Iodine-containing water-soluble medicinal fertilizer with nutritional and disease-preventing properties and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a novel functional fertilizer production technology that utilizes iodine-containing water-soluble fertilizer with nutritional and disease-preventing properties and its preparation method. The fertilizer is scientifically formulated from macronutrients (potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, urea), a complex iodine source (potassium iodate, amino acid chelated iodine, seaweed iodine extract), biostimulant and stabilizing components (potassium humate, sugar alcohol mixture, vitamin C), and micronutrients. Its preparation method employs a unique "two-step chelation / complexation stabilization process," first constructing a stable iodine-containing mother liquor, then integrating it with macronutrients to ensure high stability and activity of iodine in the fertilizer system. This invention effectively solves the problems of low utilization rate and poor stability of iodine supplementation in agriculture. While providing balanced nutrition, it significantly promotes crop growth and improves its stress resistance, enabling efficient biofortification of iodine in agricultural products. The process is simple and suitable for modern integrated water and fertilizer management, and is of great significance for producing functional iodine-rich agricultural products and improving the public's iodine nutrition status.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to novel functional fertilizer production technology, particularly iodine-containing water-soluble medicinal fertilizer with nutritional and disease-preventing properties and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Iodine is an essential trace element for humans and animals, playing an irreplaceable role in maintaining normal thyroid function and promoting growth and development. However, globally, many regions suffer from a lack of available iodine in their soils, resulting in crops with extremely low iodine content, making it impossible to meet the body's iodine needs through daily diet. Traditional iodine supplementation mainly relies on iodized salt, but this method suffers from uneven regional coverage and losses during cooking. Agricultural biofortification, which involves producing agricultural products rich in micronutrients, is considered a more fundamental and sustainable approach to addressing "hidden hunger."

[0003] Currently, the technology for supplementing iodine in agriculture is relatively limited and has significant drawbacks. Common methods include: 1. Direct application of inorganic iodides (such as potassium iodide) to the soil: Although the cost is low, iodine is easily oxidized, leached or fixed by soil colloids in the soil, resulting in a very low utilization rate (usually less than 5%), and high concentrations may be toxic to soil microorganisms and some sensitive crops.

[0004] 2. Foliar spraying of iodine solution: The utilization rate has been improved, but it requires separate operation, which increases the complexity of agricultural work; iodine is easily photodegraded and volatilized after the leaves dry, and the effective period is short; and inorganic iodized salts can easily cause leaf burn.

[0005] 3. Existing iodine-containing fertilizer products: Most are simple physical blends, and the iodine agent has poor compatibility with other fertilizer components. During storage or application, chemical reactions (such as oxidation and precipitation) are likely to occur, leading to iodine loss or reduced effectiveness, and may also affect the overall stability of the fertilizer.

[0006] Therefore, developing a water-soluble iodine fertilizer that is stable in iodine form, highly efficient for plant absorption, can be seamlessly integrated with conventional fertilization, and also promotes crop growth is of great significance for promoting fortified agriculture and increasing the added value of agricultural products. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water-soluble iodine-containing fertilizer and its preparation method that has stable iodine form, high plant absorption efficiency, can be seamlessly integrated with conventional fertilization, and also promotes crop growth. This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, including: 1. Low utilization rate, poor stability, and easy loss or toxicity of agricultural iodine supplementation; 2. Existing iodine-containing fertilizers have a single function, serving only as simple carriers of iodine and lacking synergistic effects in promoting crop absorption and growth; 3. Poor compatibility between iodine and other nutrients (especially metal ions) in fertilizers, leading to problems such as product clumping, discoloration, or precipitation.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: • Basic macro-element composition: Potassium nitrate: 180-250 parts • Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 80-120 parts Urea: 50-100 parts • Stable iodine source and synergistic components: Potassium iodate: 0.5-5.0 parts • Amino acid chelated iodine (iodine content ≥5%): 1.0-10.0 parts • Seaweed iodine extract (organic iodine ≥1%): 5-20 parts • Biostimuli and stabilizing synergistic components: Potassium humate (fulvic acid ≥50%): 30-60 parts • Sugar alcohol mixture (sorbitol, mannitol): 10-25 parts • Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid): 0.5-3.0 parts • Micronutrients and additives: • Chelated trace elements (EDTA-Fe, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Mn, B): 10-30 parts • Water-soluble potassium silicate: 10-30 parts • Anti-caking agent (sodium polyaspartate): 1-5 parts The method for preparing the iodine-containing water-soluble fertilizer is characterized by employing a "two-step chelation / complexation stabilization process," comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of pre-reaction solution (constructing an iodine-stable environment): In reactor A, add approximately 60% of the formula amount of deionized water and heat to 40-50°C. Add potassium humate and the sugar alcohol mixture sequentially, stirring until completely dissolved. Then add vitamin C and stir for 5 minutes. This mixture provides a reducing environment and organic complexing groups.

[0009] S2. Stepwise introduction and stabilization of the iodine source: Under stirring, potassium iodate is slowly added to the pre-reaction solution of S1 and stirred for 15-20 minutes to fully dissolve it and form a preliminary stable complex structure with the potassium humate and sugar alcohol mixture. Then, amino acid chelated iodine and seaweed iodine extract are added, and stirring continues for 20-30 minutes to form a stable composite iodine-containing mother liquor. This step utilizes a dual strategy of "inorganic iodine (KIO3) reduction complexation + direct integration of organic iodine (amino acid iodine, seaweed iodine)" to construct a multi-form, highly stable iodine supply system.

[0010] S3. Dissolution and integration of numerous elements: In reactor B, add the remaining deionized water and heat to 50-60℃. Add potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and urea sequentially, stirring until completely dissolved. Then, while stirring, slowly add the composite iodine-containing mother liquor prepared in S2 to reactor B, controlling the addition rate and maintaining the system temperature below 50℃. Stir for 30-40 minutes to ensure the stable structure of iodine is fully mixed with the macro-element solution.

[0011] S4. Compounding and post-processing of the final product: Add water-soluble potassium silicate and chelated trace elements sequentially to the S3 mixture, stirring for 10 minutes after each addition. Finally, add the anti-caking agent (sodium polyaspartate) and continue stirring for 20 minutes until the system is completely homogeneous and transparent.

[0012] The mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered through a precision filter (pore size ≤ 5 μm) to remove any trace amounts of insoluble matter.

[0013] Test the pH value (adjust to 5.5-6.5), iodine content, total nutrient content, and conductivity (EC value) of the filtrate. After passing the tests, fill, seal, and store.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention 1. High efficiency, stability, and high utilization rate of iodine: • Stable morphology: The innovative use of a composite iodine source of "potassium iodate + amino acid chelated iodine + seaweed iodine extract" combined with a protective microenvironment constructed from potassium humate, sugar alcohol mixture and vitamin C effectively prevents the oxidation of iodide ions (I⁻) and the reduction of iodate ions (IO3⁻), greatly improving the chemical stability of iodine during fertilizer production and storage.

[0015] • High absorption efficiency: The synergistic effect of organic iodine forms (amino acid iodine, seaweed iodine) and sugar alcohols and humic acid can promote the transport and distribution of iodine in plants. The absorption efficiency of foliar spraying or root application is significantly higher than that of a single inorganic iodine source, reducing soil fixation losses.

[0016] 2. Multiple biostimulation functions: • Seaweed iodine extract and potassium humate are themselves highly effective biostimulants that can promote crop rooting, enhance photosynthesis, and improve stress resistance (drought resistance, cold resistance, and disease resistance).

[0017] This invention is not simply "iodized fertilizer," but rather a formulation design that synergistically enhances the nutritional fortification and biostimulation functions of iodine, thereby supplementing iodine while simultaneously improving the overall growth vitality and yield potential of crops.

[0018] 3. Excellent product compatibility and safety: • The special preparation process ensures that iodine is well compatible with the high concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace metal elements (such as iron, zinc and manganese) in fertilizers, and does not precipitate, discolor or separate into layers during long-term storage.

[0019] The product has a near-neutral pH and contains buffering components, which enhances safety for crop leaves and roots and prevents scorching.

[0020] 4. Easy to use, achieving a combination of agronomy and nutrient fortification: This product is a fully water-soluble formula that can be completely dissolved in irrigation water or foliar spray solution. No additional operations are required, and iodine supplementation can be achieved simultaneously during conventional fertigation or foliar fertilization, greatly reducing agricultural costs and complexity.

[0021] • After use, it can effectively increase the iodine content of the edible parts of agricultural products (especially vegetables and fruits), produce natural "iodine-rich" functional agricultural products, and increase the added value of products. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further illustrated by the following embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1

[0023] Weigh out 200 parts of potassium nitrate, 100 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 80 parts of urea, 2 parts of potassium iodate, 3 parts of amino acid chelated iodine (containing 8% iodine), 10 parts of seaweed iodine extract (organic iodine 1.2%), 40 parts of potassium humate, 15 parts of sugar alcohol mixture (sorbitol:mannitol = 1:1), 1 part of vitamin C, 20 parts of chelated trace elements, 20 parts of water-soluble potassium silicate, and 2 parts of sodium polyaspartate.

[0024] Prepared using the above-mentioned "two-step chelation / complexation stabilization process": First, an iodine-containing mother liquor is obtained, then it is integrated with a macro-element liquid, and finally other components are added. The resulting liquid fertilizer is clear and transparent, with a pH of 6.0, an iodine (I) content ≥200 mg / L, and shows no precipitation after 6 months of storage at room temperature, with an iodine content retention rate >95%. Example 2

[0025] Weigh out 220 parts potassium nitrate, 90 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 60 parts urea, 1 part potassium iodate, 5 parts amino acid chelated iodine, 15 parts seaweed iodine extract, 50 parts potassium humate, 20 parts sugar alcohol mixture, 1.5 parts vitamin C, 25 parts chelated trace elements, 15 parts water-soluble potassium silicate, and 3 parts sodium polyaspartate. The preparation method is the same as in Example 1, yielding a high-concentration product with an iodine (I) content ≥300 mg / L. Example 3

[0026] Application effect test: The experiment was conducted in a spinach planting area with slightly iodine-deficient soil. The experimental group was sprayed twice with the product of Example 1 of this invention (diluted 500 times) during the growing season, while the control group was sprayed with an equal amount of water. Post-harvest measurements: • Yield and quality: The fresh weight of spinach in the experimental group increased by 12% compared with the control group, and the vitamin C content of the leaves increased by 18%.

[0027] • Iodine enrichment effect: The iodine content of the edible part of spinach in the experimental group reached 1.52 mg / kg dry weight, which is more than 10 times that of the control group (0.15 mg / kg dry weight), meeting the standard of iodine-enriched vegetables.

[0028] • Safety: The nitrate content of spinach in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, and no leaf scorching or growth inhibition was observed.

Claims

1. A water-soluble iodine-containing fertilizer with nutritional and disease-preventing properties and its preparation method, characterized by: It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Basic macro-element components: potassium nitrate 180-250 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 80-120 parts, urea 50-100 parts; Stable iodine source and synergistic components: potassium iodate 0.5-5.0 parts, amino acid chelated iodine (iodine content ≥5%) 1.0-10.0 parts, seaweed iodine extract (organic iodine ≥1%) 5-20 parts; Biostimulating and stabilizing synergistic components: potassium humate (fulvic acid ≥50%) 30-60 parts, sugar alcohol mixture (sorbitol, mannitol) 10-25 parts, vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) 0.5-3.0 parts; Micronutrients and additives: 10-30 parts of chelated micronutrients (EDTA-Fe, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Mn, B) and 10-30 parts of water-soluble potassium silicate; Anti-caking agent (sodium polyaspartate) 1-5 parts; The above raw materials are subjected to a "two-step chelation / complexation stabilization process", including the following steps: S1. Preparation of pre-reaction solution (constructing an iodine-stable environment): In reactor A, add approximately 60% of the formula amount of deionized water, heat to 40-50°C, add potassium humate and sugar alcohol mixture in sequence, stir until completely dissolved, then add vitamin C and stir for 5 minutes. This mixture provides a reducing environment and organic complexing groups. S2. Stepwise introduction and stabilization of iodine source: Under stirring, potassium iodate is slowly added to the pre-reaction solution of S1 and stirred for 15-20 minutes to fully dissolve it and form a preliminary stable complex structure with the mixture of potassium humate and sugar alcohol. Then, amino acid chelated iodine and seaweed iodine extract are added and stirred for another 20-30 minutes to form a stable composite iodine-containing mother liquor. This step constructs a multi-form, highly stable iodine supply system through a dual strategy of "inorganic iodine (KIO3) reduction complexation + organic iodine (amino acid iodine, seaweed iodine) direct integration". S3. Dissolution and integration of numerous elements: In reactor B, add the remaining deionized water and heat to 50-60℃. Then, add potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and urea in sequence and stir until completely dissolved. Then, under stirring, slowly add the composite iodine-containing mother liquor prepared by S2 into reactor B, control the addition rate, keep the system temperature below 50℃, and stir for 30-40 minutes to fully mix the stable structure of iodine with the macro-element solution. S4. Compounding and post-processing of the final product: Add water-soluble potassium silicate and chelated trace elements to the mixture of S3 in sequence. Stir for 10 minutes after each addition. Finally, add anti-caking agent (sodium polyaspartate) and continue stirring for 20 minutes until the system is completely homogeneous and transparent. Cool the mixture to room temperature and filter it through a precision filter (pore size ≤ 5 μm) to remove any trace insoluble matter that may be present. Test the pH value (adjust to 5.5-6.5), iodine content, total nutrient content and conductivity (EC value) of the filtrate. After passing the tests, fill, seal and store.

2. The iodine-containing water-soluble medicinal fertilizer with nutritional and disease-preventing properties and its preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 parts potassium nitrate, 100 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 80 parts urea, 2 parts potassium iodate, 3 parts amino acid chelated iodine (containing 8% iodine), 10 parts seaweed iodine extract (organic iodine 1.2%), 40 parts potassium humate, 15 parts sugar alcohol mixture (sorbitol: mannitol = 1:1), 1 part vitamin C, 20 parts chelated trace elements, 20 parts water-soluble potassium silicate, and 2 parts sodium polyaspartate.

3. The iodine-containing water-soluble medicinal fertilizer with nutritional and disease-preventing properties and its preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 220 parts potassium nitrate, 90 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 60 parts urea, 1 part potassium iodate, 5 parts amino acid chelated iodine, 15 parts seaweed iodine extract, 50 parts potassium humate, 20 parts sugar alcohol mixture, 1.5 parts vitamin C, 25 parts chelated trace elements, 15 parts water-soluble potassium silicate, and 3 parts sodium polyaspartate.

4. The iodine-containing water-soluble medicinal fertilizer with nutritional and disease-preventing properties according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid fertilizer is clear and transparent, with a pH of 6.0 and an iodine (I) content of ≥200 mg / L. It does not precipitate after 6 months of storage at room temperature, and the iodine content retention rate is >95%.

5. The iodine-containing water-soluble medicinal fertilizer with nutritional and disease-preventing properties according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid fertilizer is clear and transparent, with an iodine (I) content of ≥300 mg / L.

6. The method of applying the iodine-containing water-soluble fertilizer with nutritional and disease-preventing properties according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Iodine-rich crops were produced through foliar spraying or root irrigation. Yield and quality: The fresh weight of spinach in the experimental group increased by 12% compared with the control group, and the vitamin C content of the leaves increased by 18%. Iodine enrichment effect: The iodine content of the edible part of spinach in the experimental group reached 1.52 mg / kg dry weight, which is more than 10 times that of the control group (0.15 mg / kg dry weight), meeting the standard of iodine-rich vegetables.