Rainwater regulation and storage type purification module

Abstract

The invention belongs to a sponge city rainwater collection and utilization system, and discloses a rainwater regulation and storage type purification module which comprises a shell, and the shell is sequentially provided with a water inlet, a filter layer, a regulation and storage water storage cavity and a water outlet from top to bottom; the filtering layer is composed of independent filtering units which are arranged in a layered mode in the vertical direction, at least the independent filtering unit located on the uppermost layer in the independent filtering units is a movable unit, the movable unit is rotationally installed in the shell through a horizontal rotating shaft, and the shell is provided with a dirt scraping opening in the side wall of the area where the movable unit is located. A scraping plate is fixedly arranged at the dirt scraping opening; in the operation process, the movable unit periodically rotates around the horizontal rotating shaft; the filter surface carrying silt and sundries enters the position of the dirt scraping opening along with rotation, the scraper strips attachments from the filter surface, and the attachments are subjected to centralized treatment through the dirt scraping opening; then, the filtering surface continues to rotate to the cleaning area, and switching of the working area and the filtering surface of the cleaning area is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to sponge city rainwater harvesting and utilization systems, specifically relating to a rainwater regulation and purification module. Background Technology

[0002] Rainwater storage and purification modules, due to their advantages of integrating storage, filtration, preliminary purification, and space efficiency, are widely used in municipal roads, squares, residential areas, parks, and green spaces, becoming an important technological carrier for controlling rainwater runoff at its source, reducing pollution load, and promoting resource utilization. These modules typically consist of a shell, inlet, filter layer (such as gravel, ceramsite, activated carbon, or porous media), storage chamber, and outlet / overflow structure. Some also integrate initial rainwater diversion, infiltration replenishment, or intelligent monitoring functions. Their working principle is as follows: During rainfall, surface runoff enters the module through the inlet. First, suspended solids, silt, oil, and some dissolved pollutants are removed through physical interception and media filtration. The clean rainwater is temporarily stored in the storage chamber and then slowly discharged into municipal pipe networks, natural water bodies, or reused, depending on the system design. However, in actual engineering applications and long-term operation, existing rainwater storage and purification modules have revealed several prominent technical bottlenecks: First, urban surfaces (especially construction areas, unpaved roads, or old neighborhoods) generate large amounts of high-concentration sediment under rainfall, which rapidly flows into the module with the runoff. Due to the sudden decrease in flow velocity, a large amount of sediment (especially silt and clay particles with a particle size of less than 0.1 mm) settles rapidly, accumulating below the inlet, behind the screen, and on the surface of the filter layer. Over time, these fine particles gradually harden and compact under the action of water evaporation or microorganisms, forming a dense mud shell. This not only severely hinders water flow but also clogs the pores of the filter media, significantly reducing the permeability coefficient and pollutant retention capacity. Once the filter layer is "mud-sealed," the entire module's regulation and purification functions will significantly degrade or even be completely lost, and conventional flushing is unlikely to restore its original performance.

[0003] Secondly, lightweight or fibrous waste generated in daily life, such as leaves, plastic bags, tissues, cigarette butts, food packaging, pet feces, and even small toys, can easily enter the modular water intake system under the influence of wind or rainwater runoff. Although most modules are equipped with fixed grilles (with apertures typically 10–30 mm) at the inlet, these grilles only provide initial interception and cannot prevent small debris from penetrating or attaching. More seriously, highly absorbent organic matter (such as paper scraps and fallen leaves) expands rapidly after becoming wet, tangling with plastic film, hair, etc., to form a dense, "filter cake"-like blockage layer that completely seals off the water intake channel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rainwater regulation and purification module to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is a rainwater regulation and purification module, including a housing. The housing is provided with an inlet, a filter layer, a water storage chamber, and an outlet, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The filter layer consists of independent filter units arranged in layers along a vertical direction. At least the uppermost independent filter unit is a movable unit, which is rotatably mounted inside the housing via a horizontal pivot. The housing has a scraping port on the side wall of the area where the movable unit is located, and a scraper is fixedly installed at the scraping port. The area where the unit is located is divided into an upper working area and a lower cleaning area. When the filter surface is in the working area, it performs the function of rainwater filtration. When the filter surface is in the cleaning area, the subsequent rainwater or water generated during the drainage of the storage chamber penetrates the filter layer from top to bottom, forming a flushing effect. During operation, the moving unit rotates periodically around a horizontal axis. The filter surface carrying mud and debris enters the scraper port position as it rotates. The scraper peels the attached material off the filter surface and collects it through the scraper port. Subsequently, the filter surface continues to rotate to the cleaning area, realizing the switching between the working area and the cleaning area filter surface.

[0006] Preferably, the active unit includes a filter cartridge, which is a hollow cylindrical structure with water-permeable holes on its wall; the filter cartridge is filled with a filter medium for trapping and adsorbing impurities in rainwater.

[0007] Furthermore, the rotating cross section of the filter cartridge is circular or Reuleaux triangle; when the rotating cross section is circular, the filter cartridge maintains a constant gap with the inner wall of the shell during rotation, and operates smoothly; when the rotating cross section is Reuleaux triangle, the filter cartridge always maintains contact with the inner wall of the shell during rotation, and the continuous changing contact pressure and shear force generated by the non-circular contour during rotation enhances the mechanical scraping effect on the pollutants attached to the filter surface.

[0008] Furthermore, the scraper port is connected to a central cavity or a drain pipe for discharging the mud, sand, and debris stripped by the scraper. The housing is provided with a first sealing door on the scraper port. The first sealing door is only opened when the moving unit performs a rotating cleaning action, so that the stripped material is discharged into the central cavity or drain pipe through the scraper port. At other times, the first sealing door remains closed.

[0009] Furthermore, the first sealing door is mounted on the housing in a lifting manner. A first spring is provided between the first sealing door and the housing. Under the elastic force of the first spring, the first sealing door is normally kept in a closed state. A vertical rack is fixedly connected to the outside of the first sealing door. The rack and the first sealing door form an integral lifting and sliding assembly. The lifting and sliding assembly slides along a vertical guide groove provided on the housing. A partial gear is coaxially fixed on the horizontal rotating shaft of the filter cartridge. The arc length of the tooth segment of the partial gear corresponds to the angle range required for the cleaning action, and the partial gear meshes with the rack. When the filter cartridge rotates around the horizontal rotating shaft to the cleaning position, the partial gear and the rack engage, driving the rack and the first sealing door to move against the elastic force of the first spring, thus opening the first sealing door. When the filter cartridge continues to rotate away from the cleaning position, the partial gear disengages from the rack, and the first sealing door automatically returns to the closed state under the action of the first spring.

[0010] Preferably, the housing is equipped with a first overflow pipe and a second overflow pipe; the inlet of the first overflow pipe is located above the uppermost independent filter unit, and is used to directly overflow and discharge unpurified rainwater when the intensity of the rainstorm exceeds the water treatment capacity, so as to avoid surface water accumulation; the inlet of the second overflow pipe is located at the top or high on the side wall of the regulating water storage chamber, and is used to overflow and discharge rainwater that has been purified by the filter layer when the regulating water storage chamber is full.

[0011] Furthermore, the first overflow pipe is connected to the municipal sewage network or the initial rainwater diversion system; the second overflow pipe is connected to the municipal rainwater network or a natural water body; the inlet of the first overflow pipe is equipped with a second sealing valve, and a second spring is installed between the second sealing valve and the shell. Under the elastic force of the second spring, the second sealing valve is normally kept closed; when the water level in the shell rises to the elevation of the inlet of the first overflow pipe, the second sealing valve opens, allowing excess rainwater to be discharged through the first overflow pipe; after the rain stops, the water level drops, and the second sealing valve automatically closes under its own weight or the reset action of the second spring, restoring the sealed state.

[0012] Furthermore, the active unit at least at the top of the active units is a control unit; the housing is provided with a vertical guide rail in the area where the control unit is located, and a slider is slidably fitted on the guide rail; the control unit is rotatably mounted on the slider via a horizontal pivot, so that the control unit can both rotate around the horizontal pivot and move up and down in the vertical direction along the guide rail; The slider is equipped with a support spring, which applies a vertically upward elastic preload to the slider. When the rainfall intensity increases and the water level inside the shell rises, the buoyancy or water pressure acting on the control unit increases accordingly, pushing the control unit and the slider to move downward or upward against the elastic force of the support spring, thereby dynamically adjusting the position of the control unit relative to the shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the control unit and the second sealing door are connected by a rope drive. One end of the rope is fixed to the slider or control unit, and the other end of the rope passes over the guide pulley and is connected to the opening and closing actuator of the second sealing door. When rainfall intensifies and the water level inside the housing rises, the control unit moves along the guide rail under the action of buoyancy or water pressure, pulling the second sealing door open by overcoming the spring force of the second spring or its own weight, thus opening the first overflow pipe. When the rain stops and the water level drops, the control unit resets under the action of the support spring, the rope loosens, and the second sealing door automatically closes under its own weight or the action of the second spring, restoring the sealed state.

[0014] The main technical effects of this invention are reflected in the following aspects: Traditional fixed filter layers, once covered with high concentrations of silt or fibrous waste, easily form a dense "filter cake" or hardened mud shell, making it difficult to restore permeability through conventional rinsing. This invention designs the uppermost filter unit as a hollow filter cylinder that can periodically rotate around a horizontal axis, with fixed scrapers positioned on its sidewalls. When the filter cylinder rotates to the cleaning position, silt, fallen leaves, plastic debris, and other contaminants adhering to the filter surface are forcibly peeled off by the scrapers, achieving physical removal. This mechanism does not rely on high-pressure water or external energy; it achieves efficient cleaning through low-speed rotation, significantly extending the maintenance-free period, making it particularly suitable for high-pollution areas such as construction zones and old urban areas.

[0015] Compared to traditional circular filter cartridges that maintain a constant gap with the inner wall of the shell and have uniform but weak scraping force, this invention can optionally use a Reuleaux triangular cross-section filter cartridge. During rotation, the outer contour of this non-circular, fixed-width curve always conforms to the inner wall of the square or rectangular shell, but the curvature at the contact point continuously changes. The convex corner generates instantaneous high pressure and strong shear force when passing the scraper, while the concave arc segment forms a brief release gap. This periodic "squeezing and loosening" effect effectively tears apart hardened mud shells or tangled organic debris, significantly outperforming uniform scraping and greatly improving self-cleaning ability, especially showing outstanding treatment effects on sticky silt and water-absorbing, swelling waste.

[0016] To prevent the high-concentration mud and water stripped during the cleaning process from contaminating the purified regulating water, this invention incorporates a mechanically linked sealing door at the scraper inlet, consisting of a gear-rack-spring combination. Only when the filter cartridge rotates to the cleaning position does a portion of the gears on the rotating shaft engage the rack, driving the sealing door to open momentarily, allowing debris to be discharged into a separate drain pipe; at other times, the sealing door remains normally closed.

[0017] To address the issue of system overload during heavy rain, this invention employs two independent overflow paths: a first overflow pipe located above the filter layer for direct discharge of untreated excess raw water into the sewage system; and a second overflow pipe located at the top of the storage chamber for overflowing purified rainwater into the stormwater network. These two overflow paths are strictly separated in terms of water quality, function, and discharge destination, ensuring that initially highly polluted rainwater does not enter natural water bodies, while clean rainwater can be utilized as a resource. This tiered strategy effectively balances the conflict between "flood prevention" and "pollution control," significantly improving the facility's environmental benefits and system resilience. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The structure of this invention is shown in the schematic diagram; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of the middle shell; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the drive structure of the first closed door in the middle; In the diagram: 1. Shell; 11. First sealing door; 12. Second sealing door; 13. Scraper opening; 2. Filter layer; 3. Regulating water storage chamber; 4. Filter cartridge; 51. Partial gear; 52. Rack. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to make the technical solution of the present invention easier to understand and master. In the embodiments, it should be understood that the terms "middle," "upper," "lower," "top," "right side," "left end," "above," "back," "center," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, unless otherwise specified in this specific embodiment, the connection or fixing method between components can be achieved by bolt fixing, pin fixing, or pin connection commonly used in the prior art, etc., and therefore will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0020] The rainwater storage and purification module provided by this invention is mainly used in source rainwater control and non-point source pollution reduction projects in urban built-up areas such as municipal roads, squares, residential areas, and parks and green spaces. However, it is not limited to this and can also be used in other similar or identical rainwater management scenarios, such as initial rainwater collection and treatment systems in industrial parks, runoff purification facilities in highway service areas, pretreatment units of riverside storage wetlands, and front-end purification devices for building roof rainwater reuse systems.

[0021] Furthermore, as is common knowledge in this industry, the shell 1 mentioned above is typically made of corrosion-resistant and pressure-resistant materials such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), fiberglass (FRP), or precast concrete; porous materials such as gravel, ceramsite, activated carbon, and zeolite are widely used in rainwater purification for physical interception, adsorption, and bio-attachment; the design of the overflow structure must comply with relevant standards such as the "Technical Specification for Rainwater Control and Utilization Engineering in Buildings and Communities" (GB 50400); and mechanical linkage methods such as spring reset, gear and rack transmission, and rope pulley mechanisms are conventional technical means in non-electric automatic control devices. These are common knowledge; therefore, their principles and structures will not be elaborated upon further.

[0022] Example 1 A rainwater storage and purification module is disclosed. The module has an overall vertical cylindrical or rectangular shell structure 1, and is buried under the sidewalk of municipal roads or within green belts. The top is flush with the ground and includes an inlet grille. (See also...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 The system includes a housing 1, which, from top to bottom, comprises a water inlet, a filter layer 2, a water storage chamber 3, and a water outlet. The filter layer 2 consists of independent filter units arranged vertically in layers. Specifically, the filter layer 2 is composed of three layers of independently stacked filter units: the top layer is a movable cleaning unit (i.e., a control unit), the middle layer is a fixed main filter layer (filled with ceramic particles and modified zeolite), and the bottom layer is a fine filtration adsorption layer (activated carbon). This layered design ensures that pollutants of different particle sizes are intercepted step by step, while giving the most easily clogged surface layer a "movable" property, fundamentally overcoming the limitation of traditional fixed filter layers that cannot be self-maintained. The independent filter unit, at least the uppermost one, is a movable unit. This movable unit is rotatably mounted within the housing 1 via a horizontal rotating shaft. The housing 1 has a scraper opening 13 on the side wall of the area where the movable unit is located, and a scraper is fixed at each scraper opening 13. The scraper opening 13 is connected to a central chamber or drain pipe to discharge the silt and debris removed by the scraper. The area where the movable unit is located is divided into an upper working area and a lower cleaning area. When the filter surface is in the working area, it performs rainwater filtration. When the filter surface is in the cleaning area, subsequent rainwater or water generated during the drainage of the storage chamber penetrates the filter layer from top to bottom, creating a flushing effect. During operation, the movable unit periodically rotates around the horizontal rotating shaft. The filter surface carrying silt and debris rotates and enters the scraper opening 13, where the scraper removes the deposits and collects them. Subsequently, the filter surface continues to rotate to the cleaning area, switching between the working and cleaning areas.

[0023] Preferably, the movable unit includes a filter cartridge 4, which is a hollow cylindrical structure. The filter cartridge 4 has evenly spaced permeable holes in its wall and is filled with lightweight ceramic particles as the primary filtration medium. The particle size of the lightweight ceramic particles is larger than the diameter of the permeable holes. The filter cartridge 4 is rotatably mounted inside the housing 1 via a horizontal rotating shaft that passes through both sides of the housing 1. The rotating shaft is made of high-strength stainless steel and is sealed and supported at both ends by waterproof bearings.

[0024] It is worth noting that the rotating cross section of the filter cartridge 4 is circular or Reuleaux triangle (for information on the rotational operation of the Reuleaux triangle, please refer to a rotary engine). When the rotating cross section is circular, the filter cartridge 4 maintains a constant gap with the inner wall of the housing 1 during rotation, resulting in smooth operation. When the Reuleaux triangle cross section is used (a constant-width curve composed of three 60° circular arcs), its outer contour remains in contact with the inner wall of the square housing 1 during 360° rotation, but the contact point changes periodically. Whenever a "convex corner" of the filter cartridge 4 passes the fixed scraper at the scraping port 13 on the side wall, a sudden change in curvature generates instantaneous high pressure and strong shear force between the surface of the filter cartridge 4 and the scraper. When a "concave arc" passes, the gap increases slightly, facilitating water flow scouring. This non-uniform contact effect is significantly better than the constant-gap scraping of the traditional cylindrical filter cartridge 4, especially for hardened mud or entangled fibrous waste, effectively solving the problems of "mud and sand hardening" and "filter cake clogging" mentioned in the background technology.

[0025] The specific operation process of the rainwater regulation and purification module is as follows: During normal rainfall, surface runoff carrying sediment, leaves, plastic debris, etc., enters the upper part of the casing 1 through the inlet. At this time, the filter cartridge 4 is in the working area (i.e., directly below the inlet). Rainwater penetrates the holes in the filter cartridge 4 and enters the interior. After initial filtration by the ceramic granule layer, it flows downwards into the middle fixed filter layer for further purification. Finally, the clean water flows into the lower regulating and storage chamber 3 for temporary storage. As rainfall continues, pollutants gradually accumulate on the outer surface of the filter cartridge 4. When the rainfall ends or the preset cleaning cycle is reached (e.g., after each rain), the filter cartridge 4 begins to slowly rotate around the horizontal axis (which can be passively driven by a motor, a micro water turbine, or initiated by a buoyancy trigger mechanism). It should be noted that the horizontal rotation of the moving unit can be achieved by various driving methods, including but not limited to: active driving by a low-power micro motor, passive driving by a micro water turbine set in the water flow path (self-starting using rainwater kinetic energy), or intermittent starting by a buoyancy trigger mechanism composed of a float and a counterweight. All of the above driving methods can be flexibly selected according to actual working conditions and maintenance needs, ensuring both cleaning effect and energy efficiency and reliability.

[0026] During the cleaning phase, when the filter cartridge 4 rotates to a specific angle (e.g., 90°), the most heavily contaminated filter surface aligns precisely with the scraper opening 13 on the side wall of the housing 1. This scraper opening 13 contains a fixed scraper made of rigid polyurethane or stainless steel, with its blade pressed tightly against the outer surface of the filter cartridge 4. As the filter cartridge 4 continues to rotate, the contaminated material is forcibly peeled off by the scraper and falls into the centralized drainage chamber below the scraper opening 13. To prevent leakage of clean water from the storage chamber or backflow of external debris, a first sealing door 11 is provided at the outlet of the scraper opening 13. See also... Figure 3 A vertical rack 52 is fixed to the outside of the first closed door 11. The rack 52 and the closed door form an integral sliding assembly, moving up and down along the vertical guide groove on the inner wall of the housing 1. A first spring is connected to the bottom of the closed door, which presses it shut and seals it under normal conditions. At the same time, a partial gear 51 (covering only the 90° to 120° arc segment) is coaxially fixed to the horizontal rotating shaft of the filter cartridge 4. When the filter cartridge 4 rotates to the cleaning position, the partial gear 51 meshes with the rack 52. The rotational power of the filter cartridge 4 drives the rack 52 to lift upward, thereby opening the first closed door 11. The sludge and debris then fall into the external sewage pipe (connected to the municipal sewage system). When the filter cartridge 4 continues to rotate and leaves the cleaning area, the partial gear 51 disengages from the rack 52, and the first closed door 11 automatically resets and closes under the action of the first spring. The entire process requires no external energy, realizing intelligent linkage of "discharging sewage when rotating and sealing when stopping".

[0027] Subsequently, the filter surface on filter cartridge 4, after being scraped, enters the cleaning area. At this time, if the regulating water storage chamber 3 has not yet been emptied, the bottom drain valve can be opened to allow the stored water to backwash the filter cartridge 4 from top to bottom; more commonly, rainwater from the initial stage of the next rainfall is used to penetrate the filter layer from top to bottom, hydraulically rinsing the filter surface from which large debris has just been scraped off. To prevent the rinsing wastewater from mixing into the regulating chamber, the rinsing wastewater can be directly discharged into the sewage pipe via a bypass (achieved by setting up movable baffles and guide plates), completely avoiding the risk of secondary water pollution caused by traditional backwashing. In addition, this sewage pipe is connected to the municipal sewage system and is physically isolated from the regulating water storage chamber 3 throughout its entire operation.

[0028] For heavy rain scenarios, this embodiment introduces a dual overflow graded discharge system to address the pain points of "system overload and surface water accumulation during heavy rain" in the background technology. The housing 1 is equipped with a first overflow pipe and a second overflow pipe; the inlet of the first overflow pipe is located above the uppermost filter cartridge 4, specifically for direct discharge of excess raw water; the inlet of the second overflow pipe is located at the top of the regulating storage chamber 3, for overflow of purified rainwater. The two are strictly separated in terms of water quality and discharge path: the first overflow pipe connects to the sewage network or the initial diversion system, and the second overflow pipe connects to the rainwater network or a natural water body. To achieve intelligent diversion, the first overflow outlet is equipped with a second sealing door 12, which is normally sealed by a second spring. When heavy rain causes the water level inside the casing 1 to rise rapidly to the elevation of the first overflow port, the water pressure pushes open the second sealing door 12, and the excess untreated rainwater is discharged directly to the outside, avoiding surface water accumulation caused by the clogging of the filter layer 2; after the rain stops, the water level drops, the second sealing door 12 closes automatically, and the full flow filtration mode is restored.

[0029] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the uppermost active unit is cleverly integrated into a hydraulic sensing control unit to achieve passive, adaptive opening and closing control of the second closed door 12, thereby achieving precise response to the overflow function. Specifically, at least the uppermost active unit is a control unit; the filter cartridge 4 used in the control unit is not rigidly fixed inside the housing 1, but is rotatably mounted on a slider that can slide freely on a vertical guide rail via its horizontal pivot, so that the entire filter cartridge 4 has both the ability to clean by rotating around the axis and the sensing function to move up and down with changes in water level.

[0030] When the uppermost active unit is designed as a buoyancy-driven hydraulic sensing control unit, the overall density of the control unit is less than that of water, ensuring significant buoyancy when the water level rises inside the housing 1. The filter cartridge 4 is rotatably mounted on a slider that can slide freely on a vertical guide rail via a horizontal pivot. A support spring is provided at the bottom of the slider, providing an upward elastic preload under normal conditions, allowing the control unit to be stably maintained at a high position in no rain or light rain conditions. At this time, the flexible rope connecting the slider and the second sealing door 12 is in a slack state, and the second sealing door 12 remains tightly closed under the action of the second spring and its own weight, allowing all incoming water to enter the filtration system for purification.

[0031] When a heavy rain occurs and the water level inside the casing 1 rises rapidly, submerging the control unit, the buoyancy of the hollow filter cartridge 4 increases accordingly. When the buoyancy exceeds the sum of the spring force of the support spring and the system frictional resistance, the entire slider assembly is pushed upward along the guide rail. This upward movement transmits tension to the opening and closing end of the second sealing door 12 through a rope that passes over the guide pulley, causing it to overcome the closing force and open automatically, thereby opening the first overflow pipe and directly discharging excess highly polluted rainwater into the sewage system, preventing surface water accumulation. After the rain stops, the water level drops, the buoyancy decreases, the support spring pushes the slider back to its original position, the rope loosens, and the second sealing door 12 automatically resets and seals under the action of the second spring. This mechanism relies entirely on the physical link of buoyancy-displacement-transmission, requires no external energy, is highly responsive and reliable in operation, and is particularly suitable for areas with low groundwater levels and stable buoyancy effects.

[0032] To adapt to different hydrological conditions and structural layouts, this invention also provides a water pressure-driven hydraulic sensing control unit. In this design, although the uppermost active unit is still a filter cartridge 4 structure, its overall density is greater than that of water, or it is locally counterweighted to make it neutral to slightly sinking in still water; more importantly, its installation position is located directly below the inlet, directly bearing the hydrostatic pressure and impact dynamic pressure from the rainwater above. The filter cartridge 4 is mounted on a slider that can slide along a vertical guide rail via a horizontal rotating shaft. A support spring is provided at the bottom of the slider to provide an upward preload, keeping the control unit in a high position when the water level is low. At this time, the rope connected to the second sealing door 12 is slack, and the second sealing door 12 is in a normally closed state, ensuring full filtration of rainwater.

[0033] When heavy rain causes a large amount of rainwater to rush into the top area of ​​housing 1, the water level rises sharply, creating a high water column pressure at the top of the control unit. This downward water pressure continues to accumulate with the intensity of rainfall. When the combined force exceeds the upward elastic force of the support spring, the slider is pushed downward along the guide rail. This downward movement pulls the second sealing door 12 open via a rope that passes around the guide pulley, preemptively opening the first overflow channel to discharge untreated excess rainwater into the sewage network, effectively preventing system overload. After the rain stops, the water level drops, the water pressure decreases, the support spring pushes the slider back to its initial position, the rope slackens, the second sealing door 12 closes automatically, and the full filtration operation mode is restored.

[0034] Of course, the above are just typical examples of the present invention. In addition, the present invention may have many other specific embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A rainwater regulation and purification module, characterized in that, The system includes a housing, which, from top to bottom, is provided with a water inlet, a filter layer, a water storage chamber, and a water outlet. The filter layer is composed of independent filter units arranged in layers along the vertical direction. At least the uppermost independent filter unit is a movable unit. The movable unit is rotatably installed in the housing via a horizontal pivot. The housing has a scraping port on the side wall of the area where the movable unit is located, and a scraper is fixedly installed at the scraping port. The area where the active unit is located is divided into an upper working area and a lower cleaning area. When the filter surface is in the working area, it undertakes the function of rainwater filtration. When the filter surface is in the cleaning area, the subsequent rainwater or water generated during the drainage of the storage chamber penetrates the filter layer from top to bottom, forming a flushing effect. During operation, the active unit rotates periodically around a horizontal axis; the filter surface carrying mud and debris enters the scraper port position as it rotates, and the scraper peels the attached material off the filter surface and collects it through the scraper port for centralized treatment. Subsequently, the filter surface continues to rotate to the cleaning zone, realizing the switching between the working zone and the cleaning zone filter surface.

2. The rainwater regulation and purification module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The active unit includes a filter cartridge, which is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the filter cartridge has water-permeable holes on its cylindrical wall. The filter cartridge is filled with a filter medium for trapping and adsorbing impurities in rainwater.

3. The rainwater regulation and purification module as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating cross section of the filter cartridge is circular or Reuleaux triangle; When the rotating cross section is circular, the filter cartridge maintains a constant gap with the inner wall of the shell during rotation, resulting in smooth operation. When the rotating cross section adopts a Reuleaux triangle, the filter cartridge always remains in contact with the inner wall of the shell during rotation. By utilizing the continuously changing contact pressure and shear force generated by the non-circular contour during rotation, the mechanical scraping effect on the pollutants attached to the filter surface is enhanced.

4. The rainwater regulation and purification module as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The external connection of the scraper port to the central chamber or drain pipe is used to discharge the mud, sand and debris stripped off by the scraper. The housing is provided with a first sealing door on the scraping port. The first sealing door is only opened when the moving unit performs a rotating cleaning action, so that the stripped material is discharged into the collection chamber or drain pipe through the scraping port; at other times, the first sealing door remains in a normally closed state.

5. The rainwater regulation and purification module as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first closed door is installed on the housing in a lifting manner. A first spring is provided between the first closed door and the housing. Under the elastic force of the first spring, the first closed door is normally kept in a closed state. A vertical rack is fixedly connected to the outside of the first closed door. The rack and the first closed door form an integral lifting and sliding assembly. The lifting and sliding assembly slides along a vertical guide groove provided on the housing. The horizontal rotating shaft of the filter cartridge is coaxially fixed with a portion of gears. The arc length of the tooth segment of the portion of gears corresponds to the angle range required for the cleaning action, and the portion of gears meshes with the rack. When the filter cartridge rotates around the horizontal rotating shaft to the cleaning position, some of the gears and the rack engage, driving the rack and the first sealing door to move against the elastic force of the first spring, thereby opening the first sealing door; As the filter cartridge continues to rotate away from the cleaning station, the gear disengages from the rack, and the first sealing door automatically returns to the closed state under the action of the first spring.

6. The rainwater regulation and purification module as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The housing is equipped with a first overflow pipe and a second overflow pipe; The inlet of the first overflow pipe is located above the uppermost independent filter unit, and is used to directly overflow and discharge unpurified rainwater when the intensity of the rainstorm exceeds the water treatment capacity, so as to avoid surface water accumulation. The inlet of the second overflow pipe is located at the top or high on the side wall of the water storage chamber, and is used to overflow and discharge the rainwater that has been purified by the filter layer when the water storage chamber is full.

7. The rainwater storage and purification module as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first overflow pipe is connected to the municipal sewage network or the initial rainwater diversion system; the second overflow pipe is connected to the municipal rainwater network or a natural water body. The inlet of the first overflow pipe is equipped with a second sealing door. A second spring is installed between the second sealing door and the housing. Under the elastic force of the second spring, the second sealing door is normally kept closed. When the water level in the housing rises to the elevation of the inlet of the first overflow pipe, the second sealing door opens, allowing excess rainwater to be discharged through the first overflow pipe. After the rain stops, the water level drops, and the second sealing door automatically closes under its own weight or the reset action of the second spring, restoring the sealed state.

8. The rainwater regulation and purification module as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The active unit at least at the top level is a control unit; The housing has a vertical guide rail in the area where the control unit is located, and a slider is slidably fitted on the guide rail; the control unit is rotatably mounted on the slider via a horizontal pivot, so that the control unit can rotate around the horizontal pivot and move up and down in the vertical direction along the guide rail; The slider is equipped with a support spring, which applies a vertically upward elastic preload to the slider. When the rainfall intensity increases and the water level inside the shell rises, the buoyancy or water pressure acting on the control unit increases accordingly, pushing the control unit and the slider to move downward or upward against the elastic force of the support spring, thereby dynamically adjusting the position of the control unit relative to the shell.

9. The rainwater regulation and purification module as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The control unit and the second closed door are connected by a rope drive. One end of the rope is fixed to the slider or control unit, and the other end of the rope passes over the guide pulley and is connected to the opening and closing execution end of the second closed door. When rainfall intensifies and causes the water level inside the shell to rise, the control unit moves along the guide rail under the action of buoyancy or water pressure, and opens the second closed door by pulling the rope to overcome the second spring force or its own weight, so that the first overflow pipe is open. When the rain stops and the water level drops, the control unit resets under the action of the support spring, the rope loosens, and the second sealing door automatically closes under its own weight or the action of the second spring, restoring the sealing state.

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