Process and equipment for continuously producing biodiesel from waste oil by biological method

Abstract

The application discloses a waste oil and fat biological continuous skid-mounted type biodiesel preparation equipment, which comprises a casing, a stirring barrel is rotationally connected to the top surface of the casing, a feeding hole is formed in the top surface of the stirring barrel, a plurality of first heaters are installed on the circumferential outer side of the stirring barrel, and a plurality of stirring assemblies are installed in the stirring barrel. The application realizes the purposes of efficient crushing, uniform fusion and sufficient reaction of soapstock, and also realizes the purposes of slowly eccentric rotating of the sedimentation barrel driven by the eccentric shaft, forming an alternating flow field, promoting the three-phase separation of oil, water and slag, and strengthening the sedimentation effect, shortening the sedimentation period through the micro-vibration mechanism. The knocking vibration mechanism is used for reducing the hanging material of the barrel wall, improving the stirring efficiency and guaranteeing the sufficiency of the reaction. The hollow rotating shaft, the transfer cylinder and the nozzle are used for guaranteeing the accurate dispersion of the reagent, saving the reagent consumption and improving the reaction quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biodiesel preparation technology, and in particular to a continuous skid-mounted process and equipment for preparing biodiesel from waste oil. Background Technology

[0002] The core function of this waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment is to utilize waste oils such as soapstock through bio-enzymatic treatment, stirring and blending, and sedimentation separation to continuously produce biodiesel. It is compact, portable, and suitable for small to medium-sized production scenarios. Existing processes often use fixed-blade agitators in the stirring stage, rotating materials in only one direction, combined with external heating, to break down soapstock and mix chemicals. This results in a simple overall structure and limited functionality.

[0003] However, existing fixed-blade stirring angles are not adjustable, which cannot meet the needs of soapstock throughout the entire process from semi-solid crushing to fluidization and fusion. During crushing, there is high resistance and uneven pulverization. During fusion, it is difficult to form a convective flow field, resulting in uneven dispersion of the reagents. It is necessary to extend the stirring time to achieve the basic reaction requirements. Moreover, after the material is stirred, it enters the static sedimentation stage. There is a lack of auxiliary sedimentation-promoting structures, making it difficult for oil droplets and colloidal particles to quickly aggregate. The emulsion film cannot be effectively destroyed, and the residue phase is easily loose and suspended, resulting in a natural sedimentation time of more than 8 hours, which seriously affects the continuity and efficiency of production. In view of this, the present invention proposes a continuous skid-mounted process and equipment for the preparation of biodiesel from waste oil. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a continuous skid-mounted process and equipment for the biodiesel production from waste oils.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A continuous skid-mounted process and equipment for producing biodiesel from waste oil includes a housing. A stirring tank is rotatably connected to the top surface of the housing. A feeding hole is provided on the top surface of the stirring tank. Multiple first heaters are installed on the outer circumference of the stirring tank. Multiple stirring components are installed inside the stirring tank. Each stirring component includes a hollow rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the top wall of the stirring tank. A first driving mechanism is provided on the top surface of the stirring tank, driving the multiple stirring components to rotate. An eccentric shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the housing. A sedimentation tank is fixedly installed at the top of the eccentric shaft and is connected to the stirring tank. The eccentric shaft is eccentrically positioned on the bottom surface of the sedimentation tank. A second driving mechanism is provided on the housing, driving the sedimentation tank to rotate eccentrically and driving the stirring tank to rotate. A micro-vibration mechanism is installed inside the housing, causing the sedimentation tank to vibrate at a low frequency. A striking vibration mechanism is installed on the top surface of the housing, causing the stirring tank to vibrate by striking.

[0006] Preferably, the multi-stage stirring assembly further includes two rings, which are respectively installed on the upper and lower outer sides of the hollow rotating shaft. Multiple vertical plates are installed between the two rings. Multiple stirring blades are rotatably connected to one side of each vertical plate and the outer side of the hollow rotating shaft. Multiple blades are installed on the side of each stirring blade that rotates in the same direction as the hollow rotating shaft. Several pulverizing teeth are provided on the inner top and bottom walls of each stirring blade. Multiple nozzles are installed on the side of each stirring blade that rotates in the opposite direction to the hollow rotating shaft. Multiple angle adjustment mechanisms are provided inside the hollow rotating shaft, and each angle adjustment mechanism drives a corresponding row of stirring blades to rotate. Multiple elastic elements are installed on the outer side of each vertical plate, and a scraper is installed at the other end of each elastic element. The outer side of each scraper abuts against the inner wall of the stirring tank. Multiple disturbance plates are installed on the outer side of the bottom end of the hollow rotating shaft, and each disturbance plate contacts the conical sidewall of the stirring tank. Each disturbance plate is inclined and used to scoop up materials.

[0007] Preferably, each of the angle adjustment mechanisms includes an electric telescopic rod, and each electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the top wall of the hollow rotating shaft. A toothed plate is installed at the bottom end of each electric telescopic rod. One end of each stirring blade is fixed and connected to a connecting pipe, and each connecting pipe is rotatably connected to the corresponding hollow rotating shaft. A connecting gear is installed on the outside of each connecting pipe, and each toothed plate meshes with the corresponding connecting gear.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of transfer cylinders are arranged inside the hollow rotating shaft from top to bottom, and each of the connecting pipes is connected to the corresponding transfer cylinder through a first rotary joint. Every two adjacent transfer cylinders are connected by a connecting pipe. A feeding hopper is installed at the top of the hollow rotating shaft, and the feeding hopper is connected to the top transfer cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the micro-vibration mechanism includes a fixed ring, which is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing. A plurality of rotating balls are provided at one end of the bottom surface of the sedimentation tank. A plurality of elastic plates are equidistantly distributed on the top surface of the fixed ring, and each elastic plate is arc-shaped. Each rotating ball abuts against the inclined surface of the corresponding elastic plate.

[0010] Preferably, the striking vibration mechanism includes a mounting base, which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the housing. A spring telescopic rod is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the mounting base, and a striking ball is mounted on the other end of the spring telescopic rod. A mounting ring is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the mixing tank, and multiple inclined plates are equidistantly mounted on the outer circumference of the mounting ring. The inclination direction of each inclined plate is opposite to the rotation direction of the mixing tank, and the striking ball abuts against the inclined surface of the corresponding inclined plate.

[0011] Preferably, the second drive mechanism includes a second motor, which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the housing. The bottom output shaft of the second motor is coaxially connected to a pivot. A first linkage gear ring is mounted on the outer side of the mixing tank. A first linkage gear is mounted on the outer side of the pivot, and the first linkage gear meshes with the first linkage gear ring. A second linkage gear ring is mounted on the outer side of the eccentric shaft. A second linkage gear is mounted on the outer side of the pivot, and the second linkage gear ring meshes with the second linkage gear.

[0012] Preferably, the first driving mechanism includes a first motor, which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the stirring tank. Synchronous pulleys are mounted on the outer top of the hollow rotating shaft and on the outer side of the output shaft of the first motor. A synchronous belt is fitted onto both synchronous pulleys. The stirring tank is connected to the sedimentation tank via a guide pipe. Both ends of the guide pipe are connected to the corresponding stirring tank and sedimentation tank via second rotary joints. The guide pipe is concentrically arranged with the eccentric shaft and the stirring tank. A valve is installed on the outer side of the guide pipe. A conical cavity is provided on the inner bottom wall of the sedimentation tank. Multiple second heaters are equidistantly installed on the inner circumference of the sedimentation tank shell. A guide plate is installed inside the sedimentation tank. A drain pipe and a slag discharge pipe are fixedly connected and connected to the outer side of the sedimentation tank. A cover is rotatably connected to the outer side of the casing, and a controller is installed on the outer side of the cover.

[0013] A continuous skid-mounted process for producing biodiesel from waste oil, characterized by comprising the following continuous steps: Step 1, Bioenzymatic treatment of soap residue: The soap residue is fed into the waste oil bio-continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment described in any one of claims 1-8, heated to 45°C and stirred evenly, an appropriate amount of water is added according to the water content of the soap residue, and then phosphoric acid is added to adjust the pH to 5-6. Subsequently, enzyme preparation is added, and the reaction is continuously stirred at 45°C. After the reaction is completed, the residue settles in the equipment at 45°C. The lower layer of water is reused for the next batch of reaction, and the upper layer of oil enters the next process. Step 2, liquid enzyme reaction: The upper oil obtained in Step 1 is sent into a liquid enzyme reactor, the temperature is maintained at 36°C, a protective agent and liquid biological enzyme are added, and methanol is added according to the oil ratio. The reaction is carried out for 8 hours without stirring. After the reaction is completed, the oil phase and an aqueous phase containing methanol and glycerol are obtained by centrifugation. Step 3, enzyme fixation reaction: The oil phase obtained in step 2 is fed into a fixed-bed enzyme fixation reactor, the temperature is maintained at 38°C, a protective agent is added and the online dehydration and de-alcoholization system is started, and high-purity methanol is continuously fed in at the set flow rate. After 8 hours of reaction, crude biodiesel is obtained, and the crude biodiesel enters the distillation and purification process. Step 4, Methanol recovery: The aqueous phase containing methanol and glycerol obtained in Step 2 is sent to a heat pump gravity separation and recovery system to purify methanol with a purity of over 98%, which is then reused in the liquid enzyme reaction of Step 2. The remaining glycerol water is collected and sold as crude glycerol.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention achieves efficient crushing, uniform fusion, and full reaction of soap residue by setting up a stirring tank and multiple stirring components. The stirring tank provides a sealed, constant-temperature reaction space. The stirring blades, blades, and crushing teeth of the multiple stirring components work together to quickly crush semi-solid soap residue and achieve fluidization. The angle adjustment mechanism switches the stirring conditions to ensure that water, phosphoric acid, enzyme preparations, and soap residue are mixed evenly, avoiding wall adhesion and uneven local reaction, thus ensuring the stability and efficiency of the bio-enzymatic treatment of soap residue and laying the foundation for subsequent processes.

[0015] 2. By setting up devices such as an eccentric shaft, a sedimentation tank, a second drive mechanism, and a stirring tank, this invention achieves the synchronous driving of the stirring tank to rotate and the sedimentation tank to rotate eccentrically, with the second drive mechanism driving the stirring tank to rotate and the sedimentation tank to rotate eccentrically. After the stirring tank completes the material processing, the material is sent into the sedimentation tank through a guide pipe. The eccentric shaft drives the sedimentation tank to rotate eccentrically slowly, forming an alternating flow field, which promotes the separation of oil, water and sludge into three phases.

[0016] 3. This invention achieves the goals of enhancing sedimentation effect, shortening sedimentation cycle, and improving separation purity by setting up a micro-vibration mechanism and other devices. The fixed ring, rotating ball, and elastic plate of the micro-vibration mechanism work together to generate continuous low-frequency micro-vibration as the sedimentation tank rotates eccentrically. This disrupts the emulsion film structure, promotes the aggregation of tiny droplets, accelerates the compaction and sliding of the slag phase, and avoids suspension stagnation and uneven stratification. Compared with traditional static sedimentation, it significantly shortens the sedimentation time and improves the separation purity of the oil phase, water phase, and slag phase.

[0017] 4. This invention achieves the goals of reducing material buildup on the tank walls, improving stirring efficiency, and ensuring complete reaction by setting up a knocking and vibration mechanism and other devices. The knocking and vibration mechanism generates intermittent knocking vibrations as the stirring tank rotates, shaking off highly viscous materials from the stirring tank walls and stirring components, avoiding dead zones on the walls. At the same time, it breaks down the material's colloidal structure and reduces viscosity through micro-disturbance, improving the breaking and fusion efficiency of the multiple stirring components, ensuring uniform dispersion of enzymes and other reagents, and ensuring a complete and thorough enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of soapstock.

[0018] 5. This invention achieves precise dispersion of the reagent, saves reagent dosage, and improves reaction quality by setting up a hollow rotating shaft, a rotating cylinder, and a nozzle. After the reagent is fed into the feeding hopper, it is transported to the nozzle of the stirring blade through the rotating cylinder and connecting pipe, and evenly sprayed into each layer of material in the stirring tank. This avoids local accumulation or uneven dispersion of the reagent and ensures full contact between the reagent and the material. This saves reagent dosage and avoids excessive or insufficient local reaction, further improving the soap residue treatment effect. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment using waste oil and fat bioprocess, as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mixing tank of the waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-stirring component structure of the waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment proposed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the blade installation structure of a continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment using waste oil bioprocess, as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 6 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the pulverizing teeth and nozzle installation structure of a continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment using waste oil bioprocess, as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 7A schematic diagram of the multi-stage pulverizing component of the waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment according to Embodiment 1 of this invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the mixing stage structure of a multi-stage stirring assembly in a continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment using waste oil bioprocess, as presented in Embodiment 1 of this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment mechanism of the waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view at point A; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second drive mechanisms of the waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment proposed in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 12 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sedimentation tank in a continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment using waste oil and fat bioprocess, as described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the micro-amplitude vibration mechanism of the waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment proposed in Embodiment 4 of this invention; Figure 14 The diagram below shows the striking vibration mechanism of the waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment according to Embodiment 5 of this invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Casing; 101. Cover; 102. Controller; 2. Mixing tank; 21. First heater; 3. Sedimentation tank; 31. Drain pipe; 32. Slag discharge pipe; 33. Conical cavity; 34. Second heater; 35. Guide plate; 4. Multiple mixing components; 401. Hollow rotating shaft; 402. Ring; 403. Vertical plate; 404. Elastic element; 405. Scraper; 406. Disturbance plate; 407. Mixing blade; 4071. Blade; 4072. Grinding teeth; 4073. Nozzle; 5. Feeding hole; 6. First drive mechanism; 601. First motor; 602. Synchronous pulley; 603. Synchronous belt; 7. Angle adjustment mechanism; 701. Electric telescopic rod; 702. Gear plate; 703. Connecting pipe; 704. Connecting gear; 705. First rotary joint; 8. Feeding hopper; 9. Connecting pipe; 10. Transfer cylinder; 11. Second drive mechanism; 1101. Second motor; 1102. Pivot; 1103. First linkage gear; 1104. First linkage gear ring; 1105. Second linkage gear ring; 1106. Second linkage gear; 12. Guide pipe; 1201. Second rotary joint; 1202. Valve; 13. Eccentric shaft; 14. Micro-vibration mechanism; 1401. Rotating ball; 1402. Fixed ring; 1403. Elastic plate; 15. Striking vibration mechanism; 1501. Mounting ring; 1502. Inclined plate; 1503. Mounting base; 1504. Spring telescopic rod; 1505. Striking ball. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0023] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-10 A waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment includes a housing 1, a mixing tank 2 rotatably connected to the top surface of the housing 1, a feeding hole 5 on the top surface of the mixing tank 2, multiple first heaters 21 installed on the outer circumference of the mixing tank 2, and a multi-stage mixing assembly 4 installed inside the mixing tank 2. The multi-stage mixing assembly 4 includes a hollow rotating shaft 401, and the hollow rotating shaft 401 is rotatably connected to the top wall of the mixing tank 2. The material inside the mixing tank 2 is kept at 45°C by the first heater 21, and soap residue and other materials are placed through the feeding hole 5. Furthermore, the multi-stage stirring assembly 4 also includes two rings 402, which are respectively installed on the upper and lower outer sides of the hollow rotating shaft 401. Multiple vertical plates 403 are installed between the two rings 402. Multiple stirring blades 407 are rotatably connected to one side of each vertical plate 403 and the outer side of the hollow rotating shaft 401. Multiple blades 4071 are installed on the side of each stirring blade 407 that is in the same direction of rotation as the hollow rotating shaft 401. Several pulverizing teeth 4072 are provided on the inner top and inner bottom walls of each stirring blade 407. It should be noted that the blade 4071 is used to cut the soap residue in its initial state and then crush it by the subsequent crushing teeth 4072, which facilitates subsequent heating and fluidization. Each stirring blade 407 is equipped with multiple nozzles 4073 on the side opposite to the rotation direction of the hollow rotating shaft 401. Multiple angle adjustment mechanisms 7 are provided inside the hollow rotating shaft 401, and each angle adjustment mechanism 7 drives the corresponding row of stirring blades 407 to rotate. It should be noted that the stirring conditions are changed by altering the rotation direction of the stirring blade 407. Initially, the stirring blade 407 tends to be horizontal. As it revolves, it can cut and crush the soap residue. Furthermore, under the action of the angle adjustment mechanism 7, the stirring blade 407 slowly tilts and rotates, allowing the blade 4071 to cut and crush deeper layers of soap residue. After the material is crushed, it is easier to heat and fluidize it. After fluidization, phosphoric acid and other conditioning materials are added, and then the stirring process begins. At this point, the tilt angles of every two adjacent stirring blades 407 are opposite. Figure 8 As shown, this increases the mixing of materials, and after mixing is complete, the stirring blades 407 can be tilted at a uniform angle, such as... Figure 9 As shown, this allows the material to be pressed down, making it easier to discharge.

[0024] Each vertical plate 403 has multiple elastic elements 404 installed on its outer side, and the other end of each elastic element 404 is equipped with a scraper 405, and the outer side of each scraper 405 abuts against the inner wall of the mixing tank 2. The elastic element 404 allows the scraper 405 to always be in contact with the inner wall of the mixing tank 2, thereby scraping off the residual material on the tank wall and preventing it from overheating and producing a paste. Multiple disturbance plates 406 are installed on the outer side of the bottom end of the hollow rotating shaft 401, and each disturbance plate 406 is in contact with the conical side wall of the mixing tank 2. Each disturbance plate 406 is inclined to scoop up the material, which can scoop up the material at the bottom and make it participate in the mixing process.

[0025] Furthermore, each angle adjustment mechanism 7 includes an electric telescopic rod 701, and each electric telescopic rod 701 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the hollow rotating shaft 401. A toothed plate 702 is installed at the bottom end of each electric telescopic rod 701. One end of each stirring blade 407 is fixed and connected to a connecting pipe 703, and each connecting pipe 703 is rotatably connected to the corresponding hollow rotating shaft 401. A connecting gear 704 is installed on the outside of each connecting pipe 703, and each toothed plate 702 meshes with the corresponding connecting gear 704. The toothed plate 702 can be adjusted to slide up and down through the electric telescopic rod 701, thereby causing the corresponding stirring blade 407 to rotate through the gear 704.

[0026] Example 2: Reference Figure 9-10 The waste oil biological continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment has multiple transfer cylinders 10 arranged from top to bottom inside the hollow rotating shaft 401, and each connecting pipe 703 is connected to the corresponding transfer cylinder 10 through the first rotary joint 705. Every two adjacent transfer cylinders 10 are connected by a connecting pipe 9. A feeding hopper 8 is installed at the top of the hollow rotating shaft 401, and the feeding hopper 8 is connected to the top transfer cylinder 10.

[0027] When adding materials such as phosphoric acid, they can be fed through the feeding hopper 8. The material will enter the corresponding stirring blade 407 through the connecting pipe 9 and the transfer cylinder 10, and then be fed into the various layers of the mixing tank 2 through the nozzle 4073, so as to facilitate rapid and uniform mixing.

[0028] Example 3: Reference Figure 4 , 11 12. A continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment using waste oil biological method, wherein a second drive mechanism 11 is provided on the casing 1, and the second drive mechanism 11 drives the sedimentation tank 3 to rotate eccentrically, and the second drive mechanism 11 drives the stirring tank 2 to rotate. A first drive mechanism 6 is provided on the top surface of the stirring tank 2, and the first drive mechanism 6 drives the multi-stirring assembly 4 to rotate. An eccentric shaft 13 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the casing 1, and the sedimentation tank 3 is fixedly installed at the top of the eccentric shaft 13. The sedimentation tank 3 is connected to the stirring tank 2, and the eccentric shaft 13 is eccentrically set on the bottom surface of the sedimentation tank 3. Furthermore, the second drive mechanism 11 includes a second motor 1101, which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the housing 1. The bottom output shaft of the second motor 1101 is coaxially connected to a pivot 1102. A first linkage gear ring 1104 is mounted on the outside of the mixing tank 2. A first linkage gear 1103 is mounted on the outside of the pivot 1102, and the first linkage gear 1103 meshes with the first linkage gear ring 1104. A second linkage gear ring 1105 is mounted on the outside of the eccentric shaft 13. A second linkage gear 1106 is mounted on the outside of the pivot 1102, and the second linkage gear ring 1105 meshes with the second linkage gear 1106. It should be noted that the pitch circle diameter of the second linkage gear ring 1105 is larger than that of the second linkage gear 1106, and the pitch circle diameter of the first linkage gear ring 1104 is larger than that of the first linkage gear 1103. This allows the stirring tank 2 to rotate, which facilitates the increase of the multiple stirring effect. As the eccentric shaft 13 slowly rotates, the sedimentation tank 3 can rotate slowly, which can promote sedimentation. When the sedimentation tank 3 rotates slowly with the eccentric shaft 13, the material in the tank forms an alternating lag flow field with the tank body due to inertia. This avoids the diffusion stagnation problem of suspended droplets in traditional static sedimentation, and allows oil droplets, water droplets and colloidal particles to continuously generate relative motion and collision aggregation.

[0029] Furthermore, the first drive mechanism 6 includes a first motor 601, and the first motor 601 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the mixing tank 2. The outer top of the hollow rotating shaft 401 and the outer output shaft of the first motor 601 are both equipped with synchronous pulleys 602, and the two synchronous pulleys 602 are together fitted with a synchronous belt 603. The stirring tank 2 is connected to the sedimentation tank 3 through the guide pipe 12, and the two ends of the guide pipe 12 are respectively connected to the corresponding stirring tank 2 and sedimentation tank 3 through the second rotary joint 1201. The guide pipe 12 is concentrically arranged with the eccentric shaft 13 and the stirring tank 2 respectively, and a valve 1202 is installed on the outside of the guide pipe 12. Through the guide pipe 12 and the second rotary joint 1201, since the rotation center of the stirring tank 2 and the sedimentation tank 3 is consistent with the center of the guide pipe 12, the guide pipe 12 can keep the two connected and control the opening and closing through the valve 1202. The inner bottom wall of the sedimentation tank 3 is provided with a conical cavity 33. The eccentric rotation of the sedimentation tank 3 will cause the bottom slag phase to slide slowly along the conical surface, which can effectively avoid the loose accumulation and circulation of the slag phase, and accelerate the directional sedimentation and compaction of the slag phase. Multiple second heaters 34 are installed at equal intervals on the inner circumference of the sedimentation tank 3 to maintain the temperature inside the tank at 45°C. A guide plate 35 is installed inside the sedimentation tank 3 to block the material entering the tank, reduce its impact force, and allow it to slowly enter the sedimentation tank 3. The outer side of the sedimentation tank 3 is fixed and connected to a drain pipe 31 and a slag discharge pipe 32. The outer side of the casing 1 is rotatably connected to a cover 101, and a controller 102 is installed on the outer side of the cover 101.

[0030] Example 4: Reference Figure 13 The waste oil biological continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment has a micro-vibration mechanism 14 installed inside the casing 1, which causes the sedimentation tank 3 to vibrate at a low frequency. Furthermore, the micro-vibration mechanism 14 includes a fixed ring 1402, which is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing 1. A plurality of rotating balls 1401 are provided at one end of the bottom surface of the sedimentation tank 3. A plurality of elastic plates 1403 are equidistantly distributed on the top circumference of the fixed ring 1402, and each elastic plate 1403 is arc-shaped. Each rotating ball 1401 abuts against the inclined surface of the corresponding elastic plate 1403.

[0031] It should be noted that the fixed ring 1402 and the eccentric shaft 13 are at the same center. Therefore, when the sedimentation tank 3 rotates eccentrically, the contact position between the bottom of the sedimentation tank 3 and the fixed ring 1402 remains unchanged. Then, a rotating ball 1401 is added on it. When it rotates, it can squeeze the elastic plate 1403. When the rotating ball 1401 leaves the elastic plate 1403, the elastic plate 1403 resets and vibrates the sedimentation tank 3. As the sedimentation tank 3 continues to rotate eccentrically, the rotating ball 1401 sequentially squeezes and releases each elastic plate 1403, so that the sedimentation tank 3 obtains continuous and uniform low-frequency micro-amplitude vibration excitation. The low-frequency micro-amplitude vibration acts on the material inside the tank, effectively disrupting the emulsion film structure between oil droplets, water droplets, and colloidal particles, reducing the local viscosity gradient of the material, and promoting the collision, aggregation, and growth of tiny droplets. At the same time, the micro-disturbance generated by the vibration can avoid the suspension, stagnation, and uneven stratification that occur when the material is in a static state. This allows the aggregated large-diameter oil droplets, water droplets, and solid slag phases to quickly float or settle under gravity, forming a clear stratified interface between the oil, water, and slag phases. In addition, the alternating flow field formed by the low-frequency micro-amplitude vibration and the eccentric rotation of the settling tank 3 can further accelerate the sliding and compaction of the slag phase along the bottom of the cone towards the central slag discharge port, preventing the slag phase from loosely accumulating or being rolled up by the circulation, thereby significantly improving the settling efficiency and separation purity. Compared with traditional static settling, it can greatly shorten the settling cycle and achieve efficient and continuous three-phase separation of oil, water, and slag.

[0032] Example 5: Reference Figure 14 The waste oil biological continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment has a striking and vibration mechanism 15 installed on the top surface of the casing 1, which causes the mixing tank 2 to strike and vibrate.

[0033] Furthermore, the striking vibration mechanism 15 includes a mounting base 1503, which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the housing 1. A spring telescopic rod 1504 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the mounting base 1503, and a striking ball 1505 is mounted on the other end of the spring telescopic rod 1504. A mounting ring 1501 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the mixing tank 2. Multiple inclined plates 1502 are equidistantly mounted on the outer circumference of the mounting ring 1501, and the inclination direction of each inclined plate 1502 is opposite to the rotation direction of the mixing tank 2. The striking ball 1505 abuts against the inclined surface of the corresponding inclined plate 1502.

[0034] When the mixing tank 2 rotates under the drive of the second drive mechanism 11, the mounting ring 1501 on its outer side rotates synchronously with the inclined plate 1502. Since the inclination direction of the inclined plate 1502 is opposite to the rotation direction of the mixing tank 2, when the inclined plate 1502 rotates with the tank body to the position of the striking ball 1505, the inclined surface of the inclined plate 1502 abuts against the striking ball 1505 and pushes the striking ball 1505 to move backward, so that the spring telescopic rod 1504 is compressed and stores energy. When the inclined plate 1502 rotates past the contact point of the striking ball 1505, the spring telescopic rod 1504 quickly returns to its original position under its own elasticity, pushing the striking ball 1505 forward to impact the outer wall of the mixing tank 2, forming an instantaneous striking vibration. As the mixing tank 2 continues to rotate, multiple inclined plates 1502 act on the striking ball 1505 in turn, so that the mixing tank 2 obtains continuous and uniform intermittent striking vibration. The impact vibration acts on the two mixing tanks, effectively dislodging highly viscous waste oils and colloidal materials adhering to the tank walls and the surface of the mixing components. This avoids dead zones on the walls and ensures that the materials in the mixing area fully participate in the crushing and blending process. At the same time, the micro-disturbances generated by the vibration can disrupt the colloidal structure inside the materials, reduce the viscosity of the materials, and improve the crushing, fluidization, and mixing efficiency of waste oils by the multi-mixing structure. This allows water, catalysts, and biological enzymes to be more evenly dispersed in the materials, resulting in a more complete reaction.

[0035] A continuous skid-mounted process for producing biodiesel from waste oil, characterized by comprising the following continuous steps: Step 1, Bioenzymatic treatment of soap residue: The soap residue is fed into the waste oil bio-continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment described in any one of claims 1-8, heated to 45°C and stirred evenly, an appropriate amount of water is added according to the water content of the soap residue, and then phosphoric acid is added to adjust the pH to 5-6. Subsequently, enzyme preparation is added, and the reaction is continuously stirred at 45°C. After the reaction is completed, the residue settles in the equipment at 45°C. The lower layer of water is reused for the next batch of reaction, and the upper layer of oil enters the next process. Step 2, liquid enzyme reaction: The upper oil obtained in Step 1 is sent into a liquid enzyme reactor, the temperature is maintained at 36°C, a protective agent and liquid biological enzyme are added, and methanol is added according to the oil ratio. The reaction is carried out for 8 hours without stirring. After the reaction is completed, the oil phase and an aqueous phase containing methanol and glycerol are obtained by centrifugation. Step 3, enzyme fixation reaction: The oil phase obtained in step 2 is fed into a fixed-bed enzyme fixation reactor, the temperature is maintained at 38°C, a protective agent is added and the online dehydration and de-alcoholization system is started, and high-purity methanol is continuously fed in at the set flow rate. After 8 hours of reaction, crude biodiesel is obtained, and the crude biodiesel enters the distillation and purification process. Step 4, Methanol recovery: The aqueous phase containing methanol and glycerol obtained in Step 2 is sent to a heat pump gravity separation and recovery system to purify methanol with a purity of over 98%, which is then reused in the liquid enzyme reaction of Step 2. The remaining glycerol water is collected and sold as crude glycerol.

[0036] The functional principle of this invention can be explained through the following operational methods: First, the operator starts the equipment through the controller 102, turns on the first heater 21, and preheats the mixing tank 2 to 45°C and maintains the temperature. Then, the operator opens the feeding hole 5 on the top surface of the mixing tank 2, puts the soap residue into the tank, and closes the feeding hole 5 to ensure a tight seal. When the first drive mechanism 6 is started, the first motor 601 drives the hollow rotating shaft 401 to rotate through the synchronous pulley 602 and the synchronous belt 603, thereby driving the multi-stirring assembly 4 to operate. At this time, the stirring blade 407 is in a horizontal initial state and revolves with the hollow rotating shaft 401. The blade 4071 on one side cuts the block soap residue, and the crushing teeth 4072 in the stirring blade 407 further crushes the soap residue to achieve preliminary fluidization.

[0037] After the soapstock is crushed and fluidized, water, phosphoric acid and enzyme preparation are added through the feeding hopper 8. The material is then conveyed through the transfer cylinder 10 and the connecting pipe 703 to the nozzle 4073 of the stirring blade 407, and evenly sprayed between the layers of the mixing tank 2. The angle adjustment mechanism 7 drives the stirring blade 407 to tilt in the opposite direction to form a convective flow field, ensuring that the material and the agent are mixed evenly and maintaining a constant temperature reaction of 45°C. The second drive mechanism 11 is started, and the second motor 1101 drives the pivot 1102 to rotate. Through the meshing of the first linkage gear 1103 and the first linkage gear ring 1104, the stirring tank 2 is driven to rotate slowly, increasing the coverage of multiple stirring. Through the meshing of the second linkage gear 1106 and the second linkage gear ring 1105, the eccentric shaft 13 and the sedimentation tank 3 are driven to rotate slowly eccentrically, preparing for subsequent sedimentation. During the mixing process, the striking vibration mechanism 15 works synchronously, the mixing tank 2 drives the inclined plate 1502 to rotate, and the pressing of the striking ball 1505 causes the spring telescopic rod 1504 to store energy and reset, realizing intermittent striking, shaking off the material hanging on the tank wall, and the scraper 405 adheres to the tank wall under the action of the elastic element 404 to scrape off the residual material. After the reaction is completed, valve 1202 is opened, and the material enters the sedimentation tank 3 through the guide pipe 12. The micro-vibration mechanism 14, in conjunction with the eccentric rotation, promotes the stratification of oil, water and sludge. Finally, the material is discharged through the liquid discharge pipe 31 and the sludge discharge pipe 32 respectively, completing the soap residue pretreatment stage and laying the foundation for subsequent liquid enzyme reaction and solid enzyme reaction, thus realizing continuous production.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment using waste oil and fat bioprocess, comprising a casing (1), characterized in that, The top surface of the housing (1) is rotatably connected to a stirring tank (2). A feeding hole (5) is opened on the top surface of the stirring tank (2). Multiple first heaters (21) are installed on the outer circumference of the stirring tank (2). A multi-stage stirring assembly (4) is installed inside the stirring tank (2). The multi-stage stirring assembly (4) includes a hollow rotating shaft (401), which is rotatably connected to the top wall of the stirring tank (2). A first driving mechanism (6) is provided on the top surface of the stirring tank (2), and the first driving mechanism (6) drives the multi-stage stirring assembly (4) to rotate. An eccentric shaft (13) is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the housing (1). A sedimentation tank (3) is fixedly installed at the top of the 13), and the sedimentation tank (3) is connected to the stirring tank (2). An eccentric shaft (13) is eccentrically set on the bottom surface of the sedimentation tank (3). A second drive mechanism (11) is provided on the housing (1), and the second drive mechanism (11) drives the sedimentation tank (3) to rotate eccentrically. The second drive mechanism (11) drives the stirring tank (2) to rotate. A micro-vibration mechanism (14) is installed inside the housing (1), and the micro-vibration mechanism (14) causes the sedimentation tank (3) to vibrate at a low frequency. A knocking vibration mechanism (15) is installed on the top surface of the housing (1), and the knocking vibration mechanism (15) causes the stirring tank (2) to knock and vibrate.

2. The waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage stirring assembly (4) further includes two rings (402), which are respectively installed on the upper and lower outer sides of the hollow rotating shaft (401). Multiple vertical plates (403) are installed between the two rings (402). Multiple stirring blades (407) are rotatably connected to one side of each vertical plate (403) and the outer side of the hollow rotating shaft (401). Multiple blades (4071) are installed on the side of each stirring blade (407) that rotates in the same direction as the hollow rotating shaft (401). Several pulverizing teeth (4072) are provided on the inner top and bottom walls of each stirring blade (407). Each stirring blade (407) rotates in the opposite direction to the hollow rotating shaft (401). Multiple nozzles (4073) are installed on one side. Multiple angle adjustment mechanisms (7) are provided inside the hollow rotating shaft (401). Each angle adjustment mechanism (7) drives a corresponding row of stirring blades (407) to rotate. Multiple elastic elements (404) are installed on the outer side of each vertical plate (403). A scraper (405) is installed on the other end of each elastic element (404). The outer side of each scraper (405) abuts against the inner wall of the mixing tank (2). Multiple disturbance plates (406) are installed on the outer side of the bottom end of the hollow rotating shaft (401). Each disturbance plate (406) contacts the conical side wall of the mixing tank (2). Each disturbance plate (406) is inclined for scooping up materials.

3. The waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the angle adjustment mechanisms (7) includes an electric telescopic rod (701), and each electric telescopic rod (701) is fixedly installed on the top wall of the hollow rotating shaft (401). Each electric telescopic rod (701) has a toothed plate (702) installed at its bottom end. One end of each stirring blade (407) is fixed and connected to a connecting pipe (703), and each connecting pipe (703) is rotatably connected to the corresponding hollow rotating shaft (401). Each connecting pipe (703) has a connecting gear (704) installed on its outer side, and each toothed plate (702) meshes with the corresponding connecting gear (704).

4. The waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hollow rotating shaft (401) has multiple transfer cylinders (10) arranged from top to bottom, and each of the connecting pipes (703) is connected to the corresponding transfer cylinder (10) through the first rotary joint (705). Every two adjacent transfer cylinders (10) are connected by a connecting pipe (9). A feeding hopper (8) is installed at the top of the hollow rotating shaft (401), and the feeding hopper (8) is connected to the top transfer cylinder (10).

5. The waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micro-amplitude vibration mechanism (14) includes a fixed ring (1402), which is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing (1). A plurality of rotating balls (1401) are provided at one end of the bottom surface of the sedimentation tank (3). A plurality of elastic plates (1403) are equidistantly distributed on the top circumference of the fixed ring (1402), and each elastic plate (1403) is arc-shaped. Each rotating ball (1401) abuts against the inclined surface of the corresponding elastic plate (1403).

6. The waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The striking vibration mechanism (15) includes a mounting base (1503), which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the housing (1). A spring telescopic rod (1504) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the mounting base (1503), and a striking ball (1505) is mounted on the other end of the spring telescopic rod (1504). An installation ring (1501) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the mixing tank (2). Multiple inclined plates (1502) are equidistantly mounted on the outer circumference of the installation ring (1501), and the inclination direction of each inclined plate (1502) is opposite to the rotation direction of the mixing tank (2). The striking ball (1505) abuts against the inclined surface of the corresponding inclined plate (1502).

7. The waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second drive mechanism (11) includes a second motor (1101), which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the housing (1). The bottom output shaft of the second motor (1101) is coaxially connected to a pivot (1102). A first linkage gear ring (1104) is mounted on the outside of the mixing tank (2). A first linkage gear (1103) is mounted on the outside of the pivot (1102), and the first linkage gear (1103) meshes with the first linkage gear ring (1104). A second linkage gear ring (1105) is mounted on the outside of the eccentric shaft (13). A second linkage gear (1106) is mounted on the outside of the pivot (1102), and the second linkage gear ring (1105) meshes with the second linkage gear (1106).

8. The waste oil bio-based continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first driving mechanism (6) includes a first motor (601), and the first motor (601) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the stirring tank (2). Synchronous pulleys (602) are installed on the outer top of the hollow rotating shaft (401) and on the outer side of the output shaft of the first motor (601). The two synchronous pulleys (602) are fitted with a synchronous belt (603). The stirring tank (2) is connected to the sedimentation tank (3) through a guide pipe (12), and both ends of the guide pipe (12) are connected to the corresponding stirring tank (2) and sedimentation tank (3) through second rotary joints (1201). 12) The guide pipe (12) is concentrically arranged with the eccentric shaft (13) and the stirring tank (2). A valve (1202) is installed on the outside of the guide pipe (12). A conical cavity (33) is provided on the inner bottom wall of the sedimentation tank (3). Multiple second heaters (34) are installed equidistantly on the inner circumference of the sedimentation tank (3). A guide plate (35) is installed inside the sedimentation tank (3). A drain pipe (31) and a slag discharge pipe (32) are fixed and connected on the outside of the sedimentation tank (3). A cover (101) is rotatably connected to the outside of the casing (1). A controller (102) is installed on the outside of the cover (101).

9. A continuous skid-mounted process for producing biodiesel from waste oil, characterized in that, Includes the following sequential steps: Step 1, Bioenzymatic treatment of soap residue: The soap residue is fed into the waste oil bio-continuous skid-mounted biodiesel production equipment described in any one of claims 1-8, heated to 45°C and stirred evenly, an appropriate amount of water is added according to the water content of the soap residue, and then phosphoric acid is added to adjust the pH to 5-6. Subsequently, enzyme preparation is added, and the reaction is continuously stirred at 45°C. After the reaction is completed, the residue settles in the equipment at 45°C. The lower layer of water is reused for the next batch of reaction, and the upper layer of oil enters the next process. Step 2, liquid enzyme reaction: The upper oil obtained in Step 1 is sent into a liquid enzyme reactor, the temperature is maintained at 36°C, a protective agent and liquid biological enzyme are added, and methanol is added according to the oil ratio. The reaction is carried out for 8 hours without stirring. After the reaction is completed, the oil phase and an aqueous phase containing methanol and glycerol are obtained by centrifugation. Step 3, enzyme fixation reaction: The oil phase obtained in step 2 is fed into a fixed-bed enzyme fixation reactor, the temperature is maintained at 38°C, a protective agent is added and the online dehydration and de-alcoholization system is started, and high-purity methanol is continuously fed in at the set flow rate. After 8 hours of reaction, crude biodiesel is obtained, and the crude biodiesel enters the distillation and purification process. Step 4, Methanol recovery: The aqueous phase containing methanol and glycerol obtained in Step 2 is sent to a heat pump gravity separation and recovery system to purify methanol with a purity of over 98%, which is then reused in the liquid enzyme reaction of Step 2. The remaining glycerol water is collected and sold as crude glycerol.

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