Lubricating oil device, aero-engine and aircraft

Abstract

The invention relates to a lubricating oil device, an aero-engine and an aircraft, belongs to the technical field of aerospace, and aims at solving the problems that when an existing aircraft flies at high altitude, the temperature of an external lubricating oil tank is low, effective lubrication cannot be formed, and the amount of lubricating oil entering the engine is small due to low air pressure. The device comprises a lubricating oil tank, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, the first pipeline and the second pipeline are arranged outside the lubricating oil tank and extend into the lubricating oil tank; when the lubricating oil tank is in the first state, the first pipeline is communicated with the lubricating oil tank so as to heat the lubricating oil; and when the lubricating oil tank is in the second state, the second pipeline is communicated with the lubricating oil tank to pressurize the lubricating oil tank. The lubricating oil viscosity of the external lubricating oil tank of the aircraft is reduced, the pressure is increased, and pressurization and heating can be switched in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerospace technology, and more particularly to a lubricating oil device, an aircraft engine, and an aircraft. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most of the two-stroke piston engines used in small unmanned helicopters employ external oil tanks to provide lubrication for the moving parts inside the engine. Moreover, the lubricating oil in the oil tank, after entering the two-stroke piston engine for lubrication, does not flow back to the external oil tank but directly participates in combustion and is consumed.

[0003] However, due to the external oil tank and the lack of an oil return system, the oil viscosity is high when the ambient temperature is low, making it difficult to form an oil film for lubrication when it enters the engine. Furthermore, the atmospheric pressure at high altitudes is much lower than that at sea level, reducing the amount of oil from the external oil tank entering the engine, which leads to abnormal wear of internal mechanical components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a lubricating oil device, an aircraft engine, and an aircraft to solve the problems of insufficient lubrication due to low temperature in the external lubricating oil tank and insufficient lubricating oil entering the engine due to low air pressure during high-altitude flight of existing aircraft.

[0005] This invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a lubricating oil device, comprising an oil tank, a first pipeline, and a second pipeline; both the first pipeline and the second pipeline extend into the oil tank. When the lubricating oil tank is in the first state, the second pipeline is closed, and the first pipeline is connected to the lubricating oil tank to heat the lubricating oil; When the lubricating oil tank is in the second state, the first pipeline is closed, and the second pipeline is connected to the lubricating oil tank to pressurize the lubricating oil.

[0006] Furthermore, the lubricating oil tank also includes an end cap, on which a pressure relief hole is provided; In the first state, the pressure relief hole is open; in the second state, the pressure relief hole is closed.

[0007] Furthermore, the lubricating oil tank includes a tank body and an end cap, the end cap being disposed on the top of the tank body; the end cap is provided with a pressure relief hole; In the first state, the pressure relief hole is open; in the second state, the pressure relief hole is closed.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner wall of the top of the end cap is provided with a downwardly extending pressure relief channel; the pressure relief channel has a first end and a second end; The first end is connected to the pressure relief hole, and the second end is connected to the interior of the housing.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a blocking element that closes the second end, thereby closing the pressure relief hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the second pipeline has an extension portion that extends into the end cap; a pressure relief gap is formed between the extension portion and the second end.

[0011] Furthermore, the insertion part is coaxially arranged with the pressure relief channel; the end of the insertion part is provided with a first groove, and the second end of the pressure relief channel is provided with a second groove; When the blocking member is located in the first groove, the pressure relief hole is open; when the blocking member is located in the second groove, the pressure relief hole is closed.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a lubricating oil pump; the lubricating oil pump is connected to the lubricating oil tank, and the lubricating oil pump delivers the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil pump to the position to be lubricated through the oil delivery pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a control valve, through which the first pipeline and the second pipeline are respectively connected to an external gas supply pipeline; the control valve is used to open or close the first pipeline and the second pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a first sensor, which is disposed inside the lubricating oil tank and electrically connected to the control valve, and the first sensor is used to detect the lubricating oil temperature inside the lubricating oil tank; When the first sensor detects that the temperature of the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank is lower than a preset value, the control valve opens the first pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a second sensor, which is disposed inside the lubricating oil tank and electrically connected to the control valve, and the second sensor is used to detect the air pressure value inside the lubricating oil tank; When the second sensor detects that the air pressure in the lubricating oil tank is lower than a preset value, the control valve opens the second pipeline.

[0016] A second aspect of the present invention provides an aircraft engine, including a crankcase and the aforementioned lubrication device; The crankcase has a third line for supplying air to the first line and the second line.

[0017] A third aspect of the present invention provides an aircraft including the aforementioned aircraft engine. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention features a first pipeline connected to the lubricating oil tank and a second pipeline closed, directly heating the lubricating oil to quickly reduce its excessive viscosity at low temperatures, improving its fluidity and preventing delivery blockage and lubrication failure due to oil viscosity. This enhances the device's adaptability to low-temperature environments. The second pipeline, connected to the lubricating oil tank and the first pipeline closed, pressurizes the tank, providing sufficient pressure for oil output and reducing the problem of reduced oil volume caused by insufficient air pressure. This achieves stable and efficient oil supply, ensuring continuous and reliable operation of engine components. The first and second pipelines are adaptable to different conditions, effectively reducing energy consumption and improving the device's flexibility in adapting to different operating conditions. This solves the problems of external lubricating oil tanks in high-altitude aircraft where low temperatures and high oil viscosity prevent effective lubrication, low air pressure results in insufficient oil entering the engine, and severe wear on engine components.

[0018] 2. This invention incorporates a blocking element between the pressure relief channel and the extension portion of the second pipeline to achieve switching between pressure relief and pressurization. This solves the problems of excessive pressure during oil tank heating and pressure loss during pressurization. When the second pipeline starts pressurization, the airflow can push the blocking element to the second end of the pressure relief channel, sealing the pressure relief channel and pressure relief hole to prevent pressure leakage. This allows the pressure inside the oil tank to rise rapidly, meeting the pressure requirements for oil delivery. This invention has a simple structure, requires no additional complex control components, and achieves automatic switching between pressure relief and pressurization, improving the stability and reliability of the device operation.

[0019] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the lubricating oil device in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lubricating oil device in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the end cap of Example 1.

[0021] Figure label: 1-Oil tank; 11-End cap; 111-Pressure relief hole; 112-Protrusion; 113-Pressure relief channel; 1131-Second groove; 12-Box body; 2-First pipeline; 3-Second pipeline; 31-Extension; 311-First groove; 4-Control valve; 5-Blocking component; 6-Oil pump; 7-First sensor; 8-Second sensor; 9-Third pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1 One specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a lubricating oil device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes an oil tank 1, a first pipeline 2, and a second pipeline 3. Both the first pipeline 2 and the second pipeline 3 extend into the interior of the oil tank 1.

[0024] When the lubricating oil tank 1 is in the first state, the second pipeline 3 is closed, and the first pipeline 2 is connected to the lubricating oil tank 1 to heat the lubricating oil. When the lubricating oil tank 1 is in the second state, the first pipeline 2 is closed, and the second pipeline 3 is connected to the lubricating oil tank 1 to pressurize the lubricating oil.

[0025] To address the issues of low temperatures and high oil viscosity in external oil tanks of high-altitude aircraft, which hinder effective lubrication, low air pressure resulting in insufficient oil delivery to the engine and severe wear on engine components, this embodiment addresses these problems. The second pipeline 3 is closed, while the first pipeline 2 connects to the oil tank 1 to directly heat the oil. This rapidly reduces the excessively high viscosity of the oil at low temperatures, improving its fluidity and preventing delivery blockages and lubrication failures caused by viscous oil. This also enhances the device's adaptability to low-temperature environments. Furthermore, closing the first pipeline 2 and connecting the second pipeline 3 to the oil tank 1 pressurizes the tank, providing sufficient pressure for oil output and mitigating the problem of reduced oil volume due to insufficient air pressure. This ensures stable and efficient oil supply, allowing for continuous and reliable operation of engine components. This embodiment also reduces energy consumption and improves the device's flexibility in adapting to different operating conditions.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a control valve 4. The first pipeline 2 and the second pipeline 3 are connected in parallel and are respectively connected to the external air supply pipeline through the control valve 4. Both the first pipeline 2 and the second pipeline 3 extend into the oil tank 1.

[0027] Furthermore, the lubricating oil tank 1 also includes an end cap 11 and a tank body 12. The end cap 11 is disposed on the top of the tank body 12.

[0028] like Figure 2As shown, the end of the first pipe 2 is located inside the housing 12 of the lubricating oil tank 1. When the first pipe 2 is opened, hot air from the external air supply pipe is directly introduced into the housing 12 to heat the lubricating oil inside the housing 12. To improve heating efficiency, the portion of the first pipe 2 located inside the housing 12 is S-shaped, allowing the pipe to enter the lubricating oil and rapidly heat the oil with the heat from the pipe.

[0029] Considering that when the first pipeline 2 starts heating the lubricating oil, the excess gas generated in the housing 12 needs to be discharged in time to prevent pressure buildup from damaging the housing 12 and the pipeline, such as Figure 3 As shown, the end cap 11 of this embodiment is provided with a pressure relief hole 111. When the first pipeline 2 is opened, the pressure relief hole 111 is opened, and the gas in the tank is released from the pressure relief hole 111, which improves the operating safety of the lubricating oil tank 1 and the pipeline.

[0030] When the second pipeline 3 is started to increase pressure, in order to avoid pressure leakage, the pressure relief hole 111 needs to be sealed so that the pressure in the lubricating oil tank 1 can rise rapidly to meet the pressure requirements of lubricating oil delivery.

[0031] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the top inner wall of the end cap 11 has a downwardly extending protrusion 112. The protrusion 112 has a pressure relief channel 113 inside, which includes a first end and a second end. The first end communicates with the pressure relief hole 111, and the second end communicates with the interior of the lubricating oil tank 1. The hot air inside the tank 12 is dissipated to the outside of the tank 12 through the pressure relief channel 113 and the pressure relief hole 111.

[0032] To enable rapid switching between opening and closing of the pressure relief orifice in both states, allowing the device to quickly increase pressure during pressurization and quickly release pressure during heating, this embodiment further includes a blocking element 5. The blocking element 5 closes the second end of the pressure relief channel 113, thus closing the pressure relief orifice 111.

[0033] The second pipe 3 has an extension part 31 that extends into the end cap 11. A pressure relief gap is formed between the extension part 31 and the pressure relief channel 113 to facilitate air leakage and pressure relief through the pressure relief hole 111 and the pressure relief channel 113. When the second pipe 3 is opened, the hot air in the second pipe 3 enters the housing 12 of the lubricating oil tank 1 through the pressure relief gap.

[0034] For example, the extension portion 31 is coaxially arranged with the pressure relief channel 113. A first groove 311 is provided at the end of the extension portion 31, and a second groove 1131 is provided at the second end of the pressure relief channel 113. When the second pipe 3 is opened, the blocking member 5 is blown into the second groove 1131 by airflow, sealing the pressure relief channel 113 and the pressure relief hole 111; when the second pipe 3 is closed, the blocking member 5 falls back into the first groove 311, opening the pressure relief channel 113 and the pressure relief hole 111.

[0035] In this embodiment, the blocking member 5 is a sphere, and the first groove 311 and the second groove 1131 are hemispherical grooves or flared grooves.

[0036] In this embodiment, a blocking element 5 is provided between the pressure relief channel 113 and the extension 31 of the second pipeline 3 to realize the switching between pressure relief and pressure boosting. This solves the problems of excessive pressure when the lubricating oil tank 1 is heated and pressure loss when boosting. When the second pipeline 3 starts boosting, the airflow can push the blocking element 5 to the second end of the pressure relief channel 113, sealing the pressure relief channel 113 and the pressure relief hole 111 to prevent pressure leakage. This allows the pressure in the lubricating oil tank 1 to rise rapidly and meet the pressure requirements for lubricating oil delivery. This embodiment has a simple structure and does not require additional complex control components to realize automatic switching between pressure relief and pressure boosting, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the device operation.

[0037] Furthermore, to improve the starting efficiency and accuracy of the first pipeline 2 and the second pipeline 3, a first sensor 7 and a second sensor 8 are also included, which are disposed inside the lubricating oil tank 1. The first sensor 7 is used to detect the lubricating oil temperature inside the lubricating oil tank 1, and the second sensor 8 is used to detect the air pressure value inside the lubricating oil tank 1. The control valve 4 is electrically connected to the first sensor 7 and the second sensor 8.

[0038] When the first sensor 7 detects that the lubricating oil temperature in the lubricating oil tank 1 is lower than the preset value, the control valve 4 switches to the first pipeline 2 to promptly introduce hot air to heat the lubricating oil, thus avoiding the lubricating oil viscosity from increasing and the lubrication from being poorly transported due to low temperature, which would prevent the lubricating oil from failing to meet the lubrication requirements.

[0039] When the second sensor 8 detects that the air pressure value of the lubricating oil tank 1 is lower than the preset value, the control valve 4 switches to the second pipeline 3 to quickly pressurize the lubricating oil tank 1, so as to avoid oil supply delay and unstable flow caused by insufficient air pressure.

[0040] For example, when the ambient temperature is below -30 degrees Celsius, the lubricating oil viscosity is high, resulting in less lubricating oil entering the engine and severe internal wear. In this case, the oil tank 1 is in the first state, and the control valve 4 opens the first pipeline 2. When the pressure value is less than 0.7 bar, the oil tank 1 is in the second state, and the second pipeline 3 is opened.

[0041] This embodiment achieves precise and automatic regulation of lubricating oil temperature and oil tank pressure by setting a first sensor 7 and a second sensor 8 in the lubricating oil tank 1, in conjunction with a control valve 4, to realize automatic pipeline switching, ensuring stable operation of the device under different working conditions and improving the adaptability and reliability of the device.

[0042] Furthermore, it also includes an oil pump 6. The oil pump 6 is connected to the oil tank 1, and the oil pump 6 delivers the oil in the oil pump 6 to the position to be lubricated through the oil delivery pipe.

[0043] It should be noted that when the aircraft is in flight, if the second sensor does not detect that the air pressure in the oil tank 1 is lower than 60% of the set value, but the engine oil pressure sensor detects an abnormal pressure drop, then the oil pump 6 is determined to be malfunctioning, and the second pipeline 3 is opened. When the engine oil pressure sensor detects that the pressure is higher than 150% of the design value, the second pipeline 3 is closed, thereby realizing the dual redundancy function of the oil system.

[0044] Example 2 This embodiment discloses an aircraft engine, including a crankcase and the lubrication device of Embodiment 1.

[0045] The crankcase has a third pipe 9, which is connected to the first pipe 2 and the second pipe 3 via a control valve 4. The third pipe 9 is used to supply hot air to the first pipe 2 or the second pipe 3.

[0046] This embodiment directly utilizes the hot air from the engine's original crankcase to provide a temperature and pressure source for the lubricating oil tank 1, effectively reducing energy consumption, simplifying the device structure, and reducing the space occupied.

[0047] Furthermore, compared to the prior art, the aero-engine of this embodiment has the same advantages as the lubricating oil device of Embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0048] Example 3 This embodiment discloses an aircraft, including the aircraft engine of Embodiment 2.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the aircraft in this embodiment has the same advantages as the aero engine in embodiment 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lubricating oil device, characterized in that, It includes an oil tank (1), a first pipeline (2), and a second pipeline (3); both the first pipeline (2) and the second pipeline (3) extend into the oil tank (1); When the lubricating oil tank (1) is in the first state, the second pipeline (3) is closed, and the first pipeline (2) is connected to the lubricating oil tank (1) to heat the lubricating oil; When the lubricating oil tank (1) is in the second state, the first pipeline is closed (2), and the second pipeline (3) is connected to the lubricating oil tank (1) to pressurize the lubricating oil.

2. The lubricating oil device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lubricating oil tank (1) includes a tank body (12) and an end cap (11), the end cap (11) being disposed on the top of the tank body (12); the end cap (11) is provided with a pressure relief hole (111). In the first state, the pressure relief hole (111) is open; in the second state, the pressure relief hole (111) is closed.

3. The lubricating oil device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end cap (11) has a downwardly extending pressure relief channel (113) on the inner wall of its top end; the pressure relief channel (113) has a first end and a second end; The first end is connected to the pressure relief hole (111), and the second end is connected to the interior of the box (12).

4. The lubricating oil device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a blocking element (5); the blocking element (5) closes the second end, and the pressure relief hole (111) is closed.

5. The lubricating oil device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second pipeline (3) has an extension (31) that extends into the end cap (11) and a pressure relief gap is formed between the extension (31) and the second end.

6. The lubricating oil device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The extension part (31) is coaxially arranged with the pressure relief channel (113); the end of the extension part (31) is provided with a first groove (311), and the second end of the pressure relief channel (113) is provided with a second groove (1131). When the blocking member (5) is located in the first groove (311), the pressure relief hole (111) is closed; when the blocking member (5) is located in the second groove (1131), the pressure relief hole (111) is open.

7. The lubricating oil device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes a lubricating oil pump (6); the lubricating oil pump (6) is connected to the lubricating oil tank (1), and the lubricating oil pump (6) delivers the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil pump (6) to the position to be lubricated through the oil delivery pipe.

8. The lubricating oil device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a control valve (4), the first pipeline (2) and the second pipeline (3) are respectively connected to the external gas supply pipeline through the control valve (4), and the control valve (4) is used to open or close the first pipeline (2) and the second pipeline (3).

9. The lubricating oil device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a first sensor (7); the first sensor (7) is disposed in the lubricating oil tank (1) and is used to detect the lubricating oil temperature in the lubricating oil tank (1); the first sensor (7) is electrically connected to the control valve (4); When the first sensor (7) detects that the lubricating oil temperature in the lubricating oil tank (1) is lower than the preset value, the control valve (4) opens the first pipeline (2).

10. The lubricating oil device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a second sensor (8), which is disposed in the lubricating oil tank (1) and is used to detect the air pressure value in the lubricating oil tank (1); the second sensor (8) is electrically connected to the control valve (4); When the second sensor (8) detects that the air pressure value of the lubricating oil tank (1) is lower than the preset value, the control valve (4) opens the second pipeline (3).

11. An aircraft engine, characterized in that, Includes a crankcase and the lubrication device according to any one of claims 1-10; The crankcase has a third pipe (9) for supplying hot air to the first pipe (2) and the second pipe (3).

12. An aircraft, characterized in that, Including the aircraft engine as described in claim 11.

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