Energy dissipation and shock absorption device for bridge in high-intensity earthquake area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge earthquake resistance, in particular to an energy dissipation and shock absorption device for a bridge in a high-intensity earthquake area. The limiting plate is provided with a suction cup assembly and a clamping groove. The suction cup assembly communicates with the vacuum pump, an opening of the suction cup assembly faces the first building component, and the first building component is one of the main beam and the pier. An opening of the clamping groove faces the second building component, and the second building component is the other one of the main beam and the pier. The clamping tenon is connected with the second building component and extends into the clamping groove, and the outer side wall of the clamping tenon is in clearance fit with the inner side wall of the clamping groove. The technical problems that an existing anti-falling beam device lacks buffering energy dissipation capacity, and daily operation working conditions and earthquake working conditions cannot be considered at the same time can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge seismic resistance technology, and in particular to an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones. Background Technology

[0002] Anti-fall beam devices are a key structural component for bridge seismic resistance, primarily used to prevent beam collapse caused by excessive relative displacement between the superstructure (main beam) and the substructure (piers). Therefore, anti-fall beam devices are widely used in bridge engineering in earthquake-prone areas. Traditional anti-fall beam devices typically use concrete or steel anti-fall beam blocks to constrain the relative displacement between the main beam and the piers. However, this type of anti-fall beam device has the following limitations:

[0003] (1) Lack of buffer energy dissipation capacity: Since the anti-fall beam block is a rigid structure, when an earthquake occurs and the relative displacement between the main beam and the pier is too large, the main beam and the anti-fall beam block will directly collide rigidly. This will not effectively dissipate the earthquake energy, but will also have a strong impact on the bridge structure, which will easily lead to damage to the bridge structure.

[0004] (2) Unable to balance daily operation conditions and earthquake conditions: Most existing anti-fall beam devices are fixed structures, so the restraining effect of the anti-fall beam devices on bridge components is generally fixed. However, bridges will experience relative displacement due to various reasons such as temperature difference and concrete shrinkage and creep during daily operation. If the anti-fall beam device is too rigid, the above relative displacement will generate additional stress in the bridge structure and cause damage to the bridge structure. However, if the anti-fall beam device is not sufficiently restrained, it is easy to fail in high-intensity earthquakes (such as earthquake intensity VIII and above) and cause beam falling or jumping accidents.

[0005] As can be seen from the above, the existing anti-fall beam devices are insufficient to meet the vibration reduction requirements of bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones, and there is an urgent need to develop a new type of energy-dissipating vibration reduction device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the technical problems of existing anti-fall beam devices lacking buffer energy dissipation capacity and being unable to take into account both daily operation conditions and seismic conditions, and to provide an energy dissipation and vibration reduction device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones.

[0007] The energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones includes a limiting plate and a locking tenon; the limiting plate is equipped with a suction cup assembly and a locking groove; the suction cup assembly is connected to a vacuum pump, and the opening of the suction cup assembly faces the first structural member, which is either the main beam or the pier; the opening of the locking groove faces the second structural member, which is either the main beam or the pier; the locking tenon is connected to the second structural member, and the locking tenon extends into the locking groove, with the outer side wall of the locking tenon and the inner side wall of the locking groove having a clearance fit.

[0008] Preferably, a first elastic element is further provided between the limiting plate and the first building component, and / or, a first elastic element is further provided between the limiting plate and the second building component; the first elastic element is used to pull the limiting plate closer to the first building component.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting plate is divided into two sub-plates along the transverse bridge direction, and a second elastic element is provided between the two sub-plates. The second elastic element is used to pull the two sub-plates closer to each other. Each sub-plate is provided with at least one suction cup assembly and at least one slot, and the number and position of the tenons match the number and position of the slots.

[0010] Preferably, the tenon is connected to the main beam; the openings of the suction cup assemblies on the two sub-plates face the anti-fall beam blocks on the corresponding sides.

[0011] Preferably, the slot is a through slot, the end of the tenon protrudes from the slot, and a tenon is connected to the tenon. The tenon is located on the side of the limiting plate away from the second building component, and the width of the tenon is greater than the width of the slot.

[0012] Preferably, the side of the tenon facing the limiting plate includes a spherical or ellipsoidal surface.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a position sensor, which is used to detect the relative displacement between the main beam and the pier, and the position sensor is communicatively connected to the vacuum pump.

[0014] Preferably, the position sensor includes a lidar.

[0015] Preferably, the suction cup assembly has a friction pair inside, which is used to contact the first building component.

[0016] Preferably, the suction cup assembly includes a rubber lip that surrounds the opening of the suction cup assembly.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones. By connecting a limiting plate with a suction cup assembly and a slot to one of the main beam and the pier, and connecting a tenon to the other of the main beam and the pier, the device not only achieves basic constraint between the main beam and the pier through the cooperation of the slot and the tenon, but also actively adjusts the constraint effect between the main beam and the pier by switching on and off a vacuum pump. This invention can take into account both daily operation conditions and earthquake conditions, and can provide a friction energy dissipation mechanism through the suction cup assembly under earthquake conditions, thereby reducing the impact load of earthquakes on the bridge structure. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones, as described in this invention, when installed on a bridge. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a frontal three-dimensional structural diagram of an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a side-view three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones, as described in this invention, when installed on a bridge. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This is a frontal three-dimensional structural diagram of an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to the present invention. Figure 2 ; icon: 100-Limiting plate; 101-Card slot; 102-First elastic element; 103-Second elastic element; 104-Position sensor; 110-Sub-plate; 200 - Suction cup assembly; 210 - Vacuum pump; 300 - tenon; 310 - tenon; 400 - Main beam; 500 - Pier; 510 - Anti-falling beam block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0020] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0021] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but that it can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0023] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and can even exceed nine.

[0024] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0025] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones includes a limiting plate 100, a suction cup assembly 200, and a locking tenon 300.

[0026] The limiting plate 100 is set horizontally (i.e., the normal of the limiting plate 100 is parallel to the height direction). The limiting plate 100 is provided with a suction cup assembly 200 and a slot 101. The suction cup assembly 200 is connected to the vacuum pump 210. The opening of the suction cup assembly 200 faces the first building component. Turning the vacuum pump 210 on or off can make the suction cup assembly 200 tightly connected or separated from the first building component. The opening of the slot 101 faces the second building component.

[0027] The tenon 300 is connected to the second building component. The tenon 300 extends into the groove 101, and the outer side wall of the tenon 300 is in clearance fit with the inner side wall of the groove 101.

[0028] The first building component is one of the main beam 400 and the pier 500, and the second building component is the other of the main beam 400 and the pier 500. That is, the positions of the tenon 300 and the limiting plate 100 can be interchanged. For example, the tenon 300 can be connected to the main beam 400, and the limiting plate 100 can be connected to the pier 500 through the suction cup assembly 200 (when the vacuum pump 210 is turned on); or the tenon 300 can be connected to the pier 500, and the limiting plate 100 can be connected to the main beam 400 through the suction cup assembly 200 (when the vacuum pump 210 is turned on).

[0029] The energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones in this embodiment connects a limiting plate 100 with a suction cup assembly 200 and a slot 101 to one of the main beam 400 and the pier 500, and a tenon 300 to the other of the main beam 400 and the pier 500. This not only achieves basic constraint between the main beam 400 and the pier 500 through the cooperation of the slot 101 and the tenon 300, but also actively adjusts the constraint effect between the main beam 400 and the pier 500 by switching the vacuum pump 210 on and off. This embodiment can accommodate both daily operational conditions and earthquake conditions, and under earthquake conditions, it can provide a frictional energy dissipation mechanism through the suction cup assembly 200, thereby reducing the impact load on the bridge structure caused by earthquakes. The specific working principle is as follows: Under normal operating conditions, the vacuum pump 210 is turned off, there is no negative pressure between the suction cup assembly 200 and the first building component, the suction cup assembly 200 is separated from the first building component and an air gap is generated, and there is also a gap between the tenon 300 and the slot 101. The main beam 400 is in a weak or even zero constraint state relative to the pier 500. When the main beam 400 and the pier 500 are relatively displaced due to various reasons such as temperature difference, concrete shrinkage and creep, the relative displacement will be absorbed by the gap between the tenon 300 and the slot 101 and the air gap, thereby avoiding fatigue stress inside the bridge structure and thus protecting the fatigue life of bridge components (such as bearings and piers 500).

[0030] When the relative displacement between the main beam 400 and the pier 500 exceeds the specified range due to an earthquake, the vacuum pump 210 is activated. A negative pressure is generated between the suction cup assembly 200 and the first structural component, causing the suction cup assembly 200 to adhere to the first structural component and exert rigid constraints on it. This improves the constraint effect between the main beam 400 and the pier 500. If the main beam 400 and the pier 500 experience relative displacement at this time, the suction cup assembly 200 will rub against the first structural component under the influence of the relative displacement. This can transform the horizontal rigid impact between the main beam 400 and the pier 500 into a softer sliding friction, and can also dissipate the mechanical energy of the earthquake into internal energy through the friction energy dissipation mechanism, thereby effectively reducing the impact load of the earthquake on the bridge structure.

[0031] If the relative displacement between the main beam 400 and the pier 500 in a certain horizontal direction continues to increase, the minimum gap between the tenon 300 and the slot 101 in the corresponding direction will gradually decrease until the tenon 300 and the slot 101 abut against each other and form a rigid constraint. At this time, the rigid constraint between the tenon 300 and the slot 101, as well as the rigid constraint between the suction cup assembly 200 and the first building component, can be redundant and backup to each other, preventing the relative displacement between the main beam 400 and the pier 500 from increasing further, thereby eliminating the beam falling accident.

[0032] In optional implementations, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a first elastic element 102 is also provided between the limiting plate 100 and the first building component, and / or, a first elastic element 102 is also provided between the limiting plate 100 and the second building component; the first elastic element 102 is used to pull the limiting plate 100 closer to the first building component, that is, the elastic force direction of the first elastic element 102 is pointing towards the first building component.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first elastic element 102 pulls the limiting plate 100 closer to the first building component, which helps to control the distance between the suction cup assembly 200 and the first building component and prevents the air gap between the suction cup assembly 200 and the first building component from being too large, which would make it difficult for the suction cup assembly 200 to adhere to the first building component. Furthermore, under earthquake conditions, the first elastic element 102 can also play a role in assisting to press the suction cup assembly 200, ensuring that the suction cup assembly 200 can always press the first building component tightly under severe vibration.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the first elastic element 102 is configured such that the opening of the suction cup assembly 200 abuts against the first building component under the elastic force of the first elastic element 102 but does not generate positive pressure, thereby avoiding unnecessary constraints on the first building component by the suction cup assembly 200 under normal operating conditions, and enabling the suction cup assembly 200 to quickly adsorb the first building component in the event of an earthquake.

[0035] In optional embodiments, the first elastic element 102 may take the form of, but is not limited to, a rubber spring, a helical spring, a disc spring, or a spiral spring.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the first elastic element 102 is a prestressed compression helical spring, and the first elastic element 102 is disposed between the limiting plate 100 and the second building component; for example... Figure 1 As shown, in the case where the tenon 300 is connected to the pier 500, the first elastic element 102 is disposed between the pier 500 and the limiting plate 100, so that the limiting plate 100 and the suction cup assembly 200 can be pushed together from bottom to top towards the bottom surface of the main beam 400.

[0037] In optional implementations, such as Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the limiting plate 100 is divided into two sub-plates 110 along the transverse bridge direction. A second elastic element 103 is provided between the two sub-plates 110. The second elastic element 103 is used to pull the two sub-plates 110 closer to each other. Each of the two sub-plates 110 is provided with at least one suction cup assembly 200 and at least one slot 101. The number and position of the tenons 300 match the number and position of the slots 101.

[0038] In this embodiment, the limiting plate 100 is divided into two sub-plates 110 and connected by a second elastic element 103. When the suction cup assemblies 200 on both sub-plates 110 are not working, the second elastic element 103 can deform freely, thereby helping this embodiment absorb more relative displacement between the main beam 400 and the pier 500 under normal operating conditions. When the suction cup assemblies 200 on both sub-plates 110 are working, the behavior of the sub-plates 110 is dominated by the suction cup assemblies 200, and the second elastic element 103 will not interfere with the operation of the sub-plates 110 and the suction cup assemblies 200. However, when the suction cup assemblies 200 on both sub-plates 110 are closed, the second elastic element 103 can reset the position of the two sub-plates 110 through its elasticity, thereby simplifying post-earthquake maintenance and repair work.

[0039] In optional embodiments, the second elastic element 103 may take the form of, but is not limited to, a rubber spring, a helical spring, a disc spring, or a spiral spring.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the second elastic element 103 is a prestressed tension helical spring.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the latch 300 is connected to the main beam 400; the openings of the suction cup assemblies 200 on the two sub-plates 110 face the anti-fall beam block 510 on the corresponding side, so that the side wall of the anti-fall beam block 510 can be fully utilized for frictional energy dissipation.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the slot 101 is a through slot, and the end of the tenon 300 protrudes from the slot 101. A tenon 310 is connected to the tenon 300. The tenon 310 is located on the side of the limiting plate 100 away from the second building component. The width of the tenon 310 is greater than the width of the slot 101. For example, if the cross-sections of the slot 101 and the tenon 310 are both circular, then the diameter of the tenon 310 is greater than the diameter of the slot 101; if the cross-sections of the slot 101 and the tenon 310 are both square, then the side length of the tenon 310 is greater than the side length of the slot 101.

[0043] In areas prone to high-intensity earthquakes (e.g., earthquake intensity VIII and above), the main beam 400 is not only at risk of displacement along the transverse and longitudinal directions, but also at risk of beam jumping along the height direction. Therefore, this embodiment adds a tenon 310 to the tenon 300. When the main beam 400 moves away from the pier 500 along the height direction, the tenon 310 will gradually approach the limiting plate 100 until it abuts against the limiting plate 100, thereby preventing the main beam 400 from moving further away from the pier 500 along the height direction. This can play a role in resisting pull-out and preventing beam jumping, making this embodiment more adaptable to areas prone to high-intensity earthquakes.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, the side of the tenon 310 facing the limiting plate 100 includes a spherical or ellipsoidal surface; it should be noted that the spherical surface here does not need to be a complete sphere, but can be only a part of a sphere, for example... Figure 4 As shown, tenon 310 is a hemispherical structure; similarly, the ellipsoid does not need to be a complete ellipsoid, but can be just a part of an ellipsoid.

[0045] Since the main beam 400 may displace relative to the pier 500 in various directions during an earthquake, when the main beam 400 displaces along the height direction and causes the tenon 310 to abut against the limiting plate 100, the tenon 310 may also be subjected to impacts from different directions. Therefore, in this embodiment, the side of the tenon 310 facing the limiting plate 100 includes a spherical or ellipsoidal surface to better cope with impacts from different directions. Furthermore, when the spherical or ellipsoidal surface contacts the slot 101, the spherical or ellipsoidal surface can also play a certain centering role, thereby helping the main beam 400 to reset to a certain extent.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, a position sensor 104 is also included. The position sensor 104 is used to detect the relative displacement between the main beam 400 and the pier 500. The position sensor 104 is communicatively connected to the vacuum pump 210, so that the vacuum pump 210 can automatically determine whether to start or stop based on the reading of the position sensor 104. For example, if the reading of the position sensor 104 does not exceed the preset range, the vacuum pump 210 does not work; while if the reading of the position sensor 104 exceeds the preset range, the vacuum pump 210 works, thereby enabling automatic emergency response under earthquake conditions, which in turn helps to improve the operational safety of the bridge.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, the position sensor 104 includes a lidar, which can accurately measure the relative displacement between the main beam 400 and the pier 500 in a non-contact manner. This not only helps the staff or automatic control system to make more accurate instructions on the operation of the vacuum pump 210, but also reduces the difficulty of deploying the position sensor 104 (e.g., eliminating the trouble of setting up prisms and wires).

[0048] In an optional embodiment, the position sensor 104 is disposed on the side of the limiting plate 100 facing the pier 500, and the position sensor 104 points to the bearing pad stone, so as to capture the displacement data of the main beam 400 relative to the bearing pad stone in real time.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, a friction pair is provided inside the suction cup assembly 200. The friction pair is used to contact the first building component, thereby improving the efficiency of friction energy dissipation between the suction cup assembly 200 and the first building component, which in turn helps to improve the seismic resistance of this embodiment.

[0050] In optional embodiments, the specific forms of the friction pair include, but are not limited to: plate-shaped components with anti-slip patterns, such as patterned steel plates; plate-shaped components with friction coatings or friction pads, such as metal plates with rubber pads attached; and plate-shaped components with friction protrusions, such as metal plates with a plurality of rubber protrusions spaced apart on the surface.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the suction cup assembly 200 includes a rubber lip that surrounds the opening of the suction cup assembly 200, thereby enhancing the airtightness between the suction cup assembly 200 and the first building component, allowing the suction cup assembly 200 to adhere more tightly to the first building component. At the same time, the deformation of the rubber lip can also help dissipate energy, thereby improving the seismic resistance of this embodiment.

[0052] In an optional embodiment, the vacuum pump 210 is mounted on the limiting plate 100 to shorten the pipeline length between the vacuum pump 210 and the suction cup assembly 200, thereby improving the working efficiency of the vacuum pump 210.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the number of slots 101 is at least two, and the slots 101 are distributed at intervals along the transverse and / or longitudinal directions of the bridge. The number and position of the tenons 300 match the number and position of the slots 101.

[0054] This embodiment can increase the limiting reliability between the main beam 400 and the pier 500 by setting more slots 101 and tenons 300, thereby further reducing the risk of beam falling.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, both the tenon 300 and the slot 101 have circular cross-sectional shapes to better resist impacts from all directions and transmit loads in all directions.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, the tenon 300 is a conical column structure with a circular cross section. The material of the tenon 300 includes, but is not limited to, steel, nickel-titanium alloy, or rubber. When the bridge is subjected to earthquake action, the tenon 300 can absorb and dissipate earthquake energy through its own deformation, thereby improving the bridge's seismic performance and reducing the risk of damage to the bridge from earthquake disasters. By changing the cross-sectional dimensions of the tenon 300, all sections of the tenon 300 can yield simultaneously over a large range, making full use of the energy dissipation capacity of the tenon 300 and saving materials.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the latch 300 is anchored to the second building structure to ensure the reliability of the connection between the latch 300 and the second building structure.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones, characterized in that, include: A limiting plate (100) is provided with a suction cup assembly (200) and a slot (101); the suction cup assembly (200) is connected to a vacuum pump (210), and the opening of the suction cup assembly (200) faces the first building component, which is one of the main beam (400) and the pier (500); The opening of the slot (101) faces the second building component, which is the other of the main beam (400) and the pier (500); The tenon (300) is connected to the second building component. The tenon (300) extends into the slot (101). The outer wall of the tenon (300) is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the slot (101).

2. The energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first elastic element (102) is further provided between the limiting plate (100) and the first building component, and / or, a first elastic element (102) is further provided between the limiting plate (100) and the second building component; the first elastic element (102) is used to pull the limiting plate (100) closer to the first building component.

3. The energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting plate (100) is divided into two sub-plates (110) along the transverse bridge direction. A second elastic element (103) is provided between the two sub-plates (110). The second elastic element (103) is used to pull the two sub-plates (110) closer to each other. Each of the two sub-plates (110) is provided with at least one suction cup assembly (200) and at least one slot (101). The number and position of the tenons (300) match the number and position of the slots (101).

4. The energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to claim 3, characterized in that, The latch (300) is connected to the main beam (400); the openings of the suction cup assemblies (200) on the two sub-plates (110) are respectively facing the anti-fall beam blocks (510) on the corresponding sides.

5. An energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The slot (101) is a through slot, and the end of the tenon (300) protrudes from the slot (101). A tenon (310) is connected to the tenon (300). The tenon (310) is located on the side of the limiting plate (100) away from the second building component. The width of the tenon (310) is greater than the width of the slot (101).

6. The energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side of the tenon (310) facing the limiting plate (100) includes a spherical or ellipsoidal surface.

7. An energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a position sensor (104) for detecting the relative displacement between the main beam (400) and the pier (500), and the position sensor (104) is communicatively connected to the vacuum pump (210).

8. The energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to claim 7, characterized in that, The position sensor (104) includes a lidar.

9. An energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The suction cup assembly (200) has a friction pair inside, which is used to contact the first building component.

10. An energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device for bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The suction cup assembly (200) includes a rubber lip that surrounds an opening in the suction cup assembly (200).

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