Rotary sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle, and belongs to the technical field of combustion chambers. One end of an anode shell is connected with an air inlet structure and used for air inlet, and one end of an oil pipe arranged on the side face of the anode shell is connected with the side face of a cathode connector; the anode shell is matched with the cathode connector to generate plasma sliding arc; one end of the cathode connector is connected with the air inlet structure through a cathode connecting rod, and the other end of the cathode connector is connected with the atomizing nozzle; and the cathode connector, the atomizing nozzle and the oil pipe are communicated in sequence to convey a medium to the atomizing nozzle for atomization. The nozzle is simple in structure and high in universality, the size and flow distribution are compatible with those of a traditional nozzle, and direct replacement can be achieved. Fuel oil is cracked into small molecular fuel by plasma arc, and fuel oil drop particles are refined to reduce the spray particle size, so that the combustion efficiency and the flame propagation speed are remarkably improved, and the combustion range is effectively widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a plasma atomizing nozzle, belonging to the field of combustion chamber technology. Background Technology

[0002] The combustion chamber is a core component of aero-engines and gas turbines. With the continuous upgrading of equipment, the performance requirements for combustion chambers in both military and civilian fields are increasing. Traditional ignition and combustion methods are no longer sufficient to meet the high-performance demands of modern combustion chambers, exhibiting significant shortcomings in ignition speed, delay time, combustion efficiency, combustion stability, outlet temperature field quality, and pollutant emission control. Against this backdrop, plasma ignition and combustion-assisted technology has gradually emerged as a new technology and has attracted widespread attention.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, a rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle is provided. A brief overview of the invention is given below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive summary of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or essential parts of the invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention:

[0006] A rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle, comprising:

[0007] One end of the anode housing is connected to the air intake structure for air intake, and one end of the oil pipe located on the side of the anode housing is connected to the side of the cathode connector; the anode housing and the cathode connector work together to generate a plasma sliding arc.

[0008] One end of the cathode connector is connected to the air intake structure via a cathode connecting rod, and the other end of the cathode connector is connected to the atomizing nozzle; the cathode connector, atomizing nozzle, and oil pipe are connected in sequence to deliver the medium to the atomizing nozzle for atomization.

[0009] Preferably, the anode housing includes a constant diameter section at one end and a tapered section at the other end, with the atomizing nozzle corresponding to the smallest diameter point of the tapered section of the anode housing.

[0010] Preferably, the anode housing and the cathode connector are coaxially arranged, and the minimum gap between the atomizing nozzle and the anode housing is 1 to 2 mm, to ensure that a plasma sliding arc is generated here.

[0011] Preferably, the air intake structure includes an insulating ceramic tube, a cyclone separator, a base, and a gas collecting chamber shell. The insulating ceramic tube, the cyclone separator, and the base are arranged coaxially from the inside to the outside. The cathode connecting rod passes through the central through hole of the insulating ceramic tube and is connected to one end of the cathode connector. The base is connected to the gas collecting chamber shell, and the other end of the base is threaded to one end of the anode shell.

[0012] Preferably, the blade angle of the hydrocyclone is 30-60°, the number of blades is 8-12, and the blades are evenly arranged circumferentially between the insulating ceramic tube and the base.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the insulating ceramic tube is connected to the cable connector.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a self-sensing system, the insulating ceramic tube is a three-step ceramic, the cathode connecting rod and the insulating ceramic tube are bonded together with insulating adhesive, the tail step of the insulating ceramic tube is axially fixed by the base and the cable joint, and the middle step of the insulating ceramic tube is connected to the hydrocyclone.

[0015] Preferably, the gas collecting chamber shell has a gas collecting chamber that communicates with the inside of the cyclone separator and the anode shell, and one side of the gas collecting chamber shell is connected to an external air pump through evenly arranged interfaces.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention features a simple and versatile structure, with dimensions and flow distribution compatible with traditional nozzles, allowing for direct replacement. It utilizes a plasma arc to break down fuel into smaller fuel molecules and refines fuel droplets to reduce spray diameter, thereby significantly improving combustion efficiency and flame propagation speed, and effectively widening the combustion range. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the anode housing of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cyclone separator of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the base of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the gas collection chamber of the present invention.

[0023] In the attached diagram: 1—Anode housing; 2—Atomizing nozzle; 3—Cathode connector; 4—Oil pipe; 5—Cathode connecting rod; 6—Insulating ceramic tube; 7—Hydrocyclone; 8—Base; 9—Gas collecting chamber; 10—Cable connector. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0025] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figure 1-5 This embodiment describes a rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle, comprising: an anode housing 1, an atomizing nozzle 2, a cathode connector 3, an oil pipe 4, a cathode connecting rod 5, and an air inlet structure;

[0026] One end of the anode housing 1 is fixedly connected to the other end of the air intake structure for air intake. One end of the oil pipe 4, which is fixedly installed on the side of the anode housing 1, extends into the anode housing 1 and connects to the side of the cathode connector 3. The anode housing 1 and the cathode connector 3 cooperate to generate a plasma sliding arc. The oil pipe 4 transports the medium to the atomizing nozzle 2 through the inner cavity of the cathode connector 3, and the atomizing nozzle 2 atomizes the medium and sprays it out from the anode housing 1.

[0027] One end of the cathode connector 3 is connected to the air intake structure via the cathode connecting rod 5, and the other end of the cathode connector 3 is connected to the atomizing nozzle 2; the cathode connector 3, the atomizing nozzle 2, and the oil pipe 4 are sequentially connected to form an oil pipeline, which transports the medium to the atomizing nozzle 2 for atomization; such as Figure 1 As shown, the atomizing nozzle 2, cathode connector 3, cathode connecting rod 5, and air intake structure are coaxially connected from left to right at the axis of the anode housing 1. The present invention has a simple structure and strong versatility. Its size and flow distribution are compatible with traditional nozzles and can be directly replaced. It uses plasma arc to crack fuel into small molecule fuel and refines fuel droplets to reduce spray particle size, thereby significantly improving combustion efficiency and flame propagation speed and effectively widening the combustion range.

[0028] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figure 1-5 This embodiment describes a rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle. The anode housing 1 includes a constant diameter section at one end and a funnel-shaped scaling section at the other end. The atomizing nozzle 2 is positioned corresponding to the smallest diameter section within the scaling section of the anode housing 1.

[0029] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figure 1-5 This embodiment describes a rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle, in which the anode housing 1 and the cathode connector 3 are coaxially arranged, and the minimum gap between the atomizing nozzle 2 and the anode housing 1 is 1 to 2 millimeters, to ensure that a plasma sliding arc is generated at this point (which may refer to the minimum gap).

[0030] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 1-5 This embodiment describes a rotary sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle. The air inlet structure includes an insulating ceramic tube 6, a cyclone separator 7, a base 8, and a gas collecting chamber shell 9. The insulating ceramic tube 6, the cyclone separator 7, and the base 8 are sequentially and coaxially fixedly connected from the inside to the outside. The cathode connecting rod 5 passes through the central through hole of the insulating ceramic tube 6 and is fixedly connected to one end of the cathode connector 3. The flange (middle base disc) in the middle of the sleeve of the base 8 is bolted to the other side of the gas collecting chamber shell 9 and is coaxially arranged. The other end of the base 8 is threaded to one end of the anode shell 1. That is, the left sleeve (front equal diameter section) of the base 8 is provided with an internal thread, and the right end of the anode shell 1 is provided with an external thread. Tightening the internal and external threads achieves a fixed connection between the relative positions of the base 8 and the anode shell 1.

[0031] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figure 1-5 This embodiment describes a rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle. The blade angle of the cyclone separator 7 is 30-60°, and the number of blades is 8-12. The blades are evenly arranged circumferentially between the insulating ceramic tube 6 and the left sleeve of the base 8. This invention utilizes the cyclone characteristics to generate air vortices, producing a plasma rotating arc, which then cracks the fuel, breaking the carbon chain of the fuel into low-carbon small molecules and active particles, improving combustion efficiency and flame propagation speed, and widening the combustion range.

[0032] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figure 1-5 This embodiment describes a rotary sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle, which further includes: a cable connector 10, one end of an insulating ceramic tube 6 being fixedly connected to the cable connector 10, and a gas collecting chamber shell 9 being fitted onto the right sleeve (tail section) of the base 8 and the cable connector 10.

[0033] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figure 1-5 This embodiment describes a rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle, which also includes a self-sensing system. The insulating ceramic tube 6 is a three-step ceramic tube. The cathode connecting rod 5 is bonded to the insulating ceramic tube 6 with insulating adhesive. The front and rear of the tail step of the insulating ceramic tube 6 are axially fixed by the base 8 and the cable connector 10, respectively. The middle step of the insulating ceramic tube 6 is connected to the cyclone separator 7. A rigid sleeve is fitted on one side of the front step of the insulating ceramic tube 6, and the other side of the sleeve is fitted on the cathode connector 3. The two ends of the sleeve are pressed against the vertical surfaces of the two side components.

[0034] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figure 1-5 This embodiment describes a rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle, which also includes a self-sensing system. The gas collecting chamber shell 9 has a gas collecting chamber that communicates with the inside of the cyclone separator 7 and the anode shell 1. One side of the gas collecting chamber shell 9 is connected to an external air pump through uniformly arranged interfaces to provide combustion aid.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] Combination Figure 1-5 The rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle shown includes:

[0037] like Figure 1 The diagram shows an anode housing 1, an atomizing nozzle 2, a cathode connector 3, an oil pipe 4, a cathode connecting rod 5, an insulating ceramic tube 6, a cyclone separator 7, a base 8, a gas collecting chamber housing 9, and a cable connector 10. The cyclone separator 7 is installed in the middle of the insulating ceramic tube 6, and the base 8 is installed outside the cyclone separator 7. The base 8, the cyclone separator 7, and the insulating ceramic tube 6 together constitute a cathode connecting rod mounting base with a cyclone separator. The cathode connecting rod 5 is installed inside the insulating ceramic tube 6. The cable connector 10 is connected to the tail of the base 8 by a thread. The base 8, the cable connector 10, the cathode connecting rod 5, and the anode housing 1 constitute a circuit loop. The gas collecting chamber housing 9 is installed on the outer end face of the tail of the base 8 and is coaxially installed with the cable connector 10. The gas collecting chamber housing 9, the base 8, and the cyclone separator 7 constitute an air intake structure. The tail of the cathode connector 3 is connected to the cathode connecting rod 5, and the front end is connected to the atomizing nozzle 2. The oil pipe 4 is installed in the middle of the cathode connector 3. The cathode connector 3, the atomizing nozzle 2, and the oil pipe 4 constitute an oil inlet pipeline.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, the atomizing nozzle 2 is connected to the cathode connector 3 by a thread, and its outlet is on the same plane as the minimum diameter of the scaling section of the anode housing 1, with a gap of 1 to 2 millimeters between them, to ensure that a plasma sliding arc is generated at this point.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the anode housing 1 is composed of a constant diameter section and a tapering section, and the tail of the anode housing is connected to the base 8 by a thread. The constant diameter section of the anode housing 1 has an opening in the middle and extends outward, and the expanding and contracting sections of its tapering section are respectively installed on the inner and outer walls of the combustion chamber.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the oil pipe 4 is connected to the cathode connector 3 through the opening of the equal diameter section of the anode shell 1. The two are coaxially installed, and the inside is insulated with ceramic or polytetrafluoroethylene, and sealed and fixed by the oil pipe sealing nut and the shell sealing nut. The inside is the opening in the middle section of the anode shell through which the oil pipe passes. Because the anode shell and the oil pipe are both metal, they are connected to the anode and the cathode respectively, and the middle is insulated by adding a ceramic ring or polytetrafluoroethylene ring.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the front section of the cathode connector 3 is externally threaded and connected to the atomizing nozzle 2, and the rear section of the cathode connector is internally threaded and connected to the cathode connecting rod 5. The middle section of the cathode connector is provided with a radial internal thread to connect to the oil pipe 4. Fuel flows into the atomizing nozzle 2 along the oil pipe 4 and the cathode connector 3 for atomization.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the outer diameter of the hydrocyclone 7 is equal to the inner diameter of the base 8, the inner diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the cathode connecting rod 5, the blade angle is 30-60°, and a total of 8-12 blades are evenly distributed between the inner and outer diameters and installed inside the base 8. Its radial end faces are fixed by the base 8 and the cathode connecting rod 5, and its axial end faces are fixed by the tail of the anode shell 1 and the base 8.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the insulating ceramic tube 6 is a three-step ceramic tube, and the cathode connecting rod 5 is bonded to the insulating ceramic tube 6 with insulating adhesive. The front and rear ends of the stepped end of the insulating ceramic tube 6 are axially fixed by the base 8 and the cable joint, respectively.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the base 8 includes a front equal-diameter section, a middle base disk, and a tail section. The equal-diameter section is threaded to the anode housing 1. Three bolt holes are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer side of the base disk, and it is fixed to the gas collecting chamber housing 9 by bolts. The inner opening of the base disk has the same diameter as the middle section of the insulating ceramic ring, and the inner and outer holes are evenly spaced as shown in the diagram. Figure 4 The three fan-shaped air intake channels in the left figure have an increased diameter at the tail of the base 8, which is connected to the cable connector 10 via a thread.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, the front side of the gas collecting chamber shell 9 is provided with bolt holes corresponding to the base 8, and the depth of the bolt holes is less than the wall thickness. Three quick-connect interfaces are evenly arranged on the rear side of the gas collecting chamber shell 9 to connect to an external air pump.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the cable connector 10 is assembled with the base 8 by threads, and the tail of the cable connector 10 protrudes inward to restrict the axial movement of the ceramic tube 6.

[0047] This invention mainly comprises an anode shell, an atomizing nozzle, a cathode connector, an oil pipe, a cathode connecting rod, an insulating ceramic tube, a cyclone separator, a base, a gas collecting chamber, and a cable connector. The aforementioned rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle utilizes cyclone characteristics to generate air vortices, producing a plasma rotating arc at its tip, thereby cracking the fuel and breaking down the carbon chains into low-carbon small molecules and active particles, improving combustion efficiency and flame propagation speed, and widening the combustion range. Furthermore, this invention has a simple structure, relatively low cost, and its size and flow distribution are compatible with traditional nozzles, making it suitable for various working conditions and possessing strong practical value.

[0048] The nozzle of this invention forms a simple circuit through an anode shell, a cyclone separator, and a cathode connector. Rotating gas (such as air) forms a vortex through the cyclone separator, directly blowing the sliding arc, causing the arc to rotate and cover the oil mist. Fuel is electrolyzed and atomized under the action of the sliding arc, achieving efficient fuel pyrolysis. The advantages are that it has a compact and simple structure, strong versatility, and its size and flow distribution are compatible with traditional nozzles, and it can directly replace traditional nozzles. Compared with the original head structure of fuel atomization ignition based on plasma excitation, the plasma arc of this nozzle acts directly on the atomized fuel to generate active particles, without the need for additional components such as dielectric barrier discharge.

[0049] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be permuted and combined. Those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities based on the mathematical knowledge of permutation and combination. Therefore, the present invention will not describe the technical solutions after permutation and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after permutation and combination have been disclosed by the present invention.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle, characterized in that: include: One end of the anode housing (1) is connected to the air intake structure for air intake, and one end of the oil pipe (4) located on the side of the anode housing (1) is connected to the side of the cathode connector (3); the anode housing (1) and the cathode connector (3) cooperate to generate a plasma sliding arc; One end of the cathode connector (3) is connected to the air intake structure through the cathode connecting rod (5), and the other end of the cathode connector (3) is connected to the atomizing nozzle (2); the cathode connector (3), the atomizing nozzle (2) and the oil pipe (4) are connected in sequence to transport the medium to the atomizing nozzle (2) for atomization.

2. The rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode housing (1) includes a constant diameter section at one end and a scaling section at the other end. The atomizing nozzle (2) is set at the minimum diameter of the scaling section of the anode housing (1).

3. The rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anode housing (1) is coaxially arranged with the cathode connector (3), and the minimum gap between the atomizing nozzle (2) and the anode housing (1) is 1 to 2 mm to ensure that a plasma sliding arc is generated here.

4. A rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The air intake structure includes an insulating ceramic tube (6), a cyclone separator (7), a base (8), and a gas collection chamber shell (9). The insulating ceramic tube (6), the cyclone separator (7), and the base (8) are arranged coaxially from the inside to the outside. The cathode connecting rod (5) passes through the central through hole of the insulating ceramic tube (6) and is connected to one end of the cathode connector (3). The base (8) is connected to the gas collection chamber shell (9), and the other end of the base (8) is threaded to one end of the anode shell (1).

5. A rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blade angle of the hydrocyclone (7) is 30-60°, the number of blades is 8-12, and the blades are evenly arranged circumferentially between the insulating ceramic tube (6) and the base (8).

6. The rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the insulating ceramic tube (6) is connected to the cable connector (10).

7. A rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a self-sensing system. The insulating ceramic tube (6) is a three-step ceramic. The cathode connecting rod (5) and the insulating ceramic tube (6) are bonded together with insulating glue. The tail step of the insulating ceramic tube (6) is axially fixed by the base (8) and the cable connector (10). The middle step of the insulating ceramic tube (6) is connected to the cyclone separator (7).

8. A rotating sliding arc plasma atomizing nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a self-sensing system. The gas collection chamber shell (9) has a gas collection chamber that communicates with the inside of the cyclone separator (7) and the anode shell (1). One side of the gas collection chamber shell (9) is connected to an external air pump through uniformly arranged interfaces.

Images