieve multi-posture adjustment of the live gear reducer 3 by adjusting the parameters of the two posture adjustment devices, and achieve multi-angle position adjustment of the hammering mechanism by the circumferential moving mechanism 52. Complete the hammering excitation and vibration detection of the live gear reducer 3 under different working conditions and different measuring point positions, and finally obtain the complete vibration acceleration characteristics of the live gear reducer 3.

[0042] In the above embodiments, a non-contact vibration testing device for a gear reducer is provided. The present invention achieves precise alignment between the vibration meter and the reducer through the coordinated adjustment of a dual multi-degree-of-freedom posture adjustment device. Combined with a ring circumferential moving mechanism and a spring-energy-storage constant force hammering mechanism, it achieves automated, multi-angle, and constant excitation force hammering excitation. With the help of Doppler laser vibration measurement technology, it completes non-contact vibration detection, improving the accuracy, repeatability, and efficiency of test data.

[0043] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept should fall within the protection scope of the present invention. All technical contents for which protection is sought in this invention are fully described in the claims.

Claims

1. A non-contact vibration testing device for a movable gear reducer, characterized in that: The device includes a Doppler laser vibration meter, a multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) posture adjustment device for the vibration meter, a movable gear reducer, a multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) posture adjustment device for the reducer, a ring hammer impact device, and a support base. The Doppler laser vibration meter is mounted on the execution end of the multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) posture adjustment device, and the movable gear reducer is mounted on the execution end of the multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) posture adjustment device for the reducer. Both the multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) posture adjustment device for the vibration meter and the multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) posture adjustment device for the reducer are mounted on the support base, with the multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) posture adjustment device for the vibration meter correspondingly arranged on the detection side of the multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) posture adjustment device for the reducer. The ring hammer impact device is coaxially arranged with the movable gear reducer. The ring-shaped hammer impact device includes a circumferential moving mechanism and a spring-energy-storage constant-force hammer impact mechanism. The constant-force hammer impact mechanism is located at the moving end of the circumferential moving mechanism. The circumferential moving mechanism can drive the constant-force hammer impact mechanism to move around the axis of the movable gear reducer in multiple circumferential angles. The constant-force hammer impact mechanism can output a constant excitation force for hammer impact.

2. The non-contact vibration testing device for a movable gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-degree-of-freedom pose adjustment device for the vibration meter includes a displacement adjustment mechanism and an angle adjustment mechanism; wherein, the displacement adjustment mechanism is fixed on the bearing base, the angle adjustment mechanism is located at the moving end of the displacement adjustment mechanism, and the Doppler laser vibration meter is located at the execution end of the angle adjustment mechanism; The displacement adjustment mechanism includes an X-axis linear displacement device arranged along the horizontal detection direction and a Z-axis linear displacement device arranged along the vertical direction. The angle adjustment mechanism is a dual-angle adjustment device that integrates pitch and azimuth angle adjustment.

3. The non-contact vibration testing device for a movable gear reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The X-axis linear displacement device includes a base, a guide rail assembly, a slide table, a lead screw drive assembly, and a drive motor. The guide rail assembly is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base. The slide table slides in conjunction with the guide rail assembly. The lead screw drive assembly is arranged along the axis of symmetry of the base. The power input end of the lead screw drive assembly is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. The transmission end of the lead screw drive assembly is threaded into the slide table. The drive motor drives the slide table to reciprocate linearly along the guide rail assembly in the X-direction via the lead screw drive assembly.

4. The non-contact vibration testing device for a movable gear reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism includes a rotating platform, a first outer U-shaped plate, a first inner U-shaped plate, and a worm gear transmission assembly. The first outer U-shaped plate is disposed on the rotating platform, and the first inner U-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the first outer U-shaped plate via a connecting shaft. The fixed end of the worm gear transmission assembly is disposed on the first outer U-shaped plate, and its power output end is connected to the first connecting shaft. The worm gear transmission assembly drives the first inner U-shaped plate to rotate around the first connecting shaft to achieve pitch angle adjustment, and the rotating platform rotates around a vertical axis to achieve azimuth angle adjustment. The Doppler laser vibrometer is disposed on the first inner U-shaped plate.

5. The non-contact vibration testing device for a movable gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-degree-of-freedom pose adjustment device for the reducer includes a base plate, a rotation adjustment mechanism, and a swing adjustment mechanism; wherein, the base plate is fixedly mounted on the support base, the rotation adjustment mechanism is mounted on the base plate, the swing adjustment mechanism is mounted on top of the rotation adjustment mechanism, and the movable gear reducer is mounted on the execution end of the swing adjustment mechanism; the rotation adjustment mechanism drives the swing adjustment mechanism and the movable gear reducer to rotate around the vertical axis to achieve azimuth adjustment, and the swing adjustment mechanism drives the movable gear reducer to rotate around the horizontal axis to achieve pitch adjustment.

6. The non-contact vibration testing device for a movable gear reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The swing adjustment mechanism includes a second outer U-shaped plate, a second inner U-shaped plate, a movable gear reducer mounting base, a worm gear drive assembly, and a counterweight self-aligning assembly. The movable gear reducer mounting base is located on the upper surface of the second inner U-shaped plate, which is rotatably connected to the second outer U-shaped plate via a second connecting shaft. The worm gear drive assembly is located on the second outer U-shaped plate and engages with the second connecting shaft. The counterweight self-aligning assembly is located on the lower surface of the second inner U-shaped plate, and its center of gravity can be lowered to the swing center by adjusting the counterweight.

7. The non-contact vibration testing device for a movable gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential moving mechanism includes a gear ring, an annular guide rail, an annular slider, a roller assembly, and a gear drive assembly; wherein, the annular guide rail and the gear ring are both arranged coaxially with the live gear reducer, the annular slider is slidably engaged with the annular guide rail through the roller assembly, the gear drive assembly is disposed on the annular slider, and the output gear of the gear drive assembly meshes with the gear ring, driving the annular slider to move circumferentially along the annular guide rail.

8. The non-contact vibration testing device for a movable gear reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The roller assembly includes multiple rollers symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the annular guide rail in two groups; the gear drive assembly includes an annular slider drive motor, a gear shaft and a gear, the annular slider drive motor is disposed on one side of the annular slider, the output shaft of the annular slider drive motor passes through the annular slider and is coaxially connected to the gear shaft, and the gear is disposed on the gear shaft and meshes with the gear ring.

9. A non-contact vibration testing device for a movable gear reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spring-energy-storage constant-force hammer impact mechanism includes a frame, a linear guide module, a lead screw drive assembly, a spring energy storage assembly, and a hammer actuation assembly. The frame is mounted on the annular slider. The linear guide module is fixed to the front side of the frame along the impact direction. The lead screw drive assembly is arranged on the frame along the impact direction. The spring energy storage assembly is sleeved on the lead screw of the lead screw drive assembly. The hammer actuation assembly slides with the linear guide module and drives the lead screw drive assembly. The spring force of the spring energy storage assembly is adjustable. Energy is stored by compressing the spring energy storage assembly through the lead screw drive assembly, and released to drive the hammer actuation assembly to complete the hammer impact.

10. A non-contact vibration testing device for a movable gear reducer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hammer actuation assembly includes a split-type lead screw slider, a fixed block, a hammer, and a hammer connecting rod. The split-type lead screw slider includes a housing, two split sliders, an elastic reset element, and a moving cam drive assembly. The two split sliders are slidably disposed within the housing, each with a half-threaded through hole at its opposite end. The elastic reset element is located between the two split sliders; in the absence of external force, it opens the split sliders to separate the threaded through holes. The moving cam drive assembly is disposed within the housing and cooperates with the split sliders, driving the two split sliders to merge and form a complete threaded through hole that engages with the lead screw. The fixed block is disposed on the split-type lead screw slider, and the hammer is connected to the fixed block via the hammer connecting rod.

Images