A sheath sealing structure, sheath tube, and endoscope system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of endoscopy technology, and more particularly to a sheath sealing structure, a sheath tube, and an endoscopy system. The structure includes a fixed cover, a flexible sealing ring, and a movable cover. The proximal end of the fixed cover has an axially oriented mounting groove with a through hole at the bottom. The flexible sealing ring is disposed within the mounting groove. The movable cover includes a protrusion disposed within the mounting groove and a guide channel extending axially through the protrusion. The movable cover and the fixed cover have an axially sliding travel. This application utilizes the axial sliding fit between the fixed cover and the movable cover to achieve both control of the negative pressure suction intensity within the sheath tube and facilitates rapid insertion / removal of the insertion part from the sheath tube. This improves the efficiency of blockage removal and the ease of use of the sheath tube, simplifies the sheath tube structure, and achieves simultaneous control of negative pressure regulation and insertion part sealing within a single structure. This effectively enhances the ease of use of the sheath tube and increases the comfort of using the endoscopy system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of endoscopy technology, and more particularly to a sheath sealing structure, a sheath tube, and an endoscopy system. Background Technology

[0002] The sheath is a disposable medical consumable that is fitted over the endoscope. It is mostly made of medical polymer materials (such as polyurethane and polyethylene) and has core functions such as protection, operation assistance, infection control, and field of vision protection. It is an indispensable accessory in endoscopic examinations / minimally invasive surgeries such as gastroscopy, colonoscopy, bronchoscopy, and ureteroscopy.

[0003] To facilitate the removal of samples from the body, a negative pressure source is typically connected to a sheath to extract the sample from the gap between the endoscope insertion part and the sheath. If a blockage occurs during aspiration, the endoscope insertion part needs to be pulled out of the sheath, and the endoscope insertion part needs to be reinserted after the blockage is cleared to continue the surgery. However, in the process of developing this invention, the applicant discovered that, due to the limitations of the sheath's own structure, the existing design is difficult to balance the sealing of the sheath's negative pressure aspiration with the smoothness of insertion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a sheath sealing structure, a sheath tube, and an endoscope system to solve the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] This application is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, this application provides a sheath seat sealing structure, comprising: The fixed cover has an axially arranged mounting groove at its proximal end, and a through hole at the bottom of the mounting groove for inserting an endoscope. The distal end of the fixed cover has a connecting part for connecting with a sheath seat. A flexible sealing ring is disposed in the mounting groove. Under normal conditions, the inner diameter of the flexible sealing ring is larger than the diameter of the endoscope insertion part. A movable cover body includes a protrusion located within a mounting groove. A guide channel extends axially through the protrusion, with its proximal end connecting to the external environment and its distal end corresponding to a through-hole. The movable cover body and a fixed cover body have an axial sliding stroke. The distal end of the protrusion has an abutment surface that engages with the bottom wall of the mounting groove. During the sliding stroke of the movable and fixed cover bodies, a flexible sealing ring is compressed, adjusting the gap between the flexible sealing ring and the insertion portion to control the opening degree of the connection between the through-hole and the guide channel.

[0006] Secondly, this application provides a sheath tube, including a sheath seat and the aforementioned sheath seat sealing structure. The sheath seat is provided with a negative pressure interface and a tube body. The negative pressure interface is used to connect to a negative pressure source. The tube body is used to pass through an endoscope insertion part. The connecting part of the fixed cap is connected to the sheath seat. The fixed cap and the sheath seat cooperate to form a cavity. The negative pressure interface is connected to the tube body through the cavity.

[0007] Thirdly, this application provides an endoscope system, including an endoscope and the aforementioned sheath, wherein the insertion portion of the endoscope is sequentially disposed in a guide channel, a flexible sealing ring, a through hole, a cavity, and a tube body.

[0008] The technical solution provided in this application can achieve the following beneficial effects: This application utilizes an axial sliding fit between a fixed cover and a movable cover. When the movable cover is moved distally, the flexible sealing ring is axially compressed by the fixed and movable covers, causing radial deformation to seal against the peripheral wall of the insertion part, allowing the sheath to perform negative pressure suction. When the movable cover is moved proximally, the flexible sealing ring recovers its shape, increasing the opening between the guide channel and the through hole. This not only allows for the control of the negative pressure suction intensity in the sheath but also facilitates the rapid insertion / removal of the insertion part from the sheath, improving the efficiency of blockage elimination and the ease of use of the sheath. Compared to existing technologies, this eliminates the need for a switch structure on the existing negative pressure interface, simplifies the sheath structure, and achieves simultaneous control of negative pressure regulation and insertion part sealing with a single structure, effectively improving the ease of use of the sheath and increasing the comfort of using the endoscope system. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the endoscope system disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sheath structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a top view of the sheath (first state) disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view along line AA; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sheath (second state) disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sheath sealing structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed cover disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable cover disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sheath sealing structure disclosed in the preferred embodiment of this application.

[0011] In the picture: 10. Sheath; 20. Handle; 30. Insertion part; 40. Negative pressure source; 100. Sheath seat; 110. Negative pressure interface; 120. Tube body; 130. Cavity; 200. Fixed cap; 210. Mounting groove; 220. Through hole; 230. Connecting part; 300. Moving cap; 310. Protrusion; 311. Abutment surface; 320. Guide channel; 330. Cap edge; 341. Locking groove; 342. Transition surface; 343. Stop surface; 350. Reinforcing rib; 400. Flexible sealing ring; 500. Elastic element. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0013] In the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0014] In various embodiments of this application, "proximal end" and "distal end" refer to the position of the endoscope and its accessories relative to the user in the usage environment. The end closer to the user is designated as the "proximal end", and the end farther from the user is designated as the "distal end".

[0015] Existing sheaths include a sheath base, a flexible sealing ring, and a cap. The sheath base has a negative pressure interface and a tube body. The tube body provides a stable channel for inserting the endoscope insertion section. The negative pressure interface is used to connect a negative pressure source to aspirate samples from the human body (such as body fluids, stones, human tissue, etc.), allowing the sample to be drawn out of the body through the gap between the insertion section and the tube body. To ensure stable negative pressure aspiration, existing technology uses the cap to fix the flexible sealing ring to the sheath base. The insertion section passes through the flexible sealing ring before entering the tube body, and the flexible sealing ring seals with the insertion section to prevent negative pressure leakage during aspiration. However, in actual operation, due to the uncontrollable size of the sample and the pressure of the tube body from the body's natural cavities, sample leakage is prone to occur. In cases where the endoscope is blocked within the sheath, the insertion part needs to be removed from the sheath. After the blockage is cleared, the insertion part can be reinserted into the sheath to continue the surgery. However, the dynamic sealing of the insertion part by the flexible sealing ring increases the resistance when inserting and removing the insertion part from the sheath. This requires the operator to expend extra effort to ensure accurate and rapid insertion and removal of the insertion part from the sheath, which also increases the operation time. If the sealing of the insertion part by the flexible sealing ring is removed, negative pressure leakage will occur during negative pressure aspiration, making it difficult to accurately control the negative pressure aspiration force on the sample, increasing the surgical risk. Consequently, the existing design cannot balance the sealing of the sheath negative pressure aspiration and the smooth insertion of the insertion part.

[0016] To address this, this application provides a sheath sealing structure, a sheath tube, and an endoscope system. Utilizing an axial sliding fit between a fixed cap and a movable cap, in a second state, the flexible sealing ring is axially compressed by the fixed and movable caps, deforming radially to seal against the peripheral wall of the insertion part, allowing for negative pressure suction of the sheath tube. In the first state, the axial compression of the flexible sealing ring weakens or disappears, and the flexible sealing ring recovers through its own deformation, increasing the gap between the flexible sealing ring and the insertion part. This increases the opening between the guide channel and the through hole, achieving control over the negative pressure suction intensity in the sheath tube. Simultaneously, it facilitates rapid insertion / removal of the insertion part from the sheath tube, improving blockage clearance efficiency and ease of use. Compared to existing technologies, it eliminates the switch structure on the existing negative pressure interface, simplifies the sheath tube structure, and achieves simultaneous control of negative pressure regulation and insertion part sealing with a single structure, effectively improving the ease of use of the sheath tube and increasing the comfort of using the endoscope system, as detailed in the following embodiments. Example 1

[0017] This embodiment provides an endoscope system, such as Figure 1As shown, the device includes an endoscope and a sheath 10. The endoscope is existing technology. The structure and function of the endoscope are briefly described below. The endoscope includes a handle 20 and an insertion part 30. A lever structure is provided on the handle 20, which controls the directional bending of the distal end of the insertion part 30. An illumination unit and a camera module are provided on the distal end surface of the insertion part 30. The illumination unit is used to provide illumination light, and the camera module is used to acquire image information of the internal cavity of the distal end of the insertion part 30. In some embodiments, an instrument channel is provided on the insertion part 30. The proximal port of the instrument channel is located on the handle 20, and the distal port of the instrument channel is located at the distal end of the insertion part. The instrument channel is used for the passage of surgical instruments or perfusion fluid. The surgical instruments are existing technology and can be injection needles, dilators, stents, stone retrieval baskets, optical fibers, biopsy forceps, hemostatic clips, etc., without specific limitations. The perfusion fluid can be physiological saline, medicine, or gas, without specific limitations.

[0018] The sheath tube 10 includes a sheath seat 100 and a sheath seat sealing structure. The sheath seat 100 is provided with a negative pressure interface 110 and a tube body 120. The negative pressure interface 110 is used to connect to a negative pressure source 40. The negative pressure source 40 can be a negative pressure pump, a manual negative pressure device (such as an airbag-type manual suction device, a piston-type manual suction device), a centralized negative pressure air supply system, etc., which are not specifically limited here. The tube body 120 is used to pass through the endoscope insertion part 30. The fixed cover 200 in the sheath seat sealing structure is connected to the sheath seat 100. The fixed cover 200 and the sheath seat 100 cooperate to form a cavity 130. The negative pressure interface 110 is connected to the tube body 120 through the cavity 130. During assembly, the endoscope insertion part is sequentially inserted through the guide channel 320, the flexible sealing ring 400, the through hole 220, the cavity 130 and the tube body 120. During use, the gap between the tube body 120 and the insertion part 30 can be used as a suction channel. Under the action of negative pressure suction, the sample is sequentially drawn out of the body through the gap between the tube body 120 and the insertion part 30, the cavity 130 formed by the fixed cover 200 and the sheath seat 100, and the negative pressure interface 110.

[0019] Specifically, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, the sheath sealing structure includes: The fixed cover body 200 has an axially arranged mounting groove 210 at its proximal end, and a through hole 220 at the bottom of the mounting groove 210 for inserting the endoscope insertion part 30. The fixed cover body 200 has a connecting part 230 at its distal end for connecting with the sheath seat 100. A flexible sealing ring 400 is disposed in the mounting groove 210. Under normal conditions, the inner diameter of the flexible sealing ring 400 is larger than the diameter of the endoscope insertion part 30. The movable cover 300 includes a protrusion 310 disposed within the mounting groove 210. A guide channel 320 is provided on the movable cover 300, extending axially through the protrusion 310. The proximal end of the guide channel 320 connects to the external environment and accommodates the insertion part 30. The distal end of the guide channel 320 corresponds to the through hole 220. The movable cover 300 and the fixed cover 200 have an axial sliding stroke. The distal end of the protrusion 310 has an abutment surface 311, which engages with the bottom wall of the mounting groove 210. During the sliding stroke of the movable cover 300 and the fixed cover 200, a flexible sealing ring 400 is compressed, adjusting the gap between the flexible sealing ring 400 and the insertion part 30 to control the opening degree of the connection between the through hole 220 and the guide channel 320.

[0020] Based on the structural design of the sheath sealing structure described above, during actual operation, when using an endoscope system for surgical procedures, for example, in laser lithotripsy within the renal calyx, the gap between the tube body 120 and the insertion part 30 serves as the aspiration channel. The movable cap 300 moves distally, and the flexible sealing ring 400 is axially compressed by the fixed cap 200 and the movable cap 300, causing radial deformation and reducing the inner diameter of the flexible sealing ring 400. This reduces the opening between the through hole 220 and the guide channel 320. When the flexible sealing ring 400 radially deforms to abut against the peripheral wall of the insertion part 30, a sealing fit is formed between the flexible sealing ring 400 and the peripheral wall of the insertion part 30, blocking the connection between the through hole 220 and the guide channel 320. This allows a closed environment to be formed within the sheath 10 for negative pressure aspiration, facilitating the extraction of the sample from the body. When the lithotripsy fragments become blocked in the aspiration channel, the movable cap 300 can be controlled to slide axially towards the proximal end. During this process, the flexible sealing ring... As the axial compression of the ring 400 gradually weakens, the flexible sealing ring 400 recovers through its own deformation, releasing the sealing fit between the flexible sealing ring 400 and the peripheral wall of the insertion part 30. The inner diameter of the flexible sealing ring 400 also gradually recovers and increases as the moving cover body 300 moves axially towards the proximal end, correspondingly increasing the gap between the flexible sealing ring 400 and the insertion part 30. This facilitates the rapid insertion / removal of the insertion part 30 from the sheath tube 10, improving the efficiency of blockage elimination, and also increases the opening between the guide channel 320 and the through hole 220, realizing the regulation of the negative pressure suction intensity in the sheath tube 10, reducing the negative pressure suction pressure of the sheath tube 10, improving the efficiency of blockage elimination and the ease of use of the sheath tube. Compared with the existing technology, the switch structure on the negative pressure interface 110 in the existing design is eliminated, simplifying the structure of the sheath tube 10, and realizing the simultaneous control of two functions, negative pressure regulation and insertion part 30 sealing control, under one structure, effectively improving the ease of use of the sheath tube 10 and increasing the flexibility of the endoscope system.

[0021] It should be noted that the connecting part 230 can be fixed to the sheath seat 100 by means of threaded connection, snap-fit ​​connection or interference fit. Preferably, the connecting part 230 has an internal thread structure on its inner side, and a detachable connection is achieved by adapting to the external thread near the end of the sheath seat 100, which facilitates assembly and maintenance. In some preferred embodiments, the inner wall of the mounting groove 210 can be provided with an annular positioning boss to radially limit the outer periphery of the flexible sealing ring 400 and prevent it from shifting circumferentially during compression. The flexible sealing ring 400 can be made of medical silicone or fluororubber, and its cross-section is "I" or "O" shaped, with an annular groove in the middle to improve radial deformation capability. Under normal conditions, its inner diameter is 0.5mm-2mm larger than the diameter of the insertion part to ensure that there is no obvious resistance when the insertion part is initially inserted.

[0022] In some embodiments, the outer periphery of the protrusion 310 of the movable cover 300 can be fitted with the inner wall of the mounting groove 210 with a clearance, preferably controlled at 0.1mm-0.3mm to achieve axial guidance. The abutment surface 311 of the protrusion 310 can be set as an arc-shaped surface protruding to the distal end, which fits with the annular plane of the bottom wall of the mounting groove 210 to form a wedge-shaped compression space, so that the flexible sealing ring 400 shrinks uniformly in the radial direction under axial pressure. In some preferred embodiments, a reset elastic element, such as a compression spring sleeved on the outer periphery of the protrusion 310, can be provided between the movable cover 300 and the fixed cover 200, with its two ends abutting against the proximal inner wall of the movable cover 300 and the proximal step surface of the mounting groove 210 of the fixed cover 200, so that the movable cover 300 is held in the first state (i.e., the initial position where the flexible sealing ring is not compressed) when no external force is applied.

[0023] Specifically, in order to stably achieve negative pressure regulation and sealing control of the insertion part 30, the sliding stroke can be set to include a first state and a second state. In the first state, the flexible sealing ring 400 and the endoscope insertion part 30 have a preset gap. In the second state, the flexible sealing ring 400 and the endoscope insertion part 30 are sealed together.

[0024] In some embodiments, to facilitate the rapid and accurate insertion of the endoscope insertion part 30 from the sheath sealing structure into the tube body 120, the inner diameter of the distal port of the guide channel 320 can be set to be smaller than the inner diameter of the flexible sealing ring 400. Further, the inner diameter of the distal port of the guide channel 320 can be set to be smaller than the inner diameter of the distal port of the guide channel 320, with the inner diameter of the guide channel 320 gradually decreasing from the proximal end to the distal end, so that the guide insertion part 30 can be quickly aligned and inserted into the flexible sealing ring 400. In some preferred embodiments, the through hole can also be set to remain open under normal conditions. The inner diameter of the through hole 220 is larger than the inner diameter of the flexible sealing ring 400. Based on the above structural design, the far end of the guide channel 320 can form a radial limit on the insertion part 30, ensuring that the insertion part 30 is accurately inserted into the center of the flexible sealing ring 400 along the axial direction. The design that the inner diameter of the through hole 220 is larger than the inner diameter of the flexible sealing ring 400 can avoid the insertion part 30 from contacting the inner wall of the through hole 220 and generating additional friction. At the same time, it provides sufficient radial expansion space for the flexible sealing ring 400 when it is compressed and deformed, preventing the flexible sealing ring 400 from plastic deformation or damage caused by excessive compression. When the movable cover 300 drives the protrusion 310 to slide to the distal end, the contact surface 311 and the bottom wall of the mounting groove 210 cooperate to compress the flexible sealing ring 400. Due to the radial limiting effect of the distal end of the guide channel 320, the radial shrinkage of the flexible sealing ring 400 can be concentrated on the peripheral wall of the insertion part 30, improving the uniformity and reliability of the sealing fit. When the movable cover 300 slides to the proximal end to reset, the flexible sealing ring 400 expands radially under its own elastic restoring force. Combined with the large inner diameter design of the through hole 220, it can quickly release the restraint on the insertion part 30, significantly reducing the resistance when the insertion part 30 is inserted or removed.

[0025] In some embodiments, such as Figures 4-6 As shown, to reduce the risk of sample leakage from the through hole 220 within the sheath 10, the distal end of the mounting groove 210 can be axially protruding from the distal end face of the cap 200. This prevents the sample on the inner wall of the sheath 100 from flowing directly through the through hole 220, thus reducing the risk of sample leakage from the through hole 220. Preferably, the distal protrusion length of the mounting groove 210 is 1mm-5mm. In some embodiments, an annular sealing rib can be provided on the outer peripheral wall of the mounting groove 210 located on the distal side of the cap 200. The annular sealing rib is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the cavity 130 of the sheath 100 to form a secondary sealing barrier at the connection between the cap 200 and the sheath 100, effectively preventing sample leakage along the gap between the outer wall of the mounting groove 210 and the inner wall of the cavity 130 of the sheath 100.

[0026] In some embodiments, to facilitate sliding control of the movable cover 300, the proximal end of the mounting groove 210 can be axially protruding from the proximal end face of the fixed cover 200. Correspondingly, the proximal end of the movable cover 300 protrudes from the proximal end face of the fixed cover 200, and the proximal end of the movable cover 300 can serve as a control part for the operator to hold. The outer periphery of this control part can be provided with anti-slip textures (such as annular grooves or axial strip-shaped ridges) to increase hand friction and prevent slippage. In some preferred embodiments, a radial flange can be provided on the outer periphery of the control part. The outer diameter of the flange is 2mm-5mm larger than the outer diameter of the proximal end of the fixed cover, forming a stepped structure to facilitate finger application. Furthermore, an indicator mark (such as an arrow or scale line) can be provided axially on the peripheral wall of the protrusion 310, which, in conjunction with the corresponding mark on the proximal end face of the fixed cover 200, visually displays the current sliding position (first state or second state) of the movable cover 300, improving the accuracy of surgical operations.

[0027] In some embodiments, to improve the convenience of negative pressure suction pressure control and reduce the operational burden, the sheath sealing structure may further include a locking module. The fixed cover 200 and the movable cover 300 are respectively connected to the locking module. The locking module is used to lock the axial sliding stroke between the movable cover 300 and the fixed cover 200, so as to fix the position of the movable cover 300 in the first state and / or the second state, and avoid accidental sliding of the movable cover due to accidental touch during the operation.

[0028] In some embodiments, the locking module may include an elastic claw on the outer periphery of the movable cover 300 and a positioning groove on the inner wall of the fixed cover 200. The end of the elastic claw has a radial protrusion, and at least two positioning grooves are spaced apart along the axial direction (corresponding to the locking positions of the first and second states). When the movable cover 300 slides to the target position, the radial protrusion of the elastic claw engages with the corresponding positioning groove, forming a circumferential limit. When it is necessary to unlock, the operator can press the elastic claw radially to disengage the protrusion from the groove, thereby pushing the movable cover 300 to switch states.

[0029] In other embodiments, the locking module can be configured with a threaded locking structure, specifically including an external threaded section on the outer periphery of the protrusion 310 of the movable cover 300 and an internal threaded section on the inner wall of the mounting groove 210 of the fixed cover 200. Axial displacement and position locking are achieved by rotating the movable cover 300. Alternatively, the locking module can be configured to include an internal threaded section on the inner wall of the cap 330 of the movable cover 300 and an external threaded section on the outer periphery of the near end of the mounting groove 210 of the fixed cover 200. Axial displacement and position locking are achieved by rotating the movable cover 300. Furthermore, the pitch of the external threaded section can preferably be set to 1mm-2mm, and with the tightening marking line (such as the indicator arrow at the near end of the movable cover 300 corresponding to the scale line on the near end face of the fixed cover 200), the operator can precisely control the axial position of the movable cover 300 by rotating the angle, thereby achieving stepless adjustment of the compression degree of the flexible sealing ring 400 to meet the needs of different negative pressure suction intensities. The advantage of the threaded locking structure lies in its excellent self-locking performance, which can achieve stable locking at any axial position, making it particularly suitable for complex surgical scenarios that require precise control of negative pressure.

[0030] It should be noted that the locking module does not affect the axial sliding accuracy between the movable cover 300 and the fixed cover 200. Its structural design must ensure that the compression deviation of the flexible sealing ring 400 does not exceed 0.1mm in the locked state to guarantee the stability of the sealing performance. During assembly, all components of the locking module must be processed under aseptic conditions, and the parts in contact with the human body must meet biocompatibility requirements to avoid causing tissue inflammation or allergic reactions.

[0031] In other embodiments, to improve ease of operation, the fixed cover 200 and the movable cover 300 may be provided with a circumferential rotational stroke, and the locking module includes an elastic element 500, such as... Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the elastic element 500 is disposed on the inner wall of the mounting groove 210, and the peripheral wall of the protrusion 310 is provided with a locking groove 341. One side wall of the locking groove 341 in the same circumferential direction is a stop surface 343, and the other side wall of the locking groove in the same circumferential direction is a transition surface 342. The transition surface 342 is used to achieve a smooth transition between the bottom wall of the locking groove 341 and the peripheral wall of the protrusion 310. The circumferential rotation stroke has a third state and a fourth state. In the third state, the elastic element 500 corresponds to the locking groove 341. In the fourth state, the elastic element 500 is misaligned with the locking groove 341. In the third state, on different radial directions of the protrusion 310, the elastic element 500 is inserted into the locking groove 341, and its radially extended end forms an axial limit with the axial sidewall of the locking groove 341. At this time, the movable cover 300 cannot slide along the axial direction, thus achieving stable locking of the current position. After the elastic element 500 slides out of the locking groove 341 along the transition surface 342 and abuts against the peripheral wall of the protrusion, it is in the fourth state. The movable cover 300 is released from the axial limit and can be freely axially slid and adjusted, realizing single-finger operation of negative pressure opening control and sealing cooperation control of the insertion part 30, and effectively reducing the single-finger movement range and reducing the operating burden. The elastic element 500 preferably adopts a combination structure of steel ball and compression spring. The diameter of the steel ball is adapted to the depth of the locking groove 341. The spring preload ensures that the steel ball and the peripheral wall of the protrusion 310 always remain in contact. When the movable cover 300 is rotated, the steel ball slides circumferentially along the peripheral wall of the protrusion 310 relative to the protrusion 310. When it encounters the locking groove 341, it is locked into the groove under the action of the spring force, producing obvious tactile feedback (such as a "click" sound or a sudden change in resistance), which makes it easy for the operator to perceive the state switch. The transition surface 342 is set as an inclined arc surface of 30°-45°, so that the steel ball can smoothly enter and exit the locking groove 341 under the action of a small rotational force, avoiding jamming.

[0032] Furthermore, two locking grooves 341 can be arranged circumferentially along the protrusion 310 (corresponding to the locking positions of the first and second states), with the circumferential included angle between adjacent locking grooves 341 being 45°-90°, ensuring that the operator can quickly switch the locking state by rotating the movable cover 300. For example, when the movable cover 300 is in the first state (the flexible sealing ring is not compressed), rotating the movable cover 300 by 45° causes the elastic element 500 to engage with the corresponding locking groove 341, thus locking the current position and preventing the movable cover 300 from accidentally sliding due to external force collisions during surgery; when it is necessary to switch to the second state (sealed engagement), rotating the movable cover 300 by 45° in the opposite direction releases the lock, pushes the movable cover 300 to the second state position, and then rotates it again to lock. The operation process is simple and efficient, and control can be achieved with a small single-finger movement, which is especially suitable for surgical scenarios that require frequent switching of aspiration states, effectively reducing the operational burden. In some embodiments, multiple locking grooves 341 can be arranged axially to achieve multi-level locking control.

[0033] In some embodiments, to balance structural stability and sliding control stability of the movable cover 300, a reinforcing rib 350 can be provided axially on the protrusion 310. The reinforcing rib 350 is located near the locking groove 341, and the transition surface 342 is located between the stop surface 343 and the reinforcing rib 350. The reinforcing rib 350, the elastic element 500, and the stop surface 343 cooperate to limit the circumferential rotation stroke between the fixed cover 200 and the movable cover 300. When the movable cover 300 rotates circumferentially, the sidewall of the reinforcing rib 350 can form rigid contact with the elastic element 500 (such as a steel ball). Through the cooperation of the stop surface 343 and the reinforcing rib 350, the circumferential rotation angle is precisely limited within a preset range (e.g., 45°-90°), preventing misalignment between the locking groove 341 and the elastic element 500 due to excessive rotation, and ensuring the accuracy of state switching. The number of reinforcing ribs 350 is preferably 2-6, evenly distributed along the circumference of the protrusion. Their cross-section can be an isosceles triangle or rectangle, with a height of 0.5mm-2mm. The root is integrally formed with the peripheral wall of the protrusion 310, using the same polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or medical-grade polycarbonate material as the movable cover 300, to reduce overall weight while ensuring structural strength. Furthermore, it is preferable that the distal end of the reinforcing ribs 350 extends to the edge of the contact surface, and the proximal end smoothly transitions to the control part of the movable cover 300, forming a continuous mechanical support structure. This effectively resists the radial bending stress generated by the protrusion 310 during axial compression, preventing structural deformation due to long-term use.

[0034] The endoscope provided in this application embodiment can be a nephroscope, or a bronchoscope, esophagoscope, gastroscope, colonoscope, otoscope, rhinoscope, oral endoscope, laryngoscope, colposcope, laparoscope, arthroscope, etc. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the type of endoscope.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0036] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sheath seat sealing structure, characterized in that, include: The fixed cover has an axially arranged mounting groove at its proximal end, and a through hole at the bottom of the mounting groove for inserting an endoscope. The distal end of the fixed cover has a connecting part for connecting with a sheath seat. A flexible sealing ring is disposed in the mounting groove. Under normal conditions, the inner diameter of the flexible sealing ring is larger than the diameter of the endoscope insertion part. A movable cover body includes a protrusion located within a mounting groove. A guide channel extends axially through the protrusion, with its proximal end connecting to the external environment and its distal end corresponding to a through-hole. The movable cover body and a fixed cover body have an axial sliding stroke. The distal end of the protrusion has an abutment surface that engages with the bottom wall of the mounting groove. During the sliding stroke of the movable and fixed cover bodies, a flexible sealing ring is compressed, adjusting the gap between the flexible sealing ring and the insertion portion to control the opening degree of the connection between the through-hole and the guide channel.

2. The sheath sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding stroke includes a first state and a second state. In the first state, the flexible sealing ring and the endoscope insertion part have a preset gap. In the second state, the flexible sealing ring and the endoscope insertion part are sealed together.

3. The sheath sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Under normal conditions, the inner diameter of the distal end of the guide channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the flexible sealing ring; And / or, under normal circumstances, the inner diameter of the through hole is larger than the inner diameter of the flexible sealing ring.

4. The sheath sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distal end of the mounting groove protrudes axially from the distal end face of the fixed cover. And / or, the proximal end of the mounting groove protrudes axially from the proximal end face of the fixed cover.

5. A sheath sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The sheath sealing structure also includes a locking module. The fixed cover and the movable cover are respectively connected to the locking module. The locking module is used to lock the axial sliding stroke between the movable cover and the fixed cover.

6. The sheath sealing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The locking module includes mating internal and external threads, one of which is located on the fixed cover and the other on the movable cover. The fixed cover and the movable cover are connected by axial thread engagement.

7. The sheath sealing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed cover and the movable cover have a circumferential rotation stroke. The locking module includes an elastic element, which is disposed on the inner wall of the mounting groove. The peripheral wall of the protrusion is provided with a locking groove. The locking groove has a stop surface on one side wall in the same circumferential direction, and a transition surface on the other side wall in the same circumferential direction. The transition surface is used to achieve a smooth transition between the bottom wall of the locking groove and the peripheral wall of the protrusion. The circumferential rotation stroke has a third state and a fourth state. In the third state, the elastic element corresponds to the locking groove. In the fourth state, the elastic element and the locking groove are misaligned in different radial directions of the protrusion.

8. The sheath sealing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The protrusion is provided with a reinforcing rib along the axial direction. The reinforcing rib is located near the locking groove. The transition surface is located between the stop surface and the reinforcing rib. The reinforcing rib, the elastic element and the stop surface cooperate to limit the circumferential rotation stroke between the fixed cover and the moving cover.

9. A sheath, characterized in that, The device includes a sheath seat and a sheath seat sealing structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8. The sheath seat is provided with a negative pressure interface and a tube body. The negative pressure interface is used to connect to a negative pressure source. The tube body is used to pass through an endoscope insertion part. The connecting part of the fixed cover body is connected to the sheath seat. The fixed cover body and the sheath seat cooperate to form a cavity. The negative pressure interface is connected to the tube body through the cavity.

10. An endoscope system, characterized in that, It includes an endoscope and the sheath as described in claim 9, wherein the insertion part of the endoscope is sequentially disposed in the guide channel, the flexible sealing ring, the through hole, the cavity and the tube body.

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