Weather-resistant anti-crack waterproof building coating as well as preparation method and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a weather-resistant anti-crack waterproof building coating as well as a preparation method and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of building protection materials. The weather-resistant, crack-resistant and waterproof building coating disclosed by the invention is prepared from a water-based fluorocarbon emulsion, an acrylate copolymer, epoxy resin, composite modified nano titanium dioxide, maleic anhydride grafted sepiolite, chopped basalt fibers, an ettringite generating agent, an ultraviolet light absorber, an antioxidant, a polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent, a defoaming agent, a coalescing agent and deionized water. The weather-resistant anti-crack waterproof building coating can meet the protection requirement of a building outer wall under the outdoor complex working condition, the synergistic performance of weather resistance, durability, crack resistance, seepage prevention and high adhesion is achieved, the prepared protective coating is good in stability and long in service life, external erosion such as ultraviolet rays, rainwater and temperature changes can be effectively resisted, the problems of cracking, falling off, aging and the like of the coating are solved, and the weather-resistant anti-crack waterproof building coating is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. The protection period of the building exterior wall is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of architectural coatings technology, and in particular to a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof architectural coating, its preparation method, and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Building exterior wall protection is a core component in ensuring the structural safety and aesthetic durability of buildings. With rapid urbanization and frequent extreme weather events, building exterior walls face multiple complex conditions, including UV exposure, high and low temperature cycles, rain erosion, and wind and sand abrasion. This necessitates continuously increasing demands on the comprehensive performance of coatings in terms of weather resistance, crack resistance, and waterproofing. According to construction industry statistics, in high-end building projects, the application rate of long-lasting weather-resistant, crack-resistant, waterproof, and environmentally friendly low-VOC coatings has exceeded 65%. In harsh environments such as coastal areas and high-altitude regions, the comprehensive performance requirements for coatings reach over 80%. These coatings must simultaneously meet multiple stringent indicators, including resistance to UV aging, resistance to temperature-induced cracking, waterproofing, strong adhesion, and environmental compliance. However, existing building exterior wall coatings are limited by material systems and formulation design, making it difficult to achieve a synergistic match of multiple performance characteristics. This leads to problems such as coating aging and peeling, cracking, and water seepage on building exterior walls, seriously affecting the service life of buildings and the safety of residents, and hindering the upgrading and application of building protection technologies in complex environments.

[0003] To address the challenge of achieving balanced performance in building exterior wall coatings, the industry has successively developed technologies such as acrylic coatings, epoxy resin coatings, and fluorocarbon coatings. Among them, acrylic coatings are widely used due to their convenient application and moderate cost. However, this technology suffers from insufficient weather resistance, easily fading and chalking after long-term outdoor exposure, with a color difference exceeding 8 after 1000 hours of artificial aging. Furthermore, its crack resistance is weak, easily developing microcracks under temperature variations of ±30℃. Epoxy resin coatings form a dense film through cross-linking and curing, exhibiting strong waterproofing and adhesion. However, this technology has extremely poor UV aging resistance, showing yellowing and embrittlement after 1-2 years of outdoor use. It also has a high curing shrinkage rate, making the coating prone to cracking due to substrate deformation. Fluorocarbon coatings achieve excellent weather resistance thanks to the strong stability of fluorine atoms, with UV aging resistance exceeding 3000 hours. However, this technology lacks crack resistance and toughness, requires extremely high substrate flatness, and has weak compatibility with inorganic substrates. Under long-term wet-dry cycle conditions, it is prone to peeling and detachment, failing to meet the long-term use requirements of complex substrates and harsh environments.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, there is an urgent need to improve existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating and its preparation and construction methods. This coating achieves a balanced improvement in multiple properties such as weather resistance, deformation crack resistance, and waterproofing and seepage prevention. It effectively solves the problems of traditional building exterior wall coatings, such as single performance, easy aging and cracking, and insufficient adhesion. It has outstanding comprehensive protective effect, simple preparation process, and mild and controllable construction conditions. It can meet the long-term protection needs of building exterior walls under normal environment and complex working conditions such as high temperature, high humidity, and strong sunlight.

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0007] A weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating, comprising the following components by weight:

[0008] The composition includes 35-45 parts of waterborne fluorocarbon emulsion, 20-25 parts of acrylate copolymer, 10-15 parts of epoxy resin, 5-8 parts of composite modified nano-titanium dioxide, 3-5 parts of maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite, 2-3 parts of short-cut basalt fiber, 3-5 parts of ettringite generating agent, 1-2 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 0.5-1 part of antioxidant, 0.8-1.2 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 0.3-0.5 parts of defoamer, 2-3 parts of film-forming aid, and 8-12 parts of deionized water.

[0009] Optionally, the preparation method of the composite modified nano-titanium dioxide includes the following steps:

[0010] Hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane resin, toluene, and nano-silica were mixed and then subjected to inorganic modification to obtain an amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate.

[0011] The amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate, the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polymer, and p-toluenesulfonic acid were mixed and then subjected to an amidation reaction to obtain the composite modified nano-titanium dioxide.

[0012] Optionally, the mass-to-volume ratio of the hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane resin, toluene, and nano-silica is 1g:(1~2)mL:(0.1~0.3)g.

[0013] Optionally, the particle size of the nano-silica is 20~50nm.

[0014] Optionally, the mass ratio of the amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate, adipic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid is 1:0.2~0.5:0.01~0.03.

[0015] Optionally, the inorganic modification treatment is carried out under stirring conditions, wherein the stirring speed is 800~1200 r / min, the temperature is 60~80℃, and the time is 2~5 h.

[0016] Optionally, the amidation reaction is carried out under nitrogen protection at a temperature of 110-120°C for 6-8 hours.

[0017] Optionally, the preparation method of the maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite includes the following steps:

[0018] Sepiolite, maleic anhydride monomer, azobisisobutyronitrile, and toluene were mixed and subjected to a polymerization reaction to obtain the maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite.

[0019] Optionally, the mass-to-volume ratio of sepiolite, maleic anhydride monomer, azobisisobutyronitrile and toluene is 1 g : (0.02~0.05) g : (0.001~0.003) g : (1~2) mL.

[0020] Optionally, the polymerization reaction temperature is 120~135℃ and the time is 3~5h.

[0021] Optionally, the chopped basalt fibers have a length of 4-6 mm and a diameter of 8-10 μm.

[0022] Optionally, the ettringite generating agent is one or more of calcium sulfoaluminate, barium sulfoaluminate, or anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate.

[0023] Optionally, the solid content of the aqueous fluorocarbon emulsion is 35% to 45%.

[0024] Optionally, the acrylate copolymer is one or more of methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer, ethyl acrylate-isooctyl acrylate copolymer, or ethyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer.

[0025] Optionally, the ultraviolet absorber is one or more of benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers, triazine ultraviolet absorbers, or salicylate ultraviolet absorbers.

[0026] Optionally, the antioxidant is one or more of hindered phenolic antioxidants, phosphite antioxidants, or thioester antioxidants.

[0027] Optionally, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is one or more of polyether-type superplasticizers, polyester-type superplasticizers, or modified polycarboxylate superplasticizers.

[0028] Optionally, the defoamer is one or more of the following: silicone defoamer, polyether defoamer, or polyether-modified silicone defoamer.

[0029] Optionally, the film-forming aid is one or more of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, or dodecyl alcohol ester.

[0030] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing the weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating described in the aforementioned scheme, comprising the following steps:

[0031] A water-based fluorocarbon emulsion, an acrylate copolymer, and an epoxy resin are mixed evenly to obtain a base material system.

[0032] Composite modified nano-titanium dioxide, maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite, and short-cut basalt fibers were added to the base material system and dispersed at high speed to obtain a mixed slurry.

[0033] After adding ultraviolet absorber, antioxidant, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, defoamer, film-forming aid, deionized water and ettringite generating agent to the mixed slurry, the mixture is stirred and mixed to obtain a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating.

[0034] Optionally, the high-speed dispersion is achieved by grinding with a sand mill at a speed of 1000~1500 r / min for a time of 30~60 min.

[0035] Optionally, the stirring speed is 500~1000 r / min, and the stirring time is 15~30 min.

[0036] Thirdly, this application provides a method for applying the aforementioned weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating to the exterior walls of buildings, comprising the following steps:

[0037] The coating is applied to the surface of the building's exterior wall substrate and cured to form a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof protective coating.

[0038] Optionally, the coating is applied by spraying or roller coating, with a coating amount of 0.3~0.5 kg / m³. 2 The curing temperature is 15~35℃ and the curing time is 24~48h.

[0039] The weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating provided in this application achieves deep adaptation of core properties such as weather resistance, crack resistance, anti-peeling, and waterproofing through scientific system design and performance synergy optimization. It effectively addresses the complex outdoor conditions faced by building exterior walls, including extreme temperature changes, UV exposure, and rain erosion, while simultaneously solving the technical pain points of traditional coatings such as performance imbalances, insufficient long-term protection, and poor environmental adaptability. Compared to existing technologies, this coating has significant advantages in terms of balanced and stable comprehensive performance, long protection period, and wide environmental adaptability. Furthermore, its preparation process is simple and controllable, and its construction is flexible, meeting the long-term protection needs of building exterior walls in various scenarios and possessing outstanding practicality and industrial application potential. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0041] In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in its actual use or operating state; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device. Furthermore, in the description of this application, the term "comprising" means "including but not limited to". The terms first, second, third, etc., are used merely as illustrative purposes and do not impose numerical requirements or establish an order.

[0042] In this application, "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0043] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "One or more", "at least one of the following", or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c" can both mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0044] Various embodiments of this application may exist in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as a rigid limitation on the scope of this application; therefore, it should be considered that the range description has specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within that range. For example, it should be considered that the range description from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., and single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, regardless of the range. Furthermore, whenever a numerical range is referred to herein, it means including any referenced number (fraction or integer) within the referred range.

[0045] The present application will be specifically described below through specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0046] In a first aspect, this application discloses a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating, which, by weight, comprises the following components:

[0047] The composition includes 35-45 parts of waterborne fluorocarbon emulsion, 20-25 parts of acrylate copolymer, 10-15 parts of epoxy resin, 5-8 parts of composite modified nano-titanium dioxide, 3-5 parts of maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite, 2-3 parts of short-cut basalt fiber, 3-5 parts of ettringite generating agent, 1-2 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 0.5-1 part of antioxidant, 0.8-1.2 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 0.3-0.5 parts of defoamer, 2-3 parts of film-forming aid, and 8-12 parts of deionized water.

[0048] The coating of this application achieves a deep integration of weather resistance, crack resistance and waterproof performance. The base material system adopts multi-resin blending to form an interpenetrating network structure, balancing flexibility and rigidity. Functional fillers improve the core protective performance through physical reinforcement and chemical action. Additives optimize the coating preparation and application compatibility. The components work together to solve the technical defects of traditional coatings, such as single performance and insufficient long-term effectiveness.

[0049] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the composite modified nano-titanium dioxide includes the following steps:

[0050] Hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane resin, toluene, and nano-silica were mixed and then subjected to inorganic modification to obtain an amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate.

[0051] The amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate, the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polymer, and p-toluenesulfonic acid were mixed and then subjected to an amidation reaction to obtain the composite modified nano-titanium dioxide.

[0052] The composite modified nano-titanium dioxide provided in this application possesses excellent ultraviolet shielding capabilities, reflecting and absorbing over 90% of ultraviolet light, thus delaying coating aging. The organic coating layer, through amide bonds, binds to the base material molecular chains, improving the compatibility between the filler and the organic system, preventing agglomeration, and simultaneously enhancing the adhesion between the coating and the substrate. The synergistic effect of these two components results in a color difference ΔE ≤ 3 and an adhesion grade ≥ 1 after 1000 hours of artificial aging, demonstrating significantly superior weather resistance and bonding stability compared to traditional fillers.

[0053] In some embodiments, the mass-volume ratio of the hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane resin, toluene, and nano-silica is 1g:(1~2)mL:(0.1~0.3)g. This ratio ensures that the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the nano-silica react fully with the polysiloxane resin, and the modification coverage is ≥90%, which not only ensures the compatibility improvement effect but also avoids wasting raw materials.

[0054] In some embodiments, the particle size of the nano-silica is 20~50nm. This particle size range has a moderate specific surface area, which can enhance the ultraviolet shielding and mechanical enhancement effects through the nano-effect, while avoiding agglomeration caused by excessively small particle size or roughness of the coating surface caused by excessively large particle size, thus ensuring the smoothness of the coating appearance (gloss deviation ≤5%).

[0055] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate, adipic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid is 1:0.2~0.5:0.01~0.03.

[0056] In some embodiments, the inorganic modification treatment is carried out under stirring conditions, wherein the stirring speed is 800~1200 r / min, the temperature is 60~80℃, and the time is 2~5 h. This application, by limiting the parameters of the inorganic modification treatment, can promote the condensation reaction of hydroxyl groups and siloxanes to form a stable amino-modified intermediate.

[0057] In some embodiments, the amidation reaction is carried out under nitrogen protection at a temperature of 110-120°C for 6-8 hours. This application avoids oxidation side reactions by limiting the nitrogen atmosphere, and the limited reaction temperature ensures the amidation reaction proceeds fully, resulting in a dense organic coating structure and improved packing storage stability.

[0058] In some embodiments, the method for preparing maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite includes the following steps:

[0059] Sepiolite, maleic anhydride monomer, azobisisobutyronitrile, and toluene were mixed and subjected to a polymerization reaction to obtain the maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite.

[0060] In this application, the sepiolite possesses a unique fibrous porous structure. After organic modification, its surface oleophilic and hydrophobic properties are improved, and its compatibility with the base material is significantly enhanced. It forms a three-dimensional interwoven network in the coating, effectively dispersing stress and inhibiting crack propagation. Furthermore, the porous structure of sepiolite can adsorb moisture and corrosive media, improving the coating's waterproof and seepage-proof performance.

[0061] In some embodiments, the mass-to-volume ratio of sepiolite, maleic anhydride monomer, azobisisobutyronitrile, and toluene is 1 g : (0.02~0.05) g : (0.001~0.003) g : (1~2) mL. This ratio ensures that the organic groups on the surface of sepiolite are fully covered, which not only guarantees compatibility with the base material but also does not block the porous structure, thus achieving the dual effects of crack resistance and waterproofing.

[0062] In some embodiments, the polymerization reaction temperature is 120~135℃ and the time is 3~5h. This parameter activates the initiator decomposition, promotes the grafting reaction, achieves a grafting rate ≥30%, and forms structurally stable maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite.

[0063] In some embodiments, the chopped basalt fibers have a length of 4-6 mm and a diameter of 8-10 μm. Fibers of this size form an interlaced support structure in the coating, which can absorb impact energy, prevent crack propagation, and improve the tensile strength and crack toughness of the coating, making it suitable for substrate deformation and external impact scenarios.

[0064] In some embodiments, the ettringite generating agent is one or more of calcium sulfoaluminate, barium sulfoaluminate, or anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate. When the generating agent comes into contact with water, it undergoes a hydration reaction to generate needle-shaped ettringite crystals, which fill the pores and microcracks inside the coating to form a dense waterproof barrier. At the same time, the micro-expansion generated by crystal growth compensates for the shrinkage stress of the coating, further improving the crack resistance and waterproof performance.

[0065] In some embodiments, the solid content of the aqueous fluorocarbon emulsion is 35% to 45%. This solid content ensures the formation of a dense film layer after film formation, which not only leverages the excellent weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the fluorocarbon resin, but also avoids excessively high or low viscosity of the coating due to excessively high solid content, resulting in incomplete film formation.

[0066] In some embodiments, the acrylate copolymer is one or more of methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer, ethyl acrylate-isooctyl acrylate copolymer, or ethyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer. The copolymer used in this application has excellent flexibility, good compatibility with waterborne fluorocarbon emulsions and epoxy resins, and can adjust the coating hardness to improve both scratch resistance and crack resistance.

[0067] In some embodiments, the ultraviolet absorber is one or more of benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers, triazine ultraviolet absorbers, or salicylate ultraviolet absorbers. These absorbers can absorb ultraviolet light and, in synergy with composite modified nano-titanium dioxide, construct a dual ultraviolet protection system of reflection and absorption, further delaying coating aging.

[0068] In some embodiments, the antioxidant is one or more of hindered phenolic antioxidants, phosphite antioxidants, or thioester antioxidants. These antioxidants can capture free radicals generated during coating aging, inhibit oxidative degradation reactions, and synergistically improve the weather resistance and durability of the coating with ultraviolet absorbers.

[0069] In some embodiments, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is one or more of a polyether-type superplasticizer, a polyester-type superplasticizer, or a modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer. This type of superplasticizer can reduce the surface tension of the coating, improve its flowability and dispersibility, prevent the agglomeration of solid components, and improve coating uniformity.

[0070] In some embodiments, the defoamer is one or more of silicone defoamers, polyether defoamers, or polyether-modified silicone defoamers. The defoamer can eliminate bubbles generated during preparation and construction, prevent bubble residue from reducing the density of the coating, and ensure waterproof protection.

[0071] In some embodiments, the film-forming aid is one or more of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, or dodecyl alcohol ester. Such film-forming aids can lower the minimum film-forming temperature of the base material, ensuring the formation of a continuous and dense film layer at room temperature, and improving coating integrity and stability.

[0072] Secondly, this application discloses a method for preparing a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating, which includes the following steps:

[0073] S01: Mix the waterborne fluorocarbon emulsion, acrylate copolymer and epoxy resin evenly to obtain the base material system;

[0074] S02: Add composite modified nano-titanium dioxide, maleic anhydride grafted sepiolite and short-cut basalt fiber to the base material system and disperse them at high speed to obtain a mixed slurry;

[0075] S03: After adding ultraviolet absorber, antioxidant, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, defoamer, film-forming aid, deionized water and ettringite generating agent to the mixed slurry, stir and mix to obtain weather-resistant and crack-resistant waterproof building coating.

[0076] The preparation method of this application adopts a step-by-step process, which sequentially completes the preparation of the base material, the dispersion of functional fillers, and the formulation of additives. By precisely controlling the parameters of each step, uniform integration of components and system stability are achieved, solving the problems of uneven component dispersion, poor compatibility, and insufficient system stability in traditional coating preparation. The entire process has no harsh conditions, requires simple equipment, is easy to industrialize and promote, and product quality consistency can be ensured through online monitoring.

[0077] In step S01, the aqueous fluorocarbon emulsion, acrylate copolymer, and epoxy resin are mixed evenly to obtain the base material system.

[0078] In some embodiments, step S01 may include the following steps:

[0079] Add the water-based fluorocarbon emulsion to a jacketed thermostatic mixing tank, adjust the temperature to 25~35℃, add the acrylate copolymer, stir at 300~500r / min for 10~15min, then add the epoxy resin, and continue stirring at the same speed for 20~30min until a uniform and transparent base material system is formed.

[0080] In step S02, composite modified nano-titanium dioxide, maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite, and short-cut basalt fibers are added to the base material system and dispersed at high speed to obtain a mixed slurry.

[0081] In some embodiments, step S02 may include the following steps:

[0082] Composite modified nano-titanium dioxide and maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite were added sequentially to the base material system. The mixture was pre-stirred at 500-800 r / min for 15-20 min, then short-cut basalt fibers were added. After stirring for 5-10 min, the mixture was transferred to a sand mill for high-speed dispersion.

[0083] In some embodiments, the high-speed dispersion is achieved by grinding with a sand mill at a speed of 1000-1500 r / min for 30-60 min. This application utilizes high-speed dispersion to break up filler agglomerates, ensuring stable performance of the mixed slurry.

[0084] In step S03, ultraviolet absorber, antioxidant, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, defoamer, film-forming aid, deionized water and ettringite generating agent are added to the mixed slurry, and then stirred and mixed to obtain weather-resistant and crack-resistant waterproof building coating.

[0085] In some embodiments, step S03 may include the following steps:

[0086] The mixed slurry is transferred to a dispersion tank, and the rotation speed is adjusted to 500-1000 r / min. The ultraviolet absorber, antioxidant, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, defoamer, film-forming aid, and deionized water are added sequentially, and the mixture is stirred for 15-30 min. Then, the ettringite generating agent is added, and stirring continues for another 10-20 min while maintaining the rotation speed. In this application, the dispersion tank is equipped with a wall scraping device to prevent material from adhering to the tank wall and causing uneven mixing; the sequential addition of additives avoids antagonistic reactions between different additives, ensuring the effective functioning of each additive; and the final addition of the ettringite generating agent reduces premature reaction with other components, ensuring the storage stability of the coating.

[0087] In some embodiments, the stirring speed is 500~1000 r / min and the time is 15~30 min. This parameter ensures that the additives and ettringite generating agents are uniformly dispersed, avoiding excessive local concentrations that could lead to coating performance defects, while also preventing the generation of new bubbles due to excessive stirring intensity; the filtered coating has a moderate viscosity, suitable for spraying, roller coating and other construction methods, and has no obvious sedimentation or particles, ensuring smooth construction and coating smoothness.

[0088] Thirdly, this application discloses a method for applying a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating for the protection of building exterior walls, comprising the following steps:

[0089] The coating is applied to the surface of the building's exterior wall substrate and cured to form a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof protective coating.

[0090] The construction method described in this application is suitable for both conventional and complex conditions of building exterior walls. The protective coating formed after application effectively resists external erosion such as ultraviolet rays, rain, and temperature changes, solving the problems of insufficient coating adhesion and easy cracking and peeling in traditional construction. The construction process is simple and controllable, requiring no complex equipment, and can meet the construction needs of building exterior walls of different sizes. The curing conditions are mild, and the construction efficiency is high.

[0091] In some embodiments, the building exterior wall substrate is one or more of concrete, cement mortar, ceramic tile, or stone. The coating of this application exhibits good adaptability to various inorganic substrates and achieves stable bonding without the need for an additional primer.

[0092] In some embodiments, the coating is applied by spraying or roller coating, with a coating amount of 0.3~0.5 kg / m³. 2 The curing temperature is 15~35℃ and the curing time is 24~48h.

[0093] The present application will be specifically described below through specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0094] Example 1

[0095] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof protective coating, comprising the following steps:

[0096] The surface of the concrete exterior wall substrate is washed with a high-pressure water gun to remove dust and impurities, and then naturally dried to a moisture content of 8%. Repair mortar is used to fill and smooth any surface cracks.

[0097] A high-pressure airless sprayer was used, with the spraying pressure adjusted to 0.4 MPa and the spraying distance to 25 cm. Two coats of weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating were applied to the substrate surface. The second coat was applied 4 hours after the first coat, with a coating weight of 0.4 kg / m². 2 ;

[0098] The sprayed substrate is placed in an environment of 25°C and 55% humidity and cured at room temperature for 36 hours to form a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof protective coating with a dry film thickness of 80μm.

[0099] The preparation method of the weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating includes the following steps:

[0100] Add 40g of aqueous fluorocarbon emulsion (solid content 40%), 22g of methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer and 12g of epoxy resin into a mixing tank, adjust the temperature to 30℃ and the rotation speed to 400r / min, stir for 25min to mix evenly, and obtain the base material system.

[0101] 6g of composite modified nano-titanium dioxide, 4g of maleic anhydride grafted sepiolite, and 2.5g of short-cut basalt fiber (5mm in length and 9μm in diameter) were added sequentially to the base material system. After stirring at 700r / min for 18min, the mixture was transferred to a sand mill and ground at 1200r / min for 45min. The grinding media were 1.0mm zirconia beads. The temperature was controlled to be ≤38℃ during the grinding process to obtain a mixed slurry.

[0102] Transfer the mixed slurry to a dispersion tank, adjust the rotation speed to 800 r / min, and add 1.5 g of benzotriazole UV absorber, 0.8 g of hindered phenolic antioxidant, 1.0 g of polyether-type polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 0.4 g of polyether-modified silicone defoamer, 2.5 g of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate film-forming aid, and 10 g of deionized water in sequence. Stir for 25 min, and finally add 4 g of calcium sulfoaluminate calcite generating agent. Adjust the rotation speed to 800 r / min and continue stirring for 15 min to obtain a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating.

[0103] The preparation method of the composite modified nano-titanium dioxide includes the following steps:

[0104] 1g of hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane resin, 1.5mL of organic solvent and 0.2g of nano-silica with a particle size of 30nm were mixed and placed in a jacketed stirring tank. The stirring speed was adjusted to 1000r / min and the temperature was 70℃. The mixture was subjected to inorganic modification treatment for 3.5h to obtain amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate.

[0105] 1g of amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate, 0.3g of carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polymer and an appropriate amount of catalyst were mixed and subjected to amidation reaction at 115℃ under nitrogen protection for 7h to achieve organic coating and obtain composite modified nano-titanium dioxide.

[0106] The preparation method of maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite includes the following steps:

[0107] 1g of natural sepiolite, 0.3g of maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin and an appropriate amount of initiator were mixed and the temperature was adjusted to 125℃ in an inert gas atmosphere for in-situ modification reaction for 4h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature to obtain maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof protective coating, comprising the following steps:

[0110] Use a high-pressure water gun to rinse the surface of the cement mortar exterior wall substrate, wipe off the oil stains with a neutral detergent, rinse it clean with water, let it air dry until the moisture content is 9%, and use putty to level the uneven parts of the surface.

[0111] Using a short-pile roller (pile length 3mm), with the roller coating pressure adjusted to 0.15MPa and the linear speed to 1.5m / min, the weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating was applied to the substrate surface in two coats. The second coat was applied 5 hours after the first coat, with a coating weight of 0.3kg / m². 2 ;

[0112] The roller-coated substrate is placed in an environment of 15℃ and 60% humidity and cured at room temperature for 48 hours to form a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof protective coating with a dry film thickness of 50μm.

[0113] The preparation method of the weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating includes the following steps:

[0114] Add 35g of aqueous fluorocarbon emulsion (solid content 35%), 20g of ethyl acrylate-isooctyl acrylate copolymer and 10g of epoxy resin into a mixing tank, adjust the temperature to 25℃ and the rotation speed to 300r / min, stir for 30min to mix evenly, and obtain the base material system.

[0115] 5g of composite modified nano-titanium dioxide, 3g of maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite, and 2g of short-cut basalt fiber (4mm in length and 8μm in diameter) were added sequentially to the base material system. After stirring at 500r / min for 20min, the mixture was transferred to a sand mill and ground at 1000r / min for 60min. The grinding media were 0.8mm zirconia beads. The temperature was controlled to be ≤35℃ during the grinding process to obtain a mixed slurry.

[0116] Transfer the mixed slurry to a dispersion tank, adjust the rotation speed to 500 r / min, and add 1g of triazine UV absorber, 0.5g of phosphite antioxidant, 0.8g of polyester polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 0.3g of silicone defoamer, 2g of ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate film-forming aid, and 8g of deionized water in sequence. Stir for 30 min, and finally add 3g of barium sulfoaluminate calcium alum stone generating agent. Adjust the rotation speed to 500 r / min and continue stirring for 20 min to obtain a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating.

[0117] The preparation method of the composite modified nano-titanium dioxide includes the following steps:

[0118] 1g of hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane resin, 1mL of organic solvent and 0.1g of nano-silica with a particle size of 20nm were mixed and placed in a jacketed stirring tank. The stirring speed was adjusted to 800r / min and the temperature was 60℃. The mixture was subjected to inorganic modification treatment for 5h to obtain amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate.

[0119] 1g of amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate, 0.2g of carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polymer and an appropriate amount of catalyst were mixed and subjected to an amidation reaction at 110℃ under nitrogen protection for 8 hours to achieve organic coating and obtain composite modified nano-titanium dioxide.

[0120] The preparation method of maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite includes the following steps:

[0121] 1g of natural sepiolite, 0.2g of maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin and an appropriate amount of initiator were mixed and the temperature was adjusted to 120℃ in an inert gas atmosphere for in-situ modification reaction for 5h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature to obtain maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite.

[0122] Example 3

[0123] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof protective coating, comprising the following steps:

[0124] Rinse the surface of the ceramic exterior wall substrate with clean water, let it air dry naturally until the moisture content is 7%, and fill the gaps in the substrate with sealant.

[0125] A high-pressure airless sprayer was used, with the spraying pressure adjusted to 0.5 MPa and the spraying distance to 30 cm. The weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating was sprayed onto the substrate surface in a single pass, with a coating weight of 0.5 kg / m². 2 ;

[0126] The sprayed substrate is placed in an environment of 35℃ and 45% humidity and cured at room temperature for 24 hours to form a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof protective coating with a dry film thickness of 100μm.

[0127] The preparation method of the weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating includes the following steps:

[0128] Add 45g of aqueous fluorocarbon emulsion (solid content 45%), 25g of ethyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer and 15g of epoxy resin into a mixing tank, adjust the temperature to 35℃ and the rotation speed to 500r / min, stir for 20min to mix evenly, and obtain the base material system.

[0129] 8g of composite modified nano-titanium dioxide, 5g of maleic anhydride grafted sepiolite, and 3g of short-cut basalt fiber (6mm in length and 10μm in diameter) were added sequentially to the base material system. After stirring at 800r / min for 15min, the mixture was transferred to a sand mill and ground at 1500r / min for 30min. The grinding media were 1.2mm zirconia beads. The temperature was controlled to be ≤40℃ during the grinding process to obtain a mixed slurry.

[0130] Transfer the mixed slurry to a dispersion tank, adjust the rotation speed to 1000 r / min, and add 2g of salicylate-based UV absorber, 1g of thioester-based antioxidant, 1.2g of modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 0.5g of polyether defoamer, 3g of dodecyl alcohol ester film-forming aid, and 12g of deionized water in sequence. Stir for 15 min, and finally add 5g of anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate calcite-aluminate generating agent. Adjust the rotation speed to 1000 r / min and continue stirring for 10 min to obtain a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating.

[0131] The preparation method of the composite modified nano-titanium dioxide includes the following steps:

[0132] 1g of hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane resin, 2mL of organic solvent and 0.3g of nano-silica with a particle size of 50nm were mixed and placed in a jacketed stirring tank. The stirring speed was adjusted to 1200r / min and the temperature was 80℃. The inorganic modification treatment was carried out for 2h to obtain amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate.

[0133] 1g of amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate, 0.5g of carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polymer and an appropriate amount of catalyst were mixed and subjected to an amidation reaction at 120℃ under nitrogen protection for 6 hours to achieve organic coating, thus obtaining composite modified nano-titanium dioxide.

[0134] The preparation method of maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite includes the following steps:

[0135] 1g of natural sepiolite, 0.4g of maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin and an appropriate amount of initiator were mixed and the temperature was adjusted to 135℃ in an inert gas atmosphere for in-situ modification reaction for 3h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature to obtain maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite.

[0136] Comparative Example 1

[0137] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a waterproof coating for buildings, including the following steps:

[0138] The surface of the concrete exterior wall substrate is washed with a high-pressure water gun to remove dust and impurities, and then naturally dried to a moisture content of 8%. Repair mortar is used to fill and smooth any surface cracks.

[0139] A high-pressure airless sprayer was used, with the spraying pressure adjusted to 0.4 MPa and the spraying distance to 25 cm. Two coats of waterproof coating were applied to the substrate surface, with a 4-hour interval between the first and second coats. The coating weight was 0.4 kg / m². 2 ;

[0140] The sprayed substrate is placed in an environment of 25°C and 55% humidity and cured at room temperature for 36 hours to form a building waterproof coating with a dry film thickness of 80μm.

[0141] The preparation method of the building waterproof coating includes the following steps:

[0142] Add 40g of aqueous fluorocarbon emulsion (solid content 40%), 22g of methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer and 12g of epoxy resin into a mixing tank, adjust the temperature to 30℃ and the rotation speed to 400r / min, stir for 25min to mix evenly, and obtain the base material system.

[0143] 6g of unmodified nano-titanium dioxide, 4g of natural sepiolite, and 2.5g of short-cut basalt fiber (5mm in length and 9μm in diameter) were added sequentially to the base material system. After stirring at 700r / min for 18min, the mixture was transferred to a sand mill and ground at 1200r / min for 45min. The grinding media were 1.0mm zirconia beads. The temperature was controlled to be ≤38℃ during the grinding process to obtain a mixed slurry.

[0144] Transfer the mixed slurry to a dispersion tank, adjust the rotation speed to 800 r / min, and add 1.5 g of benzotriazole UV absorber, 0.8 g of hindered phenolic antioxidant, 1.0 g of polyether-type polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 0.4 g of polyether-modified silicone defoamer, 2.5 g of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate film-forming aid, and 10 g of deionized water in sequence. Stir for 25 min, and finally add 4 g of calcium sulfoaluminate calcite generating agent. Adjust the rotation speed to 800 r / min and continue stirring for 15 min to obtain the building waterproof coating.

[0145] Comparative Example 2

[0146] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a traditional building waterproof coating, including the following steps:

[0147] The surface of the concrete exterior wall substrate is washed with a high-pressure water gun to remove dust and impurities, and then naturally dried to a moisture content of 8%. Repair mortar is used to fill and smooth any surface cracks.

[0148] A high-pressure airless sprayer was used, with the spraying pressure adjusted to 0.4 MPa and the spraying distance to 25 cm. Traditional building waterproofing coating was applied to the substrate surface in two coats, with a 4-hour interval between the first and second coats. The coating weight was 0.4 kg / m². 2 ;

[0149] The sprayed substrate is placed in an environment of 25°C and 55% humidity and cured at room temperature for 36 hours to form a traditional building waterproof coating with a dry film thickness of 80μm.

[0150] The preparation method of the traditional building waterproof coating includes the following steps:

[0151] Add 50g of ordinary acrylic emulsion (solid content 40%) and 15g of epoxy resin to a mixing tank, adjust the temperature to 30℃ and the speed to 400r / min, stir for 25min to mix evenly, and obtain the base material system.

[0152] Add 8g of talc powder and 3g of glass fiber (5mm in length) to the base material system in sequence. Stir at 700r / min for 18min, then transfer to a sand mill and grind at 1200r / min for 45min. The grinding media is 1.0mm zirconia beads to obtain a mixed slurry.

[0153] Transfer the mixed slurry to a dispersion tank, adjust the rotation speed to 800 r / min, and add 1g of ultraviolet absorber, 0.5g of antioxidant, 1.0g of water-reducing agent, 0.4g of defoamer, 2g of film-forming aid and 15g of deionized water in sequence. Stir for 25 minutes to obtain a traditional building waterproof coating.

[0154] Performance Tests and Results

[0155] The coatings and coatings prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to coating system performance tests and coating application performance tests. The coating system performance test results are shown in Table 1, and the coating application performance test results are shown in Table 2.

[0156] Coating system performance testing:

[0157] Dispersibility: The particle size distribution of the slurry was tested using a laser particle size analyzer to observe whether agglomerates were present;

[0158] Viscosity: measured using a rotational viscometer at 25°C for 10 seconds. -1 Tested at shear rate;

[0159] Storage stability: The coating was sealed and placed in an environment of 25°C, and the sedimentation was observed for 72 hours and 30 days.

[0160] Bubble content: The volume percentage of bubbles in the coating is calculated using the hydrometer bottle method.

[0161] Coating application performance testing:

[0162] Adhesion: Tested according to GB / T 9286-1998 using the cross-cut test (1mm grid);

[0163] Crack resistance: According to JG / T 174-2014, observe the cracking of the coating when the substrate shrinkage rate is 5%;

[0164] Water resistance: Immerse in water for 24 hours according to GB / T 1733-1993, and observe whether the coating blisters or peels off;

[0165] Artificial aging resistance: According to GB / T 1865-2009, a xenon lamp aging test was conducted for 2000 hours, and the color difference ΔE was observed.

[0166] Salt spray resistance: Conduct a neutral salt spray test for 1000 hours according to GB / T 1771-2007 and observe the coating condition;

[0167] Tensile strength and elongation at break: tested according to GB / T 16777-2008;

[0168] Water absorption rate: Tested according to GB / T 1738-2007.

[0169] Table 1 Performance test results of the coating system

[0170] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Dispersion No agglomeration, uniform distribution No agglomeration, uniform distribution No agglomeration, uniform distribution Mild reunion Clear reunion <![CDATA[Viscosity (25°C, 10 s -1 )]]> 750 mPa·s 600 mPa·s 900 mPa·s 820 mPa·s 1100 mPa·s Storage stability (24h) No settlement No settlement No settlement Slight settlement (1 mm) Significant settlement (3mm) Storage stability (72h) No settlement No settlement No settlement Settlement (3mm) Severe settlement (8mm) Bubble content ＜0.1% ＜0.1% ＜0.1% 0.3% 0.8%

[0171] Table 2 Coating application performance test results

[0172] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Adhesion (cross-cut test) Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 3 Level 4 Crack resistance (substrate shrinkage 5%) No cracks No cracks No cracks Slight cracks Severe cracking Water resistance (24h) No bulging, no peeling No bulging, no peeling No bulging, no peeling Localized bulging Severe bulging and peeling Resistance to artificial aging (2000h) ΔE=2.1 ΔE=1.8 ΔE=2.3 ΔE=5.7 ΔE=8.9 Salt spray resistance (1000h) No bubbling, no peeling No bubbling, no peeling No bubbling, no peeling Localized blistering Severe blistering and corrosion Tensile strength 5.8MPa 5.3MPa 6.2MPa 3.2MPa 2.5MPa Elongation at break 165% 158% 172% 95% 78%

[0173] As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, the weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coatings and protective coatings prepared in Examples 1-3 of this application have significantly better overall performance than those in Comparative Examples 1-2. Regarding the coating system, Examples 1-3, due to the use of composite modified nano-titanium dioxide and maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite, exhibit excellent compatibility with the base material system, good dispersibility, no agglomeration, no sedimentation even after 30 days of storage, low bubble content (<0.1%), and viscosity controlled at 600-900 mPa·s, making them suitable for spraying and roller coating applications. Comparative Example 1, using unmodified nano-titanium dioxide and natural sepiolite, has poor compatibility with the organic base material, resulting in slight agglomeration and sedimentation. Comparative Example 2 exhibits extremely poor dispersion stability, severe sedimentation, and high bubble content, making it prone to sagging and pinhole defects during application. In terms of coating performance, the coatings in Examples 1-3 achieved Grade 1 adhesion, showed no cracking when the substrate shrank by 5%, had a tensile strength ≥5.3MPa, an elongation at break ≥158%, a water absorption rate ≤2.5%, a color difference ΔE ≤2.3 after 2000h of artificial aging, and no blistering or peeling after 1000h of salt spray resistance, fully meeting the weather resistance, crack resistance, and waterproofing requirements for long-term outdoor use of building exterior walls. Comparative Example 1, due to the lack of modification of fillers and insufficient compatibility, experienced a decrease in crack resistance, adhesion, and water resistance, resulting in slight cracking and blistering. Comparative Example 2 used a traditional coating formulation without the addition of organic modified functional fillers and ettringite generating agents, leading to a significant decline in various properties, especially in weather resistance, crack resistance, and salt spray resistance, making it unsuitable for complex outdoor environments and prone to aging, powdering, cracking, and peeling, thus failing to achieve long-term protective effects.

[0174] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating, characterized in that, By weight, it includes the following components: The composition includes 35-45 parts of waterborne fluorocarbon emulsion, 20-25 parts of acrylate copolymer, 10-15 parts of epoxy resin, 5-8 parts of composite modified nano-titanium dioxide, 3-5 parts of maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite, 2-3 parts of short-cut basalt fiber, 3-5 parts of ettringite generating agent, 1-2 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 0.5-1 part of antioxidant, 0.8-1.2 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 0.3-0.5 parts of defoamer, 2-3 parts of film-forming aid, and 8-12 parts of deionized water.

2. The weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the composite modified nano-titanium dioxide includes the following steps: Hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane resin, toluene, and nano-silica were mixed and then subjected to inorganic modification to obtain an amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate. The amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate, the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polymer, and p-toluenesulfonic acid were mixed and then subjected to an amidation reaction to obtain the composite modified nano-titanium dioxide.

3. The weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass-to-volume ratio of the hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane resin, toluene, and nano-silica is 1 g : (1~2) mL : (0.1~0.3) g; and / or The particle size of the nano-silica is 20~50nm; and / or The mass ratio of the amino-modified nano-titanium dioxide intermediate, adipic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid is 1:0.2~0.5:0.01~0.03; and / or The inorganic modification treatment is carried out under stirring conditions, wherein the stirring speed is 800~1200 r / min, the temperature is 60~80℃, and the time is 2~5 h; and / or The amidation reaction was carried out under nitrogen protection at a temperature of 110-120°C for 6-8 hours.

4. The weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite includes the following steps: Sepiolite, maleic anhydride monomer, azobisisobutyronitrile, and toluene were mixed and subjected to a polymerization reaction to obtain the maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite.

5. The weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mass-to-volume ratio of sepiolite, maleic anhydride monomer, azobisisobutyronitrile, and toluene is 1 g : (0.02~0.05) g : (0.001~0.003) g : (1~2) mL; and / or The polymerization reaction temperature is 120~135℃ and the time is 3~5h.

6. The weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The short-cut basalt fibers have a length of 4-6 mm and a diameter of 8-10 μm; and / or The ettringite generating agent is one or more of calcium sulfoaluminate, barium sulfoaluminate, or anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate; and / or The aqueous fluorocarbon emulsion has a solid content of 35%~45%; and / or The acrylate copolymer is one or more of methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer, ethyl methacrylate-isooctyl acrylate copolymer, or ethyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer; and / or The ultraviolet absorber is one or more of benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers, triazine ultraviolet absorbers, or salicylate ultraviolet absorbers; and / or The antioxidant is one or more of hindered phenolic antioxidants, phosphite antioxidants, or thioester antioxidants; and / or The polycarboxylate superplasticizer is one or more of polyether-type superplasticizers, polyester-type superplasticizers, or modified polycarboxylate superplasticizers; and / or The defoamer is one or more of the following: silicone defoamers, polyether defoamers, or polyether-modified silicone defoamers; and / or The film-forming aid is one or more of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, or dodecyl alcohol ester.

7. The method for preparing the weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A water-based fluorocarbon emulsion, an acrylate copolymer, and an epoxy resin are mixed evenly to obtain a base material system. Composite modified nano-titanium dioxide, maleic anhydride-grafted sepiolite, and short-cut basalt fibers were added to the base material system and dispersed at high speed to obtain a mixed slurry. After adding ultraviolet absorber, antioxidant, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, defoamer, film-forming aid, deionized water and ettringite generating agent to the mixed slurry, the mixture is stirred and mixed to obtain a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating.

8. The preparation method of the weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating according to claim 7, characterized in that, The high-speed dispersion is achieved by grinding with a sand mill at a speed of 1000-1500 r / min for 30-60 min; and / or The stirring speed is 500~1000 r / min, and the time is 15~30 min.

9. The method for applying the weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating according to any one of claims 1-6 to the exterior wall of a building, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The coating is applied to the surface of the building's exterior wall substrate and cured to form a weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof protective coating.

10. The method for applying the weather-resistant, crack-resistant, and waterproof building coating to the exterior walls of a building according to claim 9, characterized in that, The coating is applied by spraying or roller coating, with a coating amount of 0.3~0.5 kg / m³. 2 The curing temperature is 15~35℃ and the curing time is 24~48h.