A combined machine for bevel gear tooth profile machining

Abstract

This invention provides a composite lathe for machining bevel gear teeth, belonging to the field of bevel gear machining technology. The lathe includes a track base and machining components, chamfering components, and cleaning components mounted on the track base. The machining components include a first slide plate and a second slide plate synchronously driven by a single screw. An inclined seat for clamping the bevel gear workpiece and a three-jaw chuck are respectively mounted on the first and second slide plates. Cutting tools are provided at both ends of one side of the track base, and a chamfering tool with a follow-up mechanism consisting of a moving box, a ramp block, a first pulley, and a first spring is provided in the middle. A brush wheel cleaning component is provided between the cutting station and the chamfering station. This invention can complete the cutting, chamfering, and online cleaning of bevel gears under the same clamping conditions, reducing workpiece handling and repeated positioning, reducing the superposition of positioning errors, improving machining cycle time, chamfering consistency, and surface quality, and is suitable for high-efficiency machining of bevel gears.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bevel gear machining technology, and in particular to a composite lathe for machining bevel gear tooth profiles. Background Technology

[0002] Because bevel gears have a continuously changing tooth profile from the large end to the small end, sharp tooth tips, and complex end face intersections, burrs, sharp edges, and chipping are easily generated at the tooth tips, tooth edges, and tooth groove exits after tooth profile machining. To ensure smooth meshing and uniform load distribution, it is necessary to obtain qualified geometric accuracy and surface roughness through precise tooth profile cutting. At the same time, the edges of the large and small ends must be chamfered and deburred to reduce stress concentration and edge meshing interference, prevent scratches and chipping during assembly / operation, improve lubrication retention and noise vibration, and enhance fatigue resistance and operational safety after heat treatment.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese patent document CN117161483B discloses a bevel gear cutting lathe, including: a gear hobbing machine, the gear hobbing machine including: a base; a gear hobbing mechanism, the gear hobbing mechanism being slidably connected to the base and capable of gear hobbing; and a clamping and changing unit. This invention, by setting a clamping and changing unit on the gear hobbing machine, can unload the workpiece after hobbing and load unhobbed workpieces for the gear hobbing mechanism to continue hobbing, saving manpower and resources, reducing downtime of the gear hobbing machine, and improving production efficiency. However, this technology is consistent with traditional methods in that existing bevel gear processing equipment usually separates tooth cutting and chamfering into two independent processes, completed on the cutting machine and chamfering machine respectively. This separate processing method requires repeated clamping and handling of the workpiece, leading to the superposition of positioning errors between processes, affecting the gear processing accuracy. At the same time, if the chips generated during the cutting process are not cleaned in time, they are easily left in the tooth grooves, affecting the chamfering quality and tool life, reducing overall processing efficiency, and hindering mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a composite lathe for machining bevel gear teeth to solve the problems of positioning error, reduced machining accuracy, and low efficiency caused by the separation of cutting and chamfering in existing bevel gear machining, as well as the problem of shortened tool life due to untimely chip removal.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A composite lathe for machining bevel gear teeth includes a track base and a machining assembly, a chamfering assembly, and a cleaning assembly mounted on the track base. The machining assembly includes a first slide plate and a second slide plate synchronously driven by a single screw. An inclined seat is mounted on the top of each of the first and second slide plates. A stepper motor is installed inside the inclined seat. A three-jaw chuck is rotatably engaged on one side of the top of the inclined seat. The output end of the stepper motor passes through the side wall of the inclined seat and is connected to one end of the three-jaw chuck. A fixing post is mounted on the other end of the three-jaw chuck, and a bolt is internally threaded onto the end of the fixing post furthest from the three-jaw chuck. Cutting tools are mounted at both ends of one side of the track base, and a support base and a chamfering assembly are located in the middle. The chamfering assembly includes a limiting cylinder, a moving box, and a follower mechanism consisting of a ramp block, a first pulley, and a first spring. A chamfering cutter is mounted on one side of the moving box. A cleaning assembly is located on one side of the track base between the cutting station and the chamfering station. The cleaning assembly includes a brush wheel used to clean the tooth groove exit as the workpiece passes through.

[0007] Optionally, a first fixed seat and a second fixed seat are fixedly connected to both ends of one side of the track seat, and a second motor is fixedly connected to the top of the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat, respectively. The output end of the second motor passes through the top of the first fixed seat and is fixedly connected to one side of the cutting tool. An oil injection pipe is installed on the top of the first fixed seat, and the position of the output end of the oil injection pipe corresponds to the position of the cutting tool. The tilting seat is connected to the first sliding plate at an inclined angle.

[0008] Optionally, a protective shell is fixedly connected to one side of the track seat, and a screw is rotatably connected inside the protective shell. Two sliders are threadedly connected to the outside of the screw. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to one side of each slider. The tops of the two connecting plates are respectively fixedly connected to one side of the first sliding plate and the second sliding plate. A first motor is fixedly connected to one side of one end of the track seat. The output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the screw. The first motor and the single screw constitute a synchronous drive mechanism for the first and second sliding plates. The two sliders feed in the same direction along the same lead and drive the first and second sliding plates to reciprocate with a fixed phase relationship through the connecting plate, so that the cutting tools at both ends of one side of the track seat and the chamfering tool in the middle are aligned sequentially in spatial order within the same stroke.

[0009] Optionally, a support seat is provided in the middle of one side of the track seat, and a T-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the top of the support seat. The chamfering assembly includes a limiting cylinder fixedly connected to one side of the top of the T-shaped plate. A movable box is slidably engaged inside the bottom of the limiting cylinder. A chamfering knife is installed on one side of the movable box. An alignment groove is provided on one side of the limiting cylinder, and the position of the alignment groove corresponds to the position of the chamfering knife.

[0010] Optionally, a first limiting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom middle position of the T-shaped plate, a first L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first limiting plate, a first linkage post is slidably engaged inside the first limiting plate, the top end of the first linkage post passes through the interior of the first limiting plate and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable box, the bottom end of the first linkage post passes through the interior of the first L-shaped plate and is fitted with a first pulley, a first spring is sleeved on the outside of the first linkage post, the top of the first spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first limiting plate, and the bottom of the first spring is fixedly connected to the outside of the first linkage post located at the top of the first L-shaped plate.

[0011] Optionally, a positioning plate is fixedly connected to one side of the first and second sliding plates respectively. A ramp is fixedly connected to the top of the positioning plate. A slope is provided at the top of one end of the ramp. The position of the ramp corresponds to the position of the first pulley. The ramp has a hypotenuse and a slope at the top. When the first pulley rolls along the hypotenuse, it pushes the first linkage column to move axially relative to the first limiting plate and compresses the first spring, causing the moving box to retract relative to the limiting cylinder. When the first pulley enters the release section of the ramp, the moving box is reset and moved closer under the action of the first spring, so as to limit the chamfering tool's approach and departure stroke between the large diameter and small diameter positions of the workpiece.

[0012] Optionally, a fixed shaft is rotatably engaged inside the movable box, and a first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed shaft. One end of the fixed shaft passes through the movable box and is fixedly connected to the shaft of a chamfering tool. A second bevel gear is meshed with one side of the first bevel gear, and a connecting shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the second bevel gear. A spline shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the movable box through the connecting shaft. A protective cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting cylinder. A limiting post is rotatably engaged inside the protective cylinder. A spline groove is formed inside the limiting post. The outside of the top of the spline shaft engages with the spline groove inside the limiting post. A third motor is installed on the top of one end of the protective cylinder. The output end of the third motor is connected to the outside of the top of the limiting post via a first pulley.

[0013] Optionally, a limiting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the movable box. The limiting plate is sleeved on the outside of the connection between the spline shaft and the connecting shaft. A U-shaped groove is opened inside the limiting plate. A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the top of the connecting shaft. The outside of the fixing plate is rotatably connected to the inside of the U-shaped groove.

[0014] Optionally, the cleaning assembly includes second limiting plates fixedly connected to both ends of the bottom of the T-shaped plate. The positions of the two second limiting plates are respectively between the first fixed seat and the support seat, and between the support seat and the second fixed seat. A second linkage column is slidably engaged inside the second limiting plate. A linkage plate is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the second linkage column. Sliding grooves are respectively opened on both sides of the limiting cylinder. The end of the linkage plate away from the second linkage column passes through the interior of the sliding groove and is fixedly connected to one side of the moving box. A connecting column is fixedly connected to one side of the second linkage column. A shaft is rotatably engaged inside the end of the connecting column away from the second linkage column. The two shafts are respectively driven by a second pulley and a third pulley to the outside of the fixed shaft passing through one end of the moving box. A brush wheel is fixedly connected to the end of the shaft away from the connecting column. Protective covers are installed on the outside of the two shafts, and the protective covers cover the outside of the second pulley and the third pulley.

[0015] Optionally, a second L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second limiting plate, and a second pulley is installed inside the second L-shaped plate through the bottom end of the second linkage column. A second spring is sleeved on the outside of the second linkage column. The top end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second limiting plate, and the bottom end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the outside of the second linkage column located at the top of the second L-shaped plate. The position of the second pulley corresponds to the position of the slope block. When the second pulley contacts the slope block and rolls along the inclined side, it compresses the second spring, causing the second linkage column to move upward. This, in turn, drives the moving box and the brush wheel to move away from the workpiece via the linkage plate. When the second pulley enters the slope release section, the brush wheel is reset and fits against the small diameter edge of the workpiece under the action of the second spring.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] In the above solution, by setting up a machining component, a chamfering component, and a cleaning component, the machining component provides stable and continuous dual-station compound cycle machining of bevel gears. The chamfering component automatically triggers the chamfering cutter to chamfer the corresponding position of the bevel gear when the bevel gear moves into place. The cleaning component is set between cutting and chamfering, enabling the bevel gear to be cleaned after both cutting and chamfering. The three components complete an integrated closed loop of "cutting-chamfering-cleaning" within the same clamping and the same stroke. This collaborative design reduces the number of clamping and handling operations, reduces the superposition of coaxiality and positioning errors, and significantly improves dimensional consistency and surface quality. At the same time, it reduces the footprint and equipment investment, shortens the machining cycle, and improves the production line throughput and automation level, making it suitable for the efficient machining of bevel gears.

[0018] By setting up machining components, the first and second sliding plates located on the top of the track seat and the linkage drive of the single screw-first motor are used to achieve synchronous reciprocating motion of two stations: when one side of the bevel gear is being cut, the other side is simultaneously moving to the chamfering position, and then they are interchanged, forming an alternating continuous cycle, which significantly shortens auxiliary time and increases productivity. At the same time, by setting the cutting and chamfering on the same axis, machining errors are reduced, and the cutting area can be chamfered immediately after cutting, avoiding the trouble of repeated calibration later. Meanwhile, the tilting seat, together with the stepper motor driving the three-jaw chuck, can accurately index and facilitate quick clamping. The fixing column and bolts achieve reliable axial locking, ensuring the rigidity and positioning accuracy of the bevel gear in the tilted posture, which is suitable for bevel gear tooth profile machining. The cutting tools arranged at both ends are driven by an independent second motor, and the oil injection pipe is aligned to supply oil, which effectively reduces cutting heat and tool wear, and improves surface quality and tool life.

[0019] By setting up a chamfering assembly, which consists of a limit cylinder and a moving box guide, and a "follow-up + elastic compensation" mechanism with a first linkage column, a first spring and a first pulley: when the bevel gear transitions from the large end to the small end along the stroke, the first pulley climbs and retracts along the inclined side of the slope block, driving the moving box to automatically move the chamfering cutter away from the workpiece, thereby obtaining a consistent and repeatable chamfer amount at different diameters, eliminating the need for manual repeated tool adjustments, reducing the risk of misoperation and collision. The power of the chamfering cutter is transmitted by a third motor through the limit column—spline shaft—bevel gear reversal, ensuring that the tool obtains stable torque while allowing axial relative sliding, ensuring that the power is not interrupted during automatic advance and retreat, making the chamfering process smoother and more controllable, and ensuring the consistency of the chamfer size.

[0020] By setting up a cleaning component, a second limiting plate and a second linkage column are set on both sides of the support base. The second pulley is also guided by the slope block to realize the automatic contact between the large end and the small end of the bevel gear by the brush wheel, thereby cleaning the burrs on the edge of the bevel gear. At the same time, the second spring provides flexible pre-tension to avoid hard interference and scratching the tooth surface. Meanwhile, the rotation of the brush wheel is synchronously transmitted by the chamfering cutter fixed shaft through the second and third pulleys, so as to achieve real-time rotation and cleaning during the chamfering process, timely removal of chips from the edge of the tooth groove, prevention of chip sintering, reduction of tool wear and workpiece surface scratches, and reduction of subsequent cleaning processes while improving the cleanliness of the processing site and the appearance quality of the product. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram demonstrating the processing of bevel gears according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the contact between the slope block and the first pulley of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the chamfering component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective cover of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the limiting cylinder of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a side cross-sectional view of the movable box and the limiting cylinder of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first linkage column and the movable box in this invention;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective shell of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram demonstrating the contact between the chamfering tool and the bevel gear of the present invention.

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] 1. Track base; 2. First slide plate; 3. Second slide plate; 4. Protective shell; 5. Screw; 6. First motor; 7. Slider; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Inclined seat; 10. Three-jaw chuck; 11. Fixed column; 12. Bolt; 13. Alignment plate; 14. Sloping block; 15. First fixed seat; 16. Second fixed seat; 17. Second motor; 18. Cutting blade; 19. Oil injection pipe; 20. Support base; 21. T-shaped plate; 22. First limiting plate; 23. First L-shaped plate; 24. Moving box; 25. Limiting cylinder; 26. First linkage column; 27. First spring; 28. First pulley; 2 9. First bevel gear; 30. Second bevel gear; 31. Fixed shaft; 32. Chamfering cutter; 33. Connecting shaft; 34. Fixed plate; 35. Limiting plate; 36. Splined shaft; 37. Limiting post; 38. First pulley; 39. Third motor; 40. Alignment groove; 41. Slide groove; 42. Second limiting plate; 43. Second L-shaped plate; 44. Second connecting post; 45. Second spring; 46. Second pulley; 47. Connecting plate; 48. Connecting post; 49. Shaft; 50. Brush wheel; 51. Second pulley; 52. Third pulley; 53. Protective cylinder; 54. Slope; 55. Protective cover.

[0034] As shown in the figure, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure to clearly illustrate the structure of the embodiments of the present invention. However, this is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to this specific structure, device and environment. Those skilled in the art can adjust or modify these devices and environments according to specific needs. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The composite lathe for machining bevel gear teeth provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can use other alternative methods to implement some known technologies; moreover, the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a composite lathe for machining bevel gear teeth, including a track base 1 and machining components, chamfering components, and cleaning components disposed on the track base 1. The machining components include a first slide plate 2 and a second slide plate 3 slidably connected to the top of the track base 1. An inclined seat 9 is respectively mounted on the top of the first slide plate 2 and the second slide plate 3. A stepper motor is installed inside the inclined seat 9. A three-jaw chuck 10 is rotatably engaged on one side of the top of the inclined seat 9. The output end of the stepper motor passes through the side wall of the inclined seat 9 and is connected to one end of the three-jaw chuck 10. A fixing post 11 is installed on the other end of the three-jaw chuck 10. A bolt 12 is threadedly connected to the end of the fixing post 11 away from the three-jaw chuck 10. A protective shell 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the track base 1. The inner surface of the protective shell 4... The track seat 1 is rotatably connected to a screw 5, and the screw 5 is externally threaded to two sliders 7. The two sliders 7 are respectively connected to the first slide plate 2 and the second slide plate 3. One end of the track seat 1 is provided with a first motor 6 that drives the screw 5 to rotate. Cutting blades 18 are respectively installed at both ends of one side of the track seat 1. A support seat 20 and a chamfering assembly are provided in the middle of one side of the track seat 1. The chamfering assembly includes a T-shaped plate 21, a limiting cylinder 25, a moving box 24, and a follower mechanism composed of a slope block 14, a first pulley 28, and a first spring 27. A chamfering blade 32 is installed on one side of the moving box 24. A cleaning assembly located between the cutting station and the chamfering station is provided on one side of the track seat 1. The cleaning assembly includes a brush wheel 50, which is used to clean the tooth groove exit when the workpiece passes through.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves technical effects through the following necessary structures:

[0038] By using "single screw 5 + first motor 6 + double slider 7" to link the two slide plates at the same speed and with the same lead, an inherent phase constraint is formed to ensure that "cutting - cleaning - chamfering" are triggered sequentially within the same stroke;

[0039] The linear displacement of the slide plate is converted into the adaptive approach and departure stroke of the chamfering blade 32 through "limiting cylinder 25 - moving box 24 - first connecting column 26 - first spring 27 - first pulley 28 and slope block 14";

[0040] The chamfering cutter 32 continuously obtains stable torque when the moving box 24 moves by means of "third motor 39 - first pulley 38 - limit post 37 - spline shaft 36 - bevel gear - fixed shaft 31";

[0041] The second limiting plate 42, the second linkage column 44, the second spring 45, the second pulley 46 and the slope block 14 + linkage plate 47 are linked to the moving box 24 via the sliding groove 41 to ensure that the cleaning and chamfering phases are consistent, and the brush wheel 50 adaptively fits the large / small end and is driven synchronously with the belt on the side of the fixed shaft 31.

[0042] By incorporating a machining component, a chamfering component, and a cleaning component, the machining component provides stable and continuous dual-station compound cycle machining of bevel gears. The chamfering component automatically triggers the chamfering cutter 32 to chamfer the corresponding position of the bevel gear when it reaches its position. The cleaning component is positioned between cutting and chamfering, ensuring that the bevel gear is cleaned after both cutting and chamfering. All three components complete an integrated closed loop of "cutting-chamfering-cleaning" within the same clamping and stroke. This collaborative design reduces the number of clamping and handling operations, reduces the superposition of coaxiality and positioning errors, and significantly improves dimensional consistency and surface quality. At the same time, it reduces floor space and equipment investment, shortens the machining cycle, and increases production line throughput and automation level, making it suitable for high-efficiency machining of bevel gears.

[0043] like Figure 10 As shown, a first fixed seat 15 and a second fixed seat 16 are fixedly connected to both ends of one side of the track seat 1, and a second motor 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the first fixed seat 15 and the second fixed seat 16, respectively. The output end of the second motor 17 passes through the top of the first fixed seat 15 and is fixedly connected to one side of the cutting blade 18. An oil injection pipe 19 is installed on the top of the first fixed seat 15. The position of the output end of the oil injection pipe 19 corresponds to the position of the cutting blade 18. The tilting seat 9 is connected to the first slide plate 2 at an inclined angle.

[0044] The bevel gear is installed using the inclined seat 9 and the three-jaw chuck 10. The inner ring of the bevel gear is fitted onto the outside of the fixed post 11, and the bevel gear is then fixed to the outside of the fixed post 11 using bolts 12. The inclined seat 9 ensures that the installed bevel gear adapts to the cutting of the cutting tool 18 when it moves. At the same time, the oil injection pipe 19 supplies oil to the cutting tool 18, effectively reducing cutting heat and tool wear, improving surface quality and tool life. It should be noted that the oil injection pipe 19 at the cutting tool 18 is arranged according to the tool position.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a protective shell 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the track seat 1. A screw 5 is rotatably connected inside the protective shell 4. Two sliders 7 are threadedly connected to the outside of the screw 5. A connecting plate 8 is fixedly connected to one side of the slider 7. The tops of the two connecting plates 8 are fixedly connected to one side of the first slide plate 2 and the second slide plate 3, respectively. A first motor 6 is fixedly connected to one side of one end of the track seat 1. The output end of the first motor 6 is fixedly connected to one end of the screw 5. The first motor 6 and the single screw 5 constitute a synchronous drive mechanism for the first slide plate 2 and the second slide plate 3. The two sliders 7 are fed in the same direction along the same lead and drive the first slide plate 2 and the second slide plate 3 to reciprocate with a fixed phase relationship through the connecting plate 8, so that the cutting blades 18 located at both ends of one side of the track seat 1 and the chamfering blade 32 in the middle are aligned in the same stroke in spatial order.

[0046] Through the configured processing components, the two slide plates achieve fixed-phase reciprocating motion via a synchronous drive mechanism consisting of the same screw 5 and the first motor 6, ensuring that the cutting blades 18 at both ends and the chamfering blade 32 in the middle are aligned sequentially in spatial order within the same stroke. The cleaning component is arranged between the cutting station and the chamfering station, ensuring that either slide plate carrying a workpiece completes post-cutting or post-chamfering cleaning when passing through this area. This arrangement is inherent to the structure and requires no process control intervention. The beneficial effects of this working method are: the single screw 5 drives the two slide plates to form an inherent phase constraint, ensuring strict synchronization of the two stations in space and time, and reducing multi-axis follower errors. With the cycle time waiting; the relative positions of the cutting at both ends, the chamfering in the middle, and the clamping are naturally triggered within the same stroke, without the need for manual intervention to align, significantly shortening auxiliary time and increasing productivity; the protective shell 4 isolates the moving pair of the screw 5 and the slider 7, preventing the intrusion of chips and oil mist and improving safety and lifespan; the online cleaning inserted between cutting and chamfering can promptly remove tooth groove chips and edge micro-burrs, avoiding scratches during cutting or chamfering, improving surface quality and extending tool life; since the two slides are linked at the same speed under the same lead, the repeatability and phase consistency are good, reducing the superposition of clamping errors and contributing to batch stability. It should be noted that the brush wheel 50 Elastic abrasive brush bristles are recommended, such as abrasive nylon bristles with SiC or Al2O3 abrasive grains embedded in a PA66 nylon matrix. The grit size can be selected from approximately #240 to #800 depending on the material and surface roughness requirements, providing both flexibility and effective chip breaking and deburring. For applications more sensitive to surface scratches, finer diameter abrasive bristles or PBT / PEEK abrasive bristles can be used. For non-ferrous metals, brass wire or composite brushes can be configured as needed to reduce the risk of biting. It should also be noted that the first motor's speed (6 rpm), screw lead (5 rpm), and the process cycle of each station should be matched. Soft / hard limit switches and origin sensors should be installed to prevent the two slide plates from overstepping or interfering. It is recommended that slider 7 adopt a backlash-free structure or preload to reduce return backlash; at the same time, the stepper motor indexing angle and the tool position need to be interlocked to ensure that indexing only occurs after the tool is completely removed. Meanwhile, the whole machine works together through the protective shell 4, oil spraying and chip removal channel. The chip removal channel can be set at the bottom of the track seat 1 to prevent chips from entering the threaded drive pair. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cutting tool 18 is preferably a forming milling cutter, and the corresponding second motor 17 drives the cutting tool 18 to rotate; after the current tooth groove is processed and the workpiece leaves the tool working area, the stepper motor drives the three-jaw chuck 10 to index according to the preset tooth pitch angle so that the next tooth groove enters the cutting station and chamfering station in sequence.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 11As shown, a T-shaped plate 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the support base 20. The chamfering assembly includes a limiting cylinder 25 fixedly connected to one side of the top of the T-shaped plate 21. A movable box 24 is slidably engaged inside the bottom of the limiting cylinder 25. A chamfering blade 32 is installed on one side of the movable box 24. An alignment groove 40 is provided on one side of the limiting cylinder 25, and the position of the alignment groove 40 corresponds to the position of the chamfering blade 32. A first limiting plate 22 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the bottom of the T-shaped plate 21, and a first L-shaped plate 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first limiting plate 22. The first limiting plate 22 is slidably engaged with the first linkage column 26. The top end of the first linkage column 26 passes through the interior of the first limiting plate 22 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable box 24. The bottom end of the first linkage column 26 passes through the interior of the first L-shaped plate 23 and is equipped with the first pulley 28. The first linkage column 26 is sleeved with the first spring 27. The top of the first spring 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first limiting plate 22, and the bottom of the first spring 27 is fixedly connected to the outside of the first linkage column 26 located at the top of the first L-shaped plate 23.

[0048] By setting the chamfer component, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, when the bevel gear on the second slide plate 3 is fed to the chamfering station along with the whole machine, the bottom of the chamfering cutter 32 first contacts the edge of the large end of the gear to establish a chamfer. At this time, the slope block 14 on the corresponding alignment plate 13 on the slide plate side makes relative contact with the first pulley 28. As the slide plate continues to move forward, the first pulley 28 climbs along the inclined side of the slope block 14, pushing the first linkage column 26 to move upward or backward relative to the first limit plate 22 and compressing the first spring 27, so that the moving box 24 synchronously retracts within the limit cylinder 25. The chamfering cutter 32 "controllably retracts" according to the set trajectory to avoid overcutting or interference in the transition section from the large end to the small end. When the first pulley 28 transitions to the bottom of the slope 54, the first linkage column 26 is reset by the spring and drives the moving box 24 to move downward. The lower part of the chamfering cutter 32 is stably attached to the edge of the small end to continue chamfering. By converting the linear stroke of the slide plate into the adaptive advance and retraction of the chamfering cutter 32 against the bevel gear from the large end to the small end, it has the ability to complete the entire chamfering in a single pass. The contact force is buffered and damped by the spring, making the chamfering smoother. The alignment groove 40 ensures that the moving box 24 slides in a directional manner within the limiting cylinder 25, reducing torsion and jamming. The first limiting plate 22 and the first L-shaped plate 23 limit the maximum stroke, and the rolling contact of the first pulley 28 reduces friction and wear. The comprehensive benefits are reflected in: the chamfering amount automatically matches the diameter change, avoiding over- or under-chamfering, reducing manual adjustment and alignment time; the chamfering process is anti-interference, has low vibration, and high surface quality and consistency. It should be noted here that, Figure 11 As shown, the chamfering cutter 32 is shaped to fit the bevel gear groove, enabling the chamfering cutter 32 to completely chamfer the edge of the bevel gear groove. At the same time, the chamfering cutter 32 is a tool used for chamfering the tooth groove outlet and edge, and can be an angled forming cutter or a grinding wheel head.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a positioning plate 13 is fixedly connected to one side of the first sliding plate 2 and the second sliding plate 3 respectively. A slope block 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the positioning plate 13. A ramp 54 is provided at the top of one end of the ramp block 14. The position of the ramp block 14 corresponds to the position of the first pulley 28. The ramp block 14 has a hypotenuse and a ramp 54 at the top. When the first pulley 28 rolls along the hypotenuse, it pushes the first linkage column 26 to move axially relative to the first limiting plate 22 and compresses the first spring 27, causing the moving box 24 to retract relative to the limiting cylinder 25. When the first pulley 28 enters the release section of the ramp 54, the moving box 24 is reset and moved closer under the action of the first spring 27, so as to limit the approach and departure stroke of the chamfering tool 32 between the large diameter and small diameter positions of the workpiece.

[0050] As the first slide plate 2 moves back after the top bevel gear of the first slide plate 2 is chamfered, the first pulley 28 moves along the slope 54 of the slope block 14 on one side of the first slide plate 2 towards the top of the slope block 14, causing the first linkage column 26 to move upward with the moving box 24. At the same time, the chamfering cutter 32 moves upward. When the first pulley 28 reaches the bottom of the slope 54, since the small end of the top bevel gear of the first slide plate 2 has been chamfered, the chamfering cutter 32 will slide over the small end. If the chamfering is not complete, it can also... A second chamfer is performed to make the chamfer of the bevel gear more complete. When the first pulley 28 moves along the ramp 54 to the other end of the slope block 14, it will move down the ramp 54 at the other end of the slope block 14, causing the chamfering cutter 32 to slide over the large end face of the bevel gear. This makes it easier for the bevel gear at the top of the first slide plate 2 to be chamfered more completely when it moves back and forth, and also facilitates the cutting of the next tooth groove. It should be noted that the inclination angle of the slope block 14 is 5 degrees to 25 degrees, and the corresponding effective follow-up stroke of the moving box 24 is 3 to 12 mm.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a fixed shaft 31 is rotatably engaged inside the movable box 24. A first bevel gear 29 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed shaft 31. One end of the fixed shaft 31, which passes through the movable box 24, is fixedly connected to the shaft of the chamfering cutter 32. A second bevel gear 30 is meshed with one side of the first bevel gear 29. A connecting shaft 33 is fixedly connected to one side of the second bevel gear 30. A spline shaft 36 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable box 24 through the connecting shaft 33. A protective cylinder 53 is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting cylinder 25. A limiting post 37 is rotatably engaged inside the protective cylinder 53. A spline groove is opened inside the limiting post 37. The outside of the top of the spline shaft 36 is engaged with the spline groove inside the limiting post 37. A third motor 39 is installed on the top of one end of the protective cylinder 53. The output end of the third motor 39 is connected to the outside of the top of the limiting post 37 through a first pulley 38.

[0052] Through the spline shaft 36 and the limiting post 37, the third motor 39 drives the limiting post 37, which is rotatably engaged inside the protective cylinder 53, to rotate via the first pulley 38. The spline groove inside the limiting post 37 achieves axial sliding and torsional locking spline transmission with the spline shaft 36, allowing torque to be reliably transmitted to the spline shaft 36 while allowing axial relative movement. The lower end of the spline shaft 36 is connected to the connecting shaft 33 and drives the second bevel gear 30 to rotate. The second bevel gear 30 meshes with the first bevel gear 29 located inside the moving box 24, turning the torque toward the fixed shaft 31. The fixed shaft 31 passes through one end of the moving box 24 and is fixedly connected to the shaft of the chamfering cutter 32. This achieves a continuous power chain of "motor → belt → limit post 37 → spline shaft 36 → bevel gear pair → fixed shaft 31 → chamfering cutter 32". Due to the axial sliding characteristics of the spline, the rotation drive of the chamfering cutter 32 is uninterrupted when the moving box 24 moves forward and backward within the limit cylinder 25, ensuring that the cutter maintains a stable speed and chamfering force during the chamfering process from the large end to the small end or from the small end to the large end. This structure achieves continuous and stable rotation drive of the chamfering cutter 32 while maintaining the elastic follow-up of the moving box 24. It has the advantages of compact layout, high transmission efficiency, strong anti-interference, convenient maintenance and good consistency of chamfering quality.

[0053] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a limiting disk 35 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable box 24. The limiting disk 35 is sleeved on the outside of the connection between the spline shaft 36 and the connecting shaft 33. A U-shaped groove is opened inside the limiting disk 35. A fixed disk 34 is fixedly connected to the outside of the top of the connecting shaft 33. The outside of the fixed disk 34 is rotatably connected to the inside of the U-shaped groove.

[0054] With the fixed plate 34 and the limiting plate 35 configured, when the splined shaft 36 rotates with the connecting shaft 33, the fixed plate 34 will rotate inside the limiting plate 35. At the same time, when the moving box 24 rises or falls, the limiting plate 35 will synchronously rise or fall with the fixed plate 34. This enables the moving box 24 to rise or fall with the splined shaft 36, thus facilitating both the rotation of the splined shaft 36 and the rise or fall of the moving box 24 with the splined shaft 36, and making it easier to adjust the position of the chamfering tool 32.

[0055] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the cleaning assembly includes two second limiting plates 42 fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the T-shaped plate 21. The two second limiting plates 42 are located between the first fixed seat 15 and the support seat 20, and between the support seat 20 and the second fixed seat 16, respectively. A second linkage post 44 is slidably engaged inside the second limiting plate 42. A linkage plate 47 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the second linkage post 44. Slide grooves 41 are respectively opened on both sides of the limiting cylinder 25. The end of the linkage plate 47 away from the second linkage post 44 passes through the interior of the slide groove 41 and connects to the movable box 2. One side of the 4 is fixedly connected, and the other side of the second linkage column 44 is fixedly connected to the connecting column 48. The connecting column 48 is internally rotatably engaged with the shaft 49 at the end away from the second linkage column 44. The two shafts 49 are externally connected to the fixed shaft 31 through the external end of the movable box 24 via the second pulley 51 and the third pulley 52 respectively. The end of the shaft 49 away from the connecting column 48 is fixedly connected to the brush wheel 50. The two shafts 49 are externally mounted with protective covers 55, which cover the outside of the second pulley 51 and the third pulley 52.

[0056] The brush wheel 50 allows the bevel gear at the bottom of the brush wheel 50 to remove chips and burrs from the tooth groove edges, preventing tool damage or cutting errors caused by chips during chamfering or chamfering. Simultaneously, the connecting plate 47, connected to the second pulley 46, causes the second linkage column 44 to rise when the slope block 14 passes the second pulley 46. This, in turn, causes the moving box 24 to rise via the connecting plate 47. This ensures that the second linkage column 44 can move up and down while simultaneously ensuring that the rotation of the chamfering blade 32, via the pulley, drives the brush wheel 50 to rotate, thus avoiding motion interference.

[0057] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the bottom of the second limiting plate 42 is fixedly connected to the second L-shaped plate 43. The bottom end of the second linkage column 44 passes through the interior of the second L-shaped plate 43 and is equipped with a second pulley 46. The outside of the second linkage column 44 is fitted with a second spring 45. The top end of the second spring 45 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second limiting plate 42. The bottom end of the second spring 45 is fixedly connected to the outside of the second linkage column 44 located at the top of the second L-shaped plate 43. The position of the second pulley 46 corresponds to the position of the slope block 14. When the second pulley 46 contacts the slope block 14 and rolls along the inclined side, it compresses the second spring 45, causing the second linkage column 44 to move upward. Then, through the linkage plate 47, it drives the moving box 24 and the brush wheel 50 to move away from the workpiece. When the second pulley 46 enters the release section of the slope 54, the brush wheel 50 is reset and fits against the small diameter edge of the workpiece under the action of the second spring 45.

[0058] The cleaning components are designed with a set at each end of the bottom of the T-shaped plate 21. The cleaning and follow-up mechanism is supported by the second linkage column 44, which can slide up and down within the second limiting plate 42. The upper end of the linkage column 44 is rigidly connected to the moving box 24 via the sliding grooves 41 on both sides of the limiting cylinder 25 through the linkage plate 47, so that the cleaning components and the chamfering components keep the phase consistent within the same stroke. When the first sliding plate 2 and the second sliding plate 3 carrying the bevel gear pass through the cleaning station, the slope block 14 on the alignment plate 13 contacts the second pulley 46. As the sliding plate feeds, the second pulley 46 climbs along the inclined side of the slope block 14, which lifts the second linkage column 44. The second spring 45 is compressed upwards, causing the connecting column 48 and shaft 49 connected to it to move upwards as a whole. This causes the brush wheel 50 to gradually move away from the edge of the large end, and then be reset by the spring at the bottom of the slope 54, so that the brush wheel 50 is "close to the edge of the small end". This converts the linear displacement of the slide into an adaptive contact trajectory of the brush against the bevel gear from the large end to the small end and a constant, settable contact pressure. The shaft 49 is externally driven by the fixed shaft 31 extending from the side of the moving box 24 through the second pulley 51 and the third pulley 52, and synchronously obtains rotational drive. The speed of the brush wheel can be matched with the chamfering rhythm by the belt ratio. Each side has a cleaning unit arranged between the first fixed seat 15 and the support seat 20, and between the support seat 20 and the second fixed seat 16, respectively, ensuring online chip removal and deburring during the two-way stroke of "cutting → cleaning → chamfering / chamfering → cleaning → cutting". The protective cover 55 covers the pulley area to isolate chips and oil mist and improve safety. The comprehensive benefits of this structure are: achieving online cleaning that is strictly synchronized with the chamfering / cutting station; automatically adjusting the contact amount according to the change in the diameter of the large end to the small end of the bevel gear to avoid over-brushing or under-brushing; cleaning the residual chips on the edge of the tooth groove; inhibiting scratches during cutting or chamfering; and improving surface finish. To improve surface quality and extend tool life, in actual operation, the two cleaning units correspond to the two workpiece running paths respectively, each cleaning the bevel gear passing through its own side station, while the workpiece on the other side maintains a clearance distance from the corresponding brush wheel to avoid motion interference; at the same time, the cleaning contact pressure follows the principle of "light pressure, full width coverage" to avoid excessive brushing that could cause tooth surface heating and excessive rounding of the chamfer. In this embodiment, the stiffness of the first spring 27 is 5-30 N / mm, and the pre-compression is 1-3 mm; the stiffness of the second spring 45 is 3-20 N / mm, and the pre-compression is 1-3 mm.

[0059] This invention encompasses any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of this invention. To provide the public with a thorough understanding of this invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments; however, those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding of the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined machine for gear cutting of bevel gears, characterized in that The system includes a track base (1) and its machining components, chamfering components and cleaning components. The machining components include a first slide plate (2) and a second slide plate (3) slidably mounted on the top of the track base (1). A three-jaw chuck (10) is mounted on both the first slide plate (2) and the second slide plate (3). A screw (5) is mounted on one side of the track base (1). Two sliders (7) connected to the first slide plate (2) and the second slide plate (3) are threaded onto the external thread of the screw (5). Cutting blades (18) are mounted on both ends of one side of the track base (1). A chamfering assembly is provided in the middle of one side of the track seat (1). The chamfering assembly includes a T-shaped plate (21), a limiting cylinder (25), a moving box (24), and a follower mechanism for driving the moving box (24) to slide relative to the limiting cylinder (25). A chamfering blade (32) is installed on one side of the moving box (24). The follower mechanism includes a slope block (14) set on the first sliding plate (2) and the second sliding plate (3), and a first linkage column (26), a first spring (27), and a first pulley (28) set on the T-shaped plate (21). A cleaning assembly is provided on one side of the track seat (1) between the cutting station and the chamfering station. The cleaning assembly includes a brush wheel (50) that cleans the tooth groove outlet when the workpiece passes through. The first fixed seat (15) and the second fixed seat (16) are fixedly connected to the two ends of one side of the track seat (1), respectively. The top of the first fixed seat (15) and the second fixed seat (16) are fixedly connected to the second motor (17), respectively. The output ends of the two second motors (17) are respectively connected to the corresponding cutting blades (18). The top of the first fixed seat (15) is equipped with an oil injection pipe (19). The position of the output end of the oil injection pipe (19) corresponds to the position of the cutting blade (18). The top of the first slide plate (2) and the second slide plate (3) are both equipped with tilt seats (9). The tilt seats (9) are connected to the first slide plate (2) at an inclined angle. A support base (20) is provided in the middle of one side of the track base (1). A T-shaped plate (21) is fixedly connected to the top of the support base (20). The chamfering assembly includes a limiting cylinder (25) fixedly connected to one side of the top of the T-shaped plate (21). A movable box (24) is slidably engaged inside the bottom of the limiting cylinder (25). A chamfering knife (32) is installed on one side of the movable box (24). An alignment groove (40) is opened on one side of the limiting cylinder (25). The position of the alignment groove (40) corresponds to the position of the chamfering knife (32).

2. The composite lathe for machining bevel gear teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, A protective shell (4) is fixedly connected to one side of the track seat (1). The screw (5) is rotatably connected inside the protective shell (4). Two sliders (7) are threadedly connected to the outside of the screw (5). A connecting plate (8) is fixedly connected to one side of the slider (7). The tops of the two connecting plates (8) are fixedly connected to one side of the first slide plate (2) and the second slide plate (3), respectively. A first motor (6) is fixedly connected to one side of one end of the track seat (1). The output end of the first motor (6) is fixedly connected to one end of the screw (5). The first motor (6) and the single screw (5) constitute a synchronous drive mechanism for the first slide plate (2) and the second slide plate (3). The two sliders (7) feed in the same direction along the same lead and drive the first slide plate (2) and the second slide plate (3) to reciprocate with a fixed phase relationship through the connecting plate (8). This causes the cutting blades (18) located at both ends of one side of the track seat (1) and the chamfering blade (32) in the middle to be aligned in the same stroke in spatial order.

3. The composite lathe for machining bevel gear teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first limiting plate (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom middle position of the T-shaped plate (21). A first L-shaped plate (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first limiting plate (22). A first linkage column (26) is slidably engaged inside the first limiting plate (22). The top end of the first linkage column (26) passes through the inside of the first limiting plate (22) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable box (24). A first pulley (28) is installed through the inside of the first L-shaped plate (23). A first spring (27) is sleeved on the outside of the first linkage column (26). The top of the first spring (27) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first limiting plate (22). The bottom of the first spring (27) is fixedly connected to the outside of the first linkage column (26) at the top of the first L-shaped plate (23).

4. The composite lathe for machining bevel gear teeth according to claim 3, characterized in that, Alignment plates (13) are fixedly connected to one side of the first slide plate (2) and the second slide plate (3), respectively. A slope block (14) is fixedly connected to the top of the alignment plate (13). A ramp (54) is provided at the top of one end of the slope block (14). The position of the slope block (14) corresponds to the position of the first pulley (28). The slope block (14) has a hypotenuse and a ramp (54) at the top. When the first pulley (28) rolls along the hypotenuse, it pushes the first linkage column (26) to move axially relative to the first limiting plate (22) and compresses the first spring (27), causing the moving box (24) to retract relative to the limiting cylinder (25). When the first pulley (28) enters the release section of the ramp (54), the moving box (24) is reset and moved closer under the action of the first spring (27) to limit the chamfering cutter (32) between the large diameter and small diameter positions of the workpiece.

5. A composite lathe for machining bevel gear teeth according to claim 4, characterized in that, The movable box (24) is internally rotatably engaged with a fixed shaft (31). A first bevel gear (29) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed shaft (31). One end of the fixed shaft (31) passes through the movable box (24) and is fixedly connected to the shaft of the chamfering tool (32). A second bevel gear (30) is meshed with one side of the first bevel gear (29). A connecting shaft (33) is fixedly connected to one side of the second bevel gear (30). A spline shaft (33) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable box (24). 6) A protective cylinder (53) is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting cylinder (25). The protective cylinder (53) is rotatably engaged with a limiting post (37). A spline groove is provided inside the limiting post (37). The outside of the top of the spline shaft (36) is engaged with the spline groove inside the limiting post (37). A third motor (39) is installed on the top of one end of the protective cylinder (53). The output end of the third motor (39) is connected to the outside of the top of the limiting post (37) through a first pulley (38).

6. A composite lathe for machining bevel gear teeth according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the movable box (24) is fixedly connected to a limiting plate (35). The limiting plate (35) is sleeved on the outside of the connection between the spline shaft (36) and the connecting shaft (33). A U-shaped groove is opened inside the limiting plate (35). A fixed plate (34) is fixedly connected to the outside of the top of the connecting shaft (33). The outside of the fixed plate (34) is rotatably connected to the inside of the U-shaped groove.

7. A composite lathe for machining bevel gear teeth according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly includes two second limiting plates (42) fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the T-shaped plate (21). The two second limiting plates (42) are located between the first fixed seat (15) and the support seat (20) and between the support seat (20) and the second fixed seat (16), respectively. A second linkage column (44) is slidably engaged inside the second limiting plate (42). A linkage plate (47) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the second linkage column (44). Slide grooves (41) are respectively opened on both sides of the limiting cylinder (25). The end of the linkage plate (47) away from the second linkage column (44) passes through the interior of the slide groove (41) and connects to the movable box (24). The second linkage column (44) is fixedly connected to a connecting column (48) on one side. The connecting column (48) is rotatably engaged with a shaft (49) at the end away from the second linkage column (44). The two shafts (49) are respectively connected to the fixed shaft (31) through the external transmission of the movable box (24) via the second pulley (51) and the third pulley (52). The end of the shaft (49) away from the connecting column (48) is fixedly connected to a brush wheel (50). The two shafts (49) are fitted with protective covers (55) on the outside. The protective covers (55) cover the outside of the second pulley (51) and the third pulley (52).

8. A composite lathe for machining bevel gear teeth according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom of the second limiting plate (42) is fixedly connected to a second L-shaped plate (43). The bottom end of the second linkage column (44) passes through the interior of the second L-shaped plate (43) and is fitted with a second pulley (46). A second spring (45) is sleeved on the outside of the second linkage column (44). The top end of the second spring (45) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second limiting plate (42), and the bottom end of the second spring (45) is fixedly connected to the outside of the second linkage column (44) at the top of the second L-shaped plate (43). The position of the second pulley (46) corresponds to the position of the slope block (14). When the second pulley (46) contacts the slope block (14) and rolls along the inclined side, it compresses the second spring (45) to make the second linkage column (44) move upward, and then drives the moving box (24) and the brush wheel (50) to move away from the workpiece through the linkage plate (47). When the second pulley (46) enters the release section of the slope (54), the brush wheel (50) is reset and fits the small diameter edge of the workpiece under the action of the second spring (45).

Images