Transverse compression ignition hedging engine

Abstract

The invention discloses a transverse compression ignition hedging engine, and relates to the technical field of engines. The linear reciprocating piston engine comprises an air cylinder assembly, a linear reciprocating mechanism, a power transmission assembly and an oil-gas mixing pressurization assembly, air cylinders are arranged in a transverse array mode, power expansion can be achieved through number superposition of the air cylinders, and the linear reciprocating mechanism restrains a piston to do pure linear reciprocating motion. The power transmission assembly converts linear motion into rotating power through a gear and a planetary gear set, piston acting and asynchronous operation of a transmission shaft are achieved, and the oil-gas mixing pressurization assembly coaxially drives oil-gas pressurization blades through a waste gas turbine to pressurize an oil-gas mixture entering an air cylinder. The engine is compact in structure, high in power-to-weight ratio, flexible in power expansion, high in transmission efficiency, wide in torque adjusting range, small in piston abrasion, long in service life, sufficient in energy recycling, high in adaptability and capable of meeting the use requirements of high-power light-weight power equipment, combustion efficiency and power per liter are remarkably improved, and the piston is small in piston abrasion and long in service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine technology, and more specifically to a transverse compression ignition counter-current engine. Background Technology

[0002] Compression ignition engines (such as diesel engines) are widely used in various power equipment fields due to their high efficiency, durability, and high torque. However, traditional compression ignition engines have many inherent defects in their technical path, making it difficult to meet the requirements of aviation, high-end equipment and other fields for high power, lightweight and high compactness: First, traditional engines mostly adopt inline or V-type cylinder layouts, which limit the expansion of the number of cylinders, resulting in insufficient space for power improvement. Moreover, the dispersed layout leads to large engine size and heavy weight, making it difficult to improve the power-to-weight ratio. Second, the traditional mode of power transmission relies on the piston and connecting rod to drive the crankshaft. The piston's work is synchronized with the drive shaft, resulting in a narrow torque adjustment range, limited speed response, and high fuel consumption and maintenance costs. Third, the piston's movement trajectory is prone to deviation, resulting in high frictional loss on the cylinder wall, affecting combustion efficiency and engine lifespan. Fourth, the fuel-air mixing and turbocharging systems are mostly independently designed, relying on additional power for drive, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency and difficulty in significantly improving cylinder power output. Fifth, although traditional annular compression ignition counter-current engines have a certain degree of compactness, they have an inherent defect that power output cannot be effectively improved, limiting their adaptability.

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, there is an urgent need to develop an innovative compression ignition engine architecture. Through layout optimization, transmission innovation, and turbocharging system integration, this engine can overcome traditional technological bottlenecks and achieve a synergistic improvement in power-to-weight ratio, power output, reliability, and adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a transversely mounted compression ignition counter-current engine. To achieve the above objective, this invention adopts the following technical solution: A transverse compression ignition counter-jet engine, including: A cylinder assembly includes several cylinders arranged in a horizontal layout. Power expansion is achieved by stacking the number of cylinders. Each cylinder contains a piston. The linear reciprocating motion mechanism is connected to the piston and constrains the piston to perform linear reciprocating motion within the cylinder; The power transmission component converts the linear reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational power output through gear transmission, thereby achieving asynchronous operation between the piston's work and the engine's drive shaft. The oil-air mixture turbocharger uses an exhaust gas turbine to drive the oil-air mixture turbocharger, which adjusts the density and pressurizes the oil-air mixture entering the cylinder.

[0005] As an improvement, the linear reciprocating motion mechanism further includes a piston connecting rod, a piston connecting rod pin, a crank arm, a crank arm pin, and a connecting rod crank arm; The piston connecting rod is hinged to the piston via a piston connecting rod pin, and to the crank arm and connecting rod crank arm via a crank arm pin. The crank arm and connecting rod crank arm are fixed at both ends of the crank arm pin to constrain the piston connecting rod to only perform linear reciprocating motion.

[0006] As an improvement, the power transmission assembly includes a connecting rod drive gear, a flywheel gear, a planetary gear set, and a drive shaft drive gear; The connecting rod drive gear is fixedly connected to the connecting rod crank arm and meshes with the flywheel gear plate; The flywheel gear is connected to the planetary gear set for transmission. The planetary gear set meshes with the drive shaft gear, which is fixed to the engine drive shaft.

[0007] As an improvement, the planetary gear set is a planetary gear structure with three gears arranged in a triangle. The flywheel gear plate meshes with the ring gear of the planetary gear set, and the transmission shaft gear is located in the middle of the planetary gear set, with the planetary gear set meshing with the transmission shaft gear.

[0008] As an improvement, the oil-gas mixture turbocharger assembly includes an internal shaft channel, exhaust gas turbine blades symmetrically installed on both sides of the internal shaft channel, and an oil-gas turbocharger blade disposed between the two exhaust gas turbine blades; the exhaust gas turbine blades and the oil-gas turbocharger blades are coaxially arranged on the engine drive shaft, and the rotational power of the exhaust gas turbine blades is directly transmitted to the oil-gas turbocharger blades, realizing the synchronous linkage of oil-gas mixing and turbocharging.

[0009] As an improvement, the engine also includes an oil-gas booster housing and an exhaust turbine housing, which are respectively fitted onto the oil-gas booster blades and the exhaust turbine blades. The oil-gas booster housing is connected to the cylinder, and the exhaust turbine housing is provided with an exhaust pipe.

[0010] As an improvement, the number of cylinders is 4, 6, 8 or 12, and each cylinder is arranged in a horizontal array.

[0011] The advantages of this invention are: 1. This invention offers flexible power expansion and a significantly improved power-to-weight ratio. It adopts a transverse cylinder array layout, supporting the stacking of multiple cylinders such as 4, 6, 8, and 12. Power is increased directly through the expansion of the number of cylinders, breaking through the power limit of traditional engines. The transverse layout makes the engine structure compact, optimizes its size and weight, and greatly improves the power-to-weight ratio, meeting the requirements of aviation and heavy equipment for lightweight and high power. At the same time, it solves the inherent defect of traditional annular compression ignition counter-impact engines that cannot improve power output.

[0012] 2. This invention features high transmission efficiency, reduced fuel consumption and maintenance costs. It innovatively adopts a transmission structure of "connecting rod transmission gear - flywheel gear plate - planetary gear set" to replace the traditional crankshaft transmission, realizing asynchronous operation between piston power and transmission shaft. The flywheel gear plate provides ample torque, and the planetary gear set widens the speed adjustment range, enabling the engine to maintain high-efficiency operation under different working conditions, significantly reducing fuel consumption. The transmission components experience less wear, reducing maintenance frequency and significantly lowering maintenance costs.

[0013] 3. This invention results in less piston wear and extended engine life. The linear reciprocating motion mechanism, through a multi-link constraint design, strictly restricts the piston movement to a straight line, avoiding cylinder wall friction loss caused by lateral deviation, and significantly reducing the wear between the piston and cylinder wall; at the same time, it ensures cylinder sealing, improves combustion efficiency, reduces carbon deposits, and further extends the engine's service life. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the overall structure.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the shell structure.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the connection structure between the housing and the cylinder.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the blade.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a planetary gear set.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the flywheel gear.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a cylinder.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a linear reciprocating motion mechanism.

[0022] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of a linear reciprocating motion mechanism.

[0023] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the power transmission assembly.

[0024] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Cylinder assembly; 11. Cylinder; 12. Piston; 2. Linear reciprocating motion mechanism; 21. Piston connecting rod; 22. Piston connecting rod pin; 23. Crank arm; 24. Crank arm pin; 25. Connecting rod and crank arm; 3. Power transmission components; 31. Connecting rod transmission gear; 32. Flywheel gear; 33. Planetary gear set; 34. Drive shaft transmission gear; 35. Engine drive shaft; 4. Gas-oil mixture turbocharger assembly; 41. Internal shaft channel; 42. Exhaust gas turbine blades; 43. Gas-oil turbocharger blades; 44. Gas-oil turbocharger housing; 45. Exhaust gas turbine housing; 46. Exhaust pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" means at least two.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] The present invention will now be described in detail and specifically through specific embodiments to enable a better understanding of the invention. However, the following embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] This embodiment discloses a transversely mounted compression ignition counter-jet engine.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this embodiment includes a cylinder assembly 1, a linear reciprocating motion mechanism 2, a power transmission assembly 3, and an oil-air mixture turbocharger assembly 4. These components work together to generate, transmit, and optimize power. The overall technical solution and the structure, connection relationships, and working functions of each component are explained in detail below: Power extension core: such as Figure 3 , Figure 7 As shown, cylinder assembly 1 is the power generation unit of the engine, adopting a transverse layout design, consisting of several cylinders 11 arranged in a transverse array. The number of cylinders can be flexibly selected according to power requirements, such as 4, 6, 8, or 12 cylinders. This embodiment uses 4 cylinders. Power expansion is achieved directly by stacking the number of cylinders, breaking through the limitations of traditional engine layout on power enhancement. Each cylinder 11 has a piston 12 slidably installed inside. The piston 12 is precisely fitted with the inner wall of the cylinder 11. The piston 12 is driven by the compression ignition and expansion of the oil-air mixture in the cylinder 11, converting chemical energy into mechanical energy. The transverse array layout makes the overall engine structure compact, significantly optimizing volume and weight, and greatly improving the power-to-weight ratio. At the same time, it provides a reasonable spatial layout for the integration of the linear reciprocating motion mechanism 2 and the power transmission assembly 3, improving the engine's adaptability.

[0033] Motion constraints and efficiency improvement: such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the linear reciprocating motion mechanism 2 is connected to the piston 12. Its core function is to constrain the piston 12 to perform only pure linear reciprocating motion within the cylinder 11, avoiding cylinder wall wear caused by piston 12 deviation, and improving combustion efficiency and engine life. This mechanism includes a piston connecting rod 21, a piston connecting rod pin 22, a crank arm 23, a crank arm pin 24, and a connecting rod crank arm 25. These components form a multi-link linkage constraint structure: one end of the piston connecting rod 21 is hinged to the piston 12 via the piston connecting rod pin 22, allowing it to rotate flexibly with the piston 12; the other end is hinged to both the crank arm 23 and the connecting rod crank arm 25 via the crank arm pin 24. The crank arm 23 and the connecting rod crank arm 25 are respectively fixed to both ends of the crank arm pin 24, forming a symmetrical constraint structure. Through this multi-link collaborative design, the movement trajectory of the piston 12 is strictly limited to a straight line, ensuring that the piston 12 has no lateral deviation when it moves up and down in the cylinder 11, greatly reducing the frictional loss between the piston 12 and the cylinder 11 wall, while ensuring the sealing of the combustion space in the cylinder 11, and improving combustion efficiency and piston power efficiency.

[0034] Innovation in power transmission: such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 10 As shown, the core function of the power transmission component 3 is to convert the linear reciprocating motion of the piston 12 into rotational power output. By innovating the transmission path, it achieves asynchronous operation between the piston's work and the engine drive shaft 35, thus widening the torque and speed adjustment range. The component includes a connecting rod drive gear 31, a flywheel gear 32, a planetary gear set 33, and a drive shaft drive gear 34. The transmission path is clear and efficient: the connecting rod drive gear 31 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod crank arm 25 and rotates synchronously with the connecting rod crank arm 25. The connecting rod drive gear 31 meshes with the flywheel gear 32, transmitting the power generated by the piston to the flywheel gear 32. The flywheel gear 32 is connected to the planetary gear set 33, which adopts a planetary gear structure with three gears arranged in a triangle. The flywheel gear 32 meshes with the ring gear of the planetary gear set 33, and the power is transmitted to the planetary gears through the ring gear. The drive shaft drive gear 34 is located in the middle of the planetary gear set 33, and meshes with the planetary gear set 33. The drive shaft drive gear 34 is fixed on the engine drive shaft 35, ultimately outputting the rotational power to the external load.

[0035] This transmission structure differs from traditional crankshaft transmissions. Through the energy storage and buffering effect of the flywheel gear 32, a wider torque output can be obtained. At the same time, since the piston's work is transmitted to the transmission shaft through multiple gears, the piston movement and the transmission shaft rotation are asynchronously operated, enabling the torque adjustment to drive the output shaft to obtain a wider speed range, thereby achieving the advantages of low fuel consumption and low maintenance, as well as higher transmission efficiency and stronger structural stability.

[0036] Energy recovery and power enhancement: such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the air-fuel mixture turbocharger assembly 4 utilizes the energy of engine exhaust gas to drive turbocharging, achieving simultaneous adjustment of air-fuel mixture density and turbocharging, significantly improving the cylinder power-to-weight ratio. This assembly includes an internal shaft channel 41, exhaust gas turbine blades 42, air-fuel turbocharger blades 43, an air-fuel turbocharger housing 44, and an exhaust gas turbine housing 45, all coaxially integrated: the internal shaft channel 41 is a through-shaft structure; the exhaust gas turbine blades 42 are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the internal shaft channel 41; the air-fuel turbocharger blades 43 are positioned between the two exhaust gas turbine blades 42; and all three are coaxially fixed to the engine drive shaft 35 (or independently coaxially mounted, linked to the exhaust gas turbine via a transmission structure). The rotational power of the exhaust gas turbine blades 42 can be directly transmitted to the air-fuel turbocharger blades 43, achieving synchronous linkage.

[0037] The oil-gas turbocharger housing 44 and the exhaust gas turbine housing 45 are respectively fitted outside the oil-gas turbocharger blades 43 and the exhaust gas turbine blades 42, forming independent working chambers. The oil-gas turbocharger housing 44 is connected to the cylinder 11 through an air passage, which is used to deliver the pressurized oil-gas mixture to the cylinder 11. The exhaust gas turbine housing 45 is equipped with an exhaust pipe 46 for discharging exhaust gas. When the engine is running, the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder 11 enters the exhaust gas turbine housing 45 through the exhaust pipe 46, driving the exhaust gas turbine blades 42 on both sides to rotate at high speed. The exhaust gas turbine blades 42 drive the oil-gas turbocharger blades 43 in the middle to rotate synchronously through the built-in shaft channel 41. The oil-gas turbocharger blades 43 form a negative pressure in the oil-gas turbocharger housing 44, drawing in fuel and air and mixing them thoroughly. At the same time, the oil-gas mixture is pressurized, and the mixture density is increased before being delivered to the cylinder 11, which greatly improves the combustion power and efficiency in the cylinder 11 and significantly increases the cylinder power-to-weight ratio.

[0038] After the engine starts, the oil-air mixture supercharging assembly 4 drives the oil-air supercharging blades 43 through the exhaust gas turbine to deliver a high-density oil-air mixture to each transverse cylinder 11. The oil-air mixture is compressed and ignited in the cylinder 11, and the expansion pushes the piston 12 to perform a pure linear reciprocating motion. The piston 12 drives the connecting rod crank arm 25 to rotate through the linear reciprocating motion mechanism 2. The connecting rod crank arm 25 drives the connecting rod transmission gear 31 to rotate. The power is transmitted to the transmission gear 34 of the transmission shaft through the flywheel gear 32 and the planetary gear set 33, and finally outputs rotational power by the engine transmission shaft 35. By increasing the number of cylinders 11, the power can be directly expanded. The cooperation between the planetary gear set 33 and the flywheel gear 32 realizes flexible adjustment of torque and speed. The linear reciprocating motion mechanism 2 reduces piston wear, and the exhaust gas turbine linkage supercharging improves combustion efficiency, thus achieving a high-power, high-efficiency, and low-fuel-consumption power output.

[0039] Work process description Start-up and air-fuel mixture supercharging: After the engine starts, a small amount of fuel is burned in the cylinder 11 in the initial stage. The exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas turbine housing 45 and drives the exhaust gas turbine blades 42 on both sides to rotate. The exhaust gas turbine blades 42 drive the middle air-fuel supercharging blades 43 to rotate synchronously through the built-in shaft channel 41. The air-fuel supercharging blades 43 generate negative pressure in the air-fuel supercharging housing 44, draw in fuel and air and mix them thoroughly. At the same time, the mixture is supercharged and the high-density air-fuel mixture is delivered to each cylinder 11 through the air passage.

[0040] Piston work and linear motion: After the high-density oil-gas mixture enters the cylinder 11, it is compressed to the compression ignition point by the piston 12. The mixture burns and expands, generating a huge thrust, which pushes the piston 12 to make a pure linear reciprocating motion in the cylinder 11. The linear reciprocating motion mechanism 2 ensures that the piston 12 has no lateral deviation and only reciprocates along the axis of the cylinder 11 through the coordinated constraint of the piston connecting rod 21, the crank arm 23, and the connecting rod crank arm 25.

[0041] Power transmission and asynchronous output: The linear motion of piston 12 drives piston connecting rod 21 to swing, which in turn drives crank arm 23 and connecting rod crank arm 25 to rotate through crank arm pin 24; connecting rod crank arm 25 drives connecting rod transmission gear 31 to rotate, connecting rod transmission gear 31 meshes with flywheel gear 32, and transmits power to flywheel gear 32. After storing and buffering the power, flywheel gear 32 drives the ring gear of planetary gear set 33 to rotate; the ring gear drives the planetary gear to rotate, and the power is transmitted to transmission shaft transmission gear 34, and finally the engine transmission shaft 35 outputs rotational power, realizing asynchronous operation of piston work and transmission shaft.

[0042] Power regulation and continuous operation: According to the external load demand, the power intensity of cylinder 11 is changed by adjusting the fuel injection quantity. At the same time, the planetary gear set 33 and the flywheel gear 32 cooperate to flexibly adjust the torque and speed, so that the engine operates in the high-efficiency range. The exhaust gas after combustion continuously drives the exhaust gas turbine blades 42 to maintain the continuous operation of the fuel-air mixture supercharging and ensure the stability of the cylinder power. By increasing or decreasing the number of cylinders 11, this embodiment has 4 cylinders (if expanded to 12 cylinders), the power can be flexibly expanded to meet different load requirements.

[0043] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but they are merely examples, and the present invention is not equivalent to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications and substitutions to the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent transformations and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transversely mounted compression ignition counter-jet engine, characterized in that, include: The cylinder assembly (1) includes several cylinders (11) in a horizontal layout. Power expansion is achieved by stacking the number of cylinders. A piston (12) is provided inside the cylinder. The linear reciprocating motion mechanism (2) is connected to the piston and constrains the piston to make linear reciprocating motion in the cylinder; The power transmission component (3) converts the linear reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational power output through gear transmission; The oil-gas mixture supercharging component (4) uses an exhaust gas turbine to drive the oil-gas mixture supercharging device to adjust the density and pressurize the oil-gas mixture entering the cylinder.

2. The transverse compression ignition counter-jet engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear reciprocating motion mechanism (2) further includes a piston connecting rod (21), a piston connecting rod pin (22), a crank arm (23), a crank arm pin (24), and a connecting rod crank arm (25); the piston connecting rod (21) is hinged to the piston (12) through the piston connecting rod pin (22), and is hinged to the crank arm (23) and the connecting rod crank arm (25) through the crank arm pin (24). The crank arm (23) and the connecting rod crank arm (25) are fixed at both ends of the crank arm pin (24) to constrain the piston connecting rod to only perform linear reciprocating motion.

3. The transverse compression ignition counter-jet engine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power transmission assembly (3) includes a connecting rod drive gear (31), a flywheel gear (32), a planetary gear set (33), and a drive shaft drive gear (34); the connecting rod drive gear (31) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod crank arm (25) and meshes with the flywheel gear (32); the flywheel gear (32) is connected to the planetary gear set (33) in a transmission connection; the planetary gear set (33) meshes with the drive shaft drive gear (34), and the drive shaft drive gear (34) is fixed on the engine drive shaft (35).

4. The transversely mounted compression ignition counter-jet engine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The planetary gear set (33) is a planetary gear structure with three gears arranged in a triangle. The flywheel gear disk (32) meshes with the gear ring of the planetary gear set (33). The transmission shaft gear (34) is located in the middle of the planetary gear set (33). The planetary gear set (33) meshes with the transmission shaft gear (34).

5. The transversely mounted compression ignition counter-jet engine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The oil-gas mixture turbocharger assembly (4) includes an internal shaft channel (41), exhaust gas turbine blades (42) symmetrically installed on both sides of the internal shaft channel (41), and an oil-gas turbocharger blade (43) located between the two exhaust gas turbine blades (42). The exhaust gas turbine blades (42) and the oil-gas turbocharger blades (43) are coaxially arranged on the engine drive shaft (35). The rotational power of the exhaust gas turbine blades (42) is directly transmitted to the oil-gas turbocharger blades (43), realizing the synchronous linkage of oil-gas mixture and turbocharger.

6. The transverse compression ignition counter-jet engine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The engine also includes an oil-gas booster housing (44) and an exhaust turbine housing (45), which are respectively fitted on the oil-gas booster blades (43) and the exhaust turbine blades (42). The oil-gas booster housing (44) is connected to the cylinder (11), and the exhaust turbine housing (45) is provided with an exhaust pipe (46).

7. The transversely mounted compression ignition counter-jet engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of cylinders (11) is 4, 6, 8 or 12, and each cylinder is arranged in a horizontal array.

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