A cover structure, sheath, and endoscope system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of endoscopy technology, and more particularly to a cover structure, a sheath, and an endoscopy system. The cover includes a cover and a sliding tube. A mating channel is axially arranged on the cover, and a wedge-shaped surface is provided at the distal end of the mating channel. The sliding tube is located within the mating channel, and a flexible ring is coaxially arranged at its distal end. The sliding tube and the mating channel are axially slidingly engaged. This application utilizes the sliding tube to drive the flexible ring to slide axially along the mating channel. In a second state, the flexible ring seals the insertion part, allowing for negative pressure suction of the sheath. In the first state, the sealing of the insertion part by the flexible ring is released. This facilitates rapid insertion / removal of the insertion part from the sheath, improving the efficiency of blockage removal and the ease of use of the sheath. Furthermore, the gap between the insertion part and the sliding tube serves as an opening control structure for communication with the external environment, simplifying the sheath structure, improving the ease of use of the sheath, and increasing the comfort of using the endoscopy system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of endoscopy technology, and more particularly to a cover structure, a sheath, and an endoscopy system. Background Technology

[0002] The sheath is a disposable medical consumable that is fitted over the endoscope. It is mostly made of medical polymer materials (such as polyurethane and polyethylene) and has core functions such as protection, operation assistance, infection control, and field of vision protection. It is an indispensable accessory in endoscopic examinations / minimally invasive surgeries such as gastroscopy, colonoscopy, bronchoscopy, and ureteroscopy.

[0003] To facilitate the removal of samples from the body, a negative pressure source is typically connected to a sheath to extract the sample from the gap between the endoscope insertion part and the sheath. If a blockage occurs during aspiration, the endoscope insertion part needs to be pulled out of the sheath, and the endoscope insertion part needs to be reinserted after the blockage is cleared to continue the surgery. However, in the process of developing this invention, the applicant discovered that, due to the limitations of the sheath's own structure, the existing design is difficult to balance the sealing of the sheath's negative pressure aspiration with the smoothness of insertion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a cover structure, sheath, and endoscope system to solve the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] This application is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, this application provides a cover structure for a sheath, comprising: The cover has a connecting end for connecting with the sheath seat of the sheath tube, and a mating channel is provided on the cover along the axial direction, and a wedge-shaped surface is provided at the distal end of the mating channel. A sliding tube is located within a mating channel. The sliding tube has an insertion channel for inserting an endoscope. A flexible ring is coaxially provided at the distal end of the sliding tube. The sliding tube and the mating channel slide together axially. The sliding stroke between the sliding tube and the mating channel includes a first state and a second state. In the first state, there is a preset gap between the flexible ring and the insertion part. In the second state, the flexible ring abuts against the wedge-shaped surface and undergoes radial deformation, and the flexible ring deforms radially to seal with the insertion part.

[0006] Secondly, this application provides a sheath tube, including a sheath seat and the aforementioned cap structure. The sheath seat is provided with a negative pressure interface and a tube body. The negative pressure interface is used to connect to a negative pressure source. The tube body is used to pass through an endoscope insertion part. The connecting end of the cap body is connected to the sheath seat. The cap body and the sheath seat cooperate to form a cavity. The negative pressure interface is connected to the tube body through the cavity.

[0007] Thirdly, this application provides an endoscope system, including an endoscope and the aforementioned sheath, wherein the insertion portion of the endoscope is sequentially disposed in the insertion channel and the tube body.

[0008] The technical solution provided in this application can achieve the following beneficial effects: This application utilizes a sliding tube to drive a flexible ring to slide axially along the mating channel. In the second state, the flexible ring seals the insertion part, allowing the sheath to perform negative pressure suction. In the first state, the flexible ring releases the seal on the insertion part. This facilitates quick insertion / removal of the insertion part from the sheath, improving blockage clearance efficiency and ease of use. Furthermore, the gap between the insertion part and the sliding tube serves as an opening control structure for communication with the external environment, replacing the existing switch on the negative pressure interface to adjust the negative pressure suction force. This eliminates the need for the existing switch structure on the negative pressure interface, simplifies the sheath structure, and allows for simultaneous control of negative pressure regulation and insertion part sealing with a single structure. This effectively improves the ease of use of the sheath and increases the comfort of using the endoscope system. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the endoscope system disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sheath structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a top view of the sheath (first state) disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view along line AA; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sheath (second state) disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point C; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the valve body structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the valve body structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cover disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0011] In the picture: 10. Sheath; 100. Sheath seat; 110. Negative pressure interface; 120. Tube body; 130. Cavity; 20. Handle; 200. Cover; 210. Fitting channel; 211. Wedge-shaped surface; 212. Airway groove; 213. First mating surface; 214. Second mating surface; 220. Boss; 300. Sliding tube; 310. Flexible ring; 311. Connecting part; 312. Abutting part; 313. Fitting part; 320. Sealing ring; 330. Guide port; 400. Control rod; 30. Insertion part; 40. Negative pressure source. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0013] In the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0014] In various embodiments of this application, "proximal end" and "distal end" refer to the position of the endoscope and its accessories relative to the user in the usage environment. The end closer to the user is designated as the "proximal end", and the end farther from the user is designated as the "distal end".

[0015] Existing sheaths include a sheath base, a flexible sealing ring, and a cap. The sheath base has a negative pressure interface and a tube body. The tube body provides a stable channel for inserting the endoscope insertion section. The negative pressure interface is used to connect a negative pressure source to aspirate samples from the human body (such as body fluids, stones, human tissue, etc.), allowing the sample to be drawn out of the body through the gap between the insertion section and the tube body. To ensure stable negative pressure aspiration, existing technology uses the cap to fix the flexible sealing ring to the sheath base. The insertion section passes through the flexible sealing ring before entering the tube body, and the flexible sealing ring seals with the insertion section to prevent negative pressure leakage during aspiration. However, in actual operation, due to the uncontrollable size of the sample and the pressure of the tube body from the body's natural cavities, sample leakage is prone to occur. In cases where the endoscope is blocked within the sheath, the insertion part needs to be removed from the sheath. After the blockage is cleared, the insertion part can be reinserted into the sheath to continue the surgery. However, the dynamic sealing of the insertion part by the flexible sealing ring increases the resistance when inserting and removing the insertion part from the sheath. This requires the operator to expend extra effort to ensure accurate and rapid insertion and removal of the insertion part from the sheath, which also increases the operation time. If the sealing of the insertion part by the flexible sealing ring is removed, negative pressure leakage will occur during negative pressure aspiration, making it difficult to accurately control the negative pressure aspiration force on the sample, increasing the surgical risk. Consequently, the existing design cannot balance the sealing of the sheath negative pressure aspiration and the smooth insertion of the insertion part.

[0016] To address this, this application provides a cover structure, a sheath, and an endoscope system. A sliding tube drives a flexible ring to slide axially along the mating channel. In a second state, the flexible ring seals the insertion part, allowing the sheath to perform negative pressure suction. In the first state, the flexible ring releases the seal on the insertion part. This facilitates quick insertion / removal of the insertion part from the sheath, improving blockage clearance efficiency and ease of use. Furthermore, the gap between the insertion part and the sliding tube serves as an opening control structure for communication with the external environment, replacing the existing switch on the negative pressure interface to adjust the negative pressure suction force. This eliminates the need for a switch structure on the existing negative pressure interface, simplifies the sheath structure, and allows for simultaneous control of negative pressure regulation and insertion part sealing with a single structure. This effectively improves the ease of use of the sheath and increases the comfort of using the endoscope system, as detailed in the following embodiments. Example 1

[0017] This embodiment provides an endoscope system, such as Figure 1As shown, the device includes an endoscope and a sheath 10. The endoscope is existing technology. The structure and function of the endoscope are briefly described below. The endoscope includes a handle 20 and an insertion part 30. A lever structure is provided on the handle 20, which controls the directional bending of the distal end of the insertion part 30. An illumination unit and a camera module are provided on the distal end surface of the insertion part 30. The illumination unit is used to provide illumination light, and the camera module is used to acquire image information of the internal cavity of the distal end of the insertion part 30. In some embodiments, an instrument channel can be provided on the insertion part 30. The proximal port of the instrument channel is located on the handle, and the distal port of the instrument channel is located at the distal end of the insertion part. The instrument channel is used for the passage of surgical instruments or perfusion fluid. The surgical instruments are existing technology and can be injection needles, dilators, stents, stone retrieval baskets, optical fibers, biopsy forceps, hemostatic clips, etc., without specific limitations. The perfusion fluid can be physiological saline, a drug, or a gas, without specific limitations.

[0018] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the sheath tube 10 includes a sheath seat 100 and a cover structure. The sheath seat 100 is provided with a negative pressure interface 110 and a tube body 120. The negative pressure interface 110 is used to connect to a negative pressure source 40. The negative pressure source 40 can be a negative pressure pump, a manual negative pressure device (such as an airbag-type manual suction device, a piston-type manual suction device), a centralized negative pressure air supply system, etc., which are not specifically limited here. The tube 120 is used to pass through the endoscope insertion part 30. The cover 200 in the cover structure is connected to the sheath seat 100. The cover 200 and the sheath seat 100 cooperate to form a cavity 130. The negative pressure port 110 is connected to the tube 120 through the cavity 130. The gap between the tube 120 and the insertion part 30 can be used as a suction channel, allowing the sample to pass through the gap between the tube 120 and the insertion part 30, the cavity 130 formed by the cover 200 and the sheath seat 100, and the negative pressure port 110 in sequence under the action of negative pressure suction, so that the sample is extracted from the body.

[0019] Specifically, such as Figures 2-7 As shown, the cover structure includes: The cover 200 has a connecting end for connecting with the sheath seat 100 of the sheath tube 10. The cover 200 has a mating channel 210 arranged along the axial direction, and the distal end of the mating channel 210 is provided with a wedge-shaped surface 211. A sliding tube 300 is located within a mating channel 210. An insertion channel is provided within the sliding tube 300 for inserting an endoscope insertion part 30. A flexible ring 310 is coaxially provided at the distal end of the sliding tube 300. The sliding tube 300 and the mating channel 210 are axially slidingly fitted. The sliding stroke between the sliding tube 300 and the mating channel 210 includes a first state and a second state. In the first state, a preset gap exists between the flexible ring 310 and the insertion part 30. In the second state, the flexible ring 310 abuts against the wedge-shaped surface 211 and undergoes radial deformation, with the flexible ring 310 radially deformed to seal against the insertion part 30.

[0020] Based on the structural design of the aforementioned cover structure, during actual operation, when using an endoscope system for surgical procedures, for example, in laser lithotripsy within the renal calyx, the gap between the tube body 120 and the insertion part 30 serves as the suction channel. In this case, the sliding tube 300 can be controlled to be in a second state within the mating channel 210, allowing the flexible ring 310 to deform towards the insertion part 30 under the pressure of the wedge-shaped surface 211, forming a sealed fit with the insertion part 30. This creates a closed suction environment on the sheath seat 100. The negative pressure port 110 connects to the negative pressure source 40 to suction and remove the lithotripsy from the renal calyx. When the lithotripsy becomes blocked in the suction channel, the sliding tube 300 can be controlled to slide axially along the mating channel 210 to the first state. In this state, the flexible ring 310 and the wedge-shaped surface 211... Upon separation, the flexible ring 310 recovers its elastic deformation and automatically separates from the insertion part 30, creating a gap between the flexible ring 310 and the insertion part 30. This releases the sealing fit between the flexible ring 310 and the insertion part 30, facilitating the quick insertion / removal of the insertion part 30 from the sheath 10, improving the efficiency of blockage removal and the ease of use of the sheath. Furthermore, the gap between the insertion part 30 and the sliding tube 300 can be used as an opening control structure for communication with the external environment. This replaces the switch on the existing negative pressure interface 110 to adjust the negative pressure suction force, eliminating the need for the switch structure on the existing negative pressure interface 110, simplifying the structure of the sheath 10, and enabling simultaneous control of both negative pressure regulation and the sealing control of the insertion part 30 within a single cover structure. This effectively improves the ease of use of the sheath 10 and increases the comfort of using the endoscope system.

[0021] In some embodiments, to achieve flexible adjustment of negative pressure suction, a gap can be provided between the flexible ring 310 and the insertion part 30 to connect with the external environment. At least a portion of the sliding stroke between the sliding tube 300 and the mating channel 210 is used to adjust the gap, thereby adjusting the degree of connection with the external environment. Based on the above structural design, by adjusting the axial position of the sliding tube 300 within the mating channel 210, the size of the gap between the flexible ring 310 and the insertion part 30 can be precisely controlled, thereby adjusting the gas flow between the external environment and the cavity 130. For example, when it is necessary to reduce the negative pressure suction force, the sliding tube 300 can be slid a certain distance from the second state to the first state, forming a partial gap between the flexible ring 310 and the insertion part 30. External air enters the cavity 130 through this gap, reducing the negative pressure intensity within the cavity 130. When it is necessary to increase the negative pressure suction force, the sliding tube 300 is slid towards the second state, reducing or closing the gap, reducing the entry of external air, and improving the negative pressure stability within the cavity 130. This design eliminates the need for an additional negative pressure adjustment switch; the negative pressure suction force can be infinitely adjusted simply by the axial movement of the sliding tube 300, making it convenient to operate and quick to respond.

[0022] Furthermore, the flexible ring 310 can be made of medical-grade elastic material, such as silicone or fluororubber, to balance good deformation capacity and elastic recovery performance. The inner circumferential surface of the flexible ring 310 can be provided with axially extending micro-convex textures. When the flexible ring 310 is sealed with the insertion part 30 in the second state, the micro-convex textures can increase the contact friction with the surface of the insertion part 30, preventing axial movement of the insertion part 30 during surgical procedures. Simultaneously, the gaps between the micro-convex textures can form a buffer space when the flexible ring 310 deforms, avoiding excessive compression that could damage the surface of the insertion part.

[0023] The wedge-shaped surface 211 of the channel can be designed as a gradually tapered surface structure, with a taper angle preferably between 15° and 30°. This angle range ensures that the flexible ring 310 smoothly contacts the wedge-shaped surface 211 and undergoes radial deformation during axial movement, while also preventing permanent deformation caused by local stress concentration in the flexible ring 310 due to excessive taper. The surface of the wedge-shaped surface 211 can be smoothed to reduce the sliding friction resistance between it and the flexible ring 310, ensuring smooth switching of the sliding tube 300 between the first and second states. In some embodiments, the wedge-shaped surface 211 can also be provided with multiple arc-shaped structures or inclined structures located on the same circumference, and correspondingly, the abutment portion 312 of the flexible ring 310 is adaptively matched with the wedge-shaped surface 211.

[0024] An axial guide structure can be provided between the sliding tube 300 and the mating channel 210. For example, at least two guide ribs can be provided axially on the outer peripheral wall of the sliding tube 300, and a corresponding guide groove can be provided on the inner wall of the mating channel 210. The guide ribs and the guide grooves slide together to restrict the circumferential rotation of the sliding tube 300 within the mating channel 210, ensuring the coaxiality of the flexible ring 310 and the wedge-shaped surface 211, and preventing the flexible ring 310 from failing to seal due to deflection of the sliding tube 300. At the same time, the guide ribs can also enhance the structural strength of the sliding tube 300 and prevent it from bending and deforming under axial force.

[0025] In some embodiments, to control the opening degree of communication with the external environment, the flexible ring 310 gradually undergoes radial deformation during the axial sliding of the sliding tube 300 along the mating channel 210. Figures 4-9 As shown, the flexible ring 310 can be configured to include a connecting portion 311, an abutting portion 312, and a fitting portion 313. The connecting portion 311 is used to connect to the distal end of the sliding tube 300, the abutting portion 312 is used to abut against the wedge-shaped surface 211, and the fitting portion 313 is used to adjust the gap when the flexible ring 310 undergoes radial deformation. The connecting portion 311 and the distal end of the sliding tube 300 can be integrally injection molded to ensure the connection strength while reducing assembly errors. Its axial length is preferably 3mm-5mm to provide sufficient structural support. The outer peripheral surface of the abutting portion 312 is designed as a conical structure that matches the wedge-shaped surface 211. Preferably, the taper is adapted to the 15°-30° taper angle of the wedge-shaped surface. When the sliding tube 300 moves to the second state at the distal end, the conical surface of the abutting portion 312 forms a surface contact with the wedge-shaped surface 211, and the axial pressure is converted into radial extrusion force, driving the fitting portion 313 to contract towards the center. In some preferred embodiments, 3-5 elastic convex rings evenly distributed circumferentially can be provided on the inner circumferential surface of the fitting part 313. The cross-section of the convex ring is semi-circular, preferably with a radius of 0.3mm-0.5mm. When the flexible ring 310 is in the first state, the convex ring and the surface of the insertion part 30 preferably maintain a preset gap of 0.2mm-0.5mm. As the abutting part 312 and the wedge-shaped surface 211 gradually fit together, the fitting part 313 undergoes elastic deformation under the action of radial force. The convex ring gradually approaches and finally fits tightly against the surface of the insertion part 30 to achieve a sealing fit. The elastic deformation range of the convex ring is controlled within 80% of the material's elastic limit to avoid permanent deformation affecting the sealing reliability.

[0026] Specifically, the fitting portion 313 can be positioned circumferentially at the distal end of the sliding tube 300, and the abutment portion 312 can be positioned radially on the outer side of the sliding tube 300, so that the axial pressure of the wedge-shaped surface 211 on the abutment portion 312 is converted into radial deformation and contraction of the fitting portion 313. In some embodiments, the axial length of the abutment portion 312 is preferably 1.5-2 times that of the fitting portion 313, so as to ensure that when the sliding tube 300 moves to the distal end, the abutment portion 312 preferentially contacts the wedge-shaped surface 211 and generates deformation driving force, avoiding premature stress on the fitting portion 313 and resulting in uneven local deformation. The radial thickness of the fitting portion 313 gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end, preferably forming a 0.5°-1° gradient slope. This design allows for a more uniform stress distribution during radial contraction of the fitting portion, improving the tightness of the fit with the surface of the insertion portion 30. The abutting part 312 and the fitting part 313 are connected by an arc transition, preferably with a transition radius of 1mm-2mm, in order to reduce stress concentration and extend the fatigue life of the flexible ring.

[0027] In some embodiments, to facilitate a sealing fit between the fitting part 313 and the insertion part 30, a clearance space can be provided between the fitting part 313 and the distal end of the sliding tube 300. This clearance space is used to accommodate the radial deformation of the flexible ring 310. Specifically, the clearance space can be designed as an annular groove structure, with an axial width of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the axial length of the fitting part 313 and a radial depth of 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the wall thickness of the sliding tube. The bottom of the annular groove adopts a rounded transition design with a transition radius of 0.5 mm to 1 mm to avoid stress concentration. When the flexible ring 310 undergoes radial deformation under wedge-shaped pressure in the second state, the fitting part 313 contracts towards the center. At this time, the clearance space provides sufficient buffer margin for the deformation of the fitting part 313, preventing rigid collision or friction between the fitting part 313 and the distal end face of the sliding tube 300, ensuring a smooth and stable deformation process for the flexible ring 310. In some embodiments, elastic support ribs evenly distributed circumferentially can be provided in the annular groove. The height of the support ribs is 1 / 2 of the groove depth, the width is 0.3mm-0.5mm, and the material is the same as that of the flexible ring 310. They are used to assist the fitting part 313 in quickly resetting when the flexible ring 310 returns to the first state, reduce deformation hysteresis, and improve the response sensitivity of the cover structure.

[0028] In some embodiments, to increase the flexibility of controlling the negative pressure suction pressure, such as Figures 5-9As shown, a sealing ring 320 can be fitted onto the peripheral wall of the sliding tube 300. The sealing ring 320 dynamically seals with the mating channel 210. An air passage groove 212 is provided axially on the inner wall of the mating channel 210. The air passage groove 212 is located on the sliding path of the sealing ring 320. When the sealing ring 320 is in the air passage groove 212, the cavity 130 inside the sheath tube 10, in addition to communicating with the external environment through the gap between the insertion part 30 and the sliding tube 300 to reduce the negative pressure suction pressure, also communicates with the external environment through the gap between the insertion part 30 and the sliding tube 300. The air passage groove 212 is connected to the external environment, further reducing the negative pressure suction pressure and thereby improving the negative pressure suction pressure control range. Preferably, the air passage groove 212 can be evenly distributed in 2-8 grooves along the inner wall of the mating channel. Each air passage groove extends axially, and its length is preferably 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the total sliding stroke of the sliding tube in the mating channel. The width is preferably 1mm-2mm, and the depth is preferably 0.5mm-1mm. The groove edge is preferably rounded with a radius of 0.2mm-0.3mm to avoid scratching the sealing ring 320. The proximal starting position of the airway groove 212 corresponds to 1 / 4 of the sliding stroke of the sliding tube 300 from the second state to the first state, and the distal ending position is flush with the proximal port of the mating channel 210. This allows the sealing ring 320 to enter the airway groove 212 region when the sliding tube 300 slides from the second state to the first state to 1 / 4 of the stroke. At this time, the cavity 130 establishes an auxiliary communication path with the external environment through the airway groove 212. As the sliding tube 300 continues to move towards the first state, the sealing ring 320 gradually and completely enters the airway groove 212, and the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the airway groove 212 reaches its maximum, which can quickly reduce the negative pressure intensity in the cavity 130.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 10As shown, the inner wall of the mating channel 210 can be configured to include a first mating surface 213 and a second mating surface 214. The first mating surface 213 is located between the airway groove 212 and the wedge-shaped surface 211, and is used for dynamic sealing mating with the sealing ring 320. The second mating surface 214 is located at the proximal end of the airway groove 212, and is used for dynamic sealing mating with the sealing ring 320, thereby allowing the auxiliary adjustment of negative pressure suction pressure function of the airway groove 212 to be flexibly applied. In some embodiments, the mating surfaces of the first mating surface 213 and the sealing ring 320 can be mirror polished, with a surface roughness Ra value ≤ 0.8 μm, to reduce the frictional resistance of the sealing ring 320 during axial sliding and ensure the smoothness of the sliding tube 300 when switching states. The second mating surface 214 is provided with 3-5 annular micro-protrusions spaced along the axial direction. Preferably, the height of the protrusions is 0.05 mm-0.1 mm, the width is 0.2 mm-0.3 mm, and the distance between adjacent protrusions is 1 mm-2 mm. When the sealing ring 320 is located in the area of ​​the second mating surface 214, the micro-protrusions can form a multi-point contact seal with the inner circumferential surface of the sealing ring 320, enhancing the sealing reliability of the non-air passage groove 212 area and preventing negative pressure leakage in the cavity 130. When the sliding tube 300 slides from the second state to the first state until the sealing ring 320 completely disengages from the first mating surface 213 and enters the air passage 212, the communication path between the air passage 212 and the external environment is opened. At this time, the negative pressure in the cavity 130 is connected to the outside through the gap between the insertion part 30 and the sliding tube 300 and the dual channels of the air passage 212, which can realize the step adjustment of the negative pressure intensity. When the sliding tube 300 slides in the opposite direction and the sealing ring 320 disengages from the air passage 212 and enters the second mating surface 214, the passage of the air passage 212 is closed, leaving only the gap between the insertion part 30 and the sliding tube 300 as the adjustment channel. The sliding tube 300 continues to slide along the axial direction, and the gap between the insertion part 30 and the sliding tube 300 is also gradually reduced due to the sealing fit of the flexible ring 310 and the insertion part 30, until the sliding tube 300 continues to slide along the axial direction to the second state, the communication channel between the cavity 130 and the external environment is completely closed, thus meeting the requirements for fine negative pressure control. This synergistic design of the dual mating surfaces and the airway groove 212 enables negative pressure regulation to achieve both rapid pressure reduction and precise fine-tuning, significantly improving the flexibility of negative pressure control during surgery.

[0030] Specifically, in the first state, the first mating surface 213 and the sealing ring 320 are dynamically sealed together. In the first state, the first mating surface 213 and the sealing ring 320 form the main sealing area. At this time, the sealing ring 320 is radially constrained by the first mating surface, and its compression is controlled at 20%-25%, ensuring that the cavity can still maintain a basic negative pressure environment when the sliding tube 300 is in the non-sealing adjustment stage.

[0031] In the second state, the second mating surface 214 is used for dynamic sealing with the sealing ring 320. In this state, the sealing ring 320 moves with the sliding tube 300 to the area of ​​the second mating surface 214. In some preferred embodiments, the annular micro-protrusions of the second mating surface 214 form a multi-layered labyrinthine sealing structure with the inner circumferential surface of the sealing ring 320. The contact pressure between the micro-protrusions and the sealing ring 320 is increased by 30%-40% compared to the first mating surface. The elastic compression of the protrusions causes local radial deformation of the sealing ring 320, filling the mating gap and achieving complete isolation between the cavity 130 and the external environment. At this time, the compression of the sealing ring 320 reaches 30%-35%, which is within the optimal range of material elastic deformation, ensuring both the durability of the sealing effect and avoiding elastic fatigue caused by excessive compression. This graded sealing design with dual mating surfaces and the sealing ring 320 allows the cover structure to maintain stable sealing performance under different working conditions, effectively improving the accuracy of negative pressure control and the safety of sheath use.

[0032] In some embodiments, to increase the flexibility of negative pressure suction pressure adjustment, the gas flow cross-sectional area of ​​the airway groove 212 can be set to gradually increase from the proximal end to the distal end along the axial direction. Preferably, the rate of increase can be set to 5%-10% / mm, that is, for every 1mm extension towards the distal end along the axial direction, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the airway groove 212 increases by 5%-10%. For example, when the total axial length of the airway groove 212 is 10mm, the cross-sectional area at the proximal end can be designed to be 1mm². 2 The cross-sectional area at the distal termination reaches 1.6 mm. 2 -2.6mm 2 This design creates a smooth, linear gradient curve. As the sliding tube moves from the second state to the first state, the ventilation volume of the airway groove 212 increases linearly with the sliding stroke, avoiding a sudden drop in negative pressure caused by abrupt changes in cross-sectional area. This allows doctors to obtain more linear operational feedback when adjusting negative pressure. When the sealing ring 320 partially enters the airway groove 212, the smaller initial cross-sectional area allows for fine-tuning of the negative pressure. As the sliding tube 300 continues to move, the gradually increasing cross-sectional area rapidly increases the ventilation volume, meeting the need for rapid decompression. This achieves a smooth transition from fine adjustment to rapid decompression, further optimizing the negative pressure control experience during surgery.

[0033] In some embodiments, to increase the flexibility of negative pressure suction pressure adjustment, the gas flow cross-sectional area of ​​the airway groove 212 can be set to gradually decrease from the proximal end to the distal end along the axial direction. Preferably, the rate of decrease can also be set to 5%-10% / mm, that is, for every 1mm extension towards the distal end along the axial direction, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the airway groove decreases by 5%-10%. For example, when the total axial length of the airway groove 212 is 10mm, the cross-sectional area at the proximal start can be designed to be 2mm². 2 As the sliding tube 300 moves towards the distal end, the cross-sectional area gradually decreases, reaching a minimum of 0.4 mm² at the distal termination point.2 -1mm 2 This design creates a smooth, linear decay curve. In the initial stage of sliding the tube from the second state to the first state, the airway groove 212 provides a large flow cross-sectional area, enabling a rapid reduction in negative pressure within the cavity. As the sliding stroke increases, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the airway groove 212 gradually decreases, and the ventilation volume decreases linearly. At this point, the surgeon can finely control the negative pressure intensity by adjusting the position of the sliding tube 300. When dealing with surgical scenarios where a rapid reduction in negative pressure is needed to avoid over-suction of surrounding tissue, followed by precise control of negative pressure for delicate procedures, this gradually decreasing design provides adjustment characteristics more in line with clinical operating habits. For example, after suctioning a large piece of detached tissue, the airway groove cross-sectional area can be reduced by continuing to slide the sliding tube 300, decreasing the ventilation volume and thus slowly increasing the negative pressure to an intensity suitable for clearing small bleeding points. This achieves a transition from coarse to fine negative pressure adjustment, further broadening the clinical applicability of the cap structure.

[0034] In some embodiments, to facilitate the insertion of the endoscope insertion part 30 into the sheath 10, a guide port 330 may be provided at the proximal end of the sliding tube 300. The guide port 330 is used to guide the endoscope insertion part 30 into the sheath 10 quickly. Preferably, the guide port 330 is a bevel, an arc, or a flared opening.

[0035] In some embodiments, to facilitate control of the sliding tube 300 sliding axially along the mating channel 210, the cover structure may further include a control end, which is connected to the sliding tube 300 and is used to drive the sliding tube 300 to move axially within the mating channel 210. Specifically, as... Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the control end can be configured to include a control rod 400. The middle part of the control rod 400 is rotatably connected to the boss 220 on the cover 200. A groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the sliding tube 300. The free end of the control rod 400 is located in the groove. The rotatable connection between the control rod 400 and the boss 220 serves as the fulcrum of rotation. The operating end of the control rod 400 forms a lever structure, increasing the driving force arm. When a small driving force is applied to the operating end, the control rod 400 can swing around the rotatable connection of the boss 220. The driving force is transmitted to the inner wall of the groove through the free end of the control rod 400, which pries the sliding tube 300 to slide along the axial direction of the mating channel 210, improving the ease of operation.

[0036] In some embodiments, the control end can be designed as a wristband. The inner diameter of the wristband is interference-fitted with the proximal outer peripheral wall of the sliding tube 300, so that when the wristband is driven, it can drive the sliding tube 300 to move synchronously along the axial direction of the mating channel 210. The outer peripheral surface of the wristband can be provided with axially distributed anti-slip textures. Specifically, the anti-slip textures can be set with a serrated cross-section and an adjacent texture spacing of 1mm-1.5mm to increase grip friction and prevent hand slippage during surgical operations.

[0037] The endoscope provided in this application embodiment can be a nephroscope, or a bronchoscope, esophagoscope, gastroscope, colonoscope, otoscope, rhinoscope, oral endoscope, laryngoscope, colposcope, laparoscope, arthroscope, etc. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the type of endoscope.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0039] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cover structure for a sheath, characterized in that, include: The cover has a connecting end for connecting with the sheath seat of the sheath tube, and a mating channel is provided on the cover along the axial direction, and a wedge-shaped surface is provided at the distal end of the mating channel. A sliding tube is located within a mating channel. The sliding tube has an insertion channel for inserting an endoscope. A flexible ring is coaxially provided at the distal end of the sliding tube. The sliding tube and the mating channel slide together axially. The sliding stroke between the sliding tube and the mating channel includes a first state and a second state. In the first state, there is a preset gap between the flexible ring and the insertion part. In the second state, the flexible ring abuts against the wedge-shaped surface and undergoes radial deformation, and the flexible ring deforms radially to seal with the insertion part.

2. The cover structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gap between the flexible ring and the insertion part is used to connect with the external environment, and at least part of the sliding stroke between the sliding tube and the mating channel is used to adjust the gap so as to adjust the opening degree of communication with the external environment.

3. The cover structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible ring includes a connecting part, an abutting part, and a fitting part. The connecting part is used to connect to the distal end of the sliding tube, the abutting part is used to abut against the wedge-shaped surface, and the fitting part is used to adjust the gap when the flexible ring undergoes radial deformation.

4. The cover structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fitting portion is located circumferentially at the far end of the sliding tube, and the abutting portion is located radially on the outside of the sliding tube; And / or, there is a clearance space between the fitting portion and the distal end of the sliding tube, the clearance space being used to accommodate radial deformation of the flexible ring.

5. A cover structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, A sealing ring is fitted on the peripheral wall of the sliding tube. The sealing ring is dynamically sealed with the mating channel. An air passage groove is provided on the inner wall of the mating channel along the axial direction. The air passage groove is located on the sliding path of the sealing ring.

6. A cover structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner wall of the mating channel includes a first mating surface and a second mating surface. The first mating surface is located between the airway groove and the wedge-shaped surface and is used for dynamic sealing with the sealing ring. The second mating surface is located at the proximal end of the airway groove and is used for dynamic sealing with the sealing ring.

7. A cover structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the first state, the first mating surface engages with the sealing ring in a dynamic sealing fit; And / or, in the second state, the second mating surface is used to engage with the sealing ring for a dynamic seal; And / or, the gas flow cross-sectional area of ​​the airway gradually increases or decreases axially from the proximal end to the distal end.

8. A cover structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, A guide port is provided at the proximal end of the sliding tube; And / or, the cover structure further includes a control end, which is connected to the sliding tube and is used to drive the sliding tube to move axially within the mating channel.

9. A sheath, characterized in that, The device includes a sheath base and a cover structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8. The sheath base is provided with a negative pressure interface and a tube. The negative pressure interface is used to connect to a negative pressure source. The tube is used to pass through the endoscope insertion part. The connecting end of the cover is connected to the sheath base. The cover and the sheath base cooperate to form a cavity. The negative pressure interface is connected to the tube through the cavity.

10. An endoscope system, characterized in that, It includes an endoscope and the sheath as described in claim 9, wherein the insertion portion of the endoscope passes through the insertion channel and the tube body in sequence.

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