Battery charging system including isolated power divider operating in simultaneous charge and discharge modes

Abstract

A battery charging system for a vehicle includes a multi-port transformer including first, second, and third windings. The first converter is connected to the first winding and includes a first plurality of switches. A second converter is connected to the second winding and the battery and includes a second plurality of switches. A third converter is connected to the third winding and an alternating current (AC) power outlet and includes a third plurality of switches. The first plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect the first converter to the charging port. The controller is configured to control the first, second, and third plurality of switches, the first plurality of configuration switches, and the second plurality of configuration switches of the first, second, and third converters to select one of a plurality of charging modes of the battery charging system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The information provided in this section is for the purpose of presenting the general background of this disclosure. To the extent described in this section, the work of the currently named inventors and aspects that may not otherwise be described as prior art at the time of filing are neither explicitly nor implicitly considered as prior art to this disclosure.

[0002] This disclosure relates to a battery charging system including an isolated power divider. Background Technology

[0003] Electric vehicles (EVs), such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and / or fuel cell vehicles, include one or more motors and batteries, said batteries including one or more battery cells, modules, and / or battery packs. Battery charging systems are used to control charging from an alternating current (AC) grid or supplying power from the battery to the AC grid or another load. Summary of the Invention

[0004] A battery charging system for a vehicle includes a multi-port transformer comprising a first winding, a second winding, and a third winding wound around a common core. A first converter is connected to the first winding and includes a first plurality of switches. A second converter is connected to the second winding and a battery and includes a second plurality of switches. A third converter is connected to the third winding and an AC power outlet and includes a third plurality of switches. The first plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect the first converter to a charging port. A controller is configured to control the first plurality of switches of the first converter, the second plurality of switches of the second converter, the third plurality of switches of the third converter, the first plurality of configuration switches, and the second plurality of configuration switches to select one of a plurality of charging modes of the battery charging system.

[0005] Among other features, a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is connected between the third converter and the AC power outlet. A second plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect the first converter to the second converter. A third plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect the third converter to the AC power outlet.

[0006] Among other features, the plurality of charging modes include a charging mode for charging the battery, a charging / discharging mode for charging the battery from the AC grid via a charging port while supplying power to an AC power outlet, and a discharging / discharging mode for discharging the battery to a load via a charging port while supplying power to an AC power outlet.

[0007] Among other features, during charging mode, the controller is configured to close a first plurality of configuration switches and a second plurality of configuration switches and open a third plurality of configuration switches. During charging mode, the controller is also configured to control the first plurality of switches, the second plurality of switches, and the third plurality of switches to supply current from the AC grid through the charging port, the first converter, the second converter, and the third converter to the battery.

[0008] Among other features, during the charging / discharging mode, the controller is configured to close a first plurality of configuration switches and a third plurality of configuration switches and open a second plurality of configuration switches.

[0009] Among other features, during the charging / discharging mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the AC grid to the second converter and the battery via a first converter, and to the AC power outlet via the first converter and the third converter.

[0010] Among other features, during discharge / discharge mode, the controller is configured to close a first plurality of configuration switches and a third plurality of configuration switches and open a second plurality of configuration switches.

[0011] Among other features, during discharge / discharge mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the battery through a second converter, a first converter, and a charging port, and through the second converter and the third converter to an AC power outlet.

[0012] Among other characteristics, an AC power grid supplies three-phase AC current. An AC power grid supplies single-phase AC current.

[0013] A battery charging system for a vehicle includes a multi-port transformer comprising a first winding, a second winding, and a third winding wound around a common core. A first converter is connected to the first winding and includes a first plurality of switches. A first electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter is connected to the first converter. A second converter is connected to the second winding and includes a second plurality of switches. A second EMI filter is connected to the second converter and a battery. A third converter is connected to the third winding and includes a third plurality of switches. A third EMI filter is connected to the third converter and an AC power outlet. A ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is connected between the third converter and the AC power outlet. The first plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect the first EMI filter to the charging port. The second plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect the first converter to the second converter. The third plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect the third converter to the AC power outlet. The controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches of the first converter, a second plurality of switches of the second converter, a third plurality of switches of the third converter, a first plurality of configuration switches, and a second plurality of configuration switches to select one of the following modes: a charging mode for charging the battery, a charging / discharging mode for charging the battery from the AC grid via a charging port while supplying power to an AC power outlet, and a discharging / discharging mode for discharging the battery to a load via a charging port while supplying power to an AC power outlet.

[0014] Among other features, during charging mode, the controller is configured to close a first plurality of configuration switches and a second plurality of configuration switches and open a third plurality of configuration switches.

[0015] Among other features, during charging mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the AC grid through a first converter and a second converter to a third converter and the battery.

[0016] Among other features, during the charging / discharging mode, the controller is configured to close a first plurality of configuration switches and a third plurality of configuration switches and open a second plurality of configuration switches.

[0017] Among other features, during the charging / discharging mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the AC grid to the second converter and the battery via a first converter, and to the AC power outlet via the first converter and the third converter.

[0018] Among other features, during discharge / discharge mode, the controller is configured to close a first plurality of configuration switches and a third plurality of configuration switches and open a second plurality of configuration switches.

[0019] Among other features, during discharge / discharge mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the battery to the charging port via a second converter and a first converter, and to the AC power outlet via a second converter and a third converter.

[0020] Among other characteristics, an AC grid supplies single-phase AC current. An AC grid supplies three-phase AC current. Option 1. A battery charging system for a vehicle, comprising: A multi-port transformer, the multi-port transformer comprising a first winding, a second winding, and a third winding wound around a common core; A first converter, the first converter being connected to a first winding and including a first plurality of switches; A second converter, the second converter being connected to a second winding and a battery and including a second plurality of switches; A third converter, which is connected to a third winding and an AC power outlet and includes a third plurality of switches; A plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect a first converter to a charging port; and A controller configured to control a first plurality of switches of a first converter, a second plurality of switches of a second converter, a third plurality of switches of a third converter, a first plurality of configuration switches, and a second plurality of configuration switches to select one of a plurality of charging modes of a battery charging system. Option 2. The battery charging system according to Option 1 further includes: A ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is connected between the third converter and the AC power outlet; A second plurality of configuration switches, configured to selectively connect the first converter to the second converter; and A third plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect a third converter to an AC power outlet. Option 3. The battery charging system according to Option 2, wherein the plurality of charging modes include: Charging modes used to charge the battery. A charging / discharging mode for charging the battery from the AC grid via the charging port while simultaneously supplying power to an AC power outlet, and Discharge / discharge mode for discharging the battery to the load via the charging port while supplying power to the AC power outlet. Option 4. The battery charging system according to Option 3, wherein during the charging mode, the controller is configured to close a first plurality of configuration switches and a second plurality of configuration switches and open a third plurality of configuration switches. Option 5. The battery charging system according to Option 4, wherein, during the charging mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the AC grid through the charging port, the first converter, and the second converter to the third converter and the battery. Option 6. The battery charging system according to Option 3, wherein during the charging / discharging mode, the controller is configured to close the first plurality of configuration switches and the third plurality of configuration switches and open the second plurality of configuration switches. Option 7. The battery charging system according to Option 6, wherein during the charging / discharging mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the AC grid to a second converter and the battery via a first converter, and to an AC power outlet via the first converter and the third converter. Option 8. The battery charging system according to Option 3, wherein during the discharge / discharge mode, the controller is configured to close the first plurality of configuration switches and the third plurality of configuration switches and open the second plurality of configuration switches. Option 9. The battery charging system according to Option 8, wherein, during the discharge / discharge mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the battery through a second converter, a first converter, and a charging port, and through the second converter and the third converter to an AC power outlet. Option 10. The battery charging system according to Option 3, wherein the AC power grid supplies three-phase AC current. Option 11. The battery charging system according to Option 3, wherein the AC power grid supplies single-phase AC current. Option 12. A battery charging system for a vehicle, comprising: A multi-port transformer, the multi-port transformer comprising a first winding, a second winding, and a third winding wound around a common core; A first converter, the first converter being connected to a first winding and including a first plurality of switches; A first electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter is connected to a first converter; A second converter, the second converter being connected to a second winding and including a second plurality of switches; A second EMI filter is connected to the second converter and the battery; A third converter, the third converter being connected to a third winding and including a third plurality of switches; A third EMI filter is connected to a third converter and an AC power outlet; A ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is connected between the third converter and the AC power outlet; A plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect a first EMI filter to a charging port; A second plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect the first converter to the second converter; A third plurality of configuration switches, configured to selectively connect a third converter to an AC power outlet; and A controller configured to control a first plurality of switches of a first converter, a second plurality of switches of a second converter, a third plurality of switches of a third converter, a first plurality of configuration switches, and a second plurality of configuration switches to select one of the following modes: Charging modes used to charge the battery. A charging / discharging mode for charging the battery from the AC grid via the charging port while simultaneously supplying power to an AC power outlet, and Discharge / discharge mode for discharging the battery to the load via the charging port while supplying power to the AC power outlet. Option 13. The battery charging system according to Option 12, wherein during the charging mode, the controller is configured to close a first plurality of configuration switches and a second plurality of configuration switches and open a third plurality of configuration switches. Option 14. The battery charging system according to Option 13, wherein, during the charging mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the AC grid through a first converter and a second converter to a third converter and the battery. Option 15. The battery charging system according to Option 12, wherein during the charging / discharging mode, the controller is configured to close a first plurality of configuration switches and a third plurality of configuration switches and open a second plurality of configuration switches. Option 16. The battery charging system according to Option 15, wherein, during the charging / discharging mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the AC grid to a second converter and the battery via a first converter, and to an AC power outlet via the first converter and the third converter. Option 17. The battery charging system according to Option 12, wherein during the discharge / discharge mode, the controller is configured to close a first plurality of configuration switches and a third plurality of configuration switches and open a second plurality of configuration switches. Option 18. The battery charging system according to Option 17, wherein, during the discharge / discharge mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the battery to the charging port via a second converter and a first converter, and to the AC power socket via the second converter and a third converter. Option 19. The battery charging system according to Option 12, wherein the AC power grid supplies single-phase AC current. Option 20. The battery charging system according to Option 12, wherein the AC grid supplies three-phase AC current.

[0021] Other areas of application of this disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description, claims, and drawings. The detailed description and specific examples are intended for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0022] This disclosure will be more fully understood from the detailed description and accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1A These are functional block diagrams and electrical schematics of an example battery charging system including an isolated power divider, based on this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 1B These are functional block diagrams and electrical schematic diagrams of examples of controllers, configuration switches, and converter switches for battery charging systems according to this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 2 A more detailed functional block diagram and electrical schematic diagram of an example of a converter for a battery charging system according to this disclosure;

[0026] Figure 3 These are more detailed functional block diagrams and electrical schematics of examples of battery charging systems configured in charging mode according to this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 4 It is configured according to this disclosure in a simultaneous charging / discharging mode. Figure 3 More detailed functional block diagrams and electrical schematics of the battery charging system;

[0028] Figure 5 It is configured in discharge / discharge mode according to this disclosure. Figure 3 More detailed functional block diagrams and electrical schematics of the battery charging system;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for controlling a configuration switch and a converter switch for a battery charging system according to the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 7 A more detailed functional block diagram and electrical schematic diagram of an example of a battery charging system connected to a three-phase AC power grid according to this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 8 This is an electrical schematic diagram of an example electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter according to this disclosure;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a functional block diagram and electrical schematic diagram of another example of a battery charging system including an isolated power divider according to this disclosure; and

[0033] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 More detailed functional block diagrams and electrical schematics of the battery charging system.

[0034] In the accompanying drawings, reference numerals may be used repeatedly to identify similar and / or identical elements. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Batteries used in electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid vehicles, and / or fuel cell vehicles comprise one or more battery cells, modules, and / or battery packs. The battery charging system controls the charging of the battery via a charging port connected to a utility (or alternating current (AC) grid) and / or the supply of power from the battery system to the charging port (for returning power to the AC grid or other loads, such as another vehicle, home, etc.). The AC grid can supply single-phase or three-phase power.

[0036] Vehicles may also include an onboard AC power outlet (e.g., a 120-volt (V) AC outlet). Some charging systems require the AC power outlet to supply power while the vehicle is being charged from the AC grid. As can be understood, the battery charging system should provide galvanic isolation between the AC power outlet and the AC grid or other components of the battery charging system.

[0037] This disclosure relates to a battery charging system configured to provide vehicle-to-load (V2L) functionality and current isolation between the AC grid and the AC power outlet (with minimal hardware addition and / or control reconfiguration). The battery charging system is configured to supply power at 120 volts (V) AC while charging from the AC grid or discharging from the battery to the AC grid or another load. The battery charging system is configured to support parallel operation during charging or discharging modes and to share power among the converters in the battery charging system. In some examples, the battery charging system includes a multi-port transformer that provides isolation between the AC grid, the on-board charging module (OBCM), and / or the power divider.

[0038] The battery charging system eliminates the risk of short circuits in the internal components of the OBCM during simultaneous charging and / or discharging modes because there will be two ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) on the AC, and the AC power socket side needs to be grounded.

[0039] The battery charging system provides a 120VAC outlet isolated from the AC power grid. Due to the use of a multiport converter, the battery charging system features reduced size and cost. The multiport converter connects to a multiport transformer, which includes multiple windings wound around a common core. The battery charging system provides functional safety at the AC power outlet.

[0040] The battery charging system supports power supply from the vehicle to a load (V2L) via the vehicle's AC outlet, and simultaneously supply power through the charging port (typically connected to the AC grid). The battery charging system supports power supply from the vehicle to the vehicle (V2V) via both the AC power outlet and the charging port. The battery charging system supports power supply from the vehicle to the grid (V2G) via the charging port, as well as power supply from the vehicle to the vehicle (V2V) and from the vehicle to a household (V2H) via the AC power outlet. The battery charging system provides redundancy and fault-tolerant operation of the OBCM. The battery charging system also provides the ability to measure leakage current through the AC power outlet.

[0041] Now for reference Figure 1A and 1B This illustrates a battery charging system for a vehicle including battery 110. Charging port 120 provides connection to a single-phase or three-phase power system and is configured by switch S. A1 and S A2 Electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter 122 is selectively connected to converter 126. The output of converter 126 is connected to winding L1 of multiport transformer T. Winding L2 of multiport transformer T (connected to windings L1 and L3 of multiport transformer T) is connected to battery 110 by converter 130 and EMI filter 134.

[0042] The winding L3 of the multi-port transformer T is connected to the windings L1 and L2 of the multi-port transformer T and is connected by a converter 150, an EMI filter 146, a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) 142, and a switch S. C1 and S C2 Selectively connected to AC power outlet 140. The conductor between EMI filter 122 and converter 126 is connected by configuration switch S. B1 and S B2 A conductor is selectively connected between EMI filter 146 and converter 150. In some examples, EMI filter 122 and EMI filter 146 are integrated together.

[0043] exist Figure 1B In the middle, the controller 170 is configured to set the configuration switch (S A1 and S A2 and S B1 and S B2 The controller 170 is configured to control the state of the battery 110 to select an operating mode (e.g., charging the battery 110, charging the battery 110 and discharging it through the AC power outlet 140, and discharging the battery 110 and discharging it through the AC power outlet 140). The controller 170 is also configured to control the configuration switch 174, the switch 178 in the converter 126, the switch 182 in the converter 130, and the switch 184 in the converter 150 to support the selected operating mode.

[0044] Converters 126, 130, and 150 may include any suitable converter. In some examples, converters 126, 130, and 150 include... Figures 2 to 7 The two-stage totem pole converter shown is described further below. In other examples, converters 126, 130, and 150 include single-stage converters, such as matrix converters, electrolytic capacitor-free converters, and / or other suitable converters.

[0045] Now for reference Figure 2 Converters 126, 130, and 150 are shown in more detail. Converter 126 includes switch pairs S1 and S2, S3 and S4, and S5 and S6 connected in series between conductors 190 and 191. The node between switch pairs S1 and S2 is connected to EMI filter 122 and switch S by inductor L4. B1 One terminal of the switch pair S3. The node between switch pair S3 and S4 is connected to EMI filter 122 by inductor L5. In some examples, the first terminals of inductors L4 and L5 are shorted at EMI filter 122. The node between switch pair S5 and S6 is connected to EMI filter 122 and switch S. B2 One terminal. Capacitor C1 is connected between conductors 190 and 191.

[0046] Switch pairs (S7 and S8) and (S9 and S8) 10 A series connection is made between conductors 190 and 191. The node between switch pair S7 and S8 is connected to the first terminal of inductor L6. Switch pair S9 and S... 10 The node between them is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C2. The second terminal of inductor L6 is connected to the first terminal of winding L1. The second terminal of capacitor C2 is connected to the second terminal of winding L1.

[0047] The first terminal of winding L2 is connected to the first terminal of inductor L7. The second terminal of inductor L7 is connected to switch pair S. 11 and S 12The node is connected between conductors 192 and 193. The second terminal of winding L2 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C3. The second terminal of capacitor C3 is connected to switch pair S. 13 and S 14 The node is connected between conductors 192 and 193. Capacitor C4 is connected between conductors 192 and 193. The first terminal of EMI filter 134 is connected to conductors 192 and 193. Battery 110 is connected to the second terminal of EMI filter 134.

[0048] The first terminal of winding L3 is connected to the first terminal of inductor L9. The second terminal of inductor L9 is connected to switch pair S. 25 and S 26 The node is connected between conductors 194 and 195. The second terminal of winding L3 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C6. The second terminal of capacitor C6 is connected to switch pair S. 27 and S 28 The node (connected between conductors 194 and 195) is used. Capacitor C5 is connected between conductors 194 and 195.

[0049] Switch to S 21 and S 22 and S 23 and S 24 Connected in series between conductors 194 and 195. Switch pair S 21 and S 22 The node between them is connected to the first terminal of inductor L8 and switch S. B1 The second terminal. Switch to S 23 and S 24 The nodes between them are connected to EMI filter 146 and switch S. B2 The second terminal. EMI filter 146 is connected to GFCI 142 and AC power socket 140. In some examples, EMI filters 122, 134 and 146 include inductors connected in series and a ground capacitor connected between one or more of the inductors connected in series, but other types of EMI filters can be used.

[0050] Now for reference Figures 3 to 5 This illustrates the operation of the battery charging system. Figure 3 In the middle, configure switch S A1 and S A2 and S B1 and S B2 Close, and configure switch S C1 and S C2Disconnect. The switches of converters 126, 130, and 150 are configured to charge battery 110. In other words, current flows from charging port 120 through converters 126 and 130, transformer T, and converter 130 to battery 110.

[0051] exist Figure 4 In the middle, configure switch S A1 and S A2 and S C1 and S C2 Close, and configure switch S B1 and S B2 Disconnect. The switches of converters 126, 130, and 150 are configured to charge battery 110 and supply current to AC power outlet 140. In other words, current flows from charging port 120 through converter 126 and transformer T to converter 130 and battery 110, and to converter 150 and AC power outlet 140.

[0052] exist Figure 5 In the middle, configure switch S A1 and S A2 and S C1 and S C2 Close, and configure switch S B1 and S B2 Disconnect. The switches of converters 126, 130, and 150 are configured to supply power from battery 110 to charging port 120 and to AC power outlet 140. In other words, power flows from battery 110 through converter 130 and transformer T to converter 126 and charging port 120, and to converter 150 and AC power outlet 140.

[0053] Now for reference Figure 6 The diagram illustrates a method for controlling a battery charging system. At 210, the method determines whether a charging mode has been selected. If true, the controller sets the state of the configuration switch at 214 and controls the converter switch at 218 to initiate charging. At 222, the method determines whether the charging mode is complete. If true, the method returns to 210. If false, the method returns to 218.

[0054] If 210 is false, the method continues to 230. At 230, the method determines whether to select a charging and discharging mode. If true, the controller sets the state of the configuration switch at 234 and controls the converter switch at 238 for charging and discharging. At 242, the method determines whether the charging and discharging mode is complete. If true, the method returns to 210. If false, the method returns to 238.

[0055] If 230 is false, the method continues to 250. At 250, the method determines whether to select a discharge and discharge mode. If true, the controller sets the state of the configuration switch at 254 and controls the converter switch at 258 to discharge and recharge. At 262, the method determines whether the charging and discharging modes are complete. If true, the method returns to 210. If false, the method returns to 258.

[0056] Now for reference Figure 7 The charging port 120 may include switches S A1 To S A4 The three phases and neutral line (N) are connected to the EMI filter 122. The third phase is controlled by switch S. A3 EMI filter 122 and inductor L 10 Selectively connected to the node between switch pair S5 and S6. Capacitor C1 is a capacitor C connected in series between conductors 190 and 191. 1A and C 1B Instead, the neutral phase is connected to capacitor C. 1A and C 1B The nodes between them. Configuration switch S is omitted. B1 and S B2 .

[0057] Now for reference Figure 8 An example of an EMI filter for a three-phase AC power grid is shown. The inductors connected in series are connected to L... 11 and L 12 L 13 and L 14 L 15 and L 16 and L 17 and L 18 Connected to the three phases and the neutral line respectively. Capacitor C 11 To C 16 Inductors connected in series L 11 and L 12 L 13 and L 14 L 15 and L 16 and L 17 and L 18 The first and second terminals of one or more inductors.

[0058] Now for reference Figure 9 and 10 Provide configuration switches S for lines L1, L2 and N. C1 S C2 and S C3 Capacitor C5 consists of capacitor C connected between conductors 194 and 195.5A and C 5B Replace. Configure switch S C3 Connected to capacitor C 5A and C 5B The nodes between. Figure 9 and 10 The configuration shown supports AC outlets with phased 120V / 240V power (L1-N-L2).

[0059] The foregoing description is illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit this disclosure, its application, or use. The broad teachings of this disclosure can be implemented in various forms. Therefore, while this disclosure includes specific examples, its true scope should not be so limited, as other modifications will become apparent upon examination of the drawings, specification, and appended claims. It should be understood that one or more steps within a method may be performed in a different order (or simultaneously) without altering the principles of this disclosure. Furthermore, while each of the embodiments described above is described as having certain features, any one or more of those features described with reference to any embodiment of this disclosure may be implemented in and / or combined with features of any other embodiment, even if such combinations are not explicitly described. In other words, the described embodiments are not mutually exclusive, and substitutions of one or more embodiments for each other remain within the scope of this disclosure.

[0060] Various terms are used to describe spatial and functional relationships between elements (e.g., between modules, circuit elements, semiconductor layers, etc.), including “connected,” “joined,” “linked,” “adjacent,” “next to,” “on top,” “above,” “below,” and “set.” Unless explicitly described as “direct,” when describing the relationship between first and second elements in the above disclosure, the relationship can be a direct relationship in which no other intermediate elements exist between the first and second elements, or an indirect relationship in which one or more intermediate elements exist between the first and second elements (spatially or functionally). As used herein, the phrase “at least one of A, B, and C” should be interpreted as meaning logic using the non-exclusive logic “OR” (A or B or C) and should not be interpreted as meaning “at least one of A, at least one of B, and at least one of C.”

[0061] In a diagram, the direction of the arrows typically indicates the flow of information (e.g., data or instructions) of interest. For example, when components A and B exchange various types of information, but the information transmitted from component A to component B is relevant to the diagram, the arrow may point from component A to component B. This unidirectional arrow does not imply that no other information is transmitted from component B to component A. Furthermore, for information sent from component A to component B, component B may send a request for the information or an acknowledgment of receipt of the information to component A.

[0062] In this application, including the following definitions, the term "module" or "controller" may be replaced by the term "circuit". The term "module" may refer to, be part of, or include the following: application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC); digital, analog, or mixed-signal analog / digital discrete circuit; digital, analog, or mixed-signal analog / digital integrated circuit; combinational logic circuit; field-programmable gate array (FPGA); processor circuitry (shared, dedicated, or grouped) that executes code; memory circuitry (shared, dedicated, or grouped) that stores code executed by the processor circuitry; other suitable hardware components that provide the aforementioned functionality; or some or all of the above, such as in a system-on-a-chip.

[0063] A module may include one or more interface circuits. In some examples, the interface circuits may include wired or wireless interfaces connected to a local area network (LAN), the Internet, a wide area network (WAN), or a combination thereof. The functionality of any given module disclosed herein may be distributed across multiple modules connected via the interface circuits. For example, multiple modules may allow for load balancing. In another example, a server (also referred to as a remote or cloud) module may perform some functions on behalf of a client module.

[0064] As used above, the term "code" can include software, firmware, and / or microcode, and can refer to programs, routines, functions, classes, data structures, and / or objects. The term "shared processor circuitry" covers a single processor circuitry that executes some or all of the code from multiple modules. The term "group processor circuitry" covers a processor circuitry that, in combination with additional processor circuitry, executes some or all of the code from one or more modules. References to multiple processor circuitry cover multiple processor circuitry on discrete dies, multiple processor circuitry on a single die, multiple cores of a single processor circuitry, multiple threads of a single processor circuitry, or a combination thereof. The term "shared memory circuitry" covers a single memory circuitry that stores some or all of the code from multiple modules. The term "group memory circuitry" covers a memory circuitry that, in combination with additional memory, stores some or all of the code from one or more modules.

[0065] The term "memory circuit" is a subset of the term "computer-readable medium." As used herein, the term "computer-readable medium" does not cover transient electrical or electromagnetic signals propagating through a medium (e.g., on a carrier wave); the term "computer-readable medium" can therefore be considered tangible and non-transient. Non-limiting examples of non-transient tangible computer-readable media are non-volatile memory circuits (e.g., flash memory circuits, erasable programmable read-only memory circuits, or masked read-only memory circuits), volatile memory circuits (e.g., static random access memory circuits or dynamic random access memory circuits), magnetic storage media (e.g., analog or digital magnetic tape or hard disk drives), and optical storage media (e.g., CDs, DVDs, or Blu-ray discs).

[0066] The apparatus and methods described in this application can be implemented, in part or in whole, by a special-purpose computer created by configuring a general-purpose computer to perform one or more specific functions implemented in a computer program. The aforementioned function blocks, flowchart components, and other elements serve as software specifications that can be routinely converted into computer programs by skilled technicians or programmers.

[0067] A computer program includes processor-executable instructions stored on at least one non-transitory tangible computer-readable medium. A computer program may also include or depend on stored data. A computer program may encompass a basic input / output system (BIOS) that interacts with the hardware of a special-purpose computer, device drivers that interact with specific devices of the special-purpose computer, one or more operating systems, user applications, background services, background applications, etc.

[0068] Computer programs may include: (i) descriptive text to be parsed, such as HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), XML (Extensible Markup Language), or JSON (JavaScript Object Symbolization); (ii) assembly code; (iii) object code generated from source code by a compiler; (iv) source code executed by an interpreter; (v) source code compiled and executed by a just-in-time (JIT) compiler; and so on. As an example only, programs from languages ​​including C, C++, C#, Objective-C, Swift, Haskell, Go, SQL, R, and Lisp can be used. Fortran, Perl, Pascal, Curl, OCaml, HTML5 (Hypertext Markup Language, 5th Revision), Ada, ASP (Active Server Pages), PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor), Scala, Eiffel, Smalltalk, Erlang, Ruby, Lua, MATLAB, SIMULINK and Use the syntax of the language to write source code.

Claims

1. A battery charging system for a vehicle, comprising: A multi-port transformer, the multi-port transformer comprising a first winding, a second winding, and a third winding wound around a common core; A first converter, the first converter being connected to a first winding and including a first plurality of switches; A second converter, the second converter being connected to a second winding and a battery and including a second plurality of switches; A third converter, which is connected to a third winding and an AC power outlet and includes a third plurality of switches; A plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect a first converter to a charging port; as well as A controller configured to control a first plurality of switches of a first converter, a second plurality of switches of a second converter, a third plurality of switches of a third converter, a first plurality of configuration switches, and a second plurality of configuration switches to select one of a plurality of charging modes of a battery charging system.

2. The battery charging system according to claim 1 further includes: A ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is connected between the third converter and the AC power outlet; A second plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect the first converter to the second converter; as well as A third plurality of configuration switches are configured to selectively connect a third converter to an AC power outlet.

3. The battery charging system according to claim 2, wherein, The multiple charging modes include: Charging modes used to charge the battery. A charging / discharging mode for charging the battery from the AC grid via the charging port while simultaneously supplying power to an AC power outlet, and Discharge / discharge mode for discharging the battery to the load via the charging port while supplying power to the AC power outlet.

4. The battery charging system according to claim 3, wherein, During charging mode, the controller is configured to close the first plurality of configuration switches and the second plurality of configuration switches and open the third plurality of configuration switches.

5. The battery charging system according to claim 4, wherein, During charging mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the AC grid through the charging port, the first converter, the second converter, to the third converter and the battery.

6. The battery charging system according to claim 3, wherein, During the charging / discharging mode, the controller is configured to close the first plurality of configuration switches and the third plurality of configuration switches and open the second plurality of configuration switches.

7. The battery charging system according to claim 6, wherein, During the charging / discharging mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the AC grid to the second converter and the battery through the first converter and the third converter, and to the AC power outlet through the first converter and the third converter.

8. The battery charging system according to claim 3, wherein, During discharge / discharge mode, the controller is configured to close the first plurality of configuration switches and the third plurality of configuration switches and open the second plurality of configuration switches.

9. The battery charging system according to claim 8, wherein, During discharge / discharge mode, the controller is configured to control a first plurality of switches, a second plurality of switches, and a third plurality of switches to supply current from the battery through a second converter, a first converter, and a charging port, and through the second converter and the third converter to the AC power outlet.

10. The battery charging system according to claim 3, wherein, The AC power grid supplies three-phase AC current.

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