Geological deep soil texture detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a geological deep soil texture detection device and detection method, and relates to the technical field of geological drilling detection. The geological deep soil texture detection device comprises an impact pile, a tamper is arranged at the top of the impact pile, the impact pile comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and a clamping cylinder, the clamping cylinder is located between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, a drill bit is fixed to the bottom end of the clamping cylinder, and driving parts for controlling the clamping cylinder to rotate are arranged at the top of the impact pile. And the rammer is used for ramming the impact pile downwards. Through the arrangement of the tamping device, the impact pile and the like, the device is different from a traditional drilling detection device in the detection and sampling process, the device can be suitable for drilling operation in different environments due to the simultaneous tamping and rotary drilling effect, the situation that soil blocks to be detected are layered and disordered can be avoided, and the effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological drilling and testing technology, specifically to a deep geological soil testing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] During geological exploration, it is often necessary to drill and sample deep soil layers to analyze parameters such as soil structure and bearing capacity. Traditional soil testing equipment mainly uses drilling rigs or impact rams. Drilling rigs drill continuously by rotating the drill bit. However, during drilling, the continuous rotation and friction of the drill bit can easily cause soil at different depths to mix in the drill rod auger blades or drill barrel, resulting in chaotic original stratification information of the soil sample and making it difficult to conduct subsequent stratification testing and analysis. Impact rams drive the sampling tube into the ground by impacting it with a heavy hammer. They are effective in areas with soft soil, but when encountering hard soil layers, simple impact is often inefficient, and the violent impact may cause the soil around the sampling tube to collapse, affecting the representativeness of the sampling area.

[0003] Furthermore, regardless of whether it is a drilling or tamping method, during the lifting of the sampling tube, a large frictional resistance is generated between the soil sample and the tube wall, which can easily cause the sample to get stuck in the tube and be difficult to remove completely, or to be squeezed and deformed, affecting the accuracy of the test results. Therefore, the existing soil testing devices still need improvement in terms of ensuring the integrity of the original soil structure, improving the drilling efficiency of hard soil, and avoiding sampling blockage. In view of this situation, the present invention proposes a new solution to improve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a geological deep soil testing device and method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a deep soil testing device, comprising an impact pile and a tamping device disposed on top of the impact pile. The impact pile includes an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, and a clamping cylinder, the clamping cylinder being located between the outer and inner cylinders, and a drill bit fixed to the bottom end of the clamping cylinder. The top of the impact pile is respectively provided with a drive component for controlling the rotation of the clamping cylinder, and the tamping device for driving the impact pile downwards.

[0006] Preferably, the driving component includes a conical disk fixed to the clamping cylinder, a mounting base is fixed on the surface of the outer cylinder, a driving source is provided on the mounting base, and a bevel gear that meshes with the conical disk is fixed at the output end of the driving source.

[0007] Preferably, the detection device further includes a support, the bottom of which is equipped with a telescopic sliding frame, and the impact pile is located between the two sides of the support and can move up and down along the height direction of the support.

[0008] Preferably, hoops are fixedly installed on both sides of the bracket, and the bracket is connected to a connecting arm through the hoops. A bottom sleeve is fixed between the two connecting arms, and the impact pile is slidably installed in the bottom sleeve. The bottom sleeve is close to the ground to limit the impact pile.

[0009] Preferably, the impact pile further includes a sampling tube, which is fixed to the middle of the conical disk by a sealed bearing, and extends upward into the tamper.

[0010] Preferably, columns are fixed on both sides of the bracket, and a limiting ring is slidably installed on the surface of the impact pile. The limiting ring extends out two arms and is sleeved on the surface of the columns.

[0011] Preferably, the outer cylinder surface of the impact pile is provided with ribs, and the inner wall of the limiting ring and the bottom sleeve are provided with corresponding notches at the ribs.

[0012] Preferably, the tamping device includes an impact block located at the top of the impact pile, the impact block is symmetrically provided with vibrators that vibrate at the same frequency, and the end of the impact block near the impact pile is provided with a cavity, the top end of the sampling tube is fixed to the inner wall of the top end of the cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the impact block is rotatably connected to the conical disk, and a pressure supply pipe is provided on the impact block, which is connected to the sampling pipe.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for testing deep soil layers using the above-mentioned deep soil testing device, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select the area to be tested for deep soil testing; Step 2: Level the selected ground surface to be tested; Step 3: Transfer the deep soil testing device to the area to be tested, fix the support to the ground to be tested, and adjust the impact pile to be perpendicular to the ground; Step 4: After confirming the status of the device, start it. The drive unit drives the clamp and drill bit to rotate and cut the soil. At the same time, the tamper drives the impact pile to tamp downwards, and the soil sample enters the sampling tube. Step 5: After completing the deep soil sampling, connect the pump to the sampling tube through the pressure supply pipe to pressurize the sampling tube; Step Six: Collect and test the soil samples collected from each layer inside the sampling tube.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This geological deep soil testing device and method, by setting up a rotatable clamp and drill bit, as well as a tamping device, enables the device to pre-loosen the soil by rotating and cutting when working in hard soil areas, and then combine it with tamping to press down, which significantly reduces the resistance of pure tamping and improves the drilling efficiency in hard soil layers.

[0016] Because the sampling tube is independently fixed to the center of the rotating conical disk by a sealed bearing and is fixedly connected to the cavity inside the tamper, the disturbance of rotation and tamping during drilling mainly acts on the external clamp and soil, while the internal sampling tube is relatively stable, reducing the rolling and mixing of soil samples inside the tube and effectively maintaining the original layered structure of the soil sample.

[0017] After sampling is completed, positive pressure gas can be introduced into the sampling tube through the pressure supply tube, and the air pressure can be used to push out the soil sample that is blocked or adhered to the tube wall as a whole. This solves the problem of sampling difficulties caused by friction in traditional methods and ensures the complete extraction of the sample. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section A; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tamping device of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Impact pile; 101. Rib; 102. Outer cylinder; 103. Inner cylinder; 104. Clamping cylinder; 2. Rammer; 201. Impact block; 202. Vibrator; 3. Conical disc; 301. Conical gear; 4. Drive source one; 5. Support; 6. Sliding frame; 7. Column; 8. Pressure supply pipe; 9. Sealed bearing; 10. Ball bearing; 11. Sampling tube; 12. Drill bit; 13. Bottom sleeve; 14. Connecting arm; 15. Hoop; 16. Ring hoop; 17. Limiting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] Furthermore, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various components shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale; for example, the thickness or width of some layers may be exaggerated relative to other layers.

[0023] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined or described in one figure, it will not need to be discussed or described in detail in the description of the subsequent figures.

[0024] refer to Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment provides a device for detecting deep soil conditions.

[0025] The device mainly includes a support frame 5, an impact pile 1, and a tamper 2. The support frame 5 is a semi-gantry frame structure with a telescopic sliding frame 6 installed at its bottom to facilitate the movement and initial positioning of the device on the work site. The telescopic sliding frame 6 is moved by casters and connected to the support frame 5 by a connecting frame. The connecting frame is hinged to the support frame 5 and can be fixed after adjustment. Alternatively, a positioning hinge can be used for connection. The impact pile 1 is vertically set between the two columns 7 on both sides of the support frame 5. In order to accurately guide the vertical movement of the impact pile 1, connecting arms 14 are fixedly connected to both sides of the support frame 5 by hoops 15. The ends of the two connecting arms 14 are fixed to a bottom sleeve 13. The lower part of the impact pile 1 slides through the bottom sleeve 13. The lower end of the bottom sleeve 13 is close to the ground, which plays an initial positioning and guiding role to ensure that the impact pile 1 remains perpendicular to the ground.

[0026] Impact pile 1 is the core actuator of this device, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it adopts a three-layer cylindrical structure, consisting of an outer cylinder 102, a clamping cylinder 104, and an inner cylinder 102 from the outside to the inside. The clamping cylinder 104 is located in the annular space between the outer cylinder 102 and the inner cylinder 102, and a drill bit 12 is fixed to its bottom end by thread or welding. At least two protruding ribs 101 are provided on the outer surface of the outer cylinder 102 along the axial direction. The inner cylinder 102 actually constitutes an independent sampling tube 11 for containing the collected soil samples.

[0027] At the top of the impact pile 1, there is a drive component that drives the clamping cylinder 104 to rotate and a tamper 2 that provides downward power. The specific structure of the drive component is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a conical disk 3 fixedly connected to the upper end of the clamping cylinder 104. A mounting base is fixed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 102. A drive source 4 is mounted on the mounting base. A bevel gear 301 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the drive source 4. The bevel gear 301 meshes with the conical tooth surface of the conical disk 3. When the drive source 4 is started, the bevel gear 301 drives the conical disk 3 to rotate, thereby driving the entire clamping cylinder 104 and the drill bit 12 at the bottom to rotate together.

[0028] Two inner and outer rings 16 are provided at the bottom of the conical disk 3. The rings 16 abut against the inner cylinder 102 and the outer cylinder 102 to limit their movement. The drill bit 12 is connected to the chuck 104 and its thickness is adapted to the inner cylinder 102 and the outer cylinder 103. Under the limitation of the rings 16 and the drill bit 12, the inner cylinder 102 and the outer cylinder 103 can maintain their limitation.

[0029] The upper end of the sampling tube 11 is fixed in the central through hole of the conical disk 3 by a sealed bearing 9. The inner ring of the sealed bearing 9 is fixed to the sampling tube 11, and the outer ring is fixed to the conical disk 3. This connection method allows the conical disk 3 and the clamp 104 to rotate freely, while the sampling tube 11 remains relatively stationary or moves only up and down with the whole under the support of the bearing, thus avoiding the transmission of rotational disturbance to the soil sample inside the tube.

[0030] The tamper 2 is installed directly above the impact pile 1 and mainly includes an impact block 201. The lower end face of the impact block 201 is in contact with or has a small gap with the top of the impact pile 1. Two vibrators 202 with the same frequency are symmetrically installed inside the impact block 201 to generate high-frequency micro-vibration to assist the soil in entering the sampling tube 11. A cavity is provided at the bottom of the impact block 201. The top end of the sampling tube 11 extends upward and is fixed to the top of the cavity. A pressure supply pipe 8 is also connected to the impact block 201. The pressure supply pipe 8 is connected to the internal cavity of the sampling tube 11 and is used to introduce positive pressure gas or liquid after sampling is completed.

[0031] To further ensure the verticality and stability of the impact pile 1 during the tamping process, vertical columns 7 are fixed on both sides of the support 5. A limiting ring 17 is slidably fitted on the surface of the outer cylinder 102 of the impact pile 1. The inner wall of the limiting ring 17 has a notch that matches the rib 101, allowing it to slide up and down along the rib 101 without relative rotation. Two arms extend outward from both sides of the limiting ring 17, and the ends of the two arms have holes and are respectively fitted onto the columns 7 on both sides. In this way, the limiting ring 17 restricts the impact pile 1 to move only in the vertical direction defined by the column 7 through the sliding fit between the arms and the columns 7, preventing it from swaying during tamping. The inner wall of the bottom sleeve 13 is also provided with a notch that matches the rib 101, which plays an auxiliary guiding role.

[0032] When the device is working, the support 5 is first moved to the leveled detection point and fixed by the telescopic sliding frame 6, and the bottom sleeve 13 is adjusted so that the drill bit 12 at the lower end of the impact pile 1 is aligned with the ground.

[0033] When the drive source 4 is started, the bevel gear 301 drives the conical disk 3, the clamp 104, and the drill bit 12 to rotate, performing preliminary cutting of the soil. At the same time, the tamping device 2 is started, and the impact block 201, with the assistance of the vibrator 202, periodically tamps the top of the impact pile 1 downward. Under the combined action of rotational cutting and tamping, the drill bit 12 continuously breaks through the soil and descends. After the soil is cut, it is pushed upward into the cylinder through the gap between the clamp 104 and the outer cylinder 102, while the undisturbed soil column in the center enters the relatively stationary sampling tube 11.

[0034] Since the sampling tube 11 does not rotate with the clamp 104, and the impact vibration is transmitted through the cavity at the top of the impact block 201, the disturbance to the soil sample already inside the tube is small, thus maintaining the original stratification of the soil well. When the predetermined sampling depth is reached, the drive source 4 and the tamper 2 are stopped, and the external pump pressure device is connected to the pressure supply pipe 8 to inject high-pressure gas into the sampling tube 11. The gas pressure acts on the top of the soil column inside the sampling tube 11, overcoming the static friction between the soil sample and the pipe wall, and smoothly pushing the complete, stratified soil column out from the bottom of the sampling tube 11 to complete the sampling. Similarly, to avoid the soil column breaking during sampling, a vacuum device can be connected to the pressure supply pipe 8 to keep the sampling tube 11 in a larger complex state to assist in the removal of the soil column.

[0035] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A deep soil testing device, characterized in that, include: Impact pile (1), with a tamping device (2) installed on the top of the impact pile (1); The impact pile (1) includes an outer cylinder (102), an inner cylinder (103) and a clamping cylinder (104). The clamping cylinder (104) is located between the outer cylinder (102) and the inner cylinder (103), and a drill bit (12) is fixed at the bottom of the clamping cylinder (104). The top of the impact pile (1) is provided with a drive unit that controls the rotation of the clamp (104) and a tamper (2) that tamps the impact pile (1) downward.

2. The geological deep soil testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component includes a conical disk (3) fixed to the clamp (104), and a mounting base is also fixed on the surface of the outer cylinder (102). A driving source (4) is provided on the mounting base, and a bevel gear (301) that meshes with the conical disk (3) is fixed at the output end of the driving source (4).

3. The geological deep soil testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device also includes a support (5), which includes: a telescopic sliding frame (6) installed at the bottom of the support (5), an impact pile (1) located between the two sides of the support (5), and the impact pile (1) moving up and down along the height direction of the support (5).

4. The geological deep soil testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the bracket (5) are fixedly installed with hoop rings (15). The bracket (5) is connected to the connecting arm (14) through the hoop rings (15). A bottom sleeve (13) is fixed between the two connecting arms (14), and the impact pile (1) is slidably installed at the bottom sleeve (13). The bottom sleeve (13) is close to the ground to limit the impact pile (1).

5. The geological deep soil testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact pile (1) also includes a sampling tube (11), which is located in the middle of the conical disk (3) via a sealed bearing (9), wherein the sampling tube (11) extends upward into the impact block (201).

6. The geological deep soil testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bracket (5) has columns (7) fixed on both sides. A limit ring (17) is slidably installed on the surface of the impact pile (1). The limit ring (17) has two arms extending from it and sleeved on the surface of the column (7).

7. The geological deep soil testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (102) of the impact pile (1) is provided with ribs (101), and the limiting ring (17) and the inner wall of the bottom sleeve (13) are provided with notches corresponding to the ribs (101).

8. The geological deep soil testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tamping device (2) includes an impact block (201) located at the top of the impact pile (1). The impact block (201) is symmetrically provided with vibrators (202) that vibrate at the same frequency. The impact block (201) is provided with a cavity near the impact pile (1). The top end of the sampling tube (11) is fixed to the inner wall of the top end of the cavity.

9. A deep geological soil testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The impact block (201) is rotatably connected to the conical disk (3), and a pressure supply pipe (8) is provided on the impact block (201), which is connected to the sampling pipe (11).

10. A method for testing deep geological soil using the deep geological soil testing device described in claims 1-9, characterized in that: Step 1: Select the area to be tested for deep soil testing; Step 2: Level the selected ground surface to be tested, with a leveling error of ≤3mm; Step 3: Transfer the deep soil testing device to the area to be tested, fix the bracket (5) on the ground to be tested, and adjust the impact pile (1) to be perpendicular to the ground; Step 4: After confirming the working status of the deep soil testing device, start the soil testing device. Step 5: After completing the deep soil sampling, connect the pump to the sampling tube (11) through the pressure supply pipe (8) to pressurize the sampling tube (11); Step 6: Collect and test the soil samples collected from each layer in the sampling tube (11).

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