Low-temperature self-adaptive intelligent emergency starting power supply and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a low-temperature self-adaptive intelligent emergency starting power supply and a control method thereof. The emergency starting power supply comprises an internal energy storage unit, an output interface unit, a working condition sensing unit, a power conversion unit, an active thermal management unit and a microprocessor unit. The control method acquires the real-time internal resistance and static voltage of the target battery and the ambient temperature through the working condition sensing unit, and activates the self-heating function in a low-temperature environment. The microprocessor unit matches the preliminary waveform based on a feature database, and corrects the feature sequence of the optimal discharge waveform by using the real-time internal resistance of the target battery. In the pulse output process, the real-time terminal voltage drop rate of the target battery is monitored in real time, and the duty cycle of the optimal discharge waveform is dynamically adjusted, or the pulse output is terminated. The application realizes a closed loop of sensing, preheating, matching, correction and feedback, improves the starting success rate in an extremely cold environment, and ensures the safety of the equipment and the target battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of emergency power supply and its power electronic control technology, specifically to a low-temperature adaptive intelligent emergency start-up power supply and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] In cold regions or extreme winter temperatures, the electrochemical activity of a car starter battery undergoes drastic changes due to its physical properties. This not only leads to a significant increase in the internal ohmic resistance of the starter battery but also severely limits the charge transfer rate. This alteration in electrochemical characteristics causes an abnormally drastic voltage drop at the output of the starter battery at the moment a starting load is applied, often resulting in a complete failure of the starting attempt on the target vehicle.

[0003] Currently available emergency jump starters do not perform ideally in such conditions. Most only offer simple constant voltage or fixed power output, failing to monitor the actual health status of car jump starters under varying aging levels or ambient temperatures. Furthermore, existing technologies generally lack effective thermal management and feedback mechanisms. The jump starter's own energy storage battery also faces reduced discharge capacity at low temperatures; without preheating, its output power will be significantly reduced. More critically, during high-current discharge, if the electrochemical polarization of the car jump starter battery plates cannot be monitored in real time, continuous high-power output will not only cause irreversible damage to the battery plates but also easily lead to overload damage to the internal power conversion unit of the jump starter, making it difficult to fundamentally guarantee the reliability and safety of the jump starter under complex climatic conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a low-temperature adaptive intelligent emergency start-up power supply and its control method, which aims to improve the start-up success rate in extremely cold environments while ensuring the safety of the internal energy storage unit and the target battery throughout the entire process through multi-dimensional operating condition perception and dynamic waveform correction.

[0005] The control method for a low-temperature adaptive intelligent emergency start-up power supply provided by this invention includes the following steps:

[0006] The system acquires the current ambient temperature and the comprehensive health status parameters of the target battery to be started in real time; the comprehensive health status parameters include at least the real-time internal resistance and static voltage of the target battery.

[0007] If the ambient temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the self-heating function inside the emergency start-up power supply is activated based on the difference between the ambient temperature and the preset temperature threshold, so that the internal energy storage unit of the emergency start-up power supply reaches the preset temperature state before formal discharge.

[0008] Based on a preset feature database, a preliminary discharge waveform corresponding to the ambient temperature and the static voltage of the target battery is matched for output by the emergency start-up power supply. The preliminary discharge waveform is then corrected using the real-time internal resistance of the target battery to generate a feature sequence of the optimal discharge waveform under the current operating conditions. The feature sequence includes the current amplitude, pulse width, and modulation frequency of the optimal discharge waveform.

[0009] The power conversion unit of the emergency start-up power supply is controlled to output pulses to the target battery according to the characteristic sequence. During the output process, the real-time terminal voltage of the target battery is monitored in real time. The duty cycle of the optimal discharge waveform is dynamically adjusted according to the rate of drop of the real-time terminal voltage over time, or the pulse output of the power conversion unit to the target battery is terminated.

[0010] Preferably, the step of correcting the initial discharge waveform using the real-time internal resistance of the target battery specifically includes:

[0011] The polarization voltage response characteristics of the target battery under the current operating conditions are determined based on the real-time internal resistance.

[0012] If the real-time internal resistance is higher than a preset safety threshold, the pulse width of the initial discharge waveform is reduced according to the polarization voltage response characteristics, and the interval time between the pulses of the initial discharge waveform is increased to generate the feature sequence.

[0013] Preferably, the real-time internal resistance is obtained in the following manner:

[0014] In the pre-detection stage before the formal pulse output is executed, a high-frequency weak perturbation current signal is applied to the target battery using the power conversion unit;

[0015] The terminal voltage response signal of the target battery is sampled synchronously. By analyzing the phase difference and amplitude ratio between the terminal voltage response signal and the high-frequency weak disturbance current signal, the complex impedance of the target battery is calculated. The real part characteristic of the ohmic internal resistance is decoupled from the complex impedance as the real internal resistance.

[0016] Preferably, a preset feature database stores standard discharge waveforms corresponding to different ambient temperatures and different static voltages of the target battery; the preliminary discharge waveform is matched, specifically including:

[0017] The real-time acquired ambient temperature and static voltage are used as index parameters to determine the target data range in the feature database;

[0018] Interpolation fitting is performed on the standard discharge waveform within the target data interval to obtain the preliminary discharge waveform that matches the current operating condition.

[0019] Preferably, the duty cycle of the optimal discharge waveform is dynamically adjusted according to the rate of drop of the real-time terminal voltage over time, or the pulse output of the power conversion unit to the target battery is terminated, specifically including:

[0020] The rate of drop of the real-time terminal voltage of the target battery over time is compared with the preset polarization critical slope.

[0021] If the rate of drop of the real-time terminal voltage over time exceeds the polarization critical slope, the energy release intensity is reduced by decreasing the duty cycle of the optimal discharge waveform.

[0022] If the rate of drop of the real-time terminal voltage over time still does not fall below the polarization critical slope after reducing the duty cycle of the optimal discharge waveform, then the pulse output of the power conversion unit to the target battery is immediately terminated.

[0023] Preferably, the working logic of the self-heating function is as follows:

[0024] The power conversion unit is driven to generate a high-frequency controlled pulse signal, and the internal resistance heat generation effect of the internal energy storage unit is used to raise the temperature of the internal energy storage unit.

[0025] If the temperature of the internal energy storage unit is lower than the preset auxiliary heating threshold, the electric heating element thermally coupled to the surface of the internal energy storage unit will be activated simultaneously.

[0026] Wherein, the auxiliary heating threshold is lower than the preset temperature threshold.

[0027] Preferably, after terminating the pulse output from the power conversion unit to the target battery, the control method further includes:

[0028] Record the ambient temperature, static voltage, real-time internal resistance, and startup result feedback information during the current startup process;

[0029] The recorded data is used as a learning sample to perform weighted correction on the standard discharge waveform in the preset feature database.

[0030] The present invention also provides a low-temperature adaptive intelligent emergency start-up power supply that implements the control method described in any of the above claims, comprising:

[0031] Internal energy storage unit, used to store and provide starting power;

[0032] The output interface unit is used to establish an electrical connection with the target battery to serve as a physical carrier for energy transmission and signal sampling.

[0033] The operating condition sensing unit is used to collect the real-time terminal voltage, static voltage and real-time internal resistance of the target battery in real time through the output interface unit, and to detect the ambient temperature and the temperature of the internal energy storage unit.

[0034] A power conversion unit, connected between the internal energy storage unit and the output interface unit, is used to modulate and execute pulse output to the target battery through the output interface unit;

[0035] An active thermal management unit, thermally coupled to the internal energy storage unit, is used to controllably execute the self-heating function in the control method;

[0036] The microprocessor unit stores the feature database and is electrically connected to the operating condition sensing unit, the power conversion unit, and the active thermal management unit, respectively, for running the control method.

[0037] Preferably, the active thermal management unit includes an electric heating element that is thermally coupled to the surface of the internal energy storage unit;

[0038] The microprocessor unit is also used to drive the electric heating element to work when the temperature of the internal energy storage unit is lower than a preset auxiliary heating threshold.

[0039] Wherein, the auxiliary heating threshold is lower than the preset temperature threshold.

[0040] One or more technical solutions provided in this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0041] This invention achieves significant technological advancements through a closed-loop chain of sensing, preheating, matching, correction, and feedback. It utilizes a temperature difference compensation mechanism between the current ambient temperature and a preset temperature threshold to activate the self-heating function of the emergency start-up power supply, ensuring that the internal energy storage unit of the emergency start-up power supply recovers to ideal dynamic characteristics before discharge, thus solving the problem of insufficient output power of emergency start-up power supplies in ultra-low temperature environments. Furthermore, by using the real-time internal resistance and static voltage of the target battery as core variables, it achieves personalized and precise start-up logic for target batteries in different health states, matching the optimal discharge waveform to the current operating conditions. The characteristic sequence greatly improves the success rate of emergency start-up power supply under complex working conditions; at the same time, the system has built a sensitive closed-loop feedback mechanism by closely monitoring the real-time terminal voltage drop rate of the target battery. It can automatically identify the abnormal collapse risk of the real-time terminal voltage of the target battery and dynamically adjust the duty cycle of the optimal discharge waveform to alleviate the polarization pressure of the target battery, or in extreme working conditions, it can provide forced protection by terminating the output of the power conversion unit. While ensuring start-up efficiency, it effectively avoids overload of the power devices inside the power conversion unit and secondary damage to the target battery, significantly improving the operational reliability of the equipment in harsh environments. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is an overall structural block diagram of the intelligent emergency start-up power supply provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 A flowchart of a control method for an intelligent emergency start-up power supply provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 100, emergency starting power supply; 10, internal energy storage unit; 20, output interface unit; 30, operating condition sensing unit; 40, power conversion unit; 50, active thermal management unit; 51, electric heating element; 60, microprocessor unit; 200, target battery. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the emergency start-up power supply 100 provided by this invention includes multiple core functional units. Among them, the internal energy storage unit 10 serves as an energy source, storing and providing starting electrical energy. In practical applications, this unit can use a high-rate lithium polymer battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery pack, or a supercapacitor pack as the carrier. The output interface unit 20 is responsible for establishing a physical and electrical connection with the external target battery 200. It typically includes a high-current fast-connection connector, a reverse-connection start-up clamp, and a feedback loop for voltage signal sampling.

[0047] The operating condition sensing unit 30 is connected to the internal energy storage unit 10 and the output interface unit 20, and is used to collect key parameters such as ambient temperature, real-time temperature of the internal energy storage unit 10, real-time terminal voltage of the target battery 200, and static voltage in real time. The microprocessor unit 60, as the control brain of the system, is electrically connected to the operating condition sensing unit 30, the power conversion unit 40, and the active thermal management unit 50, respectively. It stores a preset feature database internally for running the control method logic of the present invention.

[0048] The active thermal management unit 50 is thermally coupled to the internal energy storage unit 10, and an electric heating element 51 is integrated inside it. The electric heating element 51 can be a flexible polyimide heating film, a silicone heating element, or a positive temperature coefficient heater that is attached to the surface of the internal energy storage unit 10. Through close thermal contact with the internal energy storage unit 10, energy compensation is achieved at extremely low ambient temperatures.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the control method of the present invention is performed according to the following steps.

[0050] 1. Operating Condition Perception Phase (S1)

[0051] After the system starts, the microprocessor unit 60 drives the operating condition sensing unit 30 to perform data acquisition tasks. At this time, the system not only obtains the current ambient temperature, but also obtains the comprehensive health status parameters of the target battery 200 to be started through the output interface unit 20. The comprehensive health status parameters include the real-time internal resistance and static voltage of the target battery 200.

[0052] In acquiring the real-time internal resistance of the target battery 200, the system applies a high-frequency weak perturbation current signal to the target battery 200 using the power conversion unit 40. The microprocessor unit 60 simultaneously samples the terminal voltage response signal generated by the target battery 200. By analyzing the phase difference and amplitude ratio between the terminal voltage response signal and the high-frequency weak perturbation current signal, the complex impedance of the target battery 200 is calculated, and the real part characteristic representing the ohmic internal resistance is decoupled from it as the real-time internal resistance of the target battery 200. Compared with the traditional DC discharge method, this perturbation excitation method can more accurately separate the electrolyte impedance and polarization impedance, thus providing higher-dimensional data support for subsequent strategy generation.

[0053] 2. Start pretreatment and staged heating (S21-S22)

[0054] The microprocessor unit 60 determines whether the current ambient temperature is lower than a preset temperature threshold, for example, setting the preset temperature threshold between -10 degrees Celsius and 0 degrees Celsius.

[0055] If a low-temperature condition is triggered, the system activates its self-heating function. Specifically, if the temperature is only slightly below the threshold, the microprocessor unit 60 drives the power conversion unit 40 to generate a high-frequency controlled pulse signal, utilizing the internal resistance heat generation effect of the internal energy storage unit 10 to achieve internal temperature rise. This method has high energy utilization and fast thermal response. If the temperature of the internal energy storage unit 10 is lower than the preset auxiliary heating threshold, such as -20 degrees Celsius, the electric heating element 51 thermally coupled to the surface of the internal energy storage unit 10 is activated simultaneously. Through this synergistic effect of internal resistance heat generation and external conductive heating, it is ensured that the internal energy storage unit 10 reaches the preset temperature state before formal discharge, effectively solving the problem of battery discharge capacity degradation at ultra-low temperatures.

[0056] 3. Adaptive Strategy Generation (S3)

[0057] Once the temperature reaches the target range, the microprocessor unit 60 uses the real-time ambient temperature and the static voltage of the target battery 200 as index parameters to determine the target data range in a preset feature database. A preliminary discharge waveform is obtained by interpolating and fitting the standard discharge waveform within the target data range.

[0058] Subsequently, the system uses the real-time internal resistance of the target battery 200 to correct the initial discharge waveform and generate a characteristic sequence of the optimal discharge waveform. If the real-time internal resistance of the target battery 200 is higher than the safety threshold, it indicates that the battery is severely aged or the plate activity is extremely low. In this case, the system will reduce the pulse width of the optimal discharge waveform and increase the pulse interval time to prevent the large current from directly causing irreversible polarization damage to the target battery 200. This greatly improves the compatibility with target batteries 200 with different residual lifespans.

[0059] 4. Closed-loop pulse execution and dynamic protection (S41-S45)

[0060] The microprocessor unit 60 controls the power conversion unit 40 to perform pulse output to the target battery 200 according to the characteristic sequence. During the output process, the system monitors the rate of drop of the real-time terminal voltage of the target battery 200 over time.

[0061] The specific logic is as follows: The microprocessor unit 60 compares the drop rate with the preset polarization critical slope in real time. If the drop rate exceeds the polarization critical slope, it is determined that the target battery 200 is in a state of over-polarization or voltage collapse risk. The system then executes step S43 to reduce the energy release intensity by decreasing the duty cycle of the optimal discharge waveform in an attempt to guide the voltage back to steady state.

[0062] If, after reducing the duty cycle, the rate of voltage drop of the target battery 200 does not fall below the polarization critical slope within the preset time window, it indicates that the target battery 200 may have a short circuit or complete failure. The system immediately executes step S45 to terminate the pulse output of the power conversion unit 40. This hierarchical protection mechanism ensures startup efficiency while effectively mitigating the risk of power device damage due to surge impacts, significantly improving the operational reliability of the equipment in harsh environments.

[0063] At the hardware implementation level, as an alternative to the power conversion unit 40, in addition to adopting a typical buck converter topology, a buck-boost topology can also be used as needed to maintain a constant pulse output amplitude even when the internal energy storage unit 10 has low power. Furthermore, after the microprocessor unit 60 stops outputting, a model iteration step can be added to record ambient temperature, internal resistance, and startup result feedback. These are used as learning samples to weighted correct the feature database, enabling the system to have better self-evolution capabilities in subsequent use.

[0064] It should be understood that the examples of specific parameters and hardware types given above are only for the purpose of making the present invention easier to understand, and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A control method for a low-temperature adaptive intelligent emergency start-up power supply, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The system acquires the current ambient temperature and the comprehensive health status parameters of the target battery to be started in real time; the comprehensive health status parameters include at least the real-time internal resistance and static voltage of the target battery. If the ambient temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the self-heating function inside the emergency start-up power supply is activated based on the difference between the ambient temperature and the preset temperature threshold, so that the internal energy storage unit of the emergency start-up power supply reaches the preset temperature state before formal discharge. Based on a preset feature database, a preliminary discharge waveform corresponding to the ambient temperature and the static voltage of the target battery is matched for output by the emergency start-up power supply. The preliminary discharge waveform is then corrected using the real-time internal resistance of the target battery to generate a feature sequence of the optimal discharge waveform under the current operating conditions. The feature sequence includes the current amplitude, pulse width, and modulation frequency of the optimal discharge waveform. The power conversion unit of the emergency start-up power supply is controlled to output pulses to the target battery according to the characteristic sequence. During the output process, the real-time terminal voltage of the target battery is monitored in real time. The duty cycle of the optimal discharge waveform is dynamically adjusted according to the rate of drop of the real-time terminal voltage over time, or the pulse output of the power conversion unit to the target battery is terminated.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of correcting the initial discharge waveform using the real-time internal resistance of the target battery specifically includes: The polarization voltage response characteristics of the target battery under the current operating conditions are determined based on the real-time internal resistance. If the real-time internal resistance is higher than a preset safety threshold, the pulse width of the initial discharge waveform is reduced according to the polarization voltage response characteristics, and the interval time between the pulses of the initial discharge waveform is increased to generate the feature sequence.

3. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time internal resistance is obtained in the following way: In the pre-detection stage before the formal pulse output is executed, a high-frequency weak perturbation current signal is applied to the target battery using the power conversion unit; The terminal voltage response signal of the target battery is sampled synchronously. By analyzing the phase difference and amplitude ratio between the terminal voltage response signal and the high-frequency weak disturbance current signal, the complex impedance of the target battery is calculated. The real part characteristic of the ohmic internal resistance is decoupled from the complex impedance as the real internal resistance.

4. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset feature database stores standard discharge waveforms corresponding to different ambient temperatures and different static voltages of the target battery; the preliminary discharge waveform is matched, specifically including: The real-time acquired ambient temperature and static voltage are used as index parameters to determine the target data range in the feature database; Interpolation fitting is performed on the standard discharge waveform within the target data interval to obtain the preliminary discharge waveform that matches the current operating condition.

5. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The duty cycle of the optimal discharge waveform is dynamically adjusted based on the rate of drop of the real-time terminal voltage over time, or the pulse output of the power conversion unit to the target battery is terminated, specifically including: The rate of drop of the real-time terminal voltage of the target battery over time is compared with the preset polarization critical slope. If the rate of drop of the real-time terminal voltage over time exceeds the polarization critical slope, the energy release intensity is reduced by decreasing the duty cycle of the optimal discharge waveform. If the rate of drop of the real-time terminal voltage over time still does not fall below the polarization critical slope after reducing the duty cycle of the optimal discharge waveform, then the pulse output of the power conversion unit to the target battery is immediately terminated.

6. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working logic of the self-heating function is as follows: The power conversion unit is driven to generate a high-frequency controlled pulse signal, and the internal resistance heat generation effect of the internal energy storage unit is used to raise the temperature of the internal energy storage unit. If the temperature of the internal energy storage unit is lower than the preset auxiliary heating threshold, the electric heating element thermally coupled to the surface of the internal energy storage unit will be activated simultaneously. Wherein, the auxiliary heating threshold is lower than the preset temperature threshold.

7. The control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After terminating the pulse output from the power conversion unit to the target battery, the control method further includes: Record the ambient temperature, static voltage, real-time internal resistance, and startup result feedback information during the current startup process; The recorded data is used as a learning sample to perform weighted correction on the standard discharge waveform in the preset feature database.

8. A low-temperature adaptive intelligent emergency start-up power supply that implements the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: Internal energy storage unit, used to store and provide starting power; The output interface unit is used to establish an electrical connection with the target battery to serve as a physical carrier for energy transmission and signal sampling. The operating condition sensing unit is used to collect the real-time terminal voltage, static voltage and real-time internal resistance of the target battery in real time through the output interface unit, and to detect the ambient temperature and the temperature of the internal energy storage unit. A power conversion unit, connected between the internal energy storage unit and the output interface unit, is used to modulate and execute pulse output to the target battery through the output interface unit; An active thermal management unit, thermally coupled to the internal energy storage unit, is used to controllably execute the self-heating function in the control method; The microprocessor unit stores the feature database and is electrically connected to the operating condition sensing unit, the power conversion unit, and the active thermal management unit, respectively, for running the control method.

9. The intelligent emergency start-up power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that, The active thermal management unit includes an electric heating element, which is thermally coupled to the surface of the internal energy storage unit. The microprocessor unit is also used to drive the electric heating element to work when the temperature of the internal energy storage unit is lower than a preset auxiliary heating threshold. Wherein, the auxiliary heating threshold is lower than the preset temperature threshold.

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