Drilling sampling equipment for coal mine geological exploration

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling sampling equipment, in particular to drilling sampling equipment for coal mine geological exploration. Comprising a sampling rod and a sampling head, a connecting lug is arranged at the lower end of the sampling rod, the top of the sampling head is sunken to form a connecting groove, a hydraulic limiting assembly is arranged in the connecting groove, the connecting lug is detachably connected with the connecting groove, and the hydraulic limiting assembly is used for pressing and positioning the connecting lug; two symmetrical adjusting grooves are formed in the side face of the sampling head, auxiliary side rollers are rotationally connected into the adjusting grooves, hydraulic connecting assemblies are arranged at the joints of the auxiliary side rollers and the sampling head, and hydraulic cylinders are connected between the hydraulic connecting assemblies and the hydraulic limiting assemblies. The problems that traditional drilling sampling equipment is low in efficiency, samples are prone to damage, and adaptability is poor are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling and sampling equipment technology, specifically to a coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mine geological exploration, drilling and sampling are crucial steps in obtaining underground rock samples. Traditional drilling and sampling equipment typically uses a fixed sampling head directly connected to a sampling rod. After sampling, the entire equipment needs to be removed from the sampling hole, and the sample column needs to be separated from the sampling head by external force, such as knocking or vibration. This method has the following problems: Low sampling efficiency: The entire device needs to be removed after each sampling, which is cumbersome and time-consuming.

[0003] Samples are easily damaged: When separating the sample column, external force can easily cause the sample to break or its structure to be damaged, affecting the accuracy of geological analysis.

[0004] Poor equipment adaptability: In complex geological layers (such as soft and broken rock layers), the sampling head is prone to getting stuck, making it difficult to successfully extract complete samples.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling equipment that can achieve rapid, non-destructive sampling, is highly adaptable, and has a stable connection. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling device.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling device, including a sampling rod and a sampling head, wherein the lower end of the sampling rod is provided with a connecting lug, the top of the sampling head is recessed to form a connecting groove, a hydraulic limiting component is provided inside the connecting groove, the connecting lug is detachably connected to the connecting groove, and the hydraulic limiting component is used to press and position the connecting lug. The sampling head has two symmetrical adjustment grooves on its side. An auxiliary side roller is rotatably connected inside the adjustment groove. A hydraulic connection assembly is configured at the connection between the auxiliary side roller and the sampling head. A hydraulic cylinder is connected between the hydraulic connection assembly and the hydraulic limiting assembly. When the hydraulic limiting assembly is depressurized, the two hydraulic connection assemblies are pressurized, causing the two auxiliary side rollers to rotate outward and inward respectively. The sampling head and sampling rod are misaligned, and the sampling head is squeezed tightly against the sample column. At this time, if the sampling rod is rotated further, the sample column can be separated from the geological layer.

[0008] As an optimization, a fixing nut is provided on the side of the connecting groove, and a limiting hole is provided on the connecting lug. When the connecting lug extends into the connecting groove, the limiting hole is axially opposite to the fixing nut. The fixing nut is detachably connected to a limiting bolt, and the connecting lug can move along the length direction of the limiting bolt.

[0009] As an optimization, the width of the connecting slot is greater than the width of the connecting lug; The hydraulic limiting assembly includes a first limiting cavity and a limiting plug rod. One end of the limiting plug rod is slidably disposed in the first limiting cavity, and the other end of the limiting plug rod extends into the interior of the connecting groove. The limiting plug rod is used to press against the connecting ear, so that the connecting ear is fixedly assembled with the sampling head.

[0010] As an optimization, the two hydraulic connection components are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner. The hydraulic connection component includes an arc-shaped second limiting cavity. The connecting shaft of the auxiliary side roller is equipped with a hydraulic plate. The connecting shaft and the second limiting cavity are coaxially arranged. The hydraulic plate can swing against the arc-shaped inner wall of the second limiting cavity. The hydraulic cylinder is equipped with two first hydraulic pipes at one end and two second hydraulic pipes at the other end. The two first hydraulic pipes are respectively connected to two hydraulic limiting components, and the outer ends of the two second hydraulic pipes are respectively connected to the second limiting cavities of two hydraulic connecting components.

[0011] As an optimization, the auxiliary side roller includes a connecting roller and an auxiliary roller. The connecting roller is rotatably connected to the sampling head, and the auxiliary roller is rotatably connected to the connecting roller. When the hydraulic limit component is depressurized, the hydraulic connecting component is pressurized, causing the connecting roller to rotate.

[0012] As an optimization, the hydraulic cylinder is embedded inside the sampling head.

[0013] As an optimization, the bottom of the sampling head is equipped with cutting teeth.

[0014] As an optimization, the two auxiliary side rollers are respectively the first side roller and the second side roller. When the hydraulic limiting component is depressurized, the first side roller rotates outward and the second side roller rotates inward towards the sampling head. When the sampling head and the sampling rod are misaligned, the first side roller abuts against the inner wall of the sampling hole and the second side roller abuts against the sample column.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this plan are as follows: Through hydraulic linkage control, after sampling is completed, the hydraulic limiting component depressurizes, while the hydraulic connecting component simultaneously intensifies, driving the auxiliary side rollers to rotate outwards and inwards respectively. This compresses the sampling head and sample column, while simultaneously misaligning the sampling head and sampling rod. At this point, simply continuing to rotate the sampling rod allows the sample column to smoothly separate from the geological layer without removing the equipment or subjecting it to external force, greatly reducing the risk of sample breakage and ensuring the integrity and representativeness of the sample. The sampling head and sampling rod are connected by a detachable hydraulic limiting mechanism, and the limiting and side roller movements are uniformly controlled by a hydraulic cylinder, achieving "one-button" operation. The sampling process eliminates the need for repeated disassembly and reassembly of the equipment, significantly shortening sampling time and improving exploration efficiency. The entire sampling process is completed automatically through a hydraulic mechanism, reducing manual intervention, lowering the labor intensity of operators, and avoiding safety hazards caused by knocking, vibration, and other operations. It effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, fragile samples, and poor adaptability of traditional drilling and sampling equipment, providing an efficient, reliable, and non-destructive sampling solution for coal mine geological exploration. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom axial side of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a bottom-view schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-section structure.

[0021] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the BB cross-section structure.

[0022] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the CC cross-section structure.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the hydraulic limiting component of the present invention in the depressurization state.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the axial side of the sampling head of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom axial side of the sampling rod of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary side roller shaft of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of the sampling head of the present invention.

[0028] The components are as follows: 1. Sampling rod, 2. Sampling head, 3. Connecting ear, 4. Connecting groove, 5. Adjusting groove, 6. Hydraulic cylinder, 7. Auxiliary side roller, 8. Fixing nut, 9. Limiting bolt, 10. First limiting cavity, 11. Limiting plug rod, 12. Second limiting cavity, 13. Hydraulic plate, 14. First hydraulic pipe, 15. Second hydraulic pipe, 16. Connecting roller, 17. Auxiliary roller, 18. Cutting tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0029] like Figures 1-12 As shown, a coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling device includes a sampling rod 1 and a sampling head 2. The lower end of the sampling rod 1 is provided with a connecting lug 3, and the top of the sampling head 2 is recessed to form a connecting groove 4. A hydraulic limiting component is provided inside the connecting groove 4. The connecting lug 3 is detachably connected to the connecting groove 4, and the hydraulic limiting component is used to press and position the connecting lug 3. The sampling head 2 has two symmetrical adjustment grooves 5 on its side. An auxiliary side roller 7 is rotatably connected inside the adjustment groove 5. A hydraulic connection assembly is configured at the connection between the auxiliary side roller 7 and the sampling head 2. A hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected between the hydraulic connection assembly and the hydraulic limiting assembly. When the hydraulic limiting assembly is depressurized, the two hydraulic connection assemblies are pressurized, causing the two auxiliary side rollers 7 to rotate outward and inward respectively. The sampling head 2 and the sampling rod 1 are misaligned, and the sampling head 2 is squeezed between the sampling column and the sample column. At this time, if the sampling rod 1 is rotated again, the sample column can be separated from the geological layer.

[0030] The sampling rod 1 and sampling head 2 are connected via connecting lug 3 and connecting groove 4, and are equipped with a hydraulic connection control system. When the hydraulic limit component is pressurized, the sampling rod 1 and sampling head 2 are firmly locked together, forming a rigid connection that can rotate together to drill the sample. When sample separation is required, the hydraulic cylinder 6 is controlled to depressurize the hydraulic limit component, while the two hydraulic connecting components are pressurized, driving the two symmetrically arranged auxiliary side rollers 7 to rotate differentially. This achieves the misalignment of the sampling rod 1 and sampling head 2, and the clamping of the sample column by the sampling head 2. At this time, simply rotating the sampling rod 1 utilizes the torque generated by the misalignment between it and the sampling head 2 to smoothly break the sample column from the geological layer, demonstrating rapid and non-destructive separation.

[0031] like Figure 6 As shown, a fixing nut 8 is provided on the side of the connecting groove 4, and a limiting hole is provided on the connecting lug 3. When the connecting lug 3 extends into the connecting groove 4, the limiting hole is axially opposite to the fixing nut 8. The fixing nut 8 is detachably connected to a limiting bolt 9, and the connecting lug 3 can move along the length direction of the limiting bolt 9.

[0032] The fixing nut 8 is welded or threaded to the side wall of the connecting groove 4, and is made of high-strength alloy steel. The limiting bolt 9 passes through the fixing nut 8 and the limiting hole from the outside to the inside, and is threadedly connected to the fixing nut 8. The limiting bolt 9 serves as a guide and anti-rotation pin.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, the width of the connecting groove 4 is greater than the width of the connecting lug 3; The hydraulic limiting assembly includes a first limiting cavity 10 and a limiting plug rod 11. One end of the limiting plug rod 11 is slidably disposed in the first limiting cavity 10, and the other end of the limiting plug rod 11 extends into the interior of the connecting groove 4. The limiting plug rod 11 is used to press against the connecting ear 3 so that the connecting ear 3 is fixedly assembled with the sampling head 2.

[0034] The hydraulic limiting assembly is the key actuator, with the first limiting cavity 10 and the limiting rod 11 at its core. The first limiting cavity 10 is a precision-machined hydraulic cylinder with a smooth inner wall, and it is sealed with the limiting rod 11 using a gap seal or equipped with a sealing ring. When the hydraulic system injects high-pressure oil into the first limiting cavity 10 through the first hydraulic pipe 14, the oil pressure pushes the limiting rod 11 outward, and its end tightly presses against the side of the connecting lug 3. Using friction and structural reaction force, it is firmly pressed against the other side wall of the connecting groove 4, thus achieving a fixed assembly. When pressure is released, under the action of the return spring or the system's reverse pressure, the limiting rod 11 retracts, releasing the locking mechanism.

[0035] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the two hydraulic connection components are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner. The hydraulic connection component includes an arc-shaped second limiting cavity 12. The connecting shaft of the auxiliary side roller 7 is equipped with a hydraulic plate 13. The connecting shaft is coaxially arranged with the second limiting cavity 12. The hydraulic plate 13 can swing against the arc-shaped inner wall of the second limiting cavity 12. Two first hydraulic pipes 14 are configured at one end of the hydraulic cylinder 6, and two second hydraulic pipes 15 are configured at the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 6. The two first hydraulic pipes 14 are respectively connected to two hydraulic limiting components, and the outer ends of the two second hydraulic pipes 15 are respectively connected to the second limiting cavities 12 of the two hydraulic connecting components.

[0036] The hydraulic plate 13 is rigidly connected to the connecting shaft of the auxiliary side roller 7, dividing the second limiting cavity 12 into two independent oil chambers. The hydraulic cylinder 6, as the control center of the system, can be a double-acting cylinder or an integrated hydraulic power unit controlled by a reversing valve. It is controlled by two sets of oil circuits: one set of first hydraulic pipes 14 simultaneously connects to the first limiting cavities 10 of the two hydraulic limiting components; the other set of second hydraulic pipes 15 connects to specific oil chambers of the second limiting cavities 12 of the two hydraulic connecting components. Its operating principle is linked: when the hydraulic cylinder 6 actuates, it depressurizes the first hydraulic pipe 14 circuit (releasing the locking of the sampling rod 1) while simultaneously pressurizing the second hydraulic pipe 15 circuit. The pressurized oil enters the second limiting cavity 12, pushing the hydraulic plate 13 to swing along the arc wall of the cavity, thereby driving the connecting shaft of the auxiliary side roller 7 to rotate. By designing two second hydraulic pipes 15 connected to different sides of the second limiting cavity 12, the rotation of the two auxiliary side rollers 7 can be precisely controlled, one in the forward direction (outward) and the other in the reverse direction (inward).

[0037] like Figure 7 and Figure 11 As shown, the auxiliary side roller 7 includes a connecting roller 16 and an auxiliary roller 17. The connecting roller 16 is rotatably connected to the sampling head 2, and the auxiliary roller 17 is rotatably connected to the connecting roller 16. When the hydraulic limit assembly is depressurized, the hydraulic connecting assembly is pressurized, causing the connecting roller 16 to rotate.

[0038] The connecting roller 16 is connected to the side wall of the adjusting groove 5 of the sampling head 2 via a bearing and is directly driven to rotate by the hydraulic plate 13. The auxiliary roller 17 is connected to the outer end of the connecting roller 16 via another set of bearings (such as needle roller bearings), allowing it to rotate freely around its own axis. When the connecting roller 16 swings to a predetermined position under hydraulic drive, the auxiliary roller 17, which is in contact with the orifice wall or sample column, can maintain rolling friction during equipment rotation or sample separation, greatly reducing scratching and resistance, protecting both the sample and the orifice wall, and making the operation smoother. In terms of material, the roller body can be made of surface-hardened alloy steel to enhance wear resistance.

[0039] like Figure 7 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder 6 is embedded inside the sampling head 2.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the sampling head 2 is equipped with cutting teeth 18.

[0041] The cutting teeth 18 are made of cemented carbide (such as YG8). Their models can be selected according to the hardness of the rock strata, with different shapes (such as wedges and cones) and arrangements. They are mainly responsible for breaking and cutting the rock strata during drilling to form a sample column.

[0042] like Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the two auxiliary side rollers 7 are the first side roller and the second side roller, respectively. When the hydraulic limiting component is depressurized, the first side roller rotates outward and the second side roller rotates inward towards the sampling head 2. When the sampling head 2 and the sampling rod 1 are misaligned, the first side roller abuts against the inner wall of the sampling hole and the second side roller abuts against the sample column.

[0043] The first side roller (rotating outwards) abuts against the inner wall of the borehole after its action, mainly serving a stabilizing and supporting function to prevent the equipment from wobbling or the borehole wall from collapsing during sample separation. The second side roller (rotating inwards) abuts against the outer side of the sample column, providing the main radial clamping force to ensure that the sample column can be effectively rotated until it breaks off from the root when the sampling rod 1 is rotated.

[0044] How to use: Align the connecting groove 4 of the sampling head 2 with the connecting lug 3 at the lower end of the sampling rod 1, insert the limiting bolt 9 through the limiting hole of the connecting lug 3 and screw in the fixing nut 8 to complete the mechanical guide connection.

[0045] Start the hydraulic system (which can be located on the ground or integrated on the drilling rig), supply oil to the hydraulic limit assembly, push the limit plug rod 11 to press against the connecting lug 3, so that the sampling rod 1 and the sampling head 2 are rigidly locked together.

[0046] The assembled equipment is lowered to the predetermined sampling depth in the borehole via a drill rod or directly connected to the drill rig's power head.

[0047] The driving sampling rod 1 rotates, and the torque is transmitted to the sampling head 2 through the locking connection.

[0048] The cutting teeth 18 at the bottom of the sampling head 2 break the rock layer, perform circumferential cutting, form a sample column and enter the cavity inside the sampling head 2; continue drilling until the required length of sample column is obtained.

[0049] After sampling is completed, stop drilling and keep the equipment in place.

[0050] Operate the hydraulic control system to execute the reversing action. At this time: a. Hydraulic limit assembly pressure relief: The oil pressure in the first limit chamber 10 is released, the limit plug rod 11 retracts, and the locking of the connecting lug 3 is released.

[0051] b. Synchronous pressurization of hydraulic connection components: Pressurized oil enters the second limiting chamber 12 of the two hydraulic connection components through the second hydraulic pipe 15, driving the two hydraulic plates 13 to swing.

[0052] c. Side roller operation: Driven by the hydraulic plate 13, the two auxiliary side rollers 7 and the connecting roller 16 begin to rotate. The first side roller rotates outward to tighten the borehole wall, and the second side roller rotates inward to grip the side of the sample column. At the same time, due to the release of the locking mechanism, the sampling head 2, under the reaction force of the side rollers, produces a slight axial misalignment with the sampling rod 1.

[0053] The drilling rig is started slowly, with only the sampling rod 1 rotated. Since the sampling head 2 is clamped between the sample column and the borehole wall by the second side roller and the first side roller respectively, its rotation is restricted. The rotating sampling rod 1, guided by the limiting bolt 9, converts the torque into a torque force on the root of the sample column, causing it to undergo fatigue fracture at the weak point, thereby achieving a smooth and undamaged separation from the underlying geological layer.

[0054] After the sample is separated, the equipment is directly removed from the borehole.

[0055] Upon reaching the ground, the hydraulic system is restored to relock the sampling head 2 and sampling rod 1, the auxiliary side roller 7 is retracted, and the sample column is poured out for subsequent geological analysis.

[0056] The above-described specific embodiments are merely specific examples of the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the product form and style of the above-described specific embodiments. Any coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling equipment that conforms to the claims of the present invention, and any appropriate changes or modifications made to it by those skilled in the art, shall fall within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling device, characterized in that: Includes a sampling rod (1) and a sampling head (2). The lower end of the sampling rod (1) is provided with a connecting ear (3). The top of the sampling head (2) is recessed to form a connecting groove (4). A hydraulic limiting component is provided inside the connecting groove (4). The connecting ear (3) and the connecting groove (4) are detachably connected. The hydraulic limiting component is used to press and position the connecting ear (3). The sampling head (2) has two symmetrical adjustment grooves (5) on its side. An auxiliary side roller (7) is rotatably connected inside the adjustment groove (5). A hydraulic connection assembly is provided at the connection between the auxiliary side roller (7) and the sampling head (2). A hydraulic cylinder (6) is connected between the hydraulic connection assembly and the hydraulic limiting assembly. When the hydraulic limiting assembly is depressurized, the two hydraulic connection assemblies are pressurized, causing the two auxiliary side rollers (7) to rotate outward and inward respectively. The sampling head (2) and the sampling rod (1) are misaligned, and the sampling head (2) is squeezed between the sample column. At this time, if the sampling rod (1) is rotated again, the sample column can be separated from the geological layer.

2. The coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the connecting groove (4) is provided with a fixing nut (8), and the connecting ear (3) is provided with a limiting hole. When the connecting ear (3) extends into the connecting groove (4), the limiting hole is axially opposite to the fixing nut (8). The fixing nut (8) is detachably connected to a limiting bolt (9), and the connecting ear (3) can move along the length direction of the limiting bolt (9).

3. The coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the connecting groove (4) is greater than the width of the connecting lug (3); The hydraulic limiting assembly includes a first limiting cavity (10) and a limiting plug rod (11). One end of the limiting plug rod (11) is slidably disposed in the first limiting cavity (10), and the other end of the limiting plug rod (11) extends into the interior of the connecting groove (4). The limiting plug rod (11) is used to press against the connecting ear (3) so that the connecting ear (3) is fixedly assembled with the sampling head (2).

4. The coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two hydraulic connection components are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner. The hydraulic connection components include an arc-shaped second limiting cavity (12). The connecting shaft of the auxiliary side roller (7) is equipped with a hydraulic plate (13). The connecting shaft is coaxial with the second limiting cavity (12). The hydraulic plate (13) can swing against the arc-shaped inner wall of the second limiting cavity (12). Two first hydraulic pipes (14) are configured at one end of the hydraulic cylinder (6), and two second hydraulic pipes (15) are configured at the other end of the hydraulic cylinder (6). The two first hydraulic pipes (14) are respectively connected to two hydraulic limiting components, and the outer ends of the two second hydraulic pipes (15) are respectively connected to the second limiting cavities (12) of the two hydraulic connecting components.

5. The coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary side roller (7) includes a connecting roller (16) and an auxiliary roller (17). The connecting roller (16) is rotatably connected to the sampling head (2), and the auxiliary roller (17) is rotatably connected to the connecting roller (16). When the hydraulic limit assembly is depressurized, the hydraulic connecting assembly is pressurized, causing the connecting roller (16) to rotate.

6. The coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder (6) is embedded inside the sampling head (2).

7. The coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the sampling head (2) is provided with cutting teeth (18).

8. The coal mine geological exploration drilling and sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two auxiliary side rollers (7) are the first side roller and the second side roller, respectively. When the hydraulic limit assembly is depressurized, the first side roller rotates outward and the second side roller rotates inward towards the sampling head (2). When the sampling head (2) and the sampling rod (1) are misaligned, the first side roller abuts against the inner wall of the sampling hole and the second side roller abuts against the sample column.

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