Optical display module and near-to-eye display equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an optical display module and near-to-eye display equipment. The optical display module is applied to the near-to-eye display equipment and comprises an optical machine, the optical machine is used for emitting image light, and the optical axis of the optical machine is matched with the length direction of glasses legs of the near-to-eye display equipment; the waveguide assembly comprises a waveguide substrate, a coupling-in device and a coupling-out device, the coupling-in device and the coupling-out device are arranged on the waveguide substrate, the coupling-in device is a transmission-type grating, the optical machine and the coupling-in device are located on the two sides of the waveguide substrate respectively, and the image light enters the waveguide substrate through the coupling-in device, is propagated in the waveguide substrate in a total reflection mode and is coupled out through the coupling-out device; and the reflecting device is arranged on one side, deviating from the waveguide substrate, of the coupling-in device and is used for reflecting the incident light to form emergent light parallel to an original propagation path of the incident light and guiding the emergent light to the coupling-in device. According to the optical display module, interference between an optical machine and the head of a wearer is effectively avoided, and the wearing comfort is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of near-eye display technology, and more particularly to an optical display module and a near-eye display device. Background Technology

[0002] Near-eye display devices are one of the core hardware components for realizing technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR). Among them, optical display solutions based on optical waveguides have become the mainstream technology due to their significant advantages in thinness, light transmittance, and flexibility in form factor design.

[0003] Please see Figure 1 In existing near-eye display devices, the optical display module 101 typically includes a projection optical engine 102 and an optical waveguide 103. To achieve functions such as binocular image merging, the projection optical engine 102 needs to incident image light onto the optical waveguide 103 at a specific tilt angle, which then guides the light into the user's eye 104. This arrangement requires the tail of the projection optical engine 102 to be deflected towards the user's temple. This deflection structure not only interferes with the user's head, affecting wearing comfort, but also makes the overall appearance of the device bulky and difficult to achieve a natural and compact form like ordinary glasses, thus hindering the popularization and application of near-eye display devices in the consumer market. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an optical display module and a near-eye display device. The optical display module effectively avoids interference between the optical engine and the wearer's head, improving wearing comfort.

[0005] This application provides an optical display module for use in near-eye display devices, the optical display module comprising: An optical engine, wherein the optical engine is used to emit image light, and the optical axis of the optical engine is matched with the length direction of the temple of the near-eye display device; A waveguide assembly includes a waveguide substrate, a coupling device and a coupling device disposed on the waveguide substrate, wherein the coupling device is a transmission grating, the optomechanical system and the coupling device are respectively located on both sides of the waveguide substrate, the image light enters the waveguide substrate through the coupling device and propagates within the waveguide substrate by total internal reflection, and is coupled out by the coupling device; A reflective device is disposed on the side of the coupling device away from the waveguide substrate, for reflecting incident light to form outgoing light parallel to the original propagation path of the incident light, and guiding the outgoing light to the coupling device.

[0006] In some embodiments, the reflective device includes at least one reflective unit having a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface connected to each other, wherein a first normal vector of the first reflective surface and a second normal vector of the second reflective surface form an angle, and the first normal vector and the second normal vector are coplanar.

[0007] In some embodiments, the reflective unit further includes a base surface, which is connected to the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface respectively. The base surface is disposed at an angle opposite to the angle formed by the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface, and the base surface is a light-transmitting surface.

[0008] In some embodiments, the reflective unit satisfies the following equation (1): (1) in, The first angle formed between the base surface and the first reflective surface. The angle between the incident light and the normal vector of the first reflecting surface is denoted as .

[0009] In some embodiments, after the incident light is reflected sequentially by the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface, the direction of the outgoing light satisfies the following: it is deflected in a direction parallel to the first plane formed by the first normal vector and the second normal vector, while in a direction perpendicular to the first plane, the directional components of the outgoing light and the incident light are equal in magnitude and have the same direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the unit vector of the emitted light Satisfy the following equation (5): (5); in, , , These are the components of the unit vector of the incident light in the x, y, and z directions; , These are the components of the normal vector of the first reflecting surface in the y and z directions; , These are the components of the normal vector of the second reflecting surface in the y and z directions; The angle between the incident light and the normal vector of the first reflecting surface; The angle between the light ray reflected by the first reflecting surface and the normal vector of the second reflecting surface; The angle is defined as the angle between the normal vector of the first reflecting surface and the normal vector of the second reflecting surface. In some embodiments, the optical display module further includes a polarization conversion device disposed in the optical path between the coupling device and the reflecting device.

[0011] In some embodiments, the polarization conversion device includes a quarter-wave plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the output device is a reflective grating, and both the output device and the input device are disposed on the same side of the waveguide substrate; or, the output device is a transmissive grating, and the output device and the input device are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the waveguide substrate.

[0013] This application also provides a near-eye display device, including the above-described optical display module.

[0014] In the optical display module and near-eye display device provided in this application embodiment, the incident light is reflected back along a parallel optical path by a reflective device, guiding it into the coupling device. Based on this, the optical engine does not need to tilt its optical axis towards the human eye to meet requirements such as binocular image convergence. Simultaneously, the optical axis of the optical engine matches the length direction of the temples, allowing the optical engine to be arranged outwards along the temple direction. Therefore, the tail of the optical engine can avoid deflecting towards the user's temples, reducing interference with the head, improving wearing comfort and a compact appearance, thus making the near-eye display device more similar in form to ordinary eyeglasses. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical display module in the background art provided for the embodiments of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an optical display module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of an optical display module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a third structure of an optical display module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the reflective device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflection unit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the reflective device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the reflective device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of the optical display module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth structure of the optical display module provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] This application provides an optical display module and a near-eye display device. The optical display module effectively avoids interference between the optical engine and the wearer's head, improving wearing comfort. The following is a detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Please see Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an optical display module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of an optical display module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] This application provides an optical display module 100, which can be applied to near-eye display devices, such as wearable devices like AR glasses. For example, the near-eye display device is a device in the form of glasses or a device in the form of a head-mounted display.

[0030] The optical display module 100 includes an optomechanical system 10, a waveguide assembly 20, and a reflective device 30.

[0031] The optical engine 10 is used to emit image light carrying display information. The optical axis of the optical engine 10 is matched with the length direction of the temple of the near-eye display device, such that the extension direction of the optical axis of the optical engine 10 extends along the temple. It can be understood that the optical axis of the optical engine 10 can be parallel or approximately parallel to the length direction of the temple, for example, the included angle between them can be 0° to 10°, such as 0°, 2°, 4°, 6°, 8° or 10°, etc.

[0032] In one embodiment, the optical engine 10 may be a micro-projection optical engine based on Micro-OLED (Micro Organic Light-Emitting Diode), Micro-LED (Micro Light-Emitting Diode), LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon), or LBS (Laser Beam Scanning) to meet the lightweight requirements of the optical display module 100.

[0033] The waveguide assembly 20 includes a waveguide substrate 21, a coupling device 22, and a coupling device 23. The coupling device 22 and the coupling device 23 are disposed on the waveguide substrate 21. The waveguide substrate 21 is made of a high-transmittance material, capable of supporting the propagation of light through total internal reflection. The optomechanical system 10 is correspondingly disposed with the coupling device 22. The image light enters the waveguide substrate 21 through the coupling device 22, propagates through total internal reflection, and is coupled out by the coupling device 23 to the wearer's eye 200.

[0034] At the same time, ambient light can pass through the waveguide substrate 21 and enter the human eye 200, thereby realizing the fusion of virtual image (image light) and real scene (ambient light) to form a visual experience that combines the virtual and the real.

[0035] The reflective device 30 is disposed in the optical path between the optomechanical system 10 and the coupling device 22, and is used to adjust the propagation direction of the image light. The configuration of the reflective device 30 ensures that the image light incident on the coupling device 22 and the image light emitted from the optomechanical system 10 have the same deflection trend relative to the normal of the waveguide substrate 21.

[0036] Understandable, such as Figure 1In conventional designs that do not employ parallel optical paths, in order to correctly guide the image light to the coupling region of the waveguide, the optical engine 102 often needs to deflect its optical axis at a certain angle toward the wearer's temple (i.e., toward the inside of the head). This tilted mounting method toward the head causes the tail (rear end) of the optical engine 102 to extend toward the head, encroaching on the already limited physical space near the temple. This makes it prone to collisions or interference with the side of the user's head, forcing the temples to be widened and thickened, resulting in a bulky appearance for near-eye display devices.

[0037] Compared to Figure 1 Based on the reflective device 30 provided in this solution, the image light emitted from the optomechanical 10 and propagating along the length of the telescope temple is reflected and deflected to the required angle, so that it can be accurately incident on the coupling device 22, thereby enabling... Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The optical engine 10 shown can achieve binocular focusing without needing to be tilted towards the wearer's temples. The tail of the optical engine 10 can be positioned away from the head, thus avoiding interference. This helps reduce the bulky appearance of near-eye display devices, making their shape closer to ordinary glasses, improving wearing comfort and user acceptance.

[0038] In some embodiments, the coupling device 22 includes at least one of a surface relief grating, a volume holographic grating, and a metasurface structure. The coupling device 23 includes at least one of a surface relief grating, a volume holographic grating, and a metasurface structure. Exemplarily, the coupling device 22 and / or the coupling device 23 interact with light through their micro / nano structures, for example, based on diffraction, refraction, or phase modulation principles, to couple light into or out of the waveguide substrate 21 accordingly.

[0039] In the first embodiment, such as Figure 3 To further optimize the optical path structure, the waveguide assembly 20 and the reflector 30 adopt a first structural configuration. In this first structural configuration, a parallel optical path folding channel is constructed on the side of the waveguide substrate 21 away from the coupling device 22 through the reflector 30, thereby supporting the matching of the optical axis of the optomechanical 10 with the length direction of the telescope temple, and its tail can always face outward, thereby eliminating spatial interference with the user's head.

[0040] The coupling device 22 is a reflective grating, and both the optomechanical system 10 and the coupling device 22 are located on the same side of the waveguide substrate 21. The reflective device 30 is disposed on the side of the waveguide substrate 21 away from the coupling device 22, and is used to reflect the incident light to form an outgoing light parallel to the propagation path of the incident light, and guide the outgoing light to the coupling device 22.

[0041] Specifically, the image light (incident light) emitted from the optomechanical system 10 first reaches the coupling device 22 on the same side. Since the initial state of the image light (such as polarization state or incident angle) may not satisfy the diffraction conditions of the coupling device 22, the light will be transmitted through the coupling device 22 and reach the reflective device 30 located on the opposite side of the waveguide substrate 21. The reflective device 30 folds the light back along a parallel path and guides it back to the coupling device 22. This time, the folded light (whose propagation direction or polarization state has been corrected) satisfies the diffraction conditions, and is thus efficiently coupled into the waveguide substrate 21 for total internal reflection propagation.

[0042] In the first structural configuration of this application embodiment, the wearing comfort of the near-eye display device is effectively improved, and a path is provided for achieving a thin and light appearance that is close to that of ordinary glasses.

[0043] In the second embodiment, such as Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the optical display module provided in the embodiments of this application. In order to further optimize the optical path structure, the waveguide component 20 and the reflective device 30 adopt a second structural configuration.

[0044] In this second structural configuration, the coupling device 22 is a transmission grating, and the optomechanical system 10 and the coupling device 22 are located on opposite sides of the waveguide substrate 21. The reflective device 30 is disposed on the side of the coupling device 22 away from the waveguide substrate 21, and is used to reflect the incident light to form an outgoing light parallel to the propagation path of the incident light, and guide the outgoing light to the coupling device 22.

[0045] Specifically, the image light emitted from the optomechanical system 10 passes through the waveguide substrate 21 and reaches the coupling device 22. Similarly, the initial state of the image light (such as polarization state or incident angle) may not reach the optimal coupling state and it may transmit through the coupling device 22. Subsequently, the light reaches the reflector 30 located behind it, is refracted parallel to the ground, and then shines again into the transmissive coupling device 22. At this time, the corrected light meets the conditions and is efficiently diffracted and coupled into the waveguide substrate 21.

[0046] In the second structural configuration of this application embodiment, the wearing comfort of the near-eye display device is effectively improved, and a path is provided for achieving a thin and light appearance that is close to that of ordinary glasses.

[0047] It is worth noting that the incident light and the image light point to the same physical beam, representing different functional positions of the same beam in the transmission path. To clarify their referential relationship in different component contexts: "image light" is used to refer to the beam in the entire optical path from the optical engine to its final entry into the human eye. Only when specifically describing the working principle of a reflective device, to emphasize its role as a reflective object, can "incident light" and "outgoing light" be used.

[0048] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of the reflective device provided in this application embodiment. The reflective device 30 is used to reflect the incident light in a direction parallel to the original incident direction, which can ensure that the propagation direction of the image light emitted from the optical engine 10 is corrected and kept parallel to the incident light after the reflection device 30 is applied. This allows it to cooperate effectively with the waveguide assembly 20, avoid image distortion, and ultimately support the layout of the tail of the optical engine 10 facing away from the wearer's head.

[0049] Please see Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflection unit provided in an embodiment of this application. The reflection device 30 includes at least one reflection unit 301, which has a first reflection surface 3011 and a second reflection surface 3012 connected to each other. The first normal vector of the first reflection surface 3011 and the second normal vector of the second reflection surface 3012 form an angle, and the first normal vector and the second normal vector are coplanar. The working mechanism of the reflection unit 301 is as follows: after the incident light undergoes a first reflection at the first reflection surface 3011, its propagation direction is changed; subsequently, the reflected light undergoes a second reflection at the second reflection surface 3012 to form the outgoing light. By designing the angle between the first normal vector and the second normal vector, the final outgoing light is parallel to the incident light. This design ensures that the propagation direction of the image light emitted from the optomechanical system 10 can be corrected and maintained after being processed by the reflection device 30, thereby meeting the coupling requirements of the subsequent waveguide assembly 20 and providing an optical basis for the outward layout of the optomechanical system 10.

[0050] Please see Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the reflective device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the reflective device provided in an embodiment of this application. The reflective device 30 may include a mirror-type reflective structure 31 or a prism-type reflective structure 32.

[0051] As a specific implementation method, such as Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 The reflector folding structure 31 includes a plurality of arrayed reflective units 301. Each reflective unit 301 has a first reflective surface 3011 and a second reflective surface 3012 that are connected to each other. The first normal vector of the first reflective surface 3011 and the second normal vector of the second reflective surface 3012 form an angle.

[0052] By adjusting the angle between the first normal vector and the second normal vector, the image light incident on the reflection unit 301 can be reflected sequentially by the first reflection surface 3011 and the second reflection surface 3012, and its outgoing light can maintain a propagation direction parallel to the incident light.

[0053] As another specific implementation method, such as Figure 6 as well as Figure 8 Similarly, the prism-type reflective structure 32 includes multiple arrayed reflective units 301, which can be microprisms. Each reflective unit 301 has a first reflective surface 3011 and a second reflective surface 3012 connected to each other. The first normal vector of the first reflective surface 3011 and the second normal vector of the second reflective surface 3012 form an angle. The incident light can be reflected successively by the first reflective surface 3011 and the second reflective surface 3012 of the same microprism, and finally reflected back along a path parallel to the original incident direction.

[0054] Please continue reading. Figure 6 The reflective unit 301 further includes a base surface 3013, which is connected to the first reflective surface 3011 and the second reflective surface 3012 respectively. The base surface 3013 is arranged at an angle opposite to the first reflective surface 3011 and the second reflective surface 3012, and the base surface 3013 is a light-transmitting surface.

[0055] It is worth noting that the substrate surface 3013 in this embodiment can be either a solid optical surface or a virtual reference surface. A solid surface typically corresponds to a support structure with actual material and an optical surface; a virtual surface is used to define the position and orientation of the reflection unit 301 in the optical system. It does not have solid material itself, but serves as a geometric reference in optical design. This design freedom helps to adapt to different integration processes and optical architecture requirements.

[0056] like Figure 6 The reflection unit 301 satisfies the following equation (1): (1) in, The first included angle formed between the base surface 3013 and the first reflective surface 3011. The angle between the incident light and the normal vector of the first reflecting surface 3011 is given.

[0057] The inequality (1) constrains the 3013 angle of inclination of the base surface. Angle of incidence 3011 with the first reflecting surface The matching relationship. The optical principle is that satisfying equation (1) is equivalent to ensuring the reflection angle of the incident light on the first reflecting surface 3011, so that the propagation direction of the reflected light is strictly limited to the spatial region pointing to the second reflecting surface 3012. If this condition is not satisfied, the light reflected by the first reflecting surface 3011 may deviate from the second reflecting surface 3012, resulting in the interruption or failure of the optical path, and the expected parallel reflection function cannot be achieved.

[0058] Equation (1) above shows that, from a geometric optics perspective, it ensures that the light rays incident on the first reflecting surface 3011 reach the second reflecting surface 3012 after being reflected by it, thereby completing the complete optical path folding process of two reflections.

[0059] In some embodiments, after the incident light is reflected sequentially by the first reflecting surface 3011 and the second reflecting surface 3012, the direction of the outgoing light satisfies the following: it is deflected in a direction parallel to the first plane formed by the first normal vector and the second normal vector, while in a direction perpendicular to the first plane, the outgoing light and the incident light have equal magnitudes and the same direction in terms of their directional components.

[0060] The unit vectors of the incident and outgoing rays, projected onto the normal to this plane, have the same sign and the same value. The relationship between the unit vectors of the incident and outgoing rays projected onto the first plane can be obtained through the law of reflection.

[0061] Specifically, when the first and second normal vectors are orthogonal, the unit vectors of the incident and outgoing rays, projected onto the first plane, have opposite signs but equal values. This is a special and efficient reflection state.

[0062] like Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 To enable universal quantitative design and analysis, a general mathematical model needs to be established. This will be illustrated using the example of the first plane coinciding with the yz plane of the Cartesian coordinate system.

[0063] Let the first normal vector be... Satisfying equation (2), the second normal vector Satisfy equation (3).

[0064] (2).

[0065] (3).

[0066] Let the unit vector of the incident light be... Satisfy equation (4).

[0067] (4).

[0068] The unit vector of the emitted light Satisfy the following equation (5): (5).

[0069] in, , , These are the components of the unit vector of the incident light in the x, y, and z directions; , These are the components of the normal vector of the first reflecting surface 3011 in the y and z directions; , These are the components of the normal vector of the second reflecting surface 3012 in the y and z directions; The angle between the incident light and the normal vector of the first reflecting surface 3011; The angle between the light rays reflected by the first reflecting surface 3011 and the normal vector of the second reflecting surface 3012; It is the angle between the normal vector of the first reflecting surface 3011 and the normal vector of the second reflecting surface 3012.

[0070] As can be seen from equation (5), the vector direction of the emitted light in the yz plane can be obtained through the angle between the first normal vector of the first reflecting surface 3011 and the second normal vector of the second reflecting surface 3012. To adjust. Through targeted design. The angle can be precisely and continuously adjusted to change the deflection angle of the outgoing light emitted through the reflector in the first plane, thereby matching it with the incident conditions required by the coupling device.

[0071] Please see Figure 9 And 10, Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of the optical display module provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 10 This is a fifth structural schematic diagram of the optical display module provided in this application embodiment. In this embodiment, for the application scenario where the coupling device 22 and the coupling device 23 are polarization-selective diffraction gratings (i.e., they only have efficient diffraction for light with a specific polarization state), in order to overcome the problem of decreased coupling efficiency caused by possible mismatch in the polarization state of the light emitted from the optomechanical 10, the optical display module 100 further includes a polarization conversion device 40, which is disposed between the coupling device 22 and the reflective device 30.

[0072] The polarization conversion device 40 is disposed in the optical path between the coupling device 22 and the reflecting device 30. Its core function is to change the polarization state of the passing light, adjusting it to a state compatible with the efficient diffraction conditions of the coupling device 22. The polarization conversion device 40 can be a quarter-wave plate, a half-wave plate, or a coated structure with specific polarization conversion function.

[0073] To illustrate its working mechanism, the following explanation uses a quarter-wave plate as an example of polarization conversion device 40.

[0074] The image light emitted from the optomechanical system 10 (e.g., first linearly polarized light) first reaches the coupling device 22. Since its polarization state fails to meet the optimal diffraction conditions of the grating, the light does not diffract and instead passes directly through the coupling device 22. The transmitted light then enters a quarter-wave plate. The quarter-wave plate converts it from linearly polarized light to circularly polarized light (e.g., right-handed circularly polarized light). This circularly polarized light continues to propagate to the reflecting device 30 and is reflected. The reflection process causes the rotation direction of the circularly polarized light to reverse (e.g., from right-handed to left-handed). The rotated circularly polarized light then passes back through the same quarter-wave plate in the opposite direction. This transmission converts the circularly polarized light back to linearly polarized light, but the polarization direction has rotated by 90° relative to the initial incident light, thus forming a second linearly polarized light that matches the diffraction conditions of the coupling device 22. When this second linearly polarized light reaches the coupling device 22 again, it undergoes efficient diffraction, is successfully coupled into the waveguide substrate 21 for total internal reflection propagation, and is finally output to the human eye 200 by the output device 23.

[0075] The polarization conversion device 40 provided in this application embodiment fundamentally solves the problem of diffraction efficiency loss caused by polarization mismatch, ensuring that the image light emitted from the optomechanical module 10 can be effectively guided into the waveguide, thereby improving the overall brightness and energy efficiency of the optical display module 100.

[0076] In the first embodiment described above, such as Figure 9 The polarization conversion device 40 is disposed between the waveguide substrate 21 and the reflective device 30, or the polarization conversion device 40 is disposed between the waveguide substrate 21 and the coupling device 22. Both embodiments ensure that the light undergoes polarization processing before and after striking the reflective device 30, ultimately achieving polarization matching with the coupling device 22.

[0077] In the second embodiment described above, such as Figure 10 The polarization conversion device 40 is disposed between the coupling device 22 and the reflective device 30 to ensure that the light undergoes polarization state processing before and after it is incident on the reflective device 30, and finally achieves polarization matching with the coupling device 22.

[0078] In the first embodiment described above, please continue to refer to... Figure 3 and Figure 9 Two optional implementation methods are provided for the implementation of the coupling device 23 in the waveguide assembly 20. These two methods are distinguished according to the physical type of the coupling device 23 and its relative position on the waveguide substrate 21.

[0079] In the first embodiment described above, such as Figure 3 The output device 23 is a reflective grating, and the output device 23 and the input device 22 are respectively disposed on both sides of the waveguide substrate 21. In this embodiment, when the image light propagating by total internal reflection within the waveguide substrate 21 reaches the output device 23 (reflective grating), it will be reflected out of the waveguide substrate 21 through diffraction effect and thus enter the human eye.

[0080] In the first embodiment described above, such as Figure 9 The output device 23 is a transmission grating, and both the output device 23 and the input device 22 are disposed on the same side of the waveguide substrate 21. In this embodiment, when the image light propagates within the waveguide substrate 21 to the output device 23 (transmission grating), it will be directly transmitted through the output device 23 via diffraction and eventually enter the human eye.

[0081] In the second embodiment described above, please continue to refer to... Figure 4 and Figure 10 Within the framework of the second structural configuration, two optional implementation methods are provided for the realization of the coupling device 23 in the waveguide assembly 20. These two methods are distinguished based on the physical type of the coupling device 23 and its relative position on the waveguide substrate 21.

[0082] In the second embodiment described above, such as Figure 4 The output device 23 is a transmission grating, and the output device 23 and the input device 22 are respectively disposed on both sides of the waveguide substrate 21. In this embodiment, when the image light propagates within the waveguide substrate 21 to the output device 23 (transmission grating), it will be directly transmitted out of that side of the waveguide substrate 21 through diffraction effect, and then enter the human eye.

[0083] In the second embodiment described above, such as Figure 10 The output device 23 is a reflective grating, and both the output device 23 and the input device 22 are disposed on the same side of the waveguide substrate 21. In this embodiment, when the image light propagating by total internal reflection within the waveguide substrate 21 reaches the output device 23 (reflective grating), it will be reflected out of the waveguide substrate 21 through diffraction and thus enter the human eye.

[0084] This application also provides a near-eye display device. The near-eye display device can be wearable smart glasses, including but not limited to commonly available AI glasses, camera glasses, XR glasses, audio glasses, and Bluetooth glasses. By forming a virtual image in front of the user's eyes and combining it with a real scene created by ambient light, the near-eye display device expands human perception and interaction methods. Through digital technology, it interacts with the real world, creating an enhanced, mixed reality experience. This provides wearers with a more intuitive and convenient content presentation experience, and it is rapidly developing in fields such as entertainment, gaming, education, healthcare, enterprise production, and social communication, demonstrating enormous potential and impact.

[0085] The near-eye display device includes the optical display module 100 described in the above embodiments. After integrating the optical display module 100 into the near-eye display device, the structural design of the near-eye display device can be optimized entirely based on the shape of ordinary glasses. There is no need to design a bulky shell structure to avoid the optical engine 10, which significantly reduces the overall thickness and weight of the near-eye display device, and makes its appearance closer to the simple shape of traditional glasses, improving the wearer's acceptance and daily use convenience.

[0086] The near-eye display device also includes temples and a frame. The temples have a cavity inside, which can house the optical engine 10 in the above embodiment. The optical axis of the optical engine matches the length direction of the temples of the near-eye display device. The frame can be used to fix the waveguide assembly 20 and / or the reflective device 30 in the above embodiment.

[0087] Furthermore, near-eye display devices integrate the main control chip, communication module, touchpad, camera, integrated circuit and power supply device into the near-eye display device so that the near-eye display device can work independently.

[0088] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0089] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0090] The optical display module and near-eye display device provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application, and the descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. An optical display module, characterized in that, The optical display module, used in near-eye display devices, includes: An optical engine, wherein the optical engine is used to emit image light, and the optical axis of the optical engine is matched with the length direction of the temple of the near-eye display device; A waveguide assembly includes a waveguide substrate, a coupling device and a coupling device disposed on the waveguide substrate, wherein the coupling device is a transmission grating, the optomechanical system and the coupling device are respectively located on both sides of the waveguide substrate, the image light enters the waveguide substrate through the coupling device and propagates within the waveguide substrate by total internal reflection, and is coupled out by the coupling device; A reflective device is disposed on the side of the coupling device away from the waveguide substrate, for reflecting incident light to form outgoing light parallel to the original propagation path of the incident light, and guiding the outgoing light to the coupling device.

2. The optical display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflective device includes at least one reflective unit, the reflective unit having a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface connected to each other, a first normal vector of the first reflective surface and a second normal vector of the second reflective surface forming an angle, and the first normal vector and the second normal vector being coplanar.

3. The optical display module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reflective unit further includes a base surface, which is connected to the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface respectively. The base surface is arranged at an angle opposite to the angle formed by the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface, and the base surface is a light-transmitting surface.

4. The optical display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reflective unit satisfies the following equation (1): （1） in, The first angle formed between the base surface and the first reflective surface. The angle between the incident light and the normal vector of the first reflecting surface is denoted as .

5. The optical display module according to claim 2, characterized in that, After the incident light is reflected sequentially by the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface, the direction of the outgoing light satisfies the following: it is deflected in a direction parallel to the first plane formed by the first normal vector and the second normal vector, while in a direction perpendicular to the first plane, the directional components of the outgoing light and the incident light are equal in magnitude and have the same direction.

6. The optical display module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The unit vector of the emitted light Satisfy the following equation (5): （5）； in, , , These are the components of the unit vector of the incident light in the x, y, and z directions; , These are the components of the normal vector of the first reflecting surface in the y and z directions; , These are the components of the normal vector of the second reflecting surface in the y and z directions; The angle between the incident light and the normal vector of the first reflecting surface; The angle between the light ray reflected by the first reflecting surface and the normal vector of the second reflecting surface; The angle between the normal vector of the first reflecting surface and the normal vector of the second reflecting surface is denoted as .

7. The optical display module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The optical display module further includes a polarization conversion device, which is disposed in the optical path between the coupling device and the reflective device.

8. The optical display module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The polarization conversion device includes a quarter-wave plate.

9. The optical display module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The output device is a reflective grating, and both the output device and the input device are disposed on the same side of the waveguide substrate; or, the output device is a transmissive grating, and the output device and the input device are disposed on opposite sides of the waveguide substrate.

10. A near-eye display device, characterized in that, Includes the optical display module as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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