Layered sampling pipe for sampling river sediment and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a stratified sampling pipe for sampling river sediment and a use method thereof. The device is suitable for the technical field of river sediment sampling. According to the technical scheme, the sampling device comprises a sampling barrel which is of a semi-cylindrical structure, a mud drilling base is arranged at any end of the sampling barrel, a mud drilling opening is formed in the mud drilling base, a plurality of sampling observation openings are formed in the inner side wall of the sampling barrel in a penetrating mode, and a protection part covering the sampling observation openings is detachably arranged on the outer side wall of the sampling barrel; the half pipe is of a semi-cylindrical structure and is detachably mounted on the mud drilling base, and the half pipe and the sampling barrel are matched to define a cylindrical barrel body; the adjusting assembly is arranged at the end, away from the mud drilling base, of the cylindrical barrel in a sleeving mode and used for locking the half pipe and the sampling barrel; the non-return assembly is arranged in the mud drilling opening of the mud drilling base, can open the mud drilling opening to enable the mud sample to enter the cylindrical barrel when the mud drilling opening is inserted downwards, and can close the mud drilling opening when the mud drilling opening is lifted upwards to prevent the mud sample in the pipe from flowing back; and the sampling assembly is matched with the sampling observation opening in an inserting manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of riverbed sediment sampling technology, and in particular to a stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Layered sampling tubes for riverbed sediment sampling refer to devices used to collect columnar sediment samples and obtain stratified samples according to depth. They are usually single-lumen tubes that penetrate into the sediment to obtain complete columnar samples before being manually or mechanically layered. The aim is to preserve the original structure and physicochemical properties of each sediment layer to provide a basis for environmental assessment and engineering remediation.

[0003] Currently, during the extraction, handling, and subsequent sample processing of stratified sampling tubes, the mud layers at different depths inside the tube become mixed due to the fluidity of the sample itself and external vibrations. This interlayer mixing problem directly destroys the stratified structure and original representativeness of the sample. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling and its usage method, in view of the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling, comprising: The sampling tube has a semi-cylindrical structure with a mud-drilling base at one end. The mud-drilling base has a mud-drilling port inside. Multiple sampling observation ports are opened through the inner wall of the sampling tube. A protective part covering the sampling observation ports is detachably installed on the outer wall of the sampling tube. The half-tube, with a semi-cylindrical structure, can be detachably installed on the drilling mud base. The half-tube and the sampling tube are combined to form a cylindrical body. An adjustment component, fitted onto the end of the cylindrical body away from the mud base, is used to lock the half-tube to the sampling tube; The anti-reverse component is located inside the mud inlet of the mud base. It can open the mud inlet when the mud is inserted to allow the mud sample to enter the cylindrical body, and close the mud inlet when it is lifted to prevent the mud sample from flowing back into the tube. The sampling component, which is plugged into the sampling observation port, can be inserted into the corresponding layer of the sampling observation port to extract mud samples from the corresponding layer inside the cylindrical tube.

[0006] Using the aforementioned technical methods, a cylindrical body is formed by the combination of a half-tube and a sampling tube. An adjusting component locks the half-tube and sampling tube together, creating a high-rigidity integral cylindrical structure. This ensures structural stability and internal wall sealing during the penetration of the stratified sampling tube into the bottom sediment, reducing initial disturbance caused by structural deformation or gaps. A check valve component at the port of the sampling tube creates a check structure. This structure ensures that the mud sample enters the cylindrical body when the stratified sampling tube is pressed into the riverbed sediment, and closes the drilling port when the tube is pulled up, preventing mud sample from flowing out from the bottom and maintaining the vertical integrity of the mud sample. Simultaneously, the sampling observation port on the sampling component and sampling tube facilitates the extraction of mud samples from specific layers inside the cylindrical body.

[0007] In some embodiments, the anti-reverse component includes a mounting frame and anti-reverse plates. The mounting frame is embedded in the drilling hole of the drilling mud base. A guide port is provided through the inside of the mounting frame. An adjustment port with an opening area larger than the guide port is provided on the wall surface of the mounting frame facing the inside of the sampling tube. A pair of anti-reverse plates rotating in opposite directions are rotatably installed in the adjustment port. The pair of anti-reverse plates are inclined and their ends abut against each other.

[0008] In some embodiments, the rotation angle of the pair of anti-reverse plates within the adjustment port is less than 60°, and the included angle formed between the pair of anti-reverse plates is greater than 30°.

[0009] In some embodiments, the protective component includes an arc-shaped plate frame, and the side wall of the sampling cylinder is detachably fitted with the arc-shaped plate frame. The side wall of the arc-shaped plate frame is provided with a plurality of transparent observation windows corresponding one-to-one with the sampling observation port. The adjustment component is sleeved on the outer wall of the end of the sampling cylinder, the half tube and the arc-shaped plate frame to fix the sampling cylinder, the half tube and the arc-shaped plate frame.

[0010] In some embodiments, the drilling mud base is provided with an inlet and a slot, a set of arc-shaped insertion cavities are symmetrically provided on both sides of the sampling tube, arc-shaped insertion plates are provided on both sides of the half tube, arc-shaped insertion plates are provided on both sides of the arc-shaped mounting frame, the bottom of the half tube is inserted into the inlet of the drilling mud base, the arc-shaped insertion plates on both sides of the half tube are inserted into the arc-shaped insertion cavity on one side of the sampling tube, the bottom of the arc-shaped mounting frame is inserted into the slot of the drilling mud base, and the arc-shaped insertion plates of the arc-shaped mounting frame are inserted into the arc-shaped insertion cavity on the other side of the sampling tube.

[0011] In some embodiments, the adjustment assembly includes a sleeve, a disc-shaped adjustment handle, and a locking element. The sampling cylinder, the half-tube, and the arc-shaped plate frame are fitted together to form a cylindrical body. The end of the cylindrical body away from the drilling mud base is fitted with a sleeve. The top of the sleeve is connected to a disc-shaped adjustment handle in the shape of an inverted cone. The sleeve is provided with a locking element that penetrates the sampling cylinder, the half-tube, and the arc-shaped plate frame. The locking element is used to press and fix the sampling cylinder, the half-tube, and the arc-shaped plate frame.

[0012] In some embodiments, the locking element includes a smooth bolt and an adjusting lever. The sampling cylinder has a first insertion hole on its own end sidewall away from the drilling mud base. The sidewall of the arc-shaped plate frame has a second insertion hole corresponding to the first insertion hole. The sidewall of the sleeve has a third insertion hole. The end of the half tube has a threaded groove. The end of the smooth bolt is connected to the adjusting lever. The outer wall of the smooth bolt has an external thread that can engage with the threaded groove. The smooth bolt passes through the third insertion hole, the second insertion hole, the first insertion hole, and is screwed into the threaded groove to fix the sampling cylinder, the half tube, the arc-shaped plate frame, and the sleeve.

[0013] In some embodiments, the sampling assembly includes a separator sampler, which includes a handle and a sampling frame. The handle is connected to the outer wall of the end of the sampling frame, and a sampling cavity is provided inside the sampling frame. The sampling frame matches the sampling observation port, and the inner wall of the half tube corresponding to the sampling observation port is planar to fit the end of the sampling frame.

[0014] Another technical solution adopted in this invention is: a method for using a stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling, applicable to a stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling, comprising the following steps: S1. Assembly: Install the half-tube and protective component onto the drilling mud base of the sampling tube, so that the half-tube, sampling tube and protective component cooperate to form a cylindrical body. Install the adjustment component at the end of the cylindrical body. The adjustment component locks the half-tube and sampling tube to complete the assembly of the layered sampling tube. S2. Use: Adjust the position of the layered sampling tube by adjusting the component so that the drilling port of the mud drilling base corresponds to the preset mud drilling position. Then, vertically insert the assembled layered sampling tube into the river mud layer at the corresponding position. At this time, the mud sample squeezed into the sampling tube enters the space formed by the sampling tube and the half tube through the anti-reverse component. Then, lift the adjusting component to take out the entire layered sampling tube. S3. Layered sampling: Disassemble the adjustment component inside the layered sampling tube, and insert the sampling component horizontally into the sampling observation port of the sampling tube to cut the mud sample at the corresponding position.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. By connecting the sampling tube and the half-tube and locking them with the adjusting component, a high-rigidity integral cylindrical structure is formed. This ensures that the sampling tube remains structurally stable and its inner wall is sealed during the penetration of the bottom mud, thus preventing initial disturbance caused by structural deformation or gaps, and providing a fundamental guarantee for obtaining cylindrical mud samples. The check valve component allows the mud sample to naturally enter the sampling tube during penetration and automatically closes the drilling port during lifting. This check valve component forms a one-way valve structure at the drilling port, effectively preventing backflow or exchange of the sample with the outside during critical transportation stages, maintaining the integrity of the sample in the vertical direction, and solving the problem of interlayer mixing during extraction and handling.

[0016] 2. By setting multiple through-hole sampling observation ports on the side wall of the sampling tube, in-situ non-destructive observation of the mud sample profile after sampling and determination of the layer interface based on intuitive vision are realized. With the help of insertable sampling components, samples from specific layers can be directly taken out from the observation port at the corresponding depth after the sampling tube is pulled out, without having to pour out or cut the entire column sample, thus avoiding interlayer mixing caused by overall disturbance in traditional methods. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the layered sampling tube in this application; Figure 2 This is a vertical sectional view of the entire layered sampling tube in this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view of the entire layered sampling tube in this application; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the entire layered sampling tube in this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the separator sampler inserted into the sampling observation port in this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separator sampler in this application.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Sampling tube; 110. Insertion port; 120. Slot; 130. Sampling observation port; 140. First insertion hole; 150. Arc-shaped insertion cavity; 200. Half tube; 210. Threaded groove; 300. Arc-shaped mounting plate frame; 310. Second insertion hole; 400. Transparent observation window; 500. Adjustment component; 510. Insert sleeve; 511. Third insertion hole; 520. Smooth rod bolt; 530. Adjustment lever; 540. Disc-shaped adjustment handle; 600. Anti-reverse component; 610. Mounting frame; 611. Guide port; 612. Adjustment port; 620. Anti-reverse plate; 700. Arc-shaped insertion plate; 800. Separator sampler; 801. Sampling frame; 802. Handle; 900. Drill mud base.

[0019] This specification includes references to "one embodiment" or "implementation". The use of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with this disclosure.

[0020] The term "comprising" is open-ended. As used in the appended claims, it does not exclude additional structures or steps.

[0021] "First," "second," etc. As used in this article, these terms serve as labels for the nouns preceding them and do not imply any type of ordering (e.g., spatial, temporal, logical, etc.).

[0022] The term "based on," as used herein, describes one or more factors that influence the determination. This term does not exclude additional factors influencing the determination. That is, the determination may be based solely on these factors or at least partially on them. Consider the phrase "A is determined based on B." In this case, B is the factor influencing the determination of A, and such phrases do not exclude the possibility that the determination of A may also be based on C. In other instances, A may be determined solely on B. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1: Combination Figures 1 to 7As shown, this embodiment is a layered sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling, including a sampling cylinder 100, a half-tube 200, an adjusting component 500, a check valve component 600, and a sampling component. Both the sampling cylinder 100 and the half-tube 200 have a semi-cylindrical structure. A drilling base 900 is provided at either end of the sampling cylinder 100, with a drilling port inside. Multiple sampling observation ports 130 are spaced apart and extend along the axial direction on the inner sidewall of the sampling cylinder 100. A protective component covering the sampling observation ports 130 is provided on the outer sidewall of the sampling cylinder 100. The half-tube 200 and the sampling cylinder 100 are assembled to form a cylindrical body. The adjusting component 500 is fitted onto the end of the cylindrical body away from the drilling base 900, and is used to lock the half-tube 200 and the sampling cylinder 100 together. The drilling mud base 900 has a backflow preventer 600 inside its drilling hole. The backflow preventer 600 can open the drilling hole when the cylindrical body is lowered to allow mud samples to enter the cylindrical body, and can close the drilling hole when the cylindrical body is raised to prevent mud samples from flowing out of the tube. The sampling component is inserted into the sampling observation port 130. The sampling component can be inserted into the corresponding layer of the sampling observation port 130 to take out mud samples from the corresponding layer inside the cylindrical body.

[0025] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the end of the mud-drilling base 900 on the sampling tube 100 is machined into a sharp cutting edge structure, which facilitates the vertical and smooth cutting of the sampling tube into riverbed mud layers of different densities and reduces insertion resistance.

[0026] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 2 As shown, the protective component includes an arc-shaped plate frame 300. The arc-shaped plate frame 300 is detachably installed on the side wall of the sampling cylinder 100. The side wall of the arc-shaped plate frame 300 is provided with a plurality of transparent observation windows 400 corresponding one-to-one with the sampling observation port 130. The adjustment component 500 is sleeved on the outer wall of the end of the sampling cylinder 100, the half tube 200 and the arc-shaped plate frame 300 to fix the sampling cylinder 100, the half tube 200 and the arc-shaped plate frame 300.

[0027] The transparent observation window 400 allows for direct viewing of the state of mud layers at various depths, such as color, texture, and boundary clarity, facilitating the assessment of disturbance or mixing. This provides visual evidence for determining the stratification interface and enhances on-site judgment. The sampling observation port 130 provides a direct radial channel for observing the mud sample profile and performing stratified sampling operations. It also assists in precise sampling, allowing for confirmation of the target layer location without disassembling the sampling tube, thus improving the accuracy of sampling component insertion. This is a key structure for achieving visualized and precise stratified sampling.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the drilling mud base 900 is provided with an insertion port 110 and a slot 120. A set of arc-shaped insertion cavities 150 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sampling tube 100. Arc-shaped insertion plates 700 are provided on both sides of the half-tube 200, and arc-shaped insert frames 300 are also provided on both sides. The bottom of the half-tube 200 is inserted into the insertion port 110 of the drilling mud base 900. The arc-shaped insertion plates 700 on both sides of the half-tube 200 are engaged with the arc-shaped insertion cavity 150 on one side of the sampling tube 100. The detachable half-tube 200 facilitates subsequent cleaning of residual samples in the sampling tube 100. The bottom of the arc-shaped insert frame 300 is inserted into the slot 120 of the drilling mud base 900, and the arc-shaped insertion plates 700 on both sides of the arc-shaped insert frame 300 are engaged with the arc-shaped insertion cavity 150 on the other side of the sampling tube 100.

[0029] The insertion port 110 and slot 120 on the mud drilling base 900 provide a precise installation and positioning reference for the half-tube 200 and the arc-shaped mounting plate frame 300, ensuring that the three can be quickly and accurately assembled into a complete cylindrical sampling tube. The symmetrically distributed arc-shaped insertion cavities 150, in conjunction with the arc-shaped insertion plate 700, provide additional radial positioning and constraint, jointly enhancing the overall structural stability and sealing, preventing component displacement or mud / water leakage during sampling. The symmetrical design increases the contact area and constraint points between components, effectively preventing relative displacement or gaps in the components under sampling stress, thus improving the overall structural rigidity, sealing, and reliability. The insertion structure ensures precise alignment of the half-tube 200, the arc-shaped mounting plate frame 300, and the sampling tube 100 in both the axial and circumferential directions, avoiding misalignment that could lead to clogging of the observation port or mud / sample leakage. Structurally, the arc-shaped mounting plate frame 300, together with the sampling cylinder 100 and the half-tube 200, forms a three-lobed cylinder, which improves overall rigidity and reduces structural loosening or mud sample disturbance caused by vibration during handling. Meanwhile, the entire device adopts modular assembly and disassembly, facilitating rapid on-site assembly, component replacement, or cleaning, thus improving equipment reusability and maintenance efficiency.

[0030] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the adjustment assembly 500 includes a sleeve 510, a disc-shaped adjustment handle 540, and a locking element. The sampling cylinder 100, the half-tube 200, and the arc-shaped plate frame 300 are fitted together to form a cylindrical body. The sleeve 510 is sleeved on the end of the cylindrical body away from the drilling mud base 900. The top of the sleeve 510 is connected to the disc-shaped adjustment handle 540, which is inverted conical. The sleeve 510 is provided with a locking element that passes through the sampling cylinder 100, the half-tube 200, and the arc-shaped plate frame 300. The locking element is used to press and fix the sampling cylinder 100, the half-tube 200, and the arc-shaped plate frame 300.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, the locking components include a polished rod bolt 520 and an adjusting lever 530. The sampling tube 100 has a first insertion hole 140 on its side wall away from the drilling mud base 900. The side wall of the arc-shaped mounting plate frame 300 has a second insertion hole 310 corresponding to the first insertion hole 140, providing a passage for the polished rod bolt 520 to pass through and bearing part of the force, making the connection more stable. The side wall of the insert 510 has a third insertion hole 511. The end of the half tube 200 has a threaded groove 210 that can connect to the first insertion hole 140, providing a firm threaded interface for connecting the polished rod bolt 520. This is one of the core connection points to ensure the structural rigidity and integrity of the sampling tube in the working state. An adjusting lever 530 is connected to the end of the smooth bolt 520. The outer wall of the smooth bolt 520 has an external thread that can mate with the threaded groove 210. The smooth bolt 520 passes through the third insertion hole 511, the second insertion hole 310, the first insertion hole 140, and is screwed into the threaded groove 210 to fix the sampling cylinder 100, the half tube 200, the arc-shaped patch frame 300, and the insert 510. Specifically, in this embodiment, the adjusting lever 530 has rounded corners for easy manual tightening, ensuring safe and comfortable operation.

[0032] A single bolt passes through the insert 510, the arc-shaped mounting plate frame 300, the sampling tube 100, and the half-tube 200 simultaneously to press the sampling tube 100, half-tube 200, and mounting plate frame together. The bolt is then threaded into the threaded groove 210 of the half-tube 200, forming a complete cylindrical body. This ensures structural stability during transportation and operation, preventing mud sample shaking or mixing due to loosening. An adjustment lever 530 is provided at the end of the smooth bolt 520 for easy manual tightening / loosening. The inverted conical handle provides a good grip and force application point, serving as both the force point for lifting the entire sampling tube and the handheld operating point for vertical insertion, improving operational convenience and stability.

[0033] In some embodiments, the anti-reverse assembly 600 includes a mounting frame 610 and anti-reverse plates 620. The mounting frame 610 is embedded in the mud-drilling port of the mud-drilling base 900. A guide port 611 is provided through the interior of the mounting frame 610. An adjustment port 612 with an opening area larger than the guide port 611 is provided on the wall of the mounting frame 610 facing the interior of the sampling cylinder 100. A pair of anti-reverse plates 620 are rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 610 at the adjustment port 612. The pair of anti-reverse plates 620 are inclined and their ends abut against each other, forming an obtuse angle between the pair of anti-reverse plates 620 with their openings facing the adjustment port 612. Specifically, in this embodiment, the rotatable angle of the pair of anti-reverse plates 620 within the adjustment port 612 is less than 60°, and the minimum included angle formed between the pair of anti-reverse plates 620 is greater than 30°.

[0034] Reliable unidirectional flow is achieved through a pair of check plates 620. During downward sampling, the mud-water pressure pushes open the check plates 620 to enter the tube; during upward lifting, the weight of the mud sample causes the check plates 620 to close automatically, effectively preventing the sample already taken from flowing back out from the bottom and exchanging with the external mud-water during the lifting process. This maximizes the preservation of the original layered structure of the sample and achieves the core function of preventing disturbance. By limiting the rotation angle to <60° to avoid excessive flipping and jamming of the plate, and the included angle to >30° to ensure an effective sealing surface when closed, while leaving elastic margin to cope with mud samples containing debris, the rotation angle and minimum included angle of the check plates 620 are limited to ensure that they can be opened smoothly to allow mud samples to enter, and can be reliably closed during lifting.

[0035] In some embodiments, the sampling assembly includes a partition sampler 800, which includes a handle 802 and a sampling frame 801. The outer wall of the sampling frame 801 is connected to the handle 802 for easy gripping and force application. The handle 802 has friction textures. The sampling frame 801 has a sampling cavity inside, and the sampling frame 801 matches the sampling observation port 130. Figure 4 As shown, the inner wall of the half-tube 200 corresponding to the sampling observation port 130 is planar to fit the end of the sampling frame 801.

[0036] Furthermore, the end sidewall of the sampling frame 801 is provided with a cutting edge that conforms to the shape of the planar tube wall, so as to facilitate insertion into the mud sample and to fit tightly against the inner wall of the tube, achieving effective sealing and isolation. In this embodiment, the separator sampler 800 is made of a high-strength, corrosion-resistant material.

[0037] By engaging the sampling frame 801 of the separator sampler 800 with the sampling observation port 130, it ensures smooth radial horizontal insertion from the sampling observation port 130. The sampling frame 801 only cuts into the target layer without disturbing the upper and lower mud samples, truly achieving in-situ stratification. The planar fit between the end of the sampling frame 801 and the inner wall of the half-tube 200 reduces gaps, allowing the sampling cavity to completely capture the mud column of that layer, avoiding sample loss or contamination. The handle 802 is designed for easy pushing and pulling, suitable for bottom mud of different hardness.

[0038] The implementation principle of the layered sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling in this embodiment is as follows: The sampling cylinder 100, half-tube 200, and arc-shaped plate frame 300 are fitted together via a cavity-plate connection and a bottom insertion port 110 / slot 120 to form a complete cylindrical sampling chamber. The ends are locked by the adjustment component 500 to ensure that the cylinder does not loosen or leak during insertion, lifting, and transportation, effectively suppressing mud layer disturbance caused by external vibration. At the same time, the connection design of components such as the smooth rod bolt 520 and the insertion sleeve 510 ensures structural stability and convenient operation.

[0039] The drilling mud base 900 has a built-in double check plate structure, forming a one-way check plate sampling mechanism. When the layered sampling tube is inserted vertically, the bottom mud enters the tube body through the guide port 611 in the check plate component 600, which pushes open the two check plates 620. When it is lifted, the check plates 620 automatically close to form a one-way valve structure, which effectively prevents the mud sample in the tube from flowing back and exchanging with the outside, thereby avoiding interlayer mixing during the tube pulling process and maintaining the original layered structure of the sample.

[0040] After sequentially removing the smooth rod bolt 520, the insert 510 of the adjusting component 500, and the arc-shaped plate frame 300, the mud sample profile can be directly observed in situ through the sampling observation port 130 of the sampling tube 100 and the transparent observation window 400 of the arc-shaped plate frame 300. The transparent observation window 400 on the arc-shaped plate frame 300 corresponds one-to-one with the sampling observation port 130, allowing for intuitive identification of each mud layer interface without disassembly, providing a basis for accurate stratification.

[0041] By using a horizontally inserted sampling component to cut a specified mud layer, visualization and precise layered sampling based on the real layer interface are achieved, capturing only the mud sample of that layer without disturbing the layers above and below.

[0042] Example 2: This embodiment describes a method for using a stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling, applied to the stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling described in Embodiment 1, and includes the following steps: S1. Assembly: Install the half-tube 200 and the protective component onto the drilling mud base 900 of the sampling tube 100, so that the half-tube 200, the sampling tube 100 and the protective component cooperate to form a cylindrical body. Install the adjustment component 500 at the end of the cylindrical body. The adjustment component 500 locks the half-tube 200 and the sampling tube 100 to complete the assembly of the layered sampling tube.

[0043] S1.1 Insert the half tube 200 and the arc-shaped insert plate 700 on the arc-shaped plate frame 300 from top to bottom into the arc-shaped insert cavity 150 corresponding to the insertion port 110 and slot 120 of the sampling tube 100. When the half tube 200 and the arc-shaped plate frame 300 are in place, insert the insert sleeve 510 into the top of the sampling tube 100.

[0044] S1.2 When the half-tube 200, the arc-shaped plate frame 300 and the sleeve 510 are all connected to the sampling tube 100, the first insertion hole 140 of the sampling tube 100, the threaded groove 210 of the half-tube 200, the second insertion hole 310 of the arc-shaped plate frame 300 and the third insertion hole 511 of the sleeve 510 are aligned and connected. Then, the smooth rod bolt 520 passes through the third insertion hole 511, the second insertion hole 310 and the first insertion hole 140 in sequence and is firmly threaded to the threaded groove 210. At this time, the layered sampling tube is assembled.

[0045] S2. In use, the position of the layered sampling tube is adjusted by adjusting component 500 so that the drilling port of the drilling base 900 corresponds to the preset drilling position. Then, the assembled layered sampling tube is vertically inserted into the river mud layer at the corresponding position. At this time, the mud sample squeezed into the sampling cylinder 100 enters the space formed by the sampling cylinder 100 and the half tube 200 through the check valve component 600. Then, the adjusting component 500 is lifted to remove the entire layered sampling tube.

[0046] S2.1 Align the opening of the sampling cylinder 100 with the corresponding position using the disc-shaped adjustment handle 540, and then insert it vertically into the river mud layer at the corresponding position. At this time, the mud sample squeezed into the sampling cylinder 100 pushes open the anti-reverse plate 620 along the guide port 611 of the mounting frame 610 and enters the space formed by the sampling cylinder 100 and the half tube 200.

[0047] S2.2 Then lift the disc-shaped adjusting handle 540 to remove the entire sampling tube.

[0048] S3. Layered sampling: Disassemble the adjustment component 500 inside the layered sampling tube, and insert the sampling component horizontally into the sampling observation port 130 of the sampling tube 100 to cut the mud sample at the corresponding position.

[0049] S3.1. Remove the smooth rod bolt 520, the insert 510 and the arc-shaped plate frame 300 in sequence. At this time, the sampling observation port 130 of the sampling cylinder 100 is exposed.

[0050] S3.2 The user can then horizontally insert the corresponding separator sampler 800 into the sampling observation port 130 to cut the mud sample at the corresponding position.

[0051] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling, characterized in that, include: The sampling tube (100) has a semi-cylindrical structure, with a mud drilling base (900) at one end. The mud drilling base (900) has a mud drilling port inside. Multiple sampling observation ports (130) are opened through the inner side wall of the sampling tube (100). A protective part covering the sampling observation port (130) is detachably provided on the outer side wall of the sampling tube (100). The half-tube (200) has a semi-cylindrical structure and can be detachably installed on the drilling mud base (900). The half-tube (200) and the sampling tube (100) are combined to form a cylindrical body. An adjustment component (500) is fitted onto the end of the cylindrical body away from the drilling mud base (900) and is used to lock the half tube (200) and the sampling tube (100); The anti-reverse component (600) is located inside the mud-drilling port of the mud-drilling base (900). It can open the mud-drilling port when the mud is inserted to allow the mud sample to enter the cylindrical body, and close the mud-drilling port when it is lifted to prevent the mud sample in the tube from flowing back. The sampling component is inserted into the sampling observation port (130) and can be inserted into the corresponding layer of the sampling observation port (130) to take out the mud sample of the corresponding layer inside the cylindrical tube.

2. The stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-reverse assembly (600) includes a mounting frame (610) and an anti-reverse plate (620). The mounting frame (610) is embedded in the mud hole of the mud drilling base (900). A guide port (611) is provided through the inside of the mounting frame (610). An adjustment port (612) with an opening area larger than the guide port (611) is provided on the wall of the mounting frame (610) facing the inside of the sampling cylinder (100). A pair of anti-reverse plates (620) rotating in opposite directions are rotatably installed in the adjustment port (612). The pair of anti-reverse plates (620) are inclined and their ends abut against each other.

3. A stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotation angle of the pair of anti-reverse plates (620) within the adjustment port (612) is less than 60°, and the included angle formed between the pair of anti-reverse plates (620) is greater than 30°.

4. A stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective component includes an arc-shaped plate frame (300). The side wall of the sampling cylinder (100) is detachably fitted with an arc-shaped plate frame (300). The side wall of the arc-shaped plate frame (300) is provided with a plurality of transparent observation windows (400) corresponding one-to-one with the sampling observation port (130). The adjustment component (500) is sleeved on the outer wall of the end of the sampling cylinder (100), the half tube (200) and the arc-shaped plate frame (300) to fix the sampling cylinder (100), the half tube (200) and the arc-shaped plate frame (300).

5. A stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drilling mud base (900) is provided with an insertion port (110) and a slot (120). A set of arc-shaped insertion cavities (150) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the sampling tube (100). Arc-shaped insertion plates (700) are provided on both sides of the half tube (200). Arc-shaped insertion plates (700) are provided on both sides of the arc-shaped mounting frame (300). The bottom of the half tube (200) is inserted into the insertion port of the drilling mud base (900). Inside (110), the arc-shaped insert plates (700) on both sides of the half tube (200) are inserted into the arc-shaped cavity (150) on one side of the sampling tube (100), and the bottom of the arc-shaped plate frame (300) is inserted into the slot (120) of the drilling mud base (900). The arc-shaped insert plates (700) of the arc-shaped plate frame (300) are inserted into the arc-shaped cavity (150) on the other side of the sampling tube (100).

6. A stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (500) includes a sleeve (510), a disc-shaped adjustment handle (540), and a locking element. The sampling cylinder (100), the half-tube (200), and the arc-shaped plate frame (300) are fitted together to form a cylindrical body. The sleeve (510) is fitted onto the end of the cylindrical body away from the drilling mud base (900). The top of the sleeve (510) is connected to a disc-shaped adjustment handle (540) in the shape of an inverted cone. The sleeve (510) is provided with a locking element that penetrates the sampling cylinder (100), the half-tube (200), and the arc-shaped plate frame (300). The locking element is used to press and fix the sampling cylinder (100), the half-tube (200), and the arc-shaped plate frame (300).

7. A stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking components include a smooth rod bolt (520) and an adjusting lever (530). The sampling cylinder (100) has a first insertion hole (140) on its own end side wall away from the drilling mud base (900). The arc-shaped plate frame (300) has a second insertion hole (310) corresponding to the first insertion hole (140) on its side wall. The sleeve (510) has a third insertion hole (511) on its side wall. The end of the half tube (200) has a threaded groove (210). The end of the smooth bolt (520) is connected to an adjusting pawl (530). The outer wall of the smooth bolt (520) is provided with an external thread that can engage with the threaded groove (210). The smooth bolt (520) passes through the third insertion hole (511), the second insertion hole (310), the first insertion hole (140) and is screwed into the threaded groove (210) to fix the sampling cylinder (100), the half tube (200), the arc-shaped patch frame (300) and the sleeve (510).

8. A stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling assembly includes a separator sampler (800), which includes a handle (802) and a sampling frame (801). The handle (802) is connected to the outer wall of the end of the sampling frame (801). The sampling frame (801) has a sampling cavity inside. The sampling frame (801) matches the sampling observation port (130). The inner wall of the half tube (200) corresponding to the sampling observation port (130) is planar to fit the end of the sampling frame (801).

9. A method for using a stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling, characterized in that, The method for using the stratified sampling tube for riverbed sediment sampling as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 includes the following steps: S1. Assembly: Install the half-tube (200) and protective component on the drilling mud base (900) of the sampling tube (100) so that the half-tube (200), sampling tube (100) and protective component cooperate to form a cylindrical body. Install the adjustment component (500) at the end of the cylindrical body. The adjustment component (500) locks the half-tube (200) and sampling tube (100) to complete the assembly of the layered sampling tube. S2. Use: Adjust the position of the layered sampling tube by adjusting the component (500) so that the drilling port of the drilling base (900) corresponds to the preset drilling position. Then, vertically insert the assembled layered sampling tube into the river mud layer at the corresponding position. At this time, the mud sample squeezed into the sampling tube (100) enters the space formed by the sampling tube (100) and the half tube (200) through the check valve component (600). Then, lift the adjusting component (500) to take out the entire layered sampling tube. S3. Layered sampling: Disassemble the adjustment component (500) inside the layered sampling tube, and insert the sampling component horizontally into the sampling observation port (130) of the sampling tube (100) to cut the mud sample at the corresponding position.

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