Clamping piece type AR glasses system based on one-driving-two optical waveguide module and implementation method of clamping piece type AR glasses system

Abstract

The invention discloses a clamping piece type AR glasses system based on a one-driving-two optical waveguide module and an implementation method thereof, belongs to the technical field of augmented reality near-to-eye display equipment, and solves the problems that existing AR glasses are high in cost and poor in adaptability, and binocular external equipment is large in size, high in power consumption and lack of an automatic alignment function. The system is detachably fixed on common glasses through the mechanical clamping unit, and binocular AR display driven by a single light machine is realized by using the single display light machine, the one-to-two light module, the micro-lens array, the left optical waveguide lens and the right optical waveguide lens in the optical display unit. And the pupil position of the wearer is obtained in real time and the light beam direction is dynamically adjusted by means of a sensing module and an adjustable optical compensation module of the automatic alignment mechanism, so that the offset between the optical axis and the visual axis of the human eyes is compensated. The system is mainly used for quickly upgrading the existing common glasses of a user into a binocular AR display device with light weight and high-precision alignment, and the wearing comfort and the display fusion effect are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of augmented reality (AR) near-eye display technology, belonging to the engineering design of wearable optical devices. Specifically, it relates to an AR glasses system and its implementation method based on a clip-on structure of a one-to-two optical waveguide module, addressing the rapid upgrade needs of ordinary glasses (myopia glasses, sunglasses, plano glasses, etc.). Background Technology

[0002] Existing AR glasses and add-on display devices suffer from significant engineering flaws. Traditional AR glasses typically require users to replace the entire frame, resulting in high costs, ranging from 2,000 to 25,000 yuan, and are incompatible with users' existing glasses, such as prescription glasses, leading to poor fit. Most common add-on AR display devices on the market are monocular designs, weighing 15 to 20 grams, and are prone to tilting when worn. Even with binocular add-on solutions, they rely on dual optical engines, increasing device size by approximately 40%, power consumption by approximately 30%, and cost by approximately 50%. Furthermore, ordinary add-on devices lack automatic positioning mechanisms, resulting in a 3 to 5 millimeter deviation between the optical axis and the user's eye position after assembly, causing noticeable image shift and severely impacting the user experience. Currently, there is no mature solution to quickly upgrade ordinary glasses to binocular AR devices, forcing users to purchase dedicated frames, increasing their financial burden.

[0003] Therefore, existing technical solutions cannot simultaneously meet the four core requirements of low cost, lightweight design, high adaptability, and binocular display. Specifically, most existing binocular external AR display devices use two independent optical engines fixed to the front of the left and right temples or the top of the frame, with the optical engines protruding from both sides of the glasses. This not only increases the overall width and visual bulkiness but also increases the difficulty of active alignment and binocular fusion during assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One object of the embodiments of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems and / or defects, and to provide at least the advantages described below.

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module.

[0006] This solution addresses the problems of high cost of existing AR glasses, incompatibility with users' existing ordinary glasses (such as prescription glasses and sunglasses), and the fact that traditional binocular external solutions require dual optical engines, which significantly increases the size, power consumption, and cost of the device. In addition, the lack of automatic alignment function leads to serious virtual image displacement and poor user experience after assembly.

[0007] This addresses the issues of clip-on AR devices not being securely fixed to ordinary glasses, easily slipping or falling off, being unable to adapt to different sizes of frames and bridge widths, and having excessive initial alignment errors between the optical system and the human eye due to poor mechanical installation repeatability.

[0008] In order to achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, the following technical solution is provided: A clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module includes: A mechanical clamping unit for detachably securing an eyeglass system to the frame or bridge of ordinary eyeglasses, comprising resilient grippers and a bridge-limiting block; An optical display unit is fixedly connected to a mechanical clamping unit. The optical display unit is used for binocular AR display driven by a single optical engine. It includes a single display optical engine, a one-to-two beam splitter module, a microlens array, and optical waveguide lenses arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. The single display optical engine, the one-to-two beam splitter module, the microlens array, and the optical waveguide lenses are arranged and fixed in sequence along the optical path. The light emitted from the single display optical engine is split by the one-to-two beam splitter module and focused by the microlens array before being coupled into the left and right optical waveguide lenses respectively. An automatic alignment mechanism includes a sensing module and an adjustable optical compensation module. The sensing module is disposed on the mechanical clamping unit, and the adjustable optical compensation module is disposed in the optical path of the optical display unit. The sensing module is used to acquire the wearer's pupil position information, and the adjustable optical compensation module is disposed in the optical path of the optical display unit and dynamically adjusts the direction of the light beam entering the optical waveguide lens according to the pupil position information to compensate for the offset between the optical axis and the human eye's visual axis.

[0009] Preferably, in the clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module, the elastic gripper in the mechanical clamping unit is made of titanium alloy spring steel stamping, with an opening angle of 30°-60°. A 0.5mm thick silicone anti-slip pad is attached to the inner side. A limiting step is provided on the inner side of the elastic gripper to restrict the vertical distance between the clip and the ordinary glasses. The center of the nose bridge limiting block coincides with the optical axis of the optical display unit, and the elastic gripper provides a pre-tightening force of 1-2N, together achieving an alignment error ≤0.5mm after assembly. The height of the limiting step is 0.8mm, used to fix the vertical distance between the system and the ordinary glasses to 10mm. Through the combined action of the pre-tightening force of the elastic gripper and the nose bridge limiting block, the horizontal offset Δx is controlled to ≤0.3mm, and the angular offset Δθ is controlled to ≤1.5. The nose bridge limiting block is made of silicone with a textured surface, and its width is adjustable from 50 to 70 mm. The contact point between the elastic gripper and the eyeglass frame is embedded with a neodymium iron boron magnet, and the auxiliary attraction force provided by the magnet is 0.5-1.0N.

[0010] Preferably, in the clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module, the single display optical engine in the optical display unit is a Micro-LED with a resolution of 1920×1080, a brightness of 500-1000 cd / m², and a power consumption of ≤0.5W. The one-to-two beam splitting module includes a polarizing beam splitter prism and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film. The extinction ratio of the polarizing beam splitter prism is ≥1000:1, and the transmittance of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film is 50%±5%. It is used to split a single beam into left and right beams. The semi-transparent and semi-reflective film is configured to make the energy difference between the left and right beams after splitting ≤5%. The microlens array has a focal length of 2mm, a lens diameter of 1mm, an array density of 10×10, and is made of UV-curable resin. The optical waveguide lens is made of PMMA with a refractive index of 1.49 and a thickness of 1.2-1.8 mm. Its coupling grating and coupling grating are made using nanoimprinting technology, with a grating period of 280-320 nm and a grating efficiency of ≥85%.

[0011] Preferably, in the clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module, the automatic alignment mechanism is an optical alignment mechanism integrated inside the optical display unit, and also includes a control module; The sensing module includes at least one miniature near-infrared camera disposed on the side of the nose bridge limiting block facing the human eye, for acquiring images of the pupil position of the wearer's eyes at the moment of assembly and wearing. The control module is connected to the sensing module and is used to calculate and generate display content driving signals and beam deflection control signals that match the center positions of the left and right pupils based on the pupil position image. The adjustable optical compensation module includes liquid crystal polarization grating components respectively disposed on the incident optical paths of the coupling gratings of the left and right optical waveguide lenses. The liquid crystal polarization grating components are connected to the control module and are used to change the direction of their grating vector according to the beam deflection control signal, thereby deflecting the beam emitted from the microlens array and about to be coupled into the optical waveguide at a micro-angle to compensate for the offset between the optical axis of the optical display unit and the visual axis of the human eye caused by mechanical assembly deviation.

[0012] Preferably, in the clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module, the alignment method of the automatic alignment mechanism includes the following steps: The miniature near-infrared camera captures an image containing both eye areas at the initial moment when the user puts on the glasses system. The image processing unit within the control module identifies and extracts the pupil center coordinates of the left and right eyes in the image. Combining the known intrinsic parameters and extrinsic parameters of the installation position of the miniature near-infrared camera, it calculates the offset in the horizontal and vertical directions between the optical axis of the optical display unit and the user's actual visual axis. The control module generates two independent control signals based on the offset: the first signal is a drive signal for the display content of the single display optical engine, used to pre-correct the rendering position of the virtual image according to the pupil position; the second signal is a drive voltage signal for the left and right liquid crystal polarization grating components in the adjustable optical compensation module. The liquid crystal polarization grating assembly dynamically changes the arrangement period and direction of its internal liquid crystal molecules according to the driving voltage signal, thereby adjusting its grating vector so that the light beam modulated by it produces a micro-angle deflection that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the offset. The deflected beam enters the waveguide through the coupling grating of the optical waveguide lens and undergoes total internal reflection. It then exits through the output grating and enters the human eye. The direction of the outgoing beam is compensated and aligned with the user's actual visual axis, thereby achieving precise fusion of the virtual image and the real field of view.

[0013] Preferably, in the clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module, the surface of the optical waveguide lens is provided with an anti-glare film or an anti-fog coating; wherein, the reflectivity of the anti-glare film is ≤1%, and the thickness of the anti-fog coating is 0.1mm.

[0014] Preferably, in the clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module, the arm length of the elastic gripper is adjustable in the range of 10-15mm, and / or the position of the magnetic sheet can slide along the gripper in the range of 5-10mm to adapt to glasses frames of different widths.

[0015] Preferably, in the clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module, the focal length and arrangement density of the microlens array are configured such that, under the fixed installation distance defined by the mechanical clamping and alignment integration module, the beam output by the beam splitting module is focused onto the entire effective area of ​​the optical waveguide coupling grating, and the uniformity of the focused spot is greater than 90%.

[0016] Preferably, in the clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module, the optical waveguide lens has a curved design with a radius of curvature of 80mm to match the curved surface of ordinary glasses lenses.

[0017] A method for implementing a clip-on AR glasses system based on any one of the claims, comprising the following operations: The AR glasses module, which includes an optical display unit and an automatic alignment mechanism, is detachably fixed to the user's ordinary glasses by means of the elastic gripper of the mechanical clamping unit and the nose bridge limiting block, wherein the center of the nose bridge limiting block coincides with the optical axis of the optical display unit. The single display optical engine is activated to generate an image beam, which is then sequentially focused by a one-to-two split beam splitter and a microlens array to form two focused beams pointing to the left and right eyes respectively. At the same time, the sensor module integrated on the mechanical clamping unit acquires images of the wearer's pupil positions and calculates the offset between the optical axis of the optical display unit and the wearer's actual visual axis based on these images. The adjustable optical compensation module, which is set in the optical path according to the offset, dynamically adjusts the direction of the two focused beams to compensate for the offset. Finally, the direction-compensated beam is coupled into the left and right waveguide lenses respectively, transmitted through the waveguides and emitted to form a virtual image aligned with the wearer's visual axis.

[0018] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a clip-on AR system comprising three main units: mechanical clamping, optical display, and automatic alignment. This fundamentally enables a non-destructive and rapid upgrade of users' existing ordinary glasses. It employs a single-optical-engine combined with a one-to-two beam splitter and waveguide technology, significantly reducing hardware complexity and cost. The introduction of the automatic alignment mechanism intelligently eliminates visual axis misalignment caused by facial differences and wearing deviations. This ensures high compatibility and lightweight design while guaranteeing a stable and accurate fusion of virtual images with the real world, thus enhancing the overall user experience.

[0019] This invention completely eliminates the traditional dual-optical-engine structure by centrally arranging a single display optical engine and using a one-to-two beam splitter module to distribute image information from the center to both sides. Compared to existing clip-on AR glasses, this invention reduces the lateral size by approximately 30%, more closely resembles ordinary glasses in appearance, and provides a stable, centrally located center of gravity, significantly improving comfort and aesthetics.

[0020] This invention provides a highly repeatable and low-error mechanical reference platform for subsequent optical display and automatic alignment by specifically defining the mechanical clamping unit.

[0021] This invention constructs a highly efficient and balanced optical engine by specifying the key performance parameters of each core component of the optical display unit. A high-brightness, low-power Micro-LED optical engine provides a superior image source. A high extinction-ratio beam prism and a semi-transparent, semi-reflective film with precise transmittance control work together to ensure high uniformity of image energy for both eyes. Meanwhile, a microlens array with specific parameters and a high-efficiency optical waveguide jointly guarantee effective beam focusing, coupling, and transmission. Ultimately, this achieves a visual effect where binocular displays still possess sufficient brightness, good uniformity, and clarity even under single-optical-engine drive.

[0022] This invention provides a non-mechanical dynamic optical correction solution by introducing an automatic alignment mechanism integrating a miniature near-infrared camera, a control module, and a liquid crystal polarization grating assembly. This mechanism intelligently senses the pupil position the moment the device is worn and calculates the offset in real time, then fine-tunes the beam angle electronically. This method not only compensates for residual errors that cannot be eliminated by mechanical alignment but also adapts to minute movements during wear, achieving continuous high-precision alignment between the virtual image and the human eye's visual axis, greatly enhancing the immersiveness and practicality of AR displays.

[0023] This invention defines a complete, closed-loop real-time alignment process by clearly defining the specific working steps and methods of the automatic alignment mechanism. From image acquisition, pupil recognition, and offset calculation, to the generation of display content correction signals and beam deflection control signals, and then to the liquid crystal grating performing micro-angle deflection, each step is clearly defined. This method achieves collaborative work between software (image processing and content correction) and hardware (optical deflection), ensuring that the alignment process is fast, automatic, and accurate, providing users with a convenient "wear-and-use" experience.

[0024] This invention effectively improves the system's applicability and display quality in different environments by applying an anti-glare film or anti-fog coating to the surface of the waveguide lens. The anti-glare film significantly suppresses ambient light reflected from the lens surface, enhancing the contrast and visibility of virtual images in outdoor or bright light environments; the anti-fog coating prevents fogging of the lens due to temperature differences or breathing, ensuring continuous clear vision. These surface treatment measures enhance the product's environmental tolerance and user experience reliability.

[0025] This invention significantly expands the compatibility of mechanical clamping units by making the arm length of the elastic gripper and the position of the magnetic plate adjustable. Users can flexibly adjust the position and span of the clamping points according to the specific width and shape of their eyeglass frames, ensuring a firm grip and balanced force. This adjustable design allows the same AR clip to be compatible with a wider range of ordinary eyeglass models and styles, improving the product's versatility and market coverage.

[0026] This invention optimizes the focal length and arrangement density of the microlens array, enabling it to precisely and uniformly focus the split beam onto the effective area of ​​the coupling grating of the optical waveguide. This maximizes beam utilization efficiency, reduces energy loss and coupling unevenness caused by beam mismatch, and ensures good brightness uniformity of the light emitted from the waveguide within the eye box, thereby providing users with a stable and comfortable visual experience.

[0027] This invention significantly improves the aesthetics, fit, and comfort of the product by designing the waveguide lens with a curved shape that matches ordinary eyeglass lenses. The curved waveguide can better conform to the curvature of the user's original eyeglasses, reducing the abruptness and extra thickness of the overall module. This makes the AR clip-on lens look more like ordinary eyeglass accessories, reducing the user's visual and psychological burden and increasing user acceptance and willingness to wear it long-term.

[0028] This invention provides a clear and operable method for implementing clip-on AR glasses, offering a well-defined step-by-step guide for users and manufacturers. The method forms a complete operational chain, from mechanical installation, optical activation, pupil detection and offset calculation, to dynamic beam compensation and final image output. It ensures the correct and orderly implementation of system functions, making the process of "upgrading ordinary glasses to AR glasses" standardized, reliable, and easy to execute.

[0029] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clip-on AR glasses system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the optical path principle and process of the optical display unit in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention will be further described in detail so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following implementation plan are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials described are all commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0034] Unlike existing technologies that require two separate optical engines to project images onto the corresponding eyeballs, this invention creatively places a single optical engine on the central optical axis of the optical display unit. It achieves a single-input, dual-output optical path topology through a combination of polarization beam splitting and a semi-transparent, semi-reflective coating. This structural layout allows the entire AR module to cover only the bridge of the nose without extending to the temples, thus perfectly fitting various types of ordinary glasses without appearing obtrusive.

[0035] This invention includes a clip-on structure: it can be directly fixed to ordinary glasses without replacing the frame; a single-optical-engine dual-path: the output of the single-optical-engine is split into two paths through a beam splitting / polarization structure to drive left and right dual-optical waveguides, reducing cost and power consumption; automatic alignment: high-precision matching of the optical axis and eye position is achieved through mechanical limiting and elastic structure; lightweight: the overall weight is ≤25g, and the wearing comfort is close to that of ordinary glasses.

[0036] The technical solution of this invention consists of three parts: a mechanical clamping unit, an optical display unit, and an automatic alignment mechanism. The overall structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0037] I. Design of Mechanical Clamping Unit The mechanical clamping unit is used to fix the AR module to the frame or bridge of ordinary glasses, including: Elastic grippers: Made of titanium alloy spring steel by stamping, with an opening angle of 30∘−60∘, and silicone anti-slip pads (0.5mm thick) on the inside to prevent scratching the lens; Nose bridge limiting block: made of silicone with a textured surface, adjustable width (50-70mm) to fit different nose bridge sizes; Magnetic-assisted positioning: Neodymium iron boron magnets (with a magnetic force of 0.5-1.0N) are embedded at the contact point between the gripper and the frame to assist in quick alignment and reduce assembly errors.

[0038] II. Optical Display Unit Design The optical display unit is the core functional module, realizing the display link from a single optical engine, dual waveguides, to the human eye. Its structure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the optical path flowchart.

[0039] 1. Core optical component parameters Single display optical engine: Micro-LED (resolution 1920×1080, brightness 500-1000 cd / m²) 2 (Power consumption ≤ 0.5W) One-to-two beam splitting module: PBS polarizing beam splitter prism (extinction ratio ≥1000:1) + semi-transparent and semi-reflective film (transmittance 50%±5%), to achieve balanced energy distribution between the left and right eyes; Microlens array: focal length 2mm, diameter 1mm, array density 10×10, material is UV-cured resin, used to focus the split beam onto the waveguide coupling grating. Optical waveguide lens: material PMMA (refractive index 1.49), thickness 1.2−1.8mm, coupling in / coupling out gratings are made of nanoimprint process (period 280−320nm, efficiency ≥85%).

[0040] 2. Core performance measured data To verify the feasibility of driving a binocular display with a single optical engine, the following model was established: (1) Brightness and luminous efficacy model The brightness of the exit pupil as perceived by the human eye (L, unit: cd / m²). 2 ) and optical power (P), spectral efficiency ( ), waveguide optical effect ( Microlens focusing efficiency ( The relationship between the exit pupil area (A) and the exit pupil area (A) is as follows: Variable description: PP: Optomechanical output power (unit: W), taken as 1W; η l ed Optomechanical luminous efficacy (unit: lm / W), typical value for Micro-LED is 60 lm / W; η s : Spectrometer module efficiency (≥95%); η w Waveguide input + output efficiency (≥80%); η c A: Microlens focusing efficiency (≥70%); B: Exit pupil area (unit: mm2), take 10mm. 2 Ω: Solid angle of the emitted beam (unit: sr). Based on the system's field of view design, Ω = 0.2 sr (corresponding to a field of view of approximately 25° × 25°). This refers to the effective luminous flux output by the optomechanical system.

[0041] The calculation yields L≈1.6×10 7 cd / m 2 To meet the brightness requirements for AR displays (≥400cd / m²) 2 This proves that it is feasible to drive a binocular display with a single-optical-engine approach.

[0042] (2) Alignment error model The effects of clamp assembly errors Δx (horizontal offset) and Δθ (angular offset) on the virtual image position offset ΔI are as follows: ΔI = Δx × tanθ + Δθ × d Variable description: θ: Waveguide insertion angle (taken as 30°); d: Distance from the waveguide to the eye (approximately 20 mm).

[0043] Engineering constraints: ΔI ≤ 1mm is required, therefore Δx ≤ 0.3mm and Δθ ≤ 1.5° need to be controlled, which is achieved by the limiting block of the elastic gripper and magnetic positioning.

[0044] (3) Energy distribution model The energy distribution between the left and right eyes is determined by the transmittance α of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective membrane: Engineering design: Take α=50% to ensure that the energy difference between the left and right eyes is ≤5% and avoid uneven brightness between the two eyes.

[0045] III. Automatic Alignment Mechanism Automatic matching between the optical axis and the eye position is achieved through mechanical limiting and elastic pre-tightening: Frame limiting: The inner side of the elastic clip is designed with a step (0.8mm high) to limit the vertical distance between the clip and ordinary glasses (fixed at 10mm). Nose bridge positioning: The center of the silicone limiting block coincides with the optical axis of the waveguide, and it is automatically aligned with the nose bridge centerline during assembly; Elastic preload: The preload force (1-2N) of the titanium alloy jaws ensures that the clamping plates do not shift during movement, with a positioning error of ≤0.5mm.

[0046] The advantages of this embodiment are as follows: Specific effects: Cost reduction: The single-optical-engine design reduces the cost of optical components by 50%; Improved compatibility: The clip-on structure is compatible with prescription glasses, sunglasses, etc., so users do not need to replace their original glasses; Improved comfort: Weighing ≤25g, the wearing experience is similar to that of ordinary glasses, with no pressure even after prolonged wear; Display quality: Automatic alignment ensures stable virtual image position; exit pupil brightness ≥400 cd / m². 2 It meets the needs of both indoor and outdoor use.

[0047] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module includes: A mechanical clamping unit for detachably securing an eyeglass system to the frame or bridge of ordinary eyeglasses, comprising resilient grippers and a bridge-limiting block; An optical display unit is fixedly connected to a mechanical clamping unit. The optical display unit is used for binocular AR display driven by a single optical engine. It includes a single display optical engine, a one-to-two beam splitter module, a microlens array, and optical waveguide lenses arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. The single display optical engine, the one-to-two beam splitter module, the microlens array, and the optical waveguide lenses are arranged and fixed in sequence along the optical path. The light emitted from the single display optical engine is split by the one-to-two beam splitter module and focused by the microlens array before being coupled into the left and right optical waveguide lenses respectively. An automatic alignment mechanism includes a sensing module and an adjustable optical compensation module. The sensing module is disposed on the mechanical clamping unit, and the adjustable optical compensation module is disposed in the optical path of the optical display unit. The sensing module is used to acquire the wearer's pupil position information, and the adjustable optical compensation module is disposed in the optical path of the optical display unit and dynamically adjusts the direction of the light beam entering the optical waveguide lens according to the pupil position information to compensate for the offset between the optical axis and the human eye's visual axis.

[0048] In a specific implementation, a clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module has been manufactured and put into use. The user first takes their everyday glasses, which can be prescription glasses, sunglasses, or non-prescription glasses. Then, the user holds the mechanical clamping unit of the AR glasses system, aligns its elastic claws, and opens them to a suitable angle, clamping them onto the upper edge of the frame or the bridge of the ordinary glasses. The clamping force provided by the elastic claws, combined with the support of the bridge-mounted block, ensures the entire system is securely attached to the user's existing glasses, completing a quick and non-destructive installation.

[0049] After installation, the user turns on the system power. The internal optical display unit begins operation. The single-display optical engine generates an image beam carrying virtual image information. This beam first enters a one-to-two beam splitter, where it is split into two energy-equal beams, left and right, by the optical elements within the splitter. The two beams then enter a microlens array, which focuses each beam. At this time, the automatic alignment mechanism is simultaneously activated. The sensing module located on the mechanical clamping unit immediately acquires images of the user's pupil positions. Based on this image information, the control module calculates the offset between the optical axis of the current optical display unit and the user's actual visual axis.

[0050] Next, the adjustable optical compensation module begins operation according to the instructions issued by the control module. Located in the focusing optical path before the waveguide mirror couples to the grating, this module fine-tunes the direction of the two focused beams about to enter the left and right waveguide mirrors to accurately compensate for the previously calculated optical axis and visual axis misalignment. After direction compensation and correction, the beams are coupled into the left and right waveguide mirrors respectively. After total internal reflection within the waveguides, the beams finally exit from the coupling grating and enter the user's eyes. Because the direction of the outgoing beams has been dynamically compensated by the automatic alignment mechanism, it achieves alignment with the user's actual visual axis, thus ensuring that the virtual image viewed by the user can be stably and accurately blended with the real-world scene.

[0051] In existing technologies, one type is the traditional all-in-one AR glasses that require users to replace their frames with special ones, and the other is an external binocular AR display device driven by dual-display optical engines. Traditional all-in-one AR glasses require users to abandon their existing ordinary glasses, which may be expensive or uncomfortable, and force them to replace them with special frames, resulting in high costs and extremely poor adaptability. While external binocular devices using dual optical engines achieve binocular display, their hardware structure inevitably includes two complete optical engine display systems, which directly leads to a significant increase in device size, weight, and power consumption, and also significantly drives up manufacturing costs. In addition, both of these existing technologies lack effective automatic alignment functions. The optical axis of the device's optical system is fixed after assembly and cannot adaptively adjust to different users' facial features and slight differences in wearing conditions, causing the virtual image position to easily shift, affecting the visual fusion effect and user experience.

[0052] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are mainly reflected in the following aspects. First, through the design of the mechanical clamping unit, the entire AR system can be used as a detachable clip accessory, adaptable to various types of ordinary glasses currently used by users, achieving a lossless upgrade, greatly expanding the applicable user group and usage scenarios of the product, and solving the core pain points of high cost and poor compatibility of traditional AR glasses. Second, this embodiment limits the optical display unit to consist of a single display optical engine, a one-to-two beam splitting module, a microlens array, and optical waveguide lenses. It creatively utilizes a single optical engine to drive a binocular display architecture, ensuring a binocular visual experience while fundamentally avoiding the problems of increased size, weight, power consumption, and cost caused by using dual optical engines. The automatic alignment mechanism introduced in this embodiment senses the pupil position in real time through the sensing module and dynamically adjusts the beam emission direction using an adjustable optical compensation module. It intelligently compensates for the misalignment of the optical axis and visual axis caused by individual differences and wearing deviations, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and stability of the alignment between the virtual image and the real world, enhancing the immersion and practicality of the AR display. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module is provided. In the mechanical clamping unit, the elastic claw is made of titanium alloy spring steel and is stamped. Its opening angle is 30°-60°. A silicone anti-slip pad with a thickness of 0.5mm is attached to the inner side. The inner side of the elastic claw is provided with a limiting step for limiting the vertical distance between the clip and ordinary glasses. The center of the nose bridge limiting block coincides with the optical axis of the optical display unit. The elastic claw provides a pre-tightening force of 1-2N, which together achieves an alignment error of ≤0.5mm after assembly. The height of the limiting step is 0.8mm, which is used to fix the vertical distance between the system and ordinary glasses to 10mm. Through the combined action of the pre-tightening force of the elastic claw and the nose bridge limiting block, the horizontal offset Δx is controlled to ≤0.3mm and the angular offset Δθ is controlled to ≤1.5. The nose bridge limiting block is made of silicone with a textured surface, and its width is adjustable from 50 to 70 mm. The contact point between the elastic gripper and the eyeglass frame is embedded with a neodymium iron boron magnet, and the auxiliary attraction force provided by the magnet is 0.5-1.0N.

[0053] In practical implementation, this unit is manufactured and assembled. The elastic grippers are made of titanium alloy spring steel through a stamping process, with an opening angle designed between 30 and 60 degrees. A 0.5 mm thick silicone anti-slip pad is attached to the inside of the elastic grippers. This anti-slip pad effectively increases friction and prevents scratches on the user's existing eyeglass frames. A specific limiting step is also designed on the inside of the elastic grippers. This step is used to precisely control the vertical distance between the system module and the ordinary eyeglass lenses during clamping, preventing the module from getting too close or too far from the glasses.

[0054] The nose bridge retainer is made of soft silicone and its width is adjustable from 50mm to 70mm to accommodate different nose bridge widths. Neodymium iron boron magnets are embedded at the contact points between the elastic clips and the eyeglass frame. These magnets provide additional auxiliary suction force, ranging from 0.5N to 1.0N, which, together with the mechanical clamping force, ensures a secure hold.

[0055] This embodiment systematically solves the fundamental problem of physical fixation in clip-on devices through a series of specific material and structural designs. Titanium alloy spring steel provides the grippers with high elasticity and durability, and combined with silicone anti-slip pads, achieves the dual purpose of secure clamping and protecting the user's glasses. The introduction of the inner limiting step establishes a stable and reliable mechanical reference distance between the optical system and the user's glasses, a prerequisite for subsequent optical alignment. An adjustable-width silicone nose bridge limiting block allows the device to actively adapt to different facial features, improving versatility and wearing comfort. Magnetic assistance further enhances adhesion stability in dynamic usage scenarios, reducing visual deviations caused by minor slippage. Overall, this embodiment constructs a highly adaptable, highly repeatable, and user-friendly mechanical mounting platform, laying a solid physical foundation for precise subsequent optical display and automatic alignment.

[0056] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module is provided, wherein the single display optical engine in the optical display unit is a Micro-LED with a resolution of 1920×1080, a brightness of 500-1000 cd / m², and a power consumption of ≤0.5W. The one-to-two beam splitting module includes a polarizing beam splitter prism and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film. The extinction ratio of the polarizing beam splitter prism is ≥1000:1, and the transmittance of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film is 50%±5%. It is used to split a single beam into left and right beams. The semi-transparent and semi-reflective film is configured to make the energy difference between the left and right beams after splitting ≤5%. The microlens array has a focal length of 2mm, a lens diameter of 1mm, an array density of 10×10, and is made of UV-curable resin. The optical waveguide lens is made of PMMA with a refractive index of 1.49 and a thickness of 1.2-1.8 mm. Its coupling grating and coupling grating are made using nanoimprinting technology, with a grating period of 280-320 nm and a grating efficiency of ≥85%.

[0057] In one specific embodiment, the core components of the optical display unit are integrated according to selected parameters. The single display optical engine uses a Micro-LED microdisplay with a resolution of 1920×1080 and a brightness of 500 cd / m². 2 Up to 1000 cd / m 2 It operates within a specified range, with overall power consumption controlled below 0.5W. The one-to-two beam splitter module consists of a polarizing beam splitter prism and a semi-transparent, semi-reflective coating. The extinction ratio of the polarizing beam splitter prism is no less than 1000:1, and the semi-transparent, semi-reflective coating is designed with a transmittance of 50%±5%. The module is precisely adjusted to ensure that after splitting a single beam into left and right beams, the energy difference between the two beams does not exceed 5%.

[0058] The microlens array is made of UV-curable resin, with each lens having a focal length of 2mm and a diameter of 1mm, arranged in a 10×10 array. The waveguide lens uses PMMA as the substrate material, with a refractive index of approximately 1.49 and an overall thickness between 1.2mm and 1.8mm. The coupling gratings and coupling gratings on the lens are manufactured using a nanoimprint lithography process, with the grating period controlled between 280nm and 320nm and the grating diffraction efficiency not less than 85%.

[0059] This embodiment constructs a highly efficient, balanced, and collaborative optical engine by specifying clear performance parameters and indicators for each key component of the optical display unit. The high-brightness, low-power Micro-LED optical engine provides sufficient image source while controlling system heat dissipation. The combination of a high extinction ratio polarizing beam splitter and a semi-transparent, semi-reflective film with strictly controlled transmittance ensures high uniformity of image energy for both eyes. A microlens array with a specific focal length and array density efficiently focuses the split beam onto the tiny coupling region of the subsequent optical waveguide. The use of PMMA with optimized thickness and a high-efficiency grating fabricated using nanoimprint lithography ensures that the beam can propagate within the waveguide with low loss. These features in this embodiment work together to solve the challenges of brightness, uniformity, and efficiency in single-optical-engine driven binocular AR displays.

[0060] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module is provided, wherein the automatic alignment mechanism is an optical alignment mechanism integrated inside the optical display unit, and a control module is also included. The sensing module includes at least one miniature near-infrared camera disposed on the side of the nose bridge limiting block facing the human eye, for acquiring images of the pupil position of the wearer's eyes at the moment of assembly and wearing. The control module is connected to the sensing module and is used to calculate and generate display content driving signals and beam deflection control signals that match the center positions of the left and right pupils based on the pupil position image. The adjustable optical compensation module includes liquid crystal polarization grating components respectively disposed on the incident optical paths of the coupling gratings of the left and right optical waveguide lenses. The liquid crystal polarization grating components are connected to the control module and are used to change the direction of their grating vector according to the beam deflection control signal, thereby deflecting the beam emitted from the microlens array and about to be coupled into the optical waveguide at a micro-angle to compensate for the offset between the optical axis of the optical display unit and the visual axis of the human eye caused by mechanical assembly deviation.

[0061] In one specific embodiment, the automatic alignment mechanism operates as an integrated module. The sensing module includes at least one miniature near-infrared camera mounted on the nose bridge limiting block of the mechanical clamping unit, facing towards the user's eyes. When the user wears the device, the camera captures an image containing the area of ​​the user's eyes in an instant. A control module connected to the camera receives the image and runs an image processing algorithm to identify and extract the pupil center coordinates of the left and right eyes in the image. Combining the camera's known internal parameters with pre-calibrated installation position parameters, the control module calculates the horizontal and vertical offsets between the optical axis of the optical display unit and the user's actual visual axis.

[0062] The adjustable optical compensation module includes two liquid crystal polarization grating assemblies, precisely mounted in the incident light path before the coupling gratings of the left and right waveguide mirrors, respectively. The control module generates a corresponding beam deflection control signal based on the calculated offset and sends it to the two liquid crystal polarization grating assemblies. Upon receiving the electrical signal, the alignment period and orientation of the liquid crystal molecules within the grating assembly dynamically change. When the beam focused by the microlens array passes through this assembly, a small, controllable deflection angle is applied to the beam's direction. This deflection angle is used to compensate for the previously calculated offset between the optical axis and the line of sight.

[0063] This embodiment provides an intelligent, dynamic, and non-mechanical active optical alignment solution. A miniature near-infrared camera actively senses the user's real-time pupil position and converts this biometric information into a digital offset. Subsequently, an electronically controlled liquid crystal polarization grating assembly finely adjusts the beam direction optically to compensate for mechanical deviations. The core advantage of this approach lies in its automation and dynamism. Users require no manual operation; high-precision alignment is achieved instantly upon wearing the device. Furthermore, the mechanism has the potential for continuous operation, monitoring and compensating for minute offsets in real time during use to ensure the virtual image remains locked in the correct position. This embodiment elevates AR display from static, approximate alignment to dynamic, precise alignment.

[0064] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module includes the following steps in its automatic alignment mechanism: The miniature near-infrared camera captures an image containing both eye areas at the initial moment when the user puts on the glasses system. The image processing unit within the control module identifies and extracts the pupil center coordinates of the left and right eyes in the image. Combining the known intrinsic parameters and extrinsic parameters of the installation position of the miniature near-infrared camera, it calculates the offset in the horizontal and vertical directions between the optical axis of the optical display unit and the user's actual visual axis. The control module generates two independent control signals based on the offset: the first signal is a drive signal for the display content of the single display optical engine, used to pre-correct the rendering position of the virtual image according to the pupil position; the second signal is a drive voltage signal for the left and right liquid crystal polarization grating components in the adjustable optical compensation module. The liquid crystal polarization grating assembly dynamically changes the arrangement period and direction of its internal liquid crystal molecules according to the driving voltage signal, thereby adjusting its grating vector so that the light beam modulated by it produces a micro-angle deflection that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the offset. The deflected beam enters the waveguide through the coupling grating of the optical waveguide lens and undergoes total internal reflection. It then exits through the output grating and enters the human eye. The direction of the outgoing beam is compensated and aligned with the user's actual visual axis, thereby achieving precise fusion of the virtual image and the real field of view.

[0065] In one specific embodiment, the alignment method of the automatic alignment mechanism operates according to the following steps. At the initial moment when the user puts on the glasses system and powers it on, a miniature near-infrared camera integrated on the nose bridge limiting block automatically starts, capturing a near-infrared image containing the user's eye regions. This image is transmitted to the control module. The image processing unit built into the control module performs real-time analysis of the image, identifying and accurately extracting the center pixel coordinates of the pupils of the left and right eyes in the image through algorithms. Combining the pre-calibrated internal parameters of the miniature near-infrared camera and its fixed installation position parameters in the system, the control module performs coordinate transformation and calculation, ultimately obtaining the specific offsets in the horizontal and vertical directions between the theoretical optical axis of the optical display unit and the actual visual axes of the user's eyes.

[0066] Subsequently, the control module synchronously generates two independent control signals based on the calculated offset. The first control signal is sent to the single-display optical engine, which performs corresponding pre-correction on the position of the virtual image content to be rendered. The second control signal is a driving voltage signal, which is sent to the liquid crystal polarization grating components located in the left and right optical paths, respectively. After receiving their respective driving voltage signals, the liquid crystal molecules inside the left and right liquid crystal polarization grating components undergo electro-induced changes, thereby dynamically adjusting the optical properties of the grating, specifically by changing the direction of its grating vector. When the light beam focused by the microlens array passes through the liquid crystal polarization grating component, the propagation direction of the light beam is deflected by a small angle. The magnitude of this deflection angle is equal to the calculated offset, but the direction is exactly opposite.

[0067] After undergoing directional deflection compensation, the beam is then coupled into the coupling gratings of the left and right waveguide mirrors. After total internal reflection within the waveguides, the beam exits through the output gratings and enters the user's eye. Because the direction of the outgoing beam has been precisely compensated by the closed-loop system, it can be aligned with the user's actual visual axis, thus achieving a stable fusion of the virtual image and the real field of view.

[0068] This embodiment provides a complete, closed-loop, and fully automated intelligent alignment workflow. This method seamlessly integrates image sensing, information processing, and optical execution, forming a rapid response system from perception to compensation. Its core value lies in automation and precision. Users do not need to perform any manual intervention; the system autonomously completes the entire process of pupil positioning, deviation calculation, and beam correction the moment the device is worn. This not only greatly simplifies user operation and achieves a convenient, plug-and-play experience, but more importantly, through the synergy of software algorithms and adjustable optical hardware, it achieves a fundamental improvement in alignment accuracy from millimeter-level to sub-millimeter-level. This method enables virtual images to intelligently adapt to different users and resist minor disturbances during daily wear, thus ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of AR visual effects.

[0069] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module is provided, wherein the surface of the optical waveguide lens is provided with an anti-glare film or an anti-fog coating; wherein the reflectivity of the anti-glare film is ≤1%, and the thickness of the anti-fog coating is 0.1mm.

[0070] In one specific embodiment, after the main optical structure of the waveguide lens is processed, surface functionalization treatment is required. Depending on the requirements of the usage environment, an anti-glare film or an anti-fog coating can be deposited on the outer surface of the waveguide lens. The anti-glare film is achieved through a specific multi-layer anti-reflective coating process, which effectively suppresses ambient light reflection from the lens surface. The anti-fog coating is formed on the lens surface as a hydrophilic transparent film through spraying or dipping processes. These surface treatment processes are precisely controlled to ensure their optical performance; for example, the anti-glare film must significantly reduce surface reflectivity, and the anti-fog coating must have appropriate thickness and adhesion, thereby giving the lens additional environmental adaptability without affecting the core display optical path.

[0071] This embodiment proactively addresses two common and significant interference issues faced by AR devices in real-world environments by adding a targeted surface functional layer to the core optical window—the waveguide lens. Anti-glare treatment directly improves the device's display performance under complex lighting conditions, enhancing the clarity and stability of virtual images outdoors or against strong light backgrounds, thus broadening the device's applicable scenarios. Anti-fog treatment ensures the device's basic usability under temperature variations or user activity, guaranteeing a continuously unobstructed visual channel. These measures significantly improve the product's environmental robustness and user trust, enabling AR display technology to move from controlled laboratory environments to real-world, dynamic life and work scenarios, making it an indispensable part of enhancing product usability and maturity.

[0072] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module is provided, wherein the arm length of the elastic gripper is adjustable in the range of 10-15mm, and / or the position of the magnetic sheet can slide along the gripper in the range of 5-10mm to adapt to glasses frames of different widths.

[0073] In one embodiment, the elastic grippers of the mechanical clamping unit are designed with an adjustable arm length, ranging from 10mm to 15mm. Users or installers can change the effective clamping length of the grippers via a simple mechanical sliding or snap-fit ​​mechanism. Furthermore, the neodymium iron boron magnets embedded inside the grippers are not fixed but are positioned within a track or groove that allows them to slide along the length of the grippers, with a sliding range between 5mm and 10mm. These adjustment features allow users to fine-tune the position and span of the clamping points, based on the specific width, thickness, and shape of their eyeglass frames, before or after installing the AR system onto their glasses.

[0074] This embodiment, building upon the existing high-quality clamping platform, further introduces a key adjustable dimension, thereby enhancing the clamping unit's adaptability from "limited compatibility" to "widely compatible." The adjustable arm length allows the same clamping mechanism to easily handle different frame sizes, from slim to thick, ensuring the applied clamping force remains within an appropriate range. The sliding magnetic plate position allows for precise alignment of the auxiliary magnetic force with the most favorable adhesion points on the frame, such as metal temples or specific frame sections, to achieve maximum stability. This adjustability provides the product with unprecedented personalized adaptability, enabling a single product model to cover the vast majority of ordinary glasses on the market, significantly expanding the target user group and solving a key obstacle to the mass market adoption of clip-on AR devices: the issue of universal compatibility with users' existing glasses.

[0075] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module is provided, wherein the focal length and arrangement density of the microlens array are configured such that, under the fixed installation distance defined by the mechanical clamping and alignment integration module, the beam output by the beam splitting module is focused onto the entire effective area of ​​the optical waveguide coupled grating, and the uniformity of the focused spot is greater than 90%.

[0076] In one specific embodiment, the design and configuration of the microlens array strictly adhere to the overall constraints of the optical system. With the mechanical clamping unit mounting the entire optical display unit onto ordinary eyeglasses at a fixed distance and angle, the focal length parameters of the microlens array and the arrangement density of the lens units are synergistically optimized. Specifically, the focal length value of each microlens in the array is calculated and selected, and their spacing and distribution are precisely designed. This configuration aims to achieve a core objective: ensuring that the left and right beams split from the one-to-two optical splitter are completely and uniformly converged to the coupling grating region of the subsequent waveguide lens after passing through the microlens array. This coupling grating region is called the effective region, and the microlens array needs to focus the beam into a spot of matching size and shape, requiring the brightness distribution of the focused spot to remain highly uniform across its entire area.

[0077] This embodiment ensures efficient and precise connection of the optical path from beam splitting to waveguide coupling. This design guarantees that limited light energy is collected to the maximum extent and precisely projected onto the coupling grating, significantly improving light energy utilization. More importantly, its strict requirements for the uniformity of the focused light spot directly ensure that the light reaching the user's eyes has good consistency, thereby eliminating visual interference caused by uneven brightness and providing users with a stable, comfortable, and high-quality AR visual experience. This is one of the key optical design principles for achieving a lightweight, low-cost system without sacrificing display quality.

[0078] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module is provided, wherein the optical waveguide lens is designed with a curved surface and a radius of curvature of 80mm to match the curved surface of ordinary glasses lenses.

[0079] In one specific embodiment, the waveguide lens is manufactured using a non-planar curved surface configuration. The curvature of this surface is specially designed to approximate or match the curvature of common eyeglass lenses. For example, the optical working surface of the lens is processed into a spherical or aspherical shape with a certain radius. After assembly, when viewed from the front by the user, the appearance and curvature of this curved waveguide lens blend well with the user's existing eyeglass lenses, rather than appearing as an abrupt plane or a protrusion with a different curvature attached to the front of the glasses.

[0080] This embodiment cleverly solves the key challenge of integrating clip-on AR devices with users' everyday glasses by designing the waveguide lens as a curved surface. The curved design allows the waveguide lens to better conform to the curvature of the user's existing glasses, enabling the entire optical display unit to be made thinner and closer to the glasses, significantly reducing the device's visual presence and physical obtrusiveness. This not only enhances the product's aesthetics and style, making it resemble a regular eyewear accessory rather than a bulky electronic device, but more importantly, it enhances wearing comfort and naturalness. User acceptance is thus greatly improved, facilitating the transformation of AR technology from a geek toy to an everyday wearable device. This feature is an important industrial design consideration for improving product user experience and market appeal.

[0081] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for implementing a clip-on AR glasses system with a one-to-two optical waveguide module includes the following operations: The AR glasses module, which includes an optical display unit and an automatic alignment mechanism, is detachably fixed to the user's ordinary glasses by means of the elastic gripper of the mechanical clamping unit and the nose bridge limiting block, wherein the center of the nose bridge limiting block coincides with the optical axis of the optical display unit. The single display optical engine is activated to generate an image beam, which is then sequentially focused by a one-to-two split beam splitter and a microlens array to form two focused beams pointing to the left and right eyes respectively. At the same time, the sensor module integrated on the mechanical clamping unit acquires images of the wearer's pupil positions and calculates the offset between the optical axis of the optical display unit and the wearer's actual visual axis based on these images. The adjustable optical compensation module, which is set in the optical path according to the offset, dynamically adjusts the direction of the two focused beams to compensate for the offset. Finally, the direction-compensated beam is coupled into the left and right waveguide lenses respectively, transmitted through the waveguides and emitted to form a virtual image aligned with the wearer's visual axis.

[0082] In one specific embodiment, the implementation method of the clip-on AR glasses system based on the aforementioned claims is executed according to specific steps. The user first operates the mechanical clamping unit, using its elastic grippers and nose bridge limiting block to detachably fix the AR module, integrating the optical display unit and automatic alignment mechanism, onto their ordinary glasses. During fixing, it is important to ensure that the center of the nose bridge limiting block is aligned with the system's optical axis. The user then activates the system, and the single-display optical engine begins to generate an image beam. This beam is sequentially split into two paths by a one-to-two beam splitter module and focused by a microlens array, forming two focused beams pointing towards the left and right eyes respectively. Simultaneously, the sensing module integrated on the mechanical clamping unit automatically activates, acquiring images of the wearer's pupil positions. Based on this image, the control module calculates in real-time the offset between the optical axis of the optical display unit and the wearer's actual visual axis. Subsequently, the system drives the adjustable optical compensation module located in the optical path to dynamically adjust the propagation direction of the two focused beams to accurately compensate for the measured offset. Finally, the beam, after direction compensation and correction, is coupled into the left and right waveguide lenses respectively. After total internal reflection transmission within the waveguide, it exits from the coupling grating and enters the human eye, ultimately forming a virtual image that is precisely aligned with the wearer's real visual axis.

[0083] This embodiment provides a complete and standardized operating procedure for upgrading ordinary glasses to AR glasses. This method connects key steps such as mechanical installation, optical activation, intelligent sensing, and dynamic compensation into a coherent automated sequence. Its core value lies in providing an extremely simple user experience of "one-click" or "ready to use." Users only need to complete the most intuitive physical installation action; the subsequent complex alignment and compensation processes are all automatically completed by the system instantly, without any manual intervention or professional knowledge. This method not only greatly lowers the user threshold but also ensures consistent and high-precision display effects every time it is worn. From a methodological perspective, it realizes a crucial transformation of AR technology from professional equipment requiring adjustment to convenient and easy-to-use consumer products, and is an important link in promoting the popularization of this technology.

[0084] Example 1: AR clip-on lenses suitable for myopia glasses Structural optimization: The inner side of the elastic gripper is lined with a 0.8mm thick silicone pad to prevent scratching the myopia lens; the nose bridge limiting block adopts an adjustable design (50-70mm) to adapt to different nose bridge widths; the waveguide lens is treated with anti-fog coating (0.1mm thick coating) to avoid fogging caused by breathing.

[0085] Results: Weight 22g, alignment error 0.3mm, exit pupil luminance 450cd / m² 2 It is compatible with over 95% of myopia glasses (frame width 45-60mm).

[0086] Example 2: Sunglasses Clip-on Structural optimization: The waveguide surface is coated with an anti-glare film (reflectivity ≤1%) to reduce interference from strong outdoor light; the optical engine brightness is increased to 800 cd / m². 2 It adapts to the display needs under sunlight; the flexible claws are made of matte black anodized material, which matches the style of sunglasses.

[0087] Results: Weight 23g, exit pupil brightness ≥500cd / m² in outdoor environment. 2 The virtual image contrast ratio is ≥100:1, which is suitable for scenarios such as cycling and hiking.

[0088] Example 3: Adjustable clip Structural optimization: The elastic arm is adjustable in length (10-15mm) to fit different frame widths (45-60mm); the magnetic clip can slide along the gripper (range 5-10mm) for precise alignment with the eyes; the waveguide lens adopts a curved design (curvature radius 80mm) to match the curvature of ordinary glasses.

[0089] Results: Weighs 24g, has a alignment error of 0.2mm, and fits over 98% of ordinary glasses. Users can adjust the clip position according to their own glasses.

[0090] Materials and Processes 1. Mechanical components: The elastic grippers are made of titanium alloy by stamping and anodizing (10μm thickness); the silicone pads are molded to a Shore A hardness of 50A. 2. Optical components: PMMA injection molding for optical waveguides (mold accuracy ±0.01mm), nanoimprinting for gratings (pressure 100bar, temperature 80℃); K9 glass grinding for beam splitting prisms, coated with polarizing beam splitting film (15 layers, thickness 50nm). 3. Assembly process: The mechanical parts are positioned using jigs, and the opening and closing degree of the elastic grippers is tested with a tension gauge (tension 1-2N); the optical parts are measured with a spectrophotometer to measure the spectrophotometric ratio (±5%), and the imaging quality is measured with an MTF meter (MTF 0.5@50lp / mm).

[0091] Example 4: Safety-compatible clip for outdoor dynamic activities The user wears a pair of outdoor sports glasses with curved lenses. The glasses have a wide and sturdy frame. When the user picks up the AR glasses system, the flexible gripper arms of its mechanical clamping unit are pre-adjusted to fit the wide frame. Silicone anti-slip pads and limiting steps on the inside of the grippers ensure that the temples of the sports glasses are not damaged during clamping while maintaining a precise vertical distance. The width of the nose bridge limiting block is adjusted to match the user's nose bridge, and its silicone material provides comfortable support. The magnetic plate at the contact point between the gripper and the frame slides to the optimal attachment position, working in conjunction with the elastic pre-clamping force of the titanium alloy grippers to keep the entire module stable and slip-free, even during activities such as running and cycling.

[0092] The optical display unit is configured for outdoor high ambient light conditions. The single display optical engine uses high-brightness Micro-LEDs, which can operate over a wide brightness range to ensure a sufficiently bright image source. The one-to-two beam splitter module consists of a high extinction ratio polarizing beam splitter prism and a semi-transparent, semi-reflective film with strictly controlled transmittance, ensuring a high degree of energy balance between the left and right eye beams after splitting. The focal length and arrangement density of the microlens array are precisely calculated and matched with a fixed mechanical mounting distance to ensure that the split beam is uniformly and efficiently focused onto the coupling area of ​​the subsequent optical waveguide. The optical waveguide lenses are made of PMMA material and manufactured with a curved design. Their curvature is optimized to fit the curvature of most sports glasses lenses, thereby reducing the overall module's thickness and making the appearance more integrated. The nano-imprinted gratings on the lens surface have high diffraction efficiency. In addition, a high-performance anti-glare film and an anti-fog coating are specially coated on the outer surface of the optical waveguide lenses to cope with visual interference caused by strong outdoor light, rain, or temperature differences.

[0093] The automatic alignment mechanism activates immediately upon the user clamping the module and powering on. A miniature near-infrared camera located on the nose bridge limiting block captures images of the user's eyes. The control module rapidly processes the images, identifies the pupil center, and calculates the minute offset between the optical axis and the user's actual visual axis based on the camera parameters. Subsequently, the control module synchronously generates two signals: one pre-corrects the rendered content of the single display optical engine; the other, a drive voltage signal, is sent to the liquid crystal polarization grating components in the left and right optical paths. These components dynamically adjust their grating vectors, applying a precise micro-angle deflection to the beam direction about to be coupled into the waveguide to compensate for the aforementioned offset.

[0094] The compensated light beams are coupled into the curved waveguide lenses on the left and right sides, respectively. After transmission through the waveguides, a clear and bright virtual image is emitted from the lenses and stably and accurately merged with the real outdoor scene seen by the user through the sports glasses. The entire system completes quickly and automatically from installation to display, requiring no manual calibration from the user, and providing a consistently well-aligned AR information overlay experience even during movement.

[0095] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module, characterized in that, include: A mechanical clamping unit for detachably securing an eyeglass system to the frame or bridge of ordinary eyeglasses, comprising resilient grippers and a bridge-limiting block; An optical display unit is fixedly connected to a mechanical clamping unit. The optical display unit is used for binocular AR display driven by a single optical engine. It includes a single display optical engine, a one-to-two beam splitter module, a microlens array, and optical waveguide lenses arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. The single display optical engine, the one-to-two beam splitter module, the microlens array, and the optical waveguide lenses are arranged and fixed in sequence along the optical path. The light emitted from the single display optical engine is split by the one-to-two beam splitter module and focused by the microlens array before being coupled into the left and right optical waveguide lenses respectively. An automatic alignment mechanism includes a sensing module and an adjustable optical compensation module. The sensing module is disposed on the mechanical clamping unit, and the adjustable optical compensation module is disposed in the optical path of the optical display unit. The sensing module is used to acquire the wearer's pupil position information, and the adjustable optical compensation module is disposed in the optical path of the optical display unit and dynamically adjusts the direction of the light beam entering the optical waveguide lens according to the pupil position information to compensate for the offset between the optical axis and the human eye's visual axis.

2. The clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the mechanical clamping unit, the elastic gripper is made of titanium alloy spring steel and is stamped. Its opening angle is 30°-60°. The inner side is covered with a silicone anti-slip pad with a thickness of 0.5mm. The inner side of the elastic gripper is provided with a limiting step for limiting the vertical distance between the clip and ordinary glasses. The nose bridge limiting block is made of silicone and its width is adjustable from 50 to 70 mm. The contact point between the elastic gripper and the eyeglass frame is embedded with a neodymium iron boron magnet, and the auxiliary attraction force provided by the magnet is 0.5-1.0N.

3. The clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the optical display unit, the one-to-two beam splitting module includes a polarizing beam splitter prism and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film. The extinction ratio of the polarizing beam splitter prism is ≥1000:1, and the transmittance of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film is 50%±5%. It is used to split a single beam into left and right beams. The semi-transparent and semi-reflective film is configured to make the energy difference between the left and right beams after splitting ≤5%. The microlens array is made of UV-curable resin; The optical waveguide lens is made of PMMA, and its coupling grating and coupling grating are fabricated using a nanoimprinting process.

4. The clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic alignment mechanism is an optical alignment mechanism integrated inside the optical display unit, and also includes a control module; The sensing module includes at least one miniature near-infrared camera disposed on the side of the nose bridge limiting block facing the human eye, for acquiring images of the pupil position of the wearer's eyes at the moment of assembly and wearing. The control module is connected to the sensing module and is used to calculate and generate display content driving signals and beam deflection control signals that match the center positions of the left and right pupils based on the pupil position image. The adjustable optical compensation module includes liquid crystal polarization grating components respectively disposed on the incident optical paths of the coupling gratings of the left and right optical waveguide lenses. The liquid crystal polarization grating components are connected to the control module and are used to change the direction of their grating vector according to the beam deflection control signal, thereby deflecting the beam emitted from the microlens array and about to be coupled into the optical waveguide at a micro-angle to compensate for the offset between the optical axis of the optical display unit and the visual axis of the human eye caused by mechanical assembly deviation.

5. The clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The alignment method of the automatic alignment mechanism includes the following steps: The miniature near-infrared camera captures an image containing both eye areas at the initial moment when the user puts on the glasses system. The image processing unit within the control module identifies and extracts the pupil center coordinates of the left and right eyes in the image. Combining the known intrinsic parameters and extrinsic parameters of the installation position of the miniature near-infrared camera, it calculates the offset in the horizontal and vertical directions between the optical axis of the optical display unit and the user's actual visual axis. The control module generates two independent control signals based on the offset: the first signal is a drive signal for the display content of the single display optical engine, used to pre-correct the rendering position of the virtual image according to the pupil position; the second signal is a drive voltage signal for the left and right liquid crystal polarization grating components in the adjustable optical compensation module. The liquid crystal polarization grating assembly dynamically changes the arrangement period and direction of its internal liquid crystal molecules according to the driving voltage signal, thereby adjusting its grating vector so that the light beam modulated by it produces a micro-angle deflection that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the offset. The deflected beam enters the waveguide through the coupling grating of the optical waveguide lens and undergoes total internal reflection. It then exits through the output grating and enters the human eye. The direction of the outgoing beam is compensated and aligned with the user's actual visual axis, thereby achieving precise fusion of the virtual image and the real field of view.

6. The clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the optical waveguide lens is provided with an anti-glare film or an anti-fog coating; wherein the reflectivity of the anti-glare film is ≤1%.

7. The clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The arm length of the elastic gripper is adjustable in the range of 10-15mm, and / or the position of the magnetic sheet can slide along the gripper in the range of 5-10mm.

8. The clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The focal length and arrangement density of the microlens array are configured such that, under the fixed installation distance defined by the mechanical clamping and alignment integration module, the beam output by the beam splitting module is focused onto the entire effective area of ​​the optical waveguide coupled grating, and the uniformity of the focused spot is greater than 90%.

9. The clip-on AR glasses system based on a one-to-two optical waveguide module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical waveguide lens has a curved surface design.

10. A method for implementing a clip-on AR glasses system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Perform the following operations: The AR glasses module, which includes an optical display unit and an automatic alignment mechanism, is detachably fixed to the user's ordinary glasses by means of the elastic gripper of the mechanical clamping unit and the nose bridge limiting block, wherein the center of the nose bridge limiting block coincides with the optical axis of the optical display unit. The single display optical engine is activated to generate an image beam, which is then sequentially focused by a one-to-two split beam splitter and a microlens array to form two focused beams pointing to the left and right eyes respectively. At the same time, the sensor module integrated on the mechanical clamping unit acquires images of the wearer's pupil positions and calculates the offset between the optical axis of the optical display unit and the wearer's actual visual axis based on these images. The adjustable optical compensation module, which is set in the optical path according to the offset, dynamically adjusts the direction of the two focused beams to compensate for the offset. Finally, the direction-compensated beam is coupled into the left and right waveguide lenses respectively, transmitted through the waveguides and emitted to form a virtual image aligned with the wearer's visual axis.

Images